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Copyright of China Synthetic Fiber Industry is the property of Sinopec Baling Petrochemical Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

India is often referred to as the next development superpower, and generally, becoming a large-scale industrialization center is seen as an achievable goal for the country. This article investigates the output elasticity, substitution elasticity, and technological advancement between the various factors (i.e., labor, capital, and energy use) in the industrial sector of India. To investigate the factor's productivity, a trans-log production function was applied; however, ridge regression was used to analyze the various parameters to check the multicollinearity issue. The results show that (1) the analyzed inputs are optimistic and return-to-scale averages of 1.18, 1.41, and 1.24 between labor, capital, and energy, respectively, are increasing; (2) the pairs substitution between labor--industrial energy utilization and capital--industrial energy consumption is found to be 0.96 and 0.98, respectively, on average, indicating that capital, labor, and energy are good substitutes that need more attention in the production process; and (3) the technological progress between factors ranges from -0.4 to 0.02, in which labor--energy and capital--energy utilizations provide quicker outcomes than a capital--labor utilization. Finally, the industrial sector can attain maximum productivity if capital and skilled labor are improved under the sustainable development goals, as energy and capital are optimized for maximum efficiency. Finally, energy substitution and low-carbon technological efforts can be better suited for attaining dual-carbon goals in the industrial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper innovatively defines the structure of human capital based on existing theories and use the heterogeneous stochastic frontier model to test the relationship between various types of human capital and innovation. It is found that with the progress of technology, the structure of human capital and the mechanism of promoting innovation have undergone profound changes. Together with commercial leasing human capital, financial human capital, and entrepreneurs, information human capital and transportation human capital participate in innovation activities and create a new collaborative space, which in turn helps to spread the value of innovation and influence the effectiveness of the entire innovation system. This study enriches the theoretical research on the mechanism of human capital promoting innovation in the information age and provides new insight to explain the imbalance between human capital input and innovation output. Based on the theory of innovation chain value and flow space, this study redefines the connotation of innovative human capital structure by distinguishing the nature of innovation activities. This study also reveals the difference in the influence of human capital structure on different types of innovation activities. This study partly explains the problem of increasing human capital input but decreasing innovation efficiency in developing countries. Therefore, from a macro perspective, our research provides guidance for understanding the transformation of innovation under the background of technological progress and formulating effective urban innovation strategies for managers. Plain language summary: Existing studies show that human capital is the core element of innovation activities, and the more human capital investment a country has, the stronger its innovation ability will be. However, there is still no consistent explanation of who promotes innovation and how. This makes it difficult for researchers to explain the problem of increasing human capital investment but decreasing innovation efficiency in some developing countries. This paper innovatively considers the impact of technological progress on innovation activities, and holds that technological progress changes the structure of human capital for innovation, thus affecting the efficiency of innovation. The analysis based on stochastic frontier model proves this view. The conclusion of empirical analysis shows that the total human capital input is not the more the better, but must pay attention to the structure, especially the information human capital and transportation human capital in innovation activities. But at the same time, this paper also believes that whether these two types of human capital will have a threshold effect on other types of human capital needs to be further discussed beyond this paper. This paper provides an enlightening perspective to explain the profound changes of innovation mechanism under the background of technological progress and promote the improvement of regional innovation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify the changes in the area of work content in a selected municipal enterprise in the following years: 2009, 2018 and 2023. Design/methodology/approach: The study presents the results of the analysis of the work content of jobs of the municipal company according to ALM model and job evaluation. In the observations carried out on the general population there were also used following methods: interview, document analysis and group discussion. Similar approach is commonly used in the analysis of changes in work content under the influence of technology in sectoral and economic research. However, there is little research showing the application of such an approach in relation to individual enterprises, particularly all positions in the enterprise. Findings: Potential for automation of manual jobs have been limited to the greatest extent in core activities, which may suggest that it is in this area that technical progress in work processes, especially manual jobs, is implemented first and relatively most intensively. Additionally, technological progress in work processes implemented in core and auxiliary activities limits routine manual jobs, but is associated with an increase in routine cognitive jobs. Research limitations/implications: (if applicable) The research assumed that the change in the content of work occurred as a result of technical progress, which is justified especially in the case of analysis of all organizational positions in the company. However, further research should directly investigate the impact of technological progress on changing job content especially in the cross-section of individual organizational units in the management and auxiliary areas of the enterprise. Practical implications: Identification the different specificity of the impact of technical progress on the content of work in individual areas of the company's activity. Empirical confirmation of the sequence of automating work within individual areas of the company's activities. Originality/value: While researches on changes in work content in the context of technical progress across economies and sectors are relatively common, in relation to the general population of employees in an enterprise it is rather absent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marx's account of technical progress has been criticized by philosophers as being a metanarrative, by ecological economists as being unduly strong, by economists as being unduly weak, and by post-Sraffian authors as being ill-founded. This article discusses Marx's account of technical progress in light of these criticisms on a conceptual, theoretical, and empirical level, relying on the apparatus of wage curves. It argues that some of the critiques cannot be sustained, since the criticized positions cannot be attributed to Marx. The remaining critiques, in turn, amount to alternative predictions on the evolution of wage curves which are, however, and in contrast to those of Marx, not in line with empirical evidence, as the estimation of wage curves for thirteen countries from 2000 to 2013 shows. JEL Classification : B14, B24, O33 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of low-carbon economic transformation, achieving a win-win situation for corporate green governance and employment is currently a challenge for China's development. While existing literature predominantly addresses the influencing factors on employment and the economic and environmental benefits of adopting green governance, limited attention is given to its social benefits, particularly its impact on employment. This paper addresses this gap by analyzing the influence of green governance on employment through the lenses of social identity theory and cost theory. Further, the paper builds a two-sector model including the polluting and non-polluting industry to verify the technical progress mechanism between green governance and employment. The model analysis suggests that, technical progress is an important channel connecting green governance and employment, and the technical progress mechanism varies between the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry. Empirically, utilizing firm-year financial and environmental data sourced from CSMAR and WIND databases, this study constructs a corporate green governance index employing the Janis-Fadner coefficient method. Total factor productivity is employed to gauge technical progress, with the DEA-Malmquist approach facilitating the decomposition of technical progress into technical and efficiency changes. Through OLS regression, the impact of green governance on employment is examined, with the mediating effect of technical progress tested. Empirical findings indicate a significantly positive relationship between corporate green governance and employment, with technical progress mediating this association.The conclusion is still valid after the robust test by considering the endogeneity of the model and replacing key variables. We also find a divergence between the mechanism of green governance impacting employment for the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry. Specifically, technical change shows a suppression effect in all sectors, while efficiency change has a positive mediating effect in the non-heavy pollution industry. This study contributes to the literature on the following three aspects. Firstly, the study extends existing concerns of economic and environmental to social benefits of corporate green governance. Secondly, the study provides a theoretical explanation for the underlying mechanism of technical progress. Thirdly, the study examines the heterogeneous effects of green governance on employment between the heavy pollution industry and non-heavy pollution industry. In conclusion, this paper sheds light on how corporate green governance promotes employment and its mechanism, and provides valuable implications for enterprises and policymakers to implement green governance and promote high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How can we explain the success of cooperative networks of firms which share innovations, such as Silicon Valley or the Open Source community? This paper shows that if innovations are cumulative, making an invention publicly available to a network of firms may be valuable if the firm expects to benefit from future improvements made by other firms. A cooperative equilibrium where all innovations are made public is shown to exist under certain conditions. Furthermore, such an equilibrium does not rest on punishment strategies being followed after a deviation: it is optimal not to deviate regardless of another firm's actions following a deviation. A cooperative equilibrium is more likely to arise the greater the number of firms in the network. When R&D effort is endogenous, cooperative equilibria are associated with strategic complementarities between firms' research effort, which may lead to multiple equilibria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objectives of this study are to estimate the biased technical progress in China considering heterogeneity in human capital and labor force, examine how this heterogeneity quantitatively impacts the elasticity of substitution and biased technical progress compared to homogeneous labor assumptions, and compare the growth rates of human capital-augmenting and labor-augmenting technical progress. The estimation procedure involves a constrained Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) using provincial-level panel data from 1985 to 2021. By comparing results with and without accounting for labor force heterogeneity and human capital, the analysis quantifies their impact on the estimated elasticity of substitution between factors and the magnitude and direction of technical bias. Results found that the elasticity of capital-labor (human capital) substitution is between 0.7 and 0.8, and the elements are generally complementary. Although it does not affect the overall trend of elasticity of substitution and biased technical progress, the heterogeneity of human capital and labor force has a quantitative impact on them. It means that the elasticity of substitution increased, and the biased technological progress decreased. Moreover, the growth rate of human capital-augmenting technical progress was significantly lower than that of labor-augmenting technological progress. This study estimates the biased technical progress in China, where the human capital and labor force are heterogeneous. The findings suggest that policymakers should prioritize human capital investments and technological upgrades in industries to rebalance China's technical progress and boost productivity growth.

Innovations are an integral element of the development of economic units, including farms. The main aim of the research was to identify and characterize the implemented innovations and methods of managing them on farms. The research was carried out on the basis of an original survey questionnaire addressed to 80 owners of farms from the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. The research was carried out between June and November 2020. Research results have shown that innovations in agriculture are implemented mainly for economic reasons. Important reasons for these activities are the desire to achieve higher income, farm development, increase in efficiency and decrease in labor intensity. The most frequently indicated external barriers when trying to implement innovations were difficulties in obtaining the necessary funds, and internal ones: fear of failure and insufficient level of own funds. After implementing the innovation, farmers observed an increase in production capacity and a decrease in labor intensity. Thanks to innovations, many respondents were able to expand the area of their operations and influence the development of their farms.

Copyright of Revista de Economía is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Improving the factor income distribution is a crucial issue in the field of income inequality. Using large-scale data from China's National Tax Survey from 2008 to 2016, this paper examines the impact of the implementation of the Social Insurance Law on firms' labor share and its mechanisms. The results show that the Social Insurance Law significantly reduces firms' labor share. Although it increases the firms' social insurance rate and total amount of social insurance contributions, firms respond by reducing the number of employed labors and net wages to mitigate rising labor costs, as well as adopting alternative technological advancement patterns and capital deepening behavior, leading to a reduction in labor share. The weakening effects of Social Insurance Law primarily exist in non-SOEs, and MSEs, and firms faced with higher financial constraints and located in lower judicial quality areas. Our study suggests that stronger social security collection could account for the decline in labor share worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many mountainous regions in Europe, including their tourism sectors, show a high degree of economic specialization. The ski tourism industry forms part of the long-standing economic success of the French Alps. Over the past 20 years, snowmaking has become a key feature of ski tourism, but future climate change will decrease its effectiveness as an adaptation solution to natural snow cover reduction. However, the ski tourism industry does not seem to be intent on stopping its investment in snowmaking, which raises the question of its dependence on this technology. In this study, we employ the path development framework to examine how snowmaking development has oriented decision-making to ensure the future of the French ski tourism industry. We analysed 38 in-depth semi-directive interviews and key financial figures from the French alpine ski tourism industry. Our results show that technical progress and specific investments in snowmaking have deeply transformed the management of ski resorts. Our finding is that snowmaking spurred ski lift operators to pursue specialization in the ski tourism industry. However, because of its ambivalent effects on the ski tourism industry, we view snowmaking development both as path extension and as path contraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists is the property of Polish Association of Agricultural & Agribusiness Economists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of vegetable production efficiency in China using input–output data from 30 provinces spanning 2011 to 2017. By incorporating environmental pollution costs as undesirable outputs alongside vegetable output value, we employ Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with the Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (BCC) model and the Malmquist index model. Our assessment reveals both annual and inter-period efficiency changes. The findings highlight a modest overall efficiency in China's vegetable production and significant regional disparities. Technical progress emerges as a pivotal determinant of total factor productivity (TFP). Recognizing these dynamics, we propose policy recommendations that prioritize technical innovation, sustainable practices, rural infrastructure enhancement, and specialized cultivation methods. Implementing these recommendations could bolster China's position in international trade negotiations due to increased exports and potentially drive broader environmental policy reforms. As vegetable production becomes more efficient and sustainable, there might be a shift in labor needs, potentially leading to migration patterns or changes in employment structures. These insights contribute to the sustainable development of China's vegetable industry, offering a broader understanding of the dynamics of agricultural efficiency in the context of environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Most papers show that the Paris Agreement (PA) has led to decline in global emissions. • However, it is not clear whether this is due to efficiency gains or economic decline. • We adopt a treatment method to study impact of the PA on global emissions intensity. • Our results show a 4.1% decline in global emissions intensity driven by the PA. • We also find that some countries might be too poor to achieve reductions under the PA. Dozens of studies point to evidence of significant reductions in carbon emissions driven by climate agreements, such as the Paris climate agreement. However, these studies fail to answer a pertinent question, that is, are global carbon emission reductions due to reduced production activities or are production processes becoming more efficient as less carbon is emitted per unit output due to technical progress? Such an understanding is important to evaluate the tension between environmental quality and economic growth. Therefore, drawing on difference-in-differences approaches, our results suggest a significant decline in global carbon emission intensity due to the 2015 Paris climate agreement, which is estimated at a 4.1% reduction on average over the sample period. Our evidence also shows that while some countries may be too poor to generate meaningful outcomes from climate agreements, the associated rate of reduction in carbon intensity in others tends to decline above a certain income threshold. These results imply that although there has been a worldwide increase in production efficiency and technical progress, at least owing to the Paris climate agreement, reaching net zero carbon emissions globally requires new approaches, especially for the very poor countries relative the ones at the top of the income ladder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) is a three-dimensional (3d) imaging method at the mesoscopic level. The whole-brain of mice can be imaged at a high resolution of 0.32 × 0.32 × 1.00 μm3. It is useful for revealing the fine morphology of intact organ tissue, even for positioning the single vessel connected with a complicated vascular network across different brain regions in the whole mouse brain. Featuring its 3d visualization of whole-brain cross-scale connections, fMOST has a vast potential to decipher brain function and diseases. This article begins with the background of fMOST technology including a widespread 3D imaging methods comparison and the basic technical principal illustration, followed by the application of fMOST in cerebrovascular research and relevant vascular labeling techniques applicable to different scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We start from Robinson's article on Harrod's Dynamic Economics and her criticism that technological change was exogenous: 'in Mr. Harrod's world, technical progress falls like the gentle dew from heaven and is not susceptible to any economic influence'. Throughout her work she highlighted the endogenous sources of technological progress and growth and pre-empted both the National Systems of Innovation (NSI) literature and New Growth Theory (NGT), where the latter (NGT) appears to be neither new, nor able to explain innovation, growth and convergence trajectories. We also show that the productivity slowdown in advanced economies is explained by a fall in the wage share, a drop in the rate of accumulation of capital and prioritisation of incentives for R&D over policy instruments to diffuse innovation. While for developing economies, the failure of neoclassical economics to resolve the paradox of promoting market incentives for diffusion, while protecting intellectual property rights, implies an inevitable slowing of convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon neutrality attracts worldwide attention due to its significance and urgency. Anthropogenic emission reduction and terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks are the two main paths to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. However, in current studies, both are usually regarded as independent systems to conduct separate carbon function research. It is necessary to compare their contributions across sectors within the same emission reduction framework. Therefore, the paper takes Chongqing, China as an example and applies the carbon coefficient method to compare terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks with anthropogenic carbon emissions in the same land structure and carbon sectors. Then, the scenario assumption is adopted to assess their contribution and impact in 2030 and 2060 to achieve carbon neutrality. Several conclusions are drawn: (1) Terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks offset 3.45% of anthropogenic emissions in 2018, of which forest ecosystems contributed significantly. (2) Construction land played a decisive role in carbon emissions, which are constantly consolidated and deepened. Fossil energy is the main carbon source. (3) All scenarios can reduce emissions. The effect of energy structure transformation is the most prominent, but the benefits of expanding forest area and reducing waste disposal are small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2013, the National Energy Administration approved the establishment of Fuling national shale gas demonstration area (hereinafter referred to as the demonstration area), whose construction was completed in December 2015. After nearly one decade of development, it has grown into the main shale gas production base in China. In order to speed up the integration and breakthrough of China's shale gas theoretical understanding and exploration and development technology and effectively promote the great development of marine shale gas in China, this paper reviews and summarizes the development and construction history of the demonstration area, geological theory understanding, engineering technology and key equipment progress. And based on this, the future development direction of the demonstration area is predicted. And the following research results are obtained. First, shale gas exploration and development in the demonstration area is divided into three stages, i.e., exploration evaluation, phase I and II construction, and stacked development and adjustment. Second, the “binary enrichment” theory for marine shale gas and the engineering theory for efficiently developing gas reservoirs are innovatively established. Third, a series of supporting technologies are innovatively developed, such as optimized and fast drilling technology for shale gas cluster horizontal wells, differentiated network fracturing technology, high-efficiency gas production, gathering and transportation technology, and green development technology for karst mountains, and the localization of key equipment and tools is realized. Fourth, the efficient development of shallow overpressure shale gas reservoirs above 3500 m in depth and the effective development of shale gas reservoirs at the depth of 3500–4000 m are realized in the demonstration area. Fifth, the construction of the demonstration area in the future includes accelerating the development of normal-pressure deep shale gas, continuously tackling key shale gas EOR technologies, actively promoting the field application of new technologies and methods, and powerfully strengthening the construction of green demonstration areas. In conclusion, this demonstration area is the earliest one of four national shale gas demonstration areas, and its achievements will provide continuous guidance for the shale gas exploration and development in China and play a demonstrative and guiding role in promoting the development of shale gas geological theories and exploration and development technologies in China.

Copyright of Moneta e Credito is the property of Associazione Economia Civile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the gradual development and construction of oil and gas fields, the surface engineering technology is constantly improved. Herein, the major innovation achievements of CNPC in oil-gas field surface engineering were analyzed systematically. The progress of technologies such as oilfield gathering and processing, gas field gathering and processing, produced water processing, injection and production of gas storage, quality and efficiency improvement, standardized design, and integrity was clarified in detail. The situation faced by CNPC's oil and gas field surface engineering and the gap between China and foreign countries in gathering and processing technology of crude oil and natural gas were analyzed, and the developing trend of CNPC's oil and gas field surface engineering technology during the 14th Five-Year Plan period was put forward. Focusing on ensuring the national energy security and accelerating the transformation of energy structure, breakthroughs should be made in the surface bottleneck and intelligent key technologies that restrict the efficient development, the surface supporting technology for major development test should be improved and integrated, and the localization of key equipment should be cultivated in the future to form a process package with independent intellectual property rights, and develop the low-carbon core technologies, such as new energy substitution, CCUS and whole hydrogen energy industry chain technology. The research results could provide important reference for the green and low-carbon development of oil and gas field surface engineering.

L’articolo commemora la vita intellettuale di Luigi Pasinetti, purtroppo scomparso alla fine del mese di gennaio di quest’anno. Vengono presentate e discusse le fasi salienti dei suoi studi e dei suoi contributi scientifici culminati nell’opera Structural Change and Economic Growth pubblicata nel 1981. Nell’articolo si mostra come Pasinetti avesse sviluppato le idee principali che guideranno la sua ricerca già tra la fine degli anni Cinquanta e i primi anni Sessanta del secolo scorso. In questo contesto viene evidenziata l’importanza dirompente della sua teoria concernente i processi produttivi verticalmente integrati e come questa rappresenti uno sviluppo positivo rispetto ai dibattiti riguardo alla teoria neoclassica del capitale e della distribuzione. Si conclude sottolineando la coerenza tra l’approccio teorico di Pasinetti e la sua filosofia morale incentrata sulla priorità del lavoro sul capitale.

The energy consumption and carbon emission of the service industry should not be ignored. In order to achieve green and low-carbon development, improving the carbon productivity of the service industry is an extremely important method, and technical progress is a key path to improving the carbon productivity of the service industry. This paper decomposes the technical progress of China’s service industry into technical progress of non-energy factors and technical progress of energy factor, and analyzes the impact and action mechanism of these two technical progress on the carbon productivity of China’s service industry respectively from the theoretical and empirical perspectives. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: From 2003 to 2019, technical progress had a significant positive impact on the carbon productivity of China’s service industry. The influence coefficients of technical progress of non-energy factors and technical progress of energy factor are 0.285 and 0.306. In terms of the type of technical progress, the technical progress of energy factor has a greater impact. The technical progress of non-energy factors and energy factor have a significant promoting effect on the improvement of carbon productivity of service industry in all regions of China. In Eastern, central and Western China, the influence coefficients of the former are 0.318, 0.289 and 0.266, and the influence coefficients of the latter are 0.352, 0.296 and 0.273. The mechanism test finds that the technical progress of non-energy factors and energy factor directly affect the carbon productivity of China’s service industry on the one hand, and indirectly affect the carbon productivity of China’s service industry through the production efficiency and energy use efficiency of the service industry on the other hand.

Improving the green innovation efficiency of the Yellow River Basin is an important way to achieve high-quality development. In order to provide reference for the implementation of ecological protection and high-quality development in all provinces (regions) of the Yellow River Basin, nine provinces of the Yellow River Basin were taken as research objects, and the super efficiency model Super-SBM was used to calculate the green innovation efficiency of nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2019. The Malmquist index method was used to calculate the total factor productivity change index, indirectly analyzed the dynamic change of total factor productivity of green innovation efficiency in the Yellow River Basin and analyzed the influencing factors of green innovation efficiency in the Yellow River Basin by using Tobit model. The results show that a) the average green innovation efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is 0.909, close to the DEA effective level; the green innovation efficiency of each province (region) varies greatly, which is generally shown as the following: downstream provinces > upstream provinces > middle provinces; in 2019, except Ningxia and Shaanxi, other provinces (regions) have reached the DEA effective level. b) From 2010 to 2019, the total factor productivity change index of the Yellow River Basin is greater than 1, and the average value of the period is 1.139; the total factor productivity of green innovation in the Yellow River Basin, except for Ningxia, shows an overall fluctuating upward trend. Qinghai, Sichuan and Shaanxi are the provinces with rapid growth, while Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and Gansu are the provinces with slower growth. c) Economic development has a certain negative impact on the green innovation efficiency of the Yellow River Basin. Government support has no significant effect on improving the green innovation efficiency of the Yellow River Basin. The maturity of the technology market and the level of opening up have a positive impact on the green innovation efficiency. It is suggested to attach importance to regional balanced development, accelerate the upgrading of green innovation technology level of enterprises, adhere to the strategy of opening up to the outside world, enhance the effectiveness of government supervision, and comprehensively promote the improvement of green innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises in the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ensayos de Economia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Estudios del Siglo XVIII is the property of Instituto Feijoo de Estudios del Siglo XVIII (Universidad de Oviedo) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affects the development of the tourism and hospitality industry. Tourism practitioners are faced with a strategic dilemma between technical innovations for reducing labour cost, or adopting cheap labour substitution strategy due to the wave of unemployment brought by the pandemic. Using a constant elasticity substitution production function, this study explores the different technical progress choices in the tourism and hospitality industry globally during the period of pre- and post-pandemic. Results show that tourism and hospitality companies in most countries and regions have experienced a deep technical progress during the pandemic. Different regions show a vast disparity in technical change directions according to their economic capabilities. The unbalanced development of tourism economy between developed and developing countries will be more outstanding due to the technical gap in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the impact of economic growth on Vietnam's marine fisheries and the effectiveness of government policies in promoting sustainability. Despite impressive economic growth, environmental concerns have become urgent and require serious consideration in Vietnam. The Vietnamese government has implemented policies to reduce over-exploitation in coastal areas and improve the efficiency of offshore fishing, but unsustainable practices and illegal fishing remain significant problems. This study examines the effects of transitioning from a centrally-planned economy to a 'socialist-oriented' market economy on the productivity and efficiency of Vietnam's marine fisheries. The main focus is on productivity changes, with additional consideration given to technical progress, environmental changes, and management practices. The findings shed light on the complex relationships between economic development, environmental sustainability, and marine fisheries in Vietnam. The study highlights the importance of sustainable practices and effective government policies in promoting the sustainability of the country's marine fisheries. This article provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders concerned with the sustainability of marine resources in Vietnam and beyond. • Transition to a socialist-oriented market economy impacts Vietnam's marine fisheries. • Catch growth depends on labor and fishing capacity, with labor having a slight advantage. • Environmental factors and scale effects adversely affect total factor productivity (TFP) growth. • Urgent measures are needed to promote the sustainability of the country's marine fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of vegetable production efficiency in China using input–output data from 30 provinces spanning 2011 to 2017. By incorporating environmental pollution costs as undesirable outputs alongside vegetable output value, we employ Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with the Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (BCC) model and the Malmquist index model. Our assessment reveals both annual and inter-period efficiency changes. The findings highlight a modest overall efficiency in China’s vegetable production and significant regional disparities. Technical progress emerges as a pivotal determinant of total factor productivity (TFP). Recognizing these dynamics, we propose policy recommendations that prioritize technical innovation, sustainable practices, rural infrastructure enhancement, and specialized cultivation methods. Implementing these recommendations could bolster China’s position in international trade negotiations due to increased exports and potentially drive broader environmental policy reforms. As vegetable production becomes more efficient and sustainable, there might be a shift in labor needs, potentially leading to migration patterns or changes in employment structures. These insights contribute to the sustainable development of China’s vegetable industry, offering a broader understanding of the dynamics of agricultural efficiency in the context of environmental sustainability.

Globalization has produced changes that have fostered technical progress and competition in the hotel business. Two factors are responsible for the success of business in the hotel industry: management and high quality of services. Human resources management represents a new segment of managing and organizing business activities, ie a new method of considering employees and their potentials in the health and tourism center. This paper aims to determine the impact of human resource management on health and motivation, the effect of incentives for motivation, the effect of health and safety on employee performance and the effect of motivation on employee performance.

This paper aims to discuss the differences in the treatment of technical pro-gress determinants, therefore, productivity and economic growth in Celso Furtado’s work. Two of his major books are compared in detail: Desenvolvimento e subdesen­volvimento [Development and underdevelopment] from 1961, and Criatividade e de­pendência na civilização industrial [Creativity and dependency in the industrial civili­zation] from 1978. The general argument is that the differences in Furtardo’s interpretation related to technical progress determinants in these two books are an important aspect of the author’s ideas’ evolution and can illuminate the impor-tant changes in his theoretical perspectives that occurred during the 1970s.

Currently, Pakistan is in a stage of urbanization and industrialization, raising its energy demand and supply and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2Es) due to the excessive use of fossil fuels. In meeting future demand and supply predictions, much emphasis should be given to both energy consumption and the level of inter-factor and inter-fuel substitution possibilities. Specifically, future outcomes for energy demand are more valid when production models contemplate substitution elasticity occurring during the period. To analyze the potential for little reliance on fossil fuels and diminish CO2Es, the present research has examined the potential for the substitution of energy and non-energy factors (i.e., natural gas, electricity, petroleum, labor, and capital) by using translog productions function over the period between 1986–2019. The ridge regression method is applied to evade the multicollinearity issue in the data. The model analyzes the output elasticity, substitution elasticity, technical progress, and carbon emission scenarios. The results show that the output elasticities are growing, presenting that the contribution of all factors adds to economic growth. The inputs between capital-petroleum, capital-electricity, labor-electricity, capital-natural gas, and natural gas-electricity are extreme substitutes. These substitutes are increasing capital growth and production sizes. The relative difference in technical progress shows a small positive change between 3–7% with convergence evident. Lastly, the investment scenarios under 5% and 10% investment in petroleum reduction are evidence that the CO2Es would reduce by 7.5 Mt and 10.43 Mt under scenario 1 and 7.0 Mt and 10.9 Mt under scenario 2. The results have broader suggestions for energy-conserving policies, particularly under the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, we consider special cases of technological progress and social dystopia studied by Yuri Lotman from the point of view of the inhabitants of the first quarter of the twenty-first century. The analysis is illustrated by works of literary fiction: Kazuo Ishiguro's dystopian novels Never Let Me Go (2005) and Klara and the Sun (2021). Among the central issues discussed are the limits of technological progress, the ethics of the relationship between man and a highly intelligent artificial device, the revival of archaic models of human consciousness, the prospect of (im)possible worlds. At the end of the article, we point out the problem of maintaining the ethical memory of mankind as the mission of a scientist and humanities writer, indicated by Lotmanian perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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