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The Nachtigal hydroelectric dam project is part of Cameroon structuring projects whose implementation in the medium term will boost the country's economic growth and contribute to its emergence in 2035. However, as many projects of this scale, its achievement will involve the involuntary movement of people and goods. The aim of this action is huge and multiple socio-economic consequences. This study aims to study the socio-economic indicators of populations impacted to analyze the socio-economic impacts of involuntary displacement envisaged following the construction of the hydroelectric dam Nachtigal. The various readings and surveys and field observations, as well as interviews with various actors in planning show that socioeconomic consequences of these operations are real, and can be serious if consistent and relevant measures are not taken to counteract them. Furthermore, various investigations show that the project will directly affect three departments and will impact systematically assigns those goods or making use of the resources on this grip. For planners, the goal is that the commissioning of this work ranges between 2020 and 2021 while donors specify that neat measures should be considered and applied so that the living standards of impacted populations or improved or at least kept to that before the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]