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Additional file 2. Detailed information of publications, plant salt tolerance classification and plant species in this meta-analysis.

Limited ankle joint mobility (AJM) is a major risk factor for ulcers and a useful parameter for monitoring the health of patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and usefulness of evaluating AJM for monitoring ulcerative risk. AJM in plantar (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF) was evaluated in 99 patients with diabetes, type1/type2: 50/49, (58/41;M/F), and 59 healthy controls (32:27/M:F). Patients and controls were divided into 6 groups by age and neuropathy: 32 young patients (group YD), mean age 12.4±2.0 yr, 29 young controls (group YC), mean age 11.4 ± 3.3 yr, 38 elderly patients without neuropathy (group ED), mean age 58.5 ±10.3 yr, 15 neuropathic patients without history of foot ulcer (group ND), mean age 62.1 ± 7.9 yr, 14 neuropathic patients with history of foot ulcer (group NUD), mean age 64 ± 8.4 yrs, and 30 elderly healthy controls (group EC), mean age 60.3 ± 6.4 yr. AJM was evaluated by an inclinometer with the patient lying supine, the subtalar joint in neutral position and with the ankle in the position freely taken at the beginning. The knee, corresponding to the evaluated ankle, was extended and put over a rigid 5-cm high support. Diabetes duration was respectively: group YD 5.5 ± 3.5 yr, ED 16.5 ± 10.6 yr; ND 18.2 ± 13.1 yr and NUD 13.7 ± 9.6 yr. The NUD group showed a more significant AJM reduction in DF and PF than all other groups (p < 0.005). The reduction was 40.1% compared to the EC group and 46.9% compared to the YC group (78.1 ± 18.4 vs 147.2 ± 19.1, 130.4 ± 15.1). Only the DF was significantly reduced in the NUD group compared to the ED group (p < 0.001). The YD had more reduced AJM in both movements compared to the young controls (YC) (p < 0.001) with PF more reduced than DF (30.9% vs 15.5%). Among patients and controls the elderly groups had significant reduction of only DF (EC vs YC p < 0.001; ED vs YD p < 0.05). As in previous studies, these results confirm that an AJM reduction of about 40% (28-32) in patients with diabetic neuropathy can be considered as a threshold for ulcer risk. The method used permits direct evaluation of AJM in plantar flexion that seems to show an early reduction in diabetic subjects, thereby providing useful information for patient monitoring., Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, Vol. 121, No. 1 (Supplement) 2016

Improvements in crop management for a more sustainable agriculture are fundamental to reduce environmental impacts of cropland and to mitigate effects on global climate change. In this study three fertilization types – ammonium nitrate (control); mineral fertilizer added with a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP)), and an organo-mineral fertilizer (OM) – were tested on a tomato crop in order to evaluate effects both on crop production and soil N2O emissions. Plants grown under OM fertilization had a greater relative growth rate compared to mineral fertilization, due to a higher net assimilation rate, which was related to a greater light interception rather than to a higher photosynthetic efficiency. OM fertilization determined the highest fruit production and lower soil N2O fluxes compared to NH4NO3, although the lowest soil N2O fluxes were found in response to mineral fertilizer added with a nitrification inhibitor. It can be concluded that organo-mineral fertilizer is a better nutrient source compared to mineral fertilizers able to improve crop yield and to mitigate soil N2O emission.

Purpose: Proper evaluation of polyphenols intake at the population level is a necessary step in order to establish possible associations with health outcomes. Available data are limited, and so far no study has been performed in people with diabetes. The aim of this work was to document the intake of polyphenols and their major food sources in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes and in socio-demographic subgroups. Methods: We studied 2573 men and women aged 50–75 years. Among others, anthropometry was measured by standard protocol and dietary habits were investigated by food frequency questionnaire (EPIC). The intake of polyphenols was evaluated using US Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. Results: The mean total polyphenol intake was 683.3 ± 5.8 mg/day. Non-alcoholic beverages represented the main food source of dietary polyphenols and provided 35.5% of total polyphenol intake, followed by fruits (23.0%), alcoholic beverages (14.0%), vegetables (12.4%), cereal products and tubers (4.6%), legumes (3.7%) and oils (2.1%); chocolate, cakes and nuts are negligible sources of polyphenols in this cohort. The two most important polyphenol classes contributing to the total intake were flavonoids (47.5%) and phenolic acids (47.4%). Polyphenol intake increased with age and education level and decreased with BMI; furthermore, in the northern regions of Italy, the polyphenol intake was slightly, but significantly higher than in the central or southern regions. Conclusions: The study documents for the first time the intake of polyphenols and their main food sources in people with diabetes using validated and complete databases of the polyphenol content of food. Compared with published data, collected in people without diabetes, these results suggest a lower intake and a different pattern of intake in people with diabetes. © 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

The detrimental environmental and health effects of NPS pollutants, even at low concentration, are chronic rather than acute. The NPS pollution are of greater environmental concern than point source polluttants because they are ubiquitous and the task of cleanup is costly and nearly impossible to accomplish. Less expensive pollution prevention strategies are preferred that advantageously anticipate and prevent NPS pollution before it occurs and avoid the future need for costly remediation efforts. Therefore, Best Management Practices (BMP) - policies and strategies, are needed to help reducing NPS pollution and thereby ensuring sustainability in food production. For all the reasons above described, the International Commettee of Irrigation and Drainage considered important to encourage the scientific community to give attention on the NPS issue and to bring to the fore the environmental problems involved in the different countries and the BMP. Although this invitation of the commettee to put attention on the theme a very limited number of countries responde to the call. Most of the responde to the themes were from Korea and China including full papers and abstracts (total of 59 contributions) , only one European country submit full papers and it was Italy outside Europe, Iran as well submit a full paper, one abstract submission comes from United State. The absence of responde from the National commettee is not encouranging and we should ask ourselves why this absence of response. I believe that the lack of response from various national committees is not a sign of the absence of NPS problem in their own country, but it is more linked to the current world economic moment in which, as well as other sectors, the scientific community is fighting to get founds.

Presentation of the Networking ideas for holistic approach oriented to sustainable Management and so to enlarge the cooperation with Chinese partener in several branch such as: research entities; local authorities; Chinese agricultural enterprises; chinese enterprises involved in plastic film products; Chinese enterpresis for agricultural farm supporting.

Dall'analisi del primo anno di cooperazione è emerso che il bacino a valle dell'invaso irriguo poteva essere suddiviso in 3 sezioni che si differenziavano per la concentrazione dell'acqua irrigua utilizzata, di origine sotterranea. Le 3 sezioni del bacino hanno salinità crescente da Sud a Nord dell'oasi. Gran parte dell'area del bacino ha colture di pieno campo e in alcune zone si alternano anche colture in serra. Le colture ampiamente diffuse nella zona sono risultate, tra le colture erbacee: mais e grano; tra le oleaginose Girasole, e tra le orticole si hanno, pomodoro, peperone, melone, anguria, finocchio selvatico, infine tra le foraggere , l'erba medica. Sulle zone individuate si è acquisito un database di dati metereologici, colturali e fisiologici che hanno consentito di poter applicare il modello SWAP. Al fine di applicare correttamente il modello si sono caratterizzati i 3 siti selezionati a scala di campo per applicare il modello SWAP. Questa caratterizzazione delle caratteristiche fisiche-chimiche , in particolare curva di ritenzione, porosità. Indice di stabilità degli aggregati, conducibilità elettrica dei suoli in pasta satura e water- holding capacity ha portato ai seguenti risultati: la porosità totale e l'indice di stabilità degli aggregati in acqua diminuisce con l'aumentare della salinità, la conducibilità elettrica in pasta satura aumenta con l'aumento della salinità dell'acqua irrigua. La water- holding capacity del suolo aumenta all'aumentare della concentrazione dell'acqua irrigua. Questa informazione abbinata alla conoscenza della curva di ritenzione dei suoli può aiutare la miglioramento della gestione irrigua . Le conoscenze di queste due caratteristiche idrologiche del suolo può mantenendo il contenuto idrico dei suoli vicino alla capacità di campo per periodi di tempo più lunghi ridurre lo stress idrico e salino nella stagione di crescita. I risultati delle simulazioni numeriche con SWAP hanno evidenziato che il trattamento a salinità bassa ha per un numero inferiori di giorni durante l'anno il contenuto di acqua disponibile più basso della curva di ritenzione sia che si consideri un anno secco che un anno umido. Invece il trattamento a più alta salinità resta per un maggior numero di giorni durante la stagione irrigua con valori di acqua disponibile inferiore alla curva di ritenzione idrica. I risultati sulla produzione nel caso delle simulazioni indicano anche che la resa sia in deficit idrico o salino o in entrambi, quindi in tutte le condizioni considerate, porta a rese più basse e ad una più bassa WUE.