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144 results on '"Taylor, K. C"'

8. Visual-Stratigraphic Dating of the GISP2 Ice Core: Basis, Reproducibility, and Application

Author

Alley, R. B, Shuman, C. A, Meese, D. A, Gow, A. J, Taylor, K. C, Cuffey, K. M, Fitzpatrick, J. J, Grootes, P. M, Zielinski, G. A, Ram, M, Spinelli, G, and Elder, B

Subjects
Oceanography
Abstract

Annual layers are visible in the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core from central Greenland, allowing rapid dating of the core. Changes in bubble and grain structure caused by near-surface, primarily summertime formation of hoar complexes provide the main visible annual marker in the Holocene, and changes in "cloudiness" of the ice correlated with dustiness mark Wisconsinan annual cycles; both markers are evident and have been intercalibrated in early Holocene ice. Layer counts are reproducible between different workers and for one worker at different times, with 1% error over century-length times in the Holocene. Reproducibility is typically 5% in Wisconsinan ice-age ice and decreases with increasing age and depth. Cumulative ages from visible stratigraphy are not significantly different from independent ages of prominent events for ice older than the historical record and younger than approximately 50,000 years. Visible observations are not greatly degraded by "brittle ice" or many other core-quality problems, allowing construction of long, consistently sampled time series. High accuracy requires careful study of the core by dedicated observers.

Published
1997

12. The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology - Part 1:Methane synchronization (68-31 kaBP) and the gas age-ice age difference

Author

Buizert, C., Cuffey, K. M., Severinghaus, J. P., Baggenstos, D., Fudge, T. J., Steig, E. J., Markle, B. R., Winstrup, M., Rhodes, R. H., Brook, E. J., Sowers, T. A., Clow, G. D., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., Taylor, K. C., Buizert, C., Cuffey, K. M., Severinghaus, J. P., Baggenstos, D., Fudge, T. J., Steig, E. J., Markle, B. R., Winstrup, M., Rhodes, R. H., Brook, E. J., Sowers, T. A., Clow, G. D., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., and Taylor, K. C.

Published
2015

13. Gene-centric meta-analyses of 108 912 individuals confirm known body mass index loci and reveal three novel signals

Author

Guo, Y., Lanktree, M. B., Taylor, K. C., Hakonarson, H., Lange, L. A., Keating, B. J., Fairfax, B. P., Elbers, C. C., Barnard, J., Farrall, M., Padmanabhan, S., Baumert, J., Castillo, B. A., Gaunt, T. R., Gong, Y., Rajagopalan, R., Romaine, S. P., Kumari, M., Rafelt, S., Smith, E. N., Li, Y. R., Sivapalaratnam, S., van Iperen, E. P., Speliotes, E. K., Toskala, E., Zhang, L., Ochs-Balcom, H. M., Bhangale, T. R., Chandrupatla, H. R., Drenos, F., Gieger, C., Gupta, J., Johnson, T., Kleber, M. E., Makino, S., Mangino, M., Meng, Y., Nelson, C. P., Pankow, J. S., Pankratz, N., Price, T. S., Shaffer, J., Shen, H., Tischfield, S., Tomaszewski, M., Atwood, L. D., Bailey, K. M., Balasubramanyam, A., Baldwin, C. T., Basart, H., Bauer, F., Behr, E. R., Beitelshees, A. L., Berenson, G. S., Beresford, S. A., Bezzina, C. R., Bhatt, D. L., Boer, J. M., Braund, P. S., Burke, G. L., Burkley, B., Carty, C., Chen, W., Clarke, R., Cooper-DeHoff, R. M., Curtis, S. P., de Bakker, P. I., de Jong, J. S., Delles, C., Dominiczak, A. F., Duggan, D., Feldman, H. I., Furlong, C. E., Gorski, M. M., Gums, J. G., Hardwick, R., Hastie, C., Heid, I. M., Huang, G.-H., Huggins, G. S., Humphries, S. E., Kirkland, S. A., Kivimaki, M., Klein, R., Klein, B. E., Knowler, W. C., Kottke-Marchant, K., LaCroix, A. Z., Langaee, T. Y., Li, M., Lyon, H. N., Maiwald, S., Marshall, J. K., Mehta, A., Meijs, M. F., Melander, O., Meyer, N., Mitra, N., Molony, C. M., Morrow, D. A., Murugesan, G., Newhouse, S. J., Nieto, J. F., Onland-Moret, N. C., Ouwehand, W. H., Palmen, J., Pepine, C. J., Ranchalis, J., Rosas, S. E., Rosenthal, E. A., Scharnagl, H., Schork, N. J., Schreiner, P. J., Shah, T., Shashaty, M., Shimbo, D., Srinivasan, S. R., Thomas, F., Tobin, M. D., Tsai, M. Y., Verschuren, W. M. M., Wagenknecht, L. E., Winkelmann, B. R., Young, T., Yusuf, S., Zafarmand, M. H., Zmuda, J. M., Zwinderman, A. H., Anand, S. S., Balmforth, A. J., Boehm, B. O., Boerwinkle, E., Burton, P. R., Cappola, T. P., Casas, J. P., Caulfield, M. J., Christiani, D. C., Christie, J., Cruickshanks, K. J., Davey-Smith, G., Davidson, K. W., Day, I. N., Doevendans, P. A., Dorn, G. W., FitzGerald, G. A., Hall, A. S., Hingorani, A. D., Hirschhorn, J. N., Hofker, M. H., Hovingh, K. G., Illig, T., Jamshidi, Y., Jarvik, G. P., Johnson, J. A., Kanetsky, P. A., Kastelein, J. J., Koenig, W., Lawlor, D. A., Marz, W., McCaffery, J., Mega, J. L., Mitchell, B. D., Murray, S. S., O'Connell, J. R., Patel, S. R., Peters, A., Pettinger, M., Rader, D. J., Redline, S., Reilly, M. P., Sabatine, M. S., Schadt, E. E., Shuldiner, A. R., Silverstein, R. L., Spector, T. D., Taylor, H. A., Thorand, B., Trip, M. D., Watkins, H., Wichmann, H.- E., Fox, C. S., Grant, S. F., Peter, I., Talmud, P. J., Munroe, P. B., Wilson, J. G., Knight, J. C., Samani, N. J., Hegele, R. A., Asselbergs, F. W., Monda, K. L., van der Schouw, Y. T., Demerath, E. W., Wijmenga, C., Timpson, N. J., Reiner, A. P., North, K. E., Papanicolaou, G. J., Lange , L. A., Keating , B. J., Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health, Epidemiology and Data Science, Graduate School, Other departments, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cardiology, Other Research, and Public and occupational health

Subjects
Population, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SH2B1, Genotype, Ethnicity, Genetics, Humans, education, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Association Studies Articles, General Medicine, Melanocortin 4 receptor, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent genetic association studies have made progress in uncovering components of the genetic architecture of the body mass index (BMI). We used the ITMAT-Broad-Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) (IBC) array comprising up to 49 320 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across ~2100 metabolic and cardiovascular-related loci to genotype up to 108 912 individuals of European ancestry (EA), African-Americans, Hispanics and East Asians, from 46 studies, to provide additional insight into SNPs underpinning BMI. We used a five-phase study design: Phase I focused on meta-analysis of EA studies providing individual level genotype data; Phase II performed a replication of cohorts providing summary level EA data; Phase III meta-analyzed results from the first two phases; associated SNPs from Phase III were used for replication in Phase IV; finally in Phase V, a multi-ethnic meta-analysis of all samples from four ethnicities was performed. At an array-wide significance (P < 2.40E-06), we identify novel BMI associations in loci translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog (yeast) - apolipoprotein E - apolipoprotein C-I (TOMM40-APOE-APOC1) (rs2075650, P = 2.95E-10), sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2, rs5996074, P = 9.43E-07) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 [NTRK2, a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptor gene, rs1211166, P = 1.04E-06] in the Phase IV meta-analysis. Of 10 loci with previous evidence for BMI association represented on the IBC array, eight were replicated, with the remaining two showing nominal significance. Conditional analyses revealed two independent BMI-associated signals in BDNF and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) regions. Of the 11 array-wide significant SNPs, three are associated with gene expression levels in both primary B-cells and monocytes; with rs4788099 in SH2B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1) notably being associated with the expression of multiple genes in cis. These multi-ethnic meta-analyses expand our knowledge of BMI genetics.

Published
2013

14. The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 2: Annual-layer counting (0–31 ka BP)

Author

Sigl, M., primary, Fudge, T. J., additional, Winstrup, M., additional, Cole-Dai, J., additional, Ferris, D., additional, McConnell, J. R., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Welten, K. C., additional, Woodruff, T. E., additional, Adolphi, F., additional, Bisiaux, M., additional, Brook, E. J., additional, Buizert, C., additional, Caffee, M. W., additional, Dunbar, N. W., additional, Edwards, R., additional, Geng, L., additional, Iverson, N., additional, Koffman, B., additional, Layman, L., additional, Maselli, O. J., additional, McGwire, K., additional, Muscheler, R., additional, Nishiizumi, K., additional, Pasteris, D. R., additional, Rhodes, R. H., additional, and Sowers, T. A., additional

Published
2015
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15. The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 1: Methane synchronization (68–31 ka BP) and the gas age–ice age difference

Author

Buizert, C., primary, Cuffey, K. M., additional, Severinghaus, J. P., additional, Baggenstos, D., additional, Fudge, T. J., additional, Steig, E. J., additional, Markle, B. R., additional, Winstrup, M., additional, Rhodes, R. H., additional, Brook, E. J., additional, Sowers, T. A., additional, Clow, G. D., additional, Cheng, H., additional, Edwards, R. L., additional, Sigl, M., additional, McConnell, J. R., additional, and Taylor, K. C., additional

Published
2015
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16. Accelerated deglaciation linked to volcanic eruptions 17.8k years ago

Author

McConnell, J. R., Dunbar, N. W., Köhler, Peter, Thomas, J. L., Chellman, N. J., Layman, L. R., Maselli, O. J., Pasteris, D. R., Sigl, M., Adkins, J., Baggenstos, D., Brook, E. J., Buizert, C., Burke, A., Cole-Dai, J., Fleet, L. G., Fudge, T. J., Knorr, Gregor, Grieman, M., Marcott, Shaun A., McGwire, K. C., Mulvaney, R., Paris, G., Rhodes, R., Saltzman, E.S., Severinghaus, J. P., Steffensen, J. P., Taylor, K. C., Winckler, G., McConnell, J. R., Dunbar, N. W., Köhler, Peter, Thomas, J. L., Chellman, N. J., Layman, L. R., Maselli, O. J., Pasteris, D. R., Sigl, M., Adkins, J., Baggenstos, D., Brook, E. J., Buizert, C., Burke, A., Cole-Dai, J., Fleet, L. G., Fudge, T. J., Knorr, Gregor, Grieman, M., Marcott, Shaun A., McGwire, K. C., Mulvaney, R., Paris, G., Rhodes, R., Saltzman, E.S., Severinghaus, J. P., Steffensen, J. P., Taylor, K. C., and Winckler, G.

Published
2014

17. The WAIS-Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 2: Methane synchronization (68–31 ka BP) and the gas age-ice age difference

Author

Buizert, C., primary, Cuffey, K. M., additional, Severinghaus, J. P., additional, Baggenstos, D., additional, Fudge, T. J., additional, Steig, E. J., additional, Markle, B. R., additional, Winstrup, M., additional, Rhodes, R. H., additional, Brook, E. J., additional, Sowers, T. A., additional, Clow, G. D., additional, Cheng, H., additional, Edwards, R. L., additional, Sigl, M., additional, McConnell, J. R., additional, and Taylor, K. C., additional

Published
2014
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19. West Antarctica's sensitivity to natural and human‐forced climate change over the Holocene

Author

Mayewski, P. A., primary, Maasch, K. A., additional, Dixon, D., additional, Sneed, S. B., additional, Oglesby, R., additional, Korotkikh, E., additional, Potocki, M., additional, Grigholm, B., additional, Kreutz, K., additional, Kurbatov, A. V., additional, Spaulding, N., additional, Stager, J. C., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Steig, E. J., additional, White, J., additional, Bertler, N. A. N., additional, Goodwin, I., additional, Simões, J. C., additional, Jaña, R., additional, Kraus, S., additional, and Fastook, J., additional

Published
2012
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39. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenlandice cores

Author

Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Abstract

THE direct-current electrical conductivity of glacial ice depends on its acidity1–3, and can also indicate changes in climate, as ice formed in cold, dusty periods has a high concentration of alkaline dust1,4,5, which significantly reduces the conductivity6,7 compared to warmer, less dusty periods. Here we present electrical conductivity records for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) and Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) ice cores, drilled 28 km apart to enable direct comparison of the results. The upper parts of both records are consistent with previous evidence from other Greenland cores4,8& #150;12 for a stable Greenland climate during the Holocene, and a series of warm events punctuating the last glacial period. However, there is a significant discrepancy between the two records in the bottom 10% of the cores, calling into question recent reports of climate variability in the last interglacial4,8 and the penultimate glaciation8. At this stage, it is too early to say what exactly is causing the discrepancy, although ice flow may have introduced some discontinuities into the records. Further work will be necessary to establish how much climatic information it will eventually be possible to extract from the lower parts of the two cores.

Published
1993

40. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores

Author

Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuhl, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuhl, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Published
1993

41. Electrical conductivity measurements from the GISP2 and GRIP Greenland ice cores

Author

Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Clausen, Henrik Brink, Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., Waddington, E. D., Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Clausen, Henrik Brink, Taylor, K. C., Hammer, C. U., Alley, R. B., Gow, A. J., Gundestrup, N. S., Kipfstuh, J., Moore, J. C., and Waddington, E. D.

Abstract

THE direct-current electrical conductivity of glacial ice depends on its acidity1-3, and can also indicate changes in climate, as ice formed in cold, dusty periods has a high concentration of alkaline dust1,4,5, which significantly reduces the conductivity6,7 compared to warmer, less dusty periods. Here we present electrical conductivity records for the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) and Greenland Ice-core Project (GRIP) ice cores, drilled 28 km apart to enable direct comparison of the results. The upper parts of both records are consistent with previous evidence from other Greenland cores4,8& #150;12 for a stable Greenland climate during the Holocene, and a series of warm events punctuating the last glacial period. However, there is a significant discrepancy between the two records in the bottom 10% of the cores, calling into question recent reports of climate variability in the last interglacial4,8 and the penultimate glaciation8. At this stage, it is too early to say what exactly is causing the discrepancy, although ice flow may have introduced some discontinuities into the records. Further work will be necessary to establish how much climatic information it will eventually be possible to extract from the lower parts of the two cores. Udgivelsesdato: 09 december

Published
1993

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