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Space is often produced digitally before it is produced physically. This article investigates how the right to the city can be broadened to include the appropriation of digital spaces to produce 'lived' transportation spaces. Focussing on mobilisation against highway expansion in Dallas, Texas, we ask the following: (1) what are the mechanisms through which space is conceived, perceived, and lived through the lens of mobility justice; (2) how might claims for technical information challenge dominant transportation policies and projects; and (3) how might participants inhabit digital spaces? We conduct a qualitative analysis of transportation planning narratives, visualisations, and public comments in three documents: the Dallas City Center Master Assessment Process, Coalition for a New Dallas' I-345/45 Framework Plan, and public survey data regarding proposed highway changes (n = 1241). Findings demonstrate how residents challenge transportation 'needs' as often determined in conceptual planning spaces. Further, technologies can be appropriated to produce differential spaces, which can alter the trajectory of highway projects. Challenging the legitimacy of institutionalised knowledge through the appropriation and production of digital spaces forms part of a larger claim to the right of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past years, new photovoltage (solar panel) systems have been installed rapidly, for instance, in regular households. Investment decisions have often been made without knowing all technical facts and information, which are affecting total energy production of photovoltage systems. In this work, we have made a simple model, which shows solar panels energy production with the different orientation angles of solar panel. Our results show that if panels are installed more than 30 degrees from the optimal orientation, the energy production drops drastically. This result applies to both azimuth and tilt angles. The developed model is very adaptive, and it can use any locations and all orientation angles. We confirm our calculation result by making a measurement with a small (30 W) test solar panel. The model and measurement results have a good relationship (correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.7). The obtained result is satisfactory by taking into account the fact that measurements were made during the variable weather conditions and over long period of time (six months). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources poses new challenges for operating distribution systems, as high penetration levels are causing adverse grid impacts. In this context, active grid regulation, such as the smart inverters functions recommended in IEEE 1547–2018, has become necessary. In this regard, advanced monitoring techniques, such as state estimation, are promising alternatives to enhance the operation of active distribution networks. However, the lack of reliable information is a technical limitation for applying estimation algorithms to distribution circuits. Therefore, knowledge of the control mode of distributed energy resources may be valuable information to enhance the accuracy of the estimates. This paper proposes to include the volt-var smart inverter function in WLS three-phase state estimation via iterative adjustment. The volt-var control variables are introduced as pseudo-measurements in the first stage, and the second one ensures the control and state variables' compliance with the control model. The validation and benefits of the proposed method are presented via simulation results in the IEEE 34-node test feeder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of digital technologies in managing technical and design information is transforming architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) processes within educational institutions. Despite this, construction education lacks practical, interactive learning tools, and there is insufficient collaboration between academia and the construction industry. To address these challenges, the CAMPUS 2.0 project at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana developed a web-based platform that integrates building information modeling (BIM) and gamification elements. This platform improves project coordination, facilitates interdisciplinary learning, and enhances the management of technical and design information for campus buildings. CAMPUS 2.0 also promotes collaboration and active user engagement, filling a critical gap in the practical tools in construction education. This study assesses the usability of CAMPUS 2.0 among 235 students, teachers, and staff members, demonstrating a positive impact on the university community. The findings provide insights into how digital tools can improve project management, interdisciplinary collaboration, and knowledge sharing within educational settings, offering broader implications for other institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saffron, the dried stigma of the Crocus sativus L. flower, is a highly valuable spice widely used in the Mediterranean and West and South Asia. The stability and quality of saffron are influenced by factors such as harvest conditions, post-harvest handling, and storage. This review addressed technical information gaps and provided guidelines for optimizing saffron drying to ensure the best quality. It covered diverse drying methods, including hot air-dryer, vacuum oven dryer, electric oven drying, hybrid photovoltaic-thermal dryer, infrared dryer, microwave dryer, refractance-window drying, freeze drying, and fluidized bed dryer, emphasizing their impact on the drying process and final product quality. The review also discussed the theory of saffron dehydration and summarized experimental findings from the past few decades. Additionally, it integrated important aspects of saffron production and processing, such as harvesting and pretreatments like pulsed electric field and cold plasma, highlighting the need to control temperature, humidity, and airflow to preserve saffron's valuable bioactive compounds and sensory properties. Ultimately, this comprehensive review aimed to inform and guide saffron producers and researchers in selecting and optimizing drying techniques to maintain and enhance the quality of this precious spice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human pesticide exposure remains a significant issue, impacting both the environment and human health. Occupational pesticide exposure is primarily linked to improper worker practices, often due to a lack of knowledge or difficulty interpreting label information and other technical aspects of pesticide application. This systematic review aims to identify the pesticides most used by agricultural workers, the symptoms they experience due to exposure, and the GHS hazard statements on these pesticide labels. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the search identified 16 articles addressing health effects associated with the most frequently used pesticides. These studies predominantly come from Asia (68.8%), Africa (25%), and America (6.2%), with most pesticides being outside the list approved by the EC. Related symptoms were reported in 80 to 100% of the studies that included these pesticides. An evident relationship has been identified between GHS hazard statements and associated symptoms for certain pesticides. Therefore, companies and public authorities must collaborate to improve workers' training, particularly in reading and interpreting product labels. Additionally, they must thoroughly explain the risks associated with improper pesticide practices and application to safeguard workers' health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the foundational principles and protocols that guide the development, implementation and use of encryption and their relevance and impact on technology law and policy. It first focuses on the technical aspects of encryption and explains the meanings of key terms and the different kinds and uses of this technology. It then expounds on the technical principles and protocols of encryption including information security, openness, provable security, and its adversarial nature. The article thereafter analyses the significance and import of these standards and rules on the proposed ghost protocol in encrypted messaging services and encryption law and policy more generally. It argues that technical principles such as information security, primacy of keys and resistance to attacks should be recognised and upheld in the development and adoption of encryption regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Content issues are the focus of the problems we encounter in reports presented to business stakeholders. While such reports contain a lot of technical information, the cognitive and memory retention aspects are often neglected The findings of this research are the following: (a) Companies should reconsider their reporting guidelines on the use of color that optimizes perception, (b) Reports should not use unnecessary design elements, (c) Red and green are suitable for color gradients, (d) When used correctly, color is a powerful feature in performance measurement systems. Enables the depiction of complex content and supports the accurate transfer of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hexane (called 'technical hexane' in this report) is authorised for use as an extraction solvent in the production of foodstuffs and food ingredients under Directive 2009/32/EC. Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA assessed the need for a re‐evaluation of its safety, which was addressed by the Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) in 1996. To this end, EFSA focused on the composition of technical hexane, its established and potential toxicological adverse effects and the potential exposure of consumers. Technical hexane is defined in the Directive as 'a commercial product consisting essentially of acyclic saturated hydrocarbons containing six carbon atoms and distilling between 64°C and 70°C'. Specifications, including the identity and fraction of constituents, are not defined. n‐Hexane is reported to be the main constituent. Impurities may be of concern, as they may be transferred to the extracted food, depending on their physicochemical properties and the extraction procedure. An exposure assessment based on regulatory limits showed that the exposure of infants, toddlers and other children may be higher than that considered by the SCF. Regarding genotoxicity, EFSA reiterated the absence of concern. The information provided by the 90‐day study in rats considered by the SCF was no longer considered sufficient to adequately conclude on the safety of technical hexane. Moreover, as n‐hexane is absorbed in humans, additional toxicity studies exploring more end points may be needed. A scoping literature search showed that recent toxicological information on the safety of technical hexane is available, although its relevance was not appraised during this activity. EFSA concluded that there is a need for a re‐evaluation of the safety of the use of technical hexane as an extraction solvent in the production of foodstuffs and food ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter of the New York City Panel on Climate Change 4 (NPCC4) report discusses the many intersecting social, ecological, and technological‐infrastructure dimensions of New York City (NYC) and their interactions that are critical to address in order to transition to and secure a climate‐adapted future for all New Yorkers. The authors provide an assessment of current approaches to "future visioning and scenarios" across community and city‐level initiatives and examine diverse dimensions of the NYC urban system to reduce risk and vulnerability and enable a future‐adapted NYC. Methods for the integration of community and stakeholder ideas about what would make NYC thrive with scientific and technical information on the possibilities presented by different policies and actions are discussed. This chapter synthesizes the state of knowledge on how different communities of scholarship or practice envision futures and provides brief descriptions of the social‐demographic and housing, transportation, energy, nature‐based, and health futures and many other subsystems of the complex system of NYC that will all interact to determine NYC futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increase in renewable power generation sources, flexible operation is being required for large-capacity coal-fired power plants. Fatigue needs to be considered because the possibility of fatigue damage to equipment increases compared with rated operation. Existing studies qualitatively analyzed the impact on power generation facilities, and quantitative comparison studies were not conducted. Accordingly, this study comparatively analyzed the impact of flexible operation methods on the lifetime of boiler headers. Finite element analysis models were created to analyze stress in transient operation conditions, and fatigue rupture life was derived using fatigue test data from previous research. Then, as a result of assessing the fatigue life according to design criteria, the low load operation mode was confirmed to have a fatigue life 2.57 to 4.61 times longer than the start & stop mode. This study is intended to provide technical information for decision-making on flexible operation methods of power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) may involve complications. We aimed to review the demographic data, indications, technical information, and complications. Methods: Data for TPE procedures (TPEPs) performed between 2004 and 2018 were retrospectively. Results: This study covered 2505 TPEPs performed on 338 patients; 55% of them were female (n = 186), and the median age was 36 years (range, 11–93 years). Most TPEPs were administered for hematological (40.6%) indications. The incidence of complications on the first procedure was 3.2% (n = 80); only 16 procedures (0.6%) were failed. The complication incidence was 19.8% (n = 497), with 789 total complications. Most of the complications were patient‐related (90.4%), and the most of them were urticaria (29.1%), occlusion (3.2%), and faulty systems (1.01%), respectively. The use of only fresh frozen plasma as replacement fluid caused a higher complication rate (22.1%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The number of TPEPs is increasing every day. Hematologic indications for TPE and the use of fresh frozen plasma may increase the risk of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Featured Application: Our work provides reliable technical support for the information extraction of pig diseases in Chinese. It can be applied toother domain-specific fields, thereby facilitating seamless adaptation for named entity identification across diverse contexts. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental and pivotal stage in the development of various knowledge-based support systems, including knowledge retrieval and question-answering systems. In the domain of pig diseases, Chinese NER models encounter several challenges, such as the scarcity of annotated data, domain-specific vocabulary, diverse entity categories, and ambiguous entity boundaries. To address these challenges, we propose PDCNER, a Pig Disease Chinese Named Entity Recognition method leveraging lexicon-enhanced BERT and contrastive learning. Firstly, we construct a domain-specific lexicon and pre-train word embeddings in the pig disease domain. Secondly, we integrate lexicon information of pig diseases into the lower layers of BERT using a Lexicon Adapter layer, which employs char–word pair sequences. Thirdly, to enhance feature representation, we propose a lexicon-enhanced contrastive loss layer on top of BERT. Finally, a Conditional Random Field (CRF) layer is employed as the model's decoder. Experimental results show that our proposed model demonstrates superior performance over several mainstream models, achieving a precision of 87.76%, a recall of 86.97%, and an F1-score of 87.36%. The proposed model outperforms BERT-BiLSTM-CRF and LEBERT by 14.05% and 6.8%, respectively, with only 10% of the samples available, showcasing its robustness in data scarcity scenarios. Furthermore, the model exhibits generalizability across publicly available datasets. Our work provides reliable technical support for the information extraction of pig diseases in Chinese and can be easily extended to other domains, thereby facilitating seamless adaptation for named entity identification across diverse contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topography critically affects the occurrence of soil erosion, and computing slope spectrum information entropy (SSIE) allows for the convenient mirroring of the patterns of macroscopic topographic variation. However, whether SSIE can be effectively utilized for the quantitative assessment of soil erosion across various types of water-erosion areas and the specific methodology for its application remain unclear. This study focused on the quantitative relationship between SSIE, the slope length and slope steepness (LS) factor within various types of water-erosion areas across different spatial scales in China using multi-source geographic information data and technical tools such as remote sensing and geographic information systems. The results revealed (1) clear consistency in the spatial patterns of SSIE and the LS factor, which both displayed a distinct three-step distribution pattern from south to north. (2) The power model (Y = A·X^B) demonstrated a superior capacity to explaining the relationship between SSIE and the LS factors compared to the linear or exponential models, as evidenced by a higher coefficient of determination (R2). R2 values of different evaluation units (second-grade water-erosion area, third-grade water-erosion area, 30 km × 30 km grid, and 15 km × 15 km grid) were 0.88, 0.88, 0.81, and 0.79, respectively. (3) Despite a range of variances across various spatial scale evaluation units and different types of water-erosion areas, no significant disparities were evident within the power model. These findings offer a new topographic factor that can be incorporated into models designed for the expedited evaluation of soil erosion rates across water-erosion areas. Information about the proximity of the SSIE to the LS factor is valuable for enhancing the practical utilization of SSIE in the quantitative evaluation of soil erosion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Similarity metrics are critical to identifying the relationships between patents. While many bibliometric methods such as co-citation and co-classification fail to use the vast majority of technical information existing in the text, most text mining methods focus on keywords in only one text field of the patent document. This article aims to leverage various text fields to measure pairwise patent similarity according to their technological bases. A novel approach called semantic embedding with attention for patent similarity (SEA-PS) is proposed. First, the method identifies technological bases and models the semantic relatedness. To achieve this, we put forward an additional patent stop-word list to help extract technical terms with an n -gram-based statistical method. The technical terms are then mapped into a vector space using word embedding. Second, we propose a graph-based method to allocate weights to distinguish the technical focus, considering the linkages between technologies. Finally, we assess the feasibility of the text fields, and integrate their semantics at the patent-level with an attention layer to conduct similarity metrics. The validations are from two perspectives: content validity (coverage of technical information, the validity of semantic representations and effectiveness of text field combinations), and external validity against existing methods via an expert panel. The results demonstrate the superiority of SEA-PS to existing methods, and suggest that 'abstracts', 'claims' and 'technical descriptions' are more effective than 'titles'. SEA-PS is a fundamental tool for patent retrieval and classification. It also has a broad range of practical applications in innovation and strategy studies, including identifying technological frontiers and studying knowledge spillovers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile printing processes consist of the localised application of colour on textile substrates to obtain well‐defined designs and patterns. Currently, there are many textile printing techniques; however, the limitations and selectivity of these techniques still keep the printing method of rotary screen printing the most important and used among them. One of the advantages of rotary printing is its excellent application versatility, which can be used for any fabric and non‐wovens, fibre, or mixtures, with high production speed, quality, colour fastness, and definition. However, due to its high complexity, rotary printing requires great technical knowledge. Rotary printing requires specific application care depending on the fabric structure, fibrous composition, grammage, and type of intended effect. Regardless of the technique used, printed articles need to ensure that the colour remains attached to the substrate, either by direct dye–fibre or indirect pigment–binder–fibre bonding, to resist the conditions of use, that is, light, abrasion, stretching, and washing. The rise in recent publications reflects the search for economic and sustainable textile printing alternatives, focusing on screen printing variables. Based on this, this review aimed to present a comprehensive guide containing all the care and essential technical information for processes based on rotary printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: There is a growing interest in personalized decision-making in oncology. According to the Integrated Oncological Decision-Making Model (IODM), decisions should be based on information from three domains: (1) medical technical information, (2) patients' general health status and (3) patients' preferences and goals. Little is known about what kind of tool/strategy is used to collect the information, by whom this is collected (nurse, clinician) when this is collected (moment in the care pathway), and how this information should be collected and integrated within decision-making in oncological care pathways, and what its impact is. Methods: We searched PUBMED, Embase and Web of Science in October 2023 for studies looking at tools to collect and integrate information from the three domains of the IODM. We extracted data on the content and implementation of these tools, and on decision and patient outcomes. Results: The search yielded 2576 publications, of which only seven studies described collection of information from all three domains (inclusion criteria). In the seven included studies, information on the three domains was collected through dialogue, questionnaires, and assessments (what) by a nurse (2 out of 7 studies) or by other members of the Multi-Disciplinary Team (by whom) (5 out of 7 studies). Members of the Multi-Disciplinary Team subsequently integrated the information (5 out 7 studies) during their meeting (when), with patients and family attending this meeting in 2 studies (how). In terms of decision outcomes, 5 out of 7 studies compared the treatment recommendations before and after implementation of the tools, showing a modification of the treatment plan in 3% to 53% of cases. The limited data on patient outcomes suggest positive effects on well-being and fewer complications (3 out of 7 studies). Conclusion: The seven studies identified that integrated information from the three IODM domains into treatment decision-making lacked comprehensive information regarding the strategies, process, timing and individuals involved in implementing the tools. Nevertheless, the few studies that looked at patient outcomes showed promising findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current railway infrastructure maintenance work, which is mostly carried out by visual inspection, has a reactive approach, dissociated information, and limited follow-up. On the other hand, railway bridges, being critical infrastructures, require effective monitoring and maintenance to guarantee their safety and operation over time. The designed tool links a parametric BIM model in Revit® with an automated spreadsheet in MS Excel® through visual programming in Dynamo, generating BIM/data automation as an initial step towards a digital twin. This achieves a bidirectional flow to exchange data on the structural condition of elements. The procedure was applied to a railway bridge in use for over 100 years, representing its geometry and damage information according to technical standards. The value lies in laying the foundations for adopting preventive approaches for this key infrastructure. The BIM/data automation allows the BIM model to visually reflect the condition of the elements, depending on their damage, consolidate the inspection information, and generate a visual management tool. In conclusion, the designed BIM/data automation improves the monitoring of railway bridges compared to traditional methods, facilitating the interaction and relationship between the damage records and the actual bridge elements, laying the foundations for the construction of digital twins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept of information security in the activities of the National Police of Ukraine. The article notes that the National Police of Ukraine plays an important role in protecting the information space of the state, individuals, society and organisations from various types of threats. The article analyses both scientific approaches and legal acts and their drafts to the definition of the general concept of «information security». In the course of this analysis, the author identifies the key features of information security: availability of information about any events and someone's activities; relevance of such information to the interests of individual entities; ensuring by authorised entities of protection of the information space from internal and external threats; availability of subjects: a person, society, the State and legal entities; availability of information space, which includes such components as means of information interaction, information resources, and information infrastructure. Attention is drawn to the legal framework of the National Police of Ukraine's activities in ensuring information security. The author highlights those powers of the police aimed at ensuring information security of Ukraine. The authors also focused on the activities of the Department of Regime and Technical Protection of Information of the National Police of Ukraine, which is authorised to monitor the state of technical protection of information in police bodies and units, and on the activities of the Cyber Police Department with the definition of its tasks in the field of information security. The authors come to the conclusion that information security in the activities of the National Police of Ukraine is an integral part of the national security of Ukraine, which is manifested in the legal relations of authorised police subjects with each other and with other subjects (a person, society, the State, legal entities) aimed at ensuring the protection of the information space from any threats. Information security is ensured by the police at four levels (departmental, state, interstate and international). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Greek manuscript tradition transmits various fragments of works with the title Περὶ ποιητῶν, composed by both philosophers and grammarians from the Classical to the Imperial periods. The aim of this paper is to analyse these surviving fragments with a view to delineating the contents, forms, and characteristics of this type of literature. In the first part, I propose a survey of all authors and fragments of ancient Greek works On Poets. The second section outlines their literary-historical profile. Based on comparison with ancient works treating similar topics, I suggest a unitary reading of the writings Περὶ ποιητῶν. Through a combination of biographical, exegetical, theoretical, and (perhaps) technical information, this type of literature appears to have comprised the earliest "histories" of ancient poetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cybersecurity threats have increased as the world becomes increasingly interconnected. Whilst the use of technology to facilitate commercial activities is now common practice, there is a need to limit exposure to these threats so that traders can transact safely. This study aimed to identify and analyse common cybersecurity vulnerabilities and threats experienced by small-scale African migrant traders in Southern Africa. A qualitative approach was employed and semi-structured and key informant interviews were conducted to gather the primary data, with secondary data sourced from the relevant literature. The study found that the majority of the small-scale traders experienced hacking while using their mobile devices for transacting. Moreover, most reported a lack of knowledge of cybersecurity and were therefore vulnerable to further threats. It is recommended that small-scale traders be capacitated with relevant technical information to enhance their understanding of cybersecurity risks that can negatively affect their commercial activities. There is also a need for further research to identify mitigation techniques and infrastructure to protect small-scale traders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Lung cancer is an exceedingly malignant tumor reported as having the highest morbidity and mortality of any cancer worldwide, thus posing a great threat to global health. Despite the growing demand for precision medicine, current methods for early clinical detection, treatment and prognosis monitoring in lung cancer are hampered by certain bottlenecks. Studies have found that during the formation and development of a tumor, molecular substances carrying tumor-related genetic information can be released into body fluids. Liquid biopsy (LB), a method for detecting these tumor-related markers in body fluids, maybe a way to make progress in these bottlenecks. In recent years, LB technology has undergone rapid advancements. Therefore, this review will provide information on technical updates to LB and its potential clinical applications, evaluate its effectiveness for specific applications, discuss the existing limitations of LB, and present a look forward to possible future clinical applications. Specifically, this paper will introduce technical updates from the prospectives of engineering breakthroughs in the detection of membrane-based LB biomarkers and other improvements in sequencing technology. Additionally, it will summarize the latest applications of liquid biopsy for the early detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of lung cancer. We will present the interconnectedness of clinical and laboratory issues and the interplay of technology and application in LB today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the paper reviewed the Cuban Higher Education Norms to identify informational skills requirements related that justified the necessity of the curricular strategy About the Scientific and Technical Information at the Career Agronomy Studies Plan E and his scopes. The strategy, her definition, and the disciplines description about its implementation were analyzed. The actions related with scientific information were identified at the texts; key words were assigned for the descriptions. The paper concludes the strategy is pertinent cause of information literacy is recognized like vital for the successful insertion of the individuals in the information society. However, about these skills, the texts are not enough take in count they are commented at the theoretical studies about this topic, specially, the theoretical bases of the Information Literacy and the Information Skills University's Program and the requirements of the Agronomy Career Studies Plane E investigative component. The paper proposes the curricular strategy redefinition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The current study examined whether differences in the branding and description or mode of training materials influence drivers' understanding and expectations of a partial driving automation system. Background: How technology is described might influence consumers' understanding and expectations, even if all information is accurate. Method: Ninety drivers received training about a real partial driving automation system with a fictitious name. Participants were randomly assigned to a branding condition (system named AutonoDrive, training emphasized capabilities; or system named DriveAssist, training emphasized limitations) and training mode (quick-start brochure; video; or in-person demonstration). No safety-critical information was withheld nor deliberately misleading information provided. After training, participants drove a vehicle equipped with the system. Associations of drivers' expectations with branding condition and training mode were assessed using between-subjects comparisons of questionnaire responses obtained pre- and post-drive. Results: Immediately after training, those who received information emphasizing the system's capabilities had greater expectations of the system's function and crash avoidance capability in a variety of driving scenarios, including many in which the system would not work, as well as greater willingness to utilize the system's workload reduction benefits to take more risks. Most but not all differences persisted after driving the vehicle. Expectations about collision avoidance differed by training mode pre-drive but not post-drive. Conclusion: Training that emphasizes a partial driving automation system's capabilities and downplays its limitations can foster overconfidence. Application: Accuracy of technical information does not guarantee understanding; training should provide a balanced view of a system's limitations as well as capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of oceanography is transitioning from data-poor to data-rich, thanks in part to increased deployment of in-situ platforms and sensors, such as those that instrument the US-funded Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI). However, generating science-ready data products from these sensors, particularly those making biogeochemical measurements, often requires extensive end-user calibration and validation procedures, which can present a significant barrier. Openly available community-developed and -vetted Best Practices contribute to overcoming such barriers, but collaboratively developing user-friendly Best Practices can be challenging. Here we describe the process undertaken by the NSF-funded OOI Biogeochemical Sensor Data Working Group to develop Best Practices for creating science-ready biogeochemical data products from OOI data, culminating in the publication of the GOOS-endorsed OOI Biogeochemical Sensor Data Best Practices and User Guide. For Best Practices related to ocean observatories, engaging observatory staff is crucial, but having a "user-defined" process ensures the final product addresses user needs. Our process prioritized bringing together a diverse team and creating an inclusive environment where all participants could effectively contribute. Incorporating the perspectives of a wide range of experts and prospective end users through an iterative review process that included "Beta Testers'' enabled us to produce a final product that combines technical information with a user-friendly structure that illustrates data analysis pipelines via flowcharts and worked examples accompanied by pseudo-code. Our process and its impact on improving the accessibility and utility of the end product provides a roadmap for other groups undertaking similar communitydriven activities to develop and disseminate new Ocean Best Practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Given the significant role of human resource accounting in organizations and institutions and the direct impact this branch of accounting has on organizational longevity, this research aims to provide a contextual model. The scattered aspects of the theories presented in human resource accounting, along with the various definitions and perceptions of managers, have led to extensive data mining of paradigms related to human resource accounting and its implementation. Methods: Data were collected through interviews with 15 research experts, selected using the snowball method. A detailed and in-depth investigation of the documents and a synthesis of previous research was conducted using grounded theory. Results: In discussing causal conditions, this research focuses on components such as expertise, technical information, the Galatea effect, experiences and learnings, the level of analytical power, cultural decision-making, psychological abnormality, and demographic variables. In the context of policies and social relations, and in intermediate conditions, it has reached productivity, professional competence, and awareness of the organization’s current issues. Conclusion: By implementing the results of this research, which can be generalized to the majority of companies and institutions similar to the statistical population of this research, a noticeable improvement in employee satisfaction and, consequently, an increase in company productivity can be expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global need for food security has sparked interest in the potential of our indigenous food systems, including indigenous fruits and other wild edible flora and fauna. However, majority of these indigenous food resources remain underutilised despite its potentially high nutritional and economic benefits. This is largely due to the inadequacy of technical and practical information regarding the availability, propagation, and overall utility of the species. In this regard, the present study investigated the early growth responses of three selected indigenous fruit tree species, namely, Kalumpit (Terminalia microcarpa), Libas (Spondias pinnata) and Tibig (Ficus nota) to fertilisation and mycorrhizal inoculation following a Completely Randomized Design with treatments being Control, 2.5-g complete fertiliser (14:14:14), MYKOVAM, and Fertilisation + MYKOVAM. After 24 weeks (6 months), it was found that the selected indigenous fruit tree species can grow equally well without fertiliser or mycorrhizal inoculation. However, when necessary, MYKOVAM can be a better option than complete fertiliser. Findings showed that S. pinnata and F. nota seedlings inoculated with MYKOVAM yielded higher height increments than the fertiliser group. MYKOVAM inoculated F.nota seedlings also yielded higher diameter growth and total biomass than those treated with fertiliser. No significant variation in root volume was recorded for all selected indigenous fruit tree species among all treatments. Early growth of T. microcarpa was not enhanced by any of the treatments. The study, therefore, revealed relevant information that could enhance the mass propagation of these species in support of food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significance of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) technology in the context of highly automated and autonomous vehicles can hardly be overestimated. While V2X is not considered a standalone technology for achieving high automation, it is recognized as a safety-redundant component in automated driving systems. This article aims to systematically assess the requirements towards V2X input data to highly automated and autonomous systems that can individually, or in combination with other sensors, enable certain levels of autonomy. It addresses the assessment of V2X input data requirements for different levels of autonomy defined by SAE International, regulatory challenges, scalability issues in hybrid environments, and the potential impact of Internet of Things (IoT)-based information in non-automotive technical fields. A method is proposed for assessing the applicability of V2X at various levels of automation based on system complexity. The findings provide valuable insights for the development, deployment and regulation of V2X-enabled automated systems, ultimately contributing to enhanced road safety and efficient mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Armed Forces of Ukraine pay great attention to the development of personnel protection armor. However, despite the availability of protective equipment, the practice of warfare shows that the tasks of protecting military personnel are not fully resolved. The task of developing protective structures against bullets and shrapnel remains urgent. The analysis of scientific and technical information showed that the processes that occur during the impact interaction of elements of mechanical systems have not been fully studied, and the development of means to protect against kinetic damage has not been fully covered in scientific papers. The process of interaction between the impactor and the protective barrier may change if nested structures are used as a protective barrier. The possibility of developing a new method for increasing the strength of armor protection by using nested structures (bullet–cylinder) is investigated. A new analytical dependence for determining the depth of penetration of a bullet into a cylinder is obtained. The novelty of the analytical dependence lies in the absence in the scientific literature of a mathematical model of bullet penetration into a cylinder whose inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the bullet, taking into account the effective friction coefficient between the bullet and the inner surface of the cylinder, and the fact that the depth of penetration of a bullet into a cylinder can be equal to the length of the bullet, or be greater or less than it. On the basis of the proposed analytical dependence for determining the depth of penetration of a bullet into a cylinder, the dependences of the depth of penetration of a bullet into a cylinder on the value of tension (between the bullet and the cylinder) and the thickness of the cylinder are constructed. The research results indicate the fundamental possibility of reducing the depth of penetration of a bullet by using nested structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Titelei" was published in the magazine "GesR: Gesundheitsrecht" (Health Law). It contains various essays and legal precedents on topics such as medical liability, fee agreements for dentists, and the Medicinal Products Advertising Act. In addition, a legal handbook on cybersecurity in the healthcare sector is presented, which brings together the relevant regulations for various areas of healthcare. Current regulations and legislative initiatives at the European and national levels are also taken into account. The book provides an overview of technical requirements and information on the prevention of cyber threats. [Extracted from the article]

Summary: The environmental emissions attributed to anaesthetic nitrous oxide across the NHS are comparable to the carbon dioxide released by 135,000 flights from Frankfurt to New York. Much of these emissions are attributable to cumbersome and inadequately managed piped systems, resulting in excessive loss and waste. Since 2020, multiple hospital sites have been engaging with the Nitrous Oxide Project, a quality improvement method supporting a 'lean systems' approach to the provision of nitrous oxide. This review considers the frameworks supporting medical gas management in UK healthcare systems, and the impact of professional advocacy and medical gas stewardship to drive anaesthetic nitrous oxide mitigation in the NHS. Nitrous oxide mitigation efforts by grassroots and professional advocacy networks are enhanced through national centralised emission monitoring, distribution of data, technical information and provision of quality analysis. Given the climate harms of nitrous oxide, concerted efforts should be made to rationalise its use, and resources should be committed to supporting this at local, regional and national levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gadolinium-silica (Gd-silica) gels were prepared via sol–gel route combined to γ-irradiation (0–30 kGy), starting from Tetra-Ethyl-Orthosilicate (Si(OCH2CH3)4, TEOS) and gadolinium nitrate Gd(NO3).6H2O used as raw materials. The phase transformation and morphology of the gels derived from both precursors were characterized by XRD and TEM analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions was used to determine the crystallization activation energy (Ec) at different γ-doses (0, 8, 15, 25 and 30 kGy), using the methods suggested by Kissinger, Moynihan and Ozawa. XRD analysis of the samples calcined up to 1100°C for 2 h reveals the formation of gadolinium silicate (Gd4.67 (SiO4)3O) apatite crystalline phase with the presence of small traces of gadolinium pyrosilicate (Gd2Si2O7), the average particle sizes about 50 nm. TEM observations show spherical Gd-silicate nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in silica matrix, the mean diameter size is about 40 nm. From DSC analysis, it was observed that the onset crystallization temperature (Tx) and peak crystallization temperature (Tc) both increase with increasing γ-dose. According to Kissinger, Moynihan and Ozawa models, the crystallization activation energies for Gd-silicate phase formation were found to be 465.2, 474.5 and 465.7 kJ mol−1, respectively for unirradiated samples and 429.1, 447 and 438 kJ mol−1 when the γ-irradiation reaches 30 kGy respectively. Results revealed that the values of Ec decreased when the γ-dose increases and attains the minimum value at the dose of 15 kGy and then increase at higher doses. The crystallization rate factor (K) was also seen to decrease with increasing of γ-dose. Gamma irradiation increases the crystallization peak temperature (Tc). The crystallization activation energy (Ec) estimated from the three models is in good agreement and much well with those reported for silicate systems. Gamma irradiation decreases the Ec and crystallization rate factor (K). These preliminary results can provide useful technical information for a better understanding and control of the crystallization process of this type of nanomaterial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this study is the essence and directions of improvement of the normative construction of the concept of technology, which is used within the framework of legal regulation of financial support of the innovation process and technology transfer within the framework of the law of the European Union. In the course of summarizing and studying the existing regulations, it was established that they are not unified and differ significantly. This does not meet the needs of participants in the innovation process and subjects of technology transfer. It has been proven that the most negative impact of the disparity of legal regulation occurs during the implementation of means of financial support for innovative processes. The expediency of improving the existing concept of technology definition by fixing its single generalized definition has been substantiated. Authentic definition of technology is proposed as information of an organizational and technical nature about the sequence of production operations, which can be expressed in the form of the results of scientific research, research and design works, a system of objects of intellectual property rights, information of an organizational and technical nature, technological documentation, equipment, tools, machines, and mechanisms. It was substantiated that this definition makes it possible to eliminate most of the identified problems and is formed on the basis of the existing needs of the participants of technology transfer. The study is aimed at the formation of general theoretical foundations for improving the essence of technology for the purposes of legal support for financial support of innovation processes and technology transfer in the European Union. The research results could be used in the formation of international normative acts, acts of national legislation, and serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of 3D reconstruction of urban targets holds pivotal importance for various applications, including autonomous driving, digital twin technology, and urban planning and development. The intricate nature of urban landscapes presents substantial challenges in attaining 3D reconstructions with high precision. In this paper, we propose a semantically aware multi-view 3D reconstruction method for urban applications which incorporates semantic information into the technical 3D reconstruction. Our research primarily focuses on two major components: sparse reconstruction and dense reconstruction. For the sparse reconstruction process, we present a semantic consistency-based error filtering approach for feature matching. To address the challenge of errors introduced by the presence of numerous dynamic objects in an urban scene, which affects the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) process, we propose a computation strategy based on dynamic–static separation to effectively eliminate mismatches. For the dense reconstruction process, we present a semantic-based Semi-Global Matching (sSGM) method. This method leverages semantic consistency to assess depth continuity, thereby enhancing the cost function during depth estimation. The improved sSGM method not only significantly enhances the accuracy of reconstructing the edges of the targets but also yields a dense point cloud containing semantic information. Through validation using architectural datasets, the proposed method was found to increase the reconstruction accuracy by 32.79% compared to the original SGM, and by 63.06% compared to the PatchMatch method. Therefore, the proposed reconstruction method holds significant potential in urban applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the mechanism of rockburst in coal seam with rock parting, a combination of on-site and numerical experiment is used to study the failure and instability process, crack propagation mechanism, and influencing factors. The following four points were addressed: (1) the instability is a process that roadway in coal seam with rock parting go through from stable locking in the initial stress unloading stage to slipping unlocking, and then to spatter ejection in slipping dynamic load disturbance stage. (2) The fracture development caused by unloading excavation of coal seam with rock parting will change from shear crack to tensile crack. In this process, coal-rock contact surface slip and coal-rock fracture are coupled with each other. (3) The greater the mining depth is, the greater the lateral pressure coefficient is, and the higher the rockburst risk is. On the contrary, the lower the risk of rockburst. (4) When choosing the support form of roadway in coal seam with rock parting, the two supporting forms of bolting (cable) and supplementary masonry support should be preferred. The results enrich the theory of the dynamics of surrounding rock fracture in coal mine, further clarify the potential dangers to mining-area roadways and working faces, and provide technical information to ensure the safe and efficient mining of bifurcated coal seam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transportation of dangerous aquatic organisms and pathogens in ballast tanks causes problems on a global scale and therefore, The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has put into force the "International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Waters and Sediments". There are many ballast water treatment systems (BWTS) available in the market. The most important issue in the integration of the systems to the ships is to have technical information about the available options and to determine the most suitable solution for the ship among these alternatives. For this, the interested parties need to make an appropriate choice by knowing the features, advantages, and disadvantages of the BWTSs. The main aim of this article is to assess the five types of BWTS technologies that are frequently used and to make an optimum choice by consulting the opinions of experts in the sector. In this context, this study used the fuzzy ELECTRE (ELimination Et Choix Traduisant la REalite') method and proposed a novel approach for handling BWTS selection based upon interval type-2 fuzzy sets. It has been evaluated that a hybrid system in which filtration + ultrasound + ultraviolet (UV) systems can be used together would be more appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to investigate the existing territorial narratives on wine labels. Therefore, the contributions of design on packaging were observed, more specifically on forty wine labels, in a comparison of strategies from the two production poles: twenty from the Old World and twenty from the New World. For the analytical method, the focus was the correlation of technical information and elements of visual communication, analyzing the hierarchical and differentiating variables of the informational system and the application of visual language attributes in the selected sample. That way, it was possible to perceive that, depending on the place, different information is emphasized, creating new dynamics of meaning so that not only technical information is presented, but also an experience that brings the producer closer to the buyer closer through characteristics that resemble traditions of the vitivinicultural universe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Governmental research agencies from Germany, Italy, Spain, and UK have suggested the use of specific two- and three-parameter probability density functions (PDFs) for estimating the magnitude and frequency of annual maximum streamflow (AMS). In Brazil, there are no guidelines concerning the use of multiparameter PDFs to model AMS, with most applications relying on two-parameter distributions. Considering the worldwide promising results when using multiparameter PDFs, here we focused on the evaluation of ten PDFs to model AMS over all gauged streams of Brazil. The methodology developed for this study consisted of the: (i) acquisition of streamflow data; (ii) organization of the AMS series; (iii) screening of AMS series considering temporal and statistical criteria; (iv) fit of the following PDFs to the AMS series based on the L-moments method: Gumbel, Gamma, Generalized Logistic, Generalized Normal, Generalized Pareto, three-parameter Log-Normal, Pearson type 3, Generalized Extreme Value, Kappa, and Wakeby; (v) quantile estimation; and (vi) PDF performance assessment according to the Filliben test and the relative absolute error (RAE). Based on the almost 4 thousand AMS series considered on this study, we concluded that: (i) Gumbel and Gamma provided poor performance (more than 17% of non-satisfactory fits); (ii) the multiparameter PDFs (Wakeby and Kappa) outperformed all other PDFs; (iii) Gumbel and Generalized Extreme Value had the highest RAE values for quantile estimate; and (iv) this study contributes to the scientific advances reported in the recent statistical hydrology literature and can provide local decision makers with the necessary technical information for developing national design flood guidelines.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stock prediction is a challenging task due to multiple influencing factors and complex market dependencies. Traditional solutions are based on a single type of information. With the success of multi-source information in different fields, the combination of different types of information such as numerical and textual information has become a promising option. Although multi-source information provides rich multi-view information, how to mine and construct structured relationships from them is a difficult problem. Specifically, most existing methods usually extract features from commonly used multi-source information as predictive information sources, without further pre-constructing stock relationship graphs with dependencies using broader information. More importantly, they typically treat each stock as an isolated forecasting, or employ stock market correlations based on a fixed predefined graph structure, but current methods are not sensitive enough to aggregate the attribute features extracted from multi-source information and stock relationship graph, to obtain the dynamic update of market relations and relationship strength. The stock market is highly temporally, and the attributes of nodes are affected by the time perception of other attributes, which is not fully considered. To address these problems, we propose a novel dynamic attributes-driven graph attention networks incorporating sentiment (DGATS) information, transaction data, and text data. Inspired by behavioral finance, we separately extract sentiment information as a factor of technical indicators, and further realize the early fusion of technical indicators and textual data through Kronecker product-based tensor fusion. In particular, by LSTM and temporal attention network, the short-term and long-term transition features are gradually grasped from the local composition of the fused stock trading sequence. Furthermore, real-time intra-market dependencies and key attributes information are captured with graph networks, enabling dynamic updates of relationships and relationship strengths in predefined graphs. Experiments on the real datasets show that the architecture can outperform the previous methods in prediction performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As additive manufacturing is getting more and more widespread, the need for a system regarding the technical documentation is getting more required. The tremendous amount of manufacturing parameters makes the performance of the part hard to assess. Same parameters are used with different names and there is no common knowledge of how these parameters affect the part precisely. We can find a serious amount of research data and results, but only a small portion of them is able to be compared because of the different measuring techniques or similar investigation of parameters. To be more effective with the data gathering, a systematic way of recording these aspects is needed. In this article we propose a robust way of recording information on technical drawings of additively manufactured parts. We also discuss the difficulties and future opportunities implemented by this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earth is a complex material with mechanical and physical behaviors that differ from modern building materials. The conservation of rammed-earth (RE) constructions presents specific difficulties that are challenging to overcome. A lack of knowledge about RE due to its abandonment for decades and interventions adopting materials and repair methodologies designed for conventional constructions have led to inadequate interventions. In the case of historic defensive constructions, the doubts and technical difficulties are even greater due to the nature of so-called military RE (with physical and mechanical characteristics which differ significantly from those of civil, more common RE) and, not least, due to the historical and cultural heritage value of these constructions. Some important interventions have been carried out recently, while others are underway or in the planning stage, and there is a constant lack of information and technical data regarding the best ways to intervene. To fill this gap, the state of conservation of defensive RE structures and the results of interventions carried out throughout history in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula are being assessed. This article sets out a framework for the subject, identifies material and construction techniques and recognises the main causes of RE constructions' deterioration and decay. With special focus on the most frequent damages detected in historic military defensive structures built with RE, it analyses and discusses the most common techniques that have been used for the repair and conservation of these particular structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Dose management systems (DMS) have been introduced in radiological services to facilitate patient radiation dose management and optimization in medical imaging. The purpose of this study was to gather as much information as possible on the technical characteristics of DMS currently available, regarding features that may be considered essential for simply ensuring regulatory compliance or desirable to fully utilize the potential role of DMS in optimization of many aspects of radiological examinations. Methods: A technical survey was carried out and all DMS developers currently available (both commercial and open source) were contacted and were asked to participate. An extensive questionnaire was prepared and uploaded in the IAEA International Research Integration System (IRIS) online platform which was used for data collection process. Most of the questions (93%) required a "Yes/No" answer, to facilitate an objective analysis of the survey results. Some free text questions and comments' slots were also included, to allow participants to give additional information and clarifications where necessary. Depending on the answer, they were considered either as "Yes" or "No." Results: Given the way that the questions were posed, every positive response indicated that a feature was offered. Thus, the percentage of positive responses was used as a measure of adherence. The percentages of positive answers per section (and sub‐section) are presented in graphs and limitations of this type of analysis are discussed in detail. Conclusions: The results of this survey clearly exhibit that large differences exist between the various DMS developers. Consequently, potential end users of a DMS should carefully determine which of the features available are essential for their needs, prioritize desirable features, but also consider their infrastructure, the level of support required and the budget available before selecting a DMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]