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2. The Undiagnosed Diseases Network: Characteristics of solvable applicants and diagnostic suggestions for nonaccepted ones

Author

Acosta, Maria T., Adams, David R., Afzali, Ben, Al-Beshri, Ali, Allworth, Aimee, Alvarez, Raquel L., Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bellen, Hugo J., Bennett, Jimmy, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Borja, Nicholas, Botto, Lorenzo, Briere, Lauren C., Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Callaway, Kaitlin, Carey, John, Carvalho, George, Cassini, Thomas, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Corner, Brian, Corona, Rosario I., Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cuddapah, Vishnu, Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Delgado, Margaret, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douglas, Jessica, Douine, Emilie D., Earl, Dawn, Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Ezell, Kimberly, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Fu, Jiayu, Gahl, William A., Ganetzky, Rebecca, Glanton, Emily, Glass, Ian, Goddard, Page C., Gonzalez, Joanna M., Gropman, Andrea, Halley, Meghan C., Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neal, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yan, Hurst, Anna, Introne, Wendy, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Marie, Orpa Jean, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Kaitryn, Emerald, Kanca, Oguz, Karasozen, Yigit, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korf, Bruce, Korrick, Susan, Krakow, Deborah, Kravets, Elijah, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Latchman, Kumarie, LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Longo, Nicola, Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Maghiro, Audrey Stephannie, Mahoney, Rachel, Malicdan, May Christine V., Mao, Rong, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., Might, Matthew, Mikati, Mohamad, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Morimoto, Marie, Mulvihill, John J., Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stanley F., Neumann, Serena, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Parker, Neil H., Peart, LéShon, Petcharet, Leoyklang, Phillips, John A., III, Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Quinlan, Aaron, Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Raskind, Wendy, Rebelo, Adriana, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rodriguez, Martin, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sabaii, Marla, Sampson, Jacinda B., Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Seto, Elaine, Shashi, Vandana, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sisco, Kathy, Skelton, Tammi, Skraban, Cara, Smith, Carson A., Smith, Kevin S., Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stergachis, Andrew, Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tarakad, Arjun, Taylor, Herman, Tekin, Mustafa, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Ungar, Rachel A., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Walley, Nicole M., Wambach, Jennifer, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Wood, Heidi, Worley, Kim, Yamamoto, Shinya, Zhang, Zhe, Zuchner, Stephan, Findley, Laura, Ni, Weihong, Sinsheimer, Janet S., Cole, F. Session, Esteves, Cecilia, Newman, John H., and Mokry, Jill R.

Published
2024
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3. Dominant missense variants in SREBF2 are associated with complex dermatological, neurological, and skeletal abnormalities

Author

Bacino, Carlos A., Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Burrage, Lindsay C., Chao, Hsiao-Tuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Craigen, William J., Dai, Hongzheng, Emrick, Lisa T., Ketkar, Shamika, Lalani, Seema R., Lee, Brendan H., Lewis, Richard A., Marom, Ronit, Orengo, James P., Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Seto, Elaine, Scott, Daryl A., Tarakad, Arjun, Tran, Alyssa A., Vogel, Tiphanie P., Hubshman, Monika Weisz, Worley, Kim, Bellen, Hugo J., Wangler, Michael F., Yamamoto, Shinya, Kanca, Oguz, Eng, Christine M., Liu, Pengfei, Ward, Patricia A., Behrens, Edward, Falk, Marni, Hassey, Kelly, Izumi, Kosuke, Kilich, Gonench, Sullivan, Kathleen, Vanderver, Adeline, Zhang, Zhe, Raper, Anna, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Mikati, Mohamad, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, Schoch, Kelly, Shashi, Vandana, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Walley, Nicole M., Beggs, Alan H., Berry, Gerard T., Briere, Lauren C., Cobban, Laurel A., Coggins, Matthew, Fieg, Elizabeth L., High, Frances, Holm, Ingrid A., Korrick, Susan, Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., MacRae, Calum A., Pallais, J. Carl, Rao, Deepak A., Rodan, Lance H., Silverman, Edwin K., Stoler, Joan M., Sweetser, David A., Walker, Melissa, Douglas, Jessica, Glanton, Emily, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Maghiro, Audrey Stephannie C., Mahoney, Rachel, McCray, Alexa T., Tan, Amelia L.M., Dasari, Surendra, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., Morava, Eva, Oglesbee, Devin, Bademci, Guney, Barbouth, Deborah, Bivona, Stephanie, Borja, Nicholas, Gonzalez, Joanna M., Latchman, Kumarie, Peart, LéShon, Rebelo, Adriana, Smith, Carson A., Tekin, Mustafa, Thorson, Willa, Zuchner, Stephan, Taylor, Herman, Colley, Heather A., Dayal, Jyoti G., Doss, Argenia L., Eckstein, David J., Hutchison, Sarah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Urv, Tiina K., Acosta, Maria T., D'Souza, Precilla, Gropman, Andrea, Macnamara, Ellen F., Maduro, Valerie V., Mulvihill, John J., Novacic, Donna, Pusey Swerdzewski, Barbara N., Toro, Camilo, Wahl, Colleen E., Adams, David R., Afzali, Ben, Burke, Elizabeth A., Davis, Joie, Delgado, Margaret, Fu, Jiayu, Gahl, William A., Hanchard, Neil, Huang, Yan, Introne, Wendy, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Malicdan, May Christine V., Morimoto, Marie, Petcharet, Leoyklang, Rossignol, Francis, Sabaii, Marla, Solomon, Ben, Tifft, Cynthia J., Wolfe, Lynne A., Wood, Heidi, Allworth, Aimee, Bamshad, Michael, Beck, Anita, Bennett, Jimmy, Blue, Elizabeth, Byers, Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Cunningham, Michael, Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Earl, Dawn, Glass, Ian, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Horike-Pyne, Martha, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Kaitryn, Emerald, Lam, Christina, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Raskind, Wendy, Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Stergachis, Andrew, Sybert, Virginia, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Alvarez, Raquel L., Bejerano, Gill, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bonner, Devon, Coakley, Terra R., Fisher, Paul G., Goddard, Page C., Halley, Meghan C., Hom, Jason, Kohler, Jennefer N., Kravets, Elijah, Martin, Beth A., Marwaha, Shruti, Reuter, Chloe M., Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sampson, Jacinda B., Smith, Kevin S., Sutton, Shirley, Tabor, Holly K., Ungar, Rachel A., Wheeler, Matthew T., Ashley, Euan A., Byrd, William E., Crouse, Andrew B., Might, Matthew, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Whitlock, Jordan, Butte, Manish J., Corona, Rosario, Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Dorrani, Naghmeh, Douine, Emilie D., Fogel, Brent L., Huang, Alden, Krakow, Deborah, Loo, Sandra K., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., McGee, Elisabeth, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Renteria, Genecee, Sinsheimer, Janet S., Wan, Jijun, Alvey, Justin, Andrews, Ashley, Bale, Jim, Bohnsack, John, Botto, Lorenzo, Carey, John, Longo, Nicola, Moretti, Paolo, Pace, Laura, Quinlan, Aaron, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Marth, Gabor, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Mao, Rong, Westerfield, Monte, Bican, Anna, Cassini, Thomas, Corner, Brian, Hamid, Rizwan, Neumann, Serena, Phillips, John A., III, Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Ezell, Kimberly, Cogan, Joy D., Hayes, Nichole, Kiley, Dana, Sisco, Kathy, Wambach, Jennifer, Wegner, Daniel, Baldridge, Dustin, Cole, F. Sessions, Pak, Stephen, Schedl, Timothy, Shin, Jimann, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Moulton, Matthew J., Atala, Kristhen, Zheng, Yiming, Dutta, Debdeep, Grange, Dorothy K., Lin, Wen-Wen, Wegner, Daniel J., Wambach, Jennifer A., Duker, Angela L., Bober, Michael B., Kratz, Lisa, Wise, Carol A., Oxendine, Ila, Khanshour, Anas, and Rios, Jonathan

Published
2024
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4. Multi‐phenotype analyses of hemostatic traits with cardiovascular events reveal novel genetic associations

Author

Temprano‐Sagrera, Gerard, Sitlani, Colleen M, Bone, William P, Martin‐Bornez, Miguel, Voight, Benjamin F, Morrison, Alanna C, Damrauer, Scott M, de Vries, Paul S, Smith, Nicholas L, Sabater‐Lleal, Maria, Dehghan, Abbas, Heath, Adam S, Reiner, Alex P, Johnson, Andrew, Richmond, Anne, Peters, Annette, van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid, McKnight, Barbara, Psaty, Bruce M, Hayward, Caroline, Ward‐Caviness, Cavin, O’Donnell, Christopher, Chasman, Daniel, Strachan, David P, Tregouet, David A, Mook‐Kanamori, Dennis, Gill, Dipender, Thibord, Florian, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Leebeek, Frank WG, Rosendaal, Frits R, Davies, Gail, Homuth, Georg, Temprano, Gerard, Campbell, Harry, Taylor, Herman A, Bressler, Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Rotter, Jerome I, Yao, Jie, Wilson, James F, Bis, Joshua C, Hahn, Julie M, Desch, Karl C, Wiggins, Kerri L, Raffield, Laura M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Yanek, Lisa R, Kleber, Marcus E, Mueller, Martina, Kavousi, Maryam, Mangino, Massimo, Liu, Melissa, Brown, Michael R, Conomos, Matthew P, Jhun, Min‐A, Chen, Ming‐Huei, de Maat, Moniek PM, Pankratz, Nathan, Peyser, Patricia A, Elliot, Paul, Wei, Peng, Wild, Philipp S, Morange, Pierre E, van der Harst, Pim, Yang, Qiong, Le, Ngoc‐Quynh, Marioni, Riccardo, Li, Ruifang, Cox, Simon R, Trompet, Stella, Felix, Stephan B, Völker, Uwe, Tang, Weihong, Koenig, Wolfgang, Jukema, J Wouter, Guo, Xiuqing, Lindstrom, Sara, Wang, Lu, Smith, Erin N, Gordon, William, de Andrade, Mariza, Brody, Jennifer A, Pattee, Jack W, Haessler, Jeffrey, Brumpton, Ben M, Chasman, Daniel I, Suchon, Pierre, Turman, Constance, Germain, Marine, MacDonald, James, and Braekkan, Sigrid K

Subjects
Genetics, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Atherosclerosis, Prevention, Cardiovascular, Hematology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Factor XI, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Hemostasis, Hemostatics, Humans, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, blood coagulation, cardiovascular diseases, genetic pleiotropy, genome-wide association study, hemostasis, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

BackgroundMulti-phenotype analysis of genetically correlated phenotypes can increase the statistical power to detect loci associated with multiple traits, leading to the discovery of novel loci. This is the first study to date to comprehensively analyze the shared genetic effects within different hemostatic traits, and between these and their associated disease outcomes.ObjectivesTo discover novel genetic associations by combining summary data of correlated hemostatic traits and disease events.MethodsSummary statistics from genome wide-association studies (GWAS) from seven hemostatic traits (factor VII [FVII], factor VIII [FVIII], von Willebrand factor [VWF] factor XI [FXI], fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator [tPA], plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1]) and three major cardiovascular (CV) events (venous thromboembolism [VTE], coronary artery disease [CAD], ischemic stroke [IS]), were combined in 27 multi-trait combinations using metaUSAT. Genetic correlations between phenotypes were calculated using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC). Newly associated loci were investigated for colocalization. We considered a significance threshold of 1.85 × 10-9 obtained after applying Bonferroni correction for the number of multi-trait combinations performed (n = 27).ResultsAcross the 27 multi-trait analyses, we found 4 novel pleiotropic loci (XXYLT1, KNG1, SUGP1/MAU2, TBL2/MLXIPL) that were not significant in the original individual datasets, were not described in previous GWAS for the individual traits, and that presented a common associated variant between the studied phenotypes.ConclusionsThe discovery of four novel loci contributes to the understanding of the relationship between hemostasis and CV events and elucidate common genetic factors between these traits.

Published
2022

6. A multitrait genetic study of hemostatic factors and hemorrhagic transformation after stroke treatment

Author

Dehghan, Abbas, Heath, Adam S., Morrison, Alanna C., Reiner, Alex P., Johnson, Andrew, Richmond, Anne, Peters, Annette, van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid, McKnight, Barbara, Psaty, Bruce M., Hayward, Caroline, Ward-Caviness, Cavin, O’Donnell, Christopher, Chasman, Daniel, Strachan, David P., Tregouet, David A., Mook-Kanamori, Dennis, Gill, Dipender, Thibord, Florian, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Leebeek, Frank W.G., Rosendaal, Frits R., Davies, Gail, Homuth, Georg, Temprano, Gerard, Campbell, Harry, Taylor, Herman A., Bressler, Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E., Rotter, Jerome I., Yao, Jie, Wilson, James F., Bis, Joshua C., Hahn, Julie M., Desch, Karl C., Wiggins, Kerri L., Díez-Ahijado, Laia, Raffield, Laura M., Bielak, Lawrence F., Yanek, Lisa R., Kleber, Marcus E., Sabater-Lleal, Maria, Mueller, Martina, Kavousi, Maryam, Mangino, Massimo, Conomos, Matthew P., Liu, Melissa, Brown, Michael R., Jhun, Min-A, Chen, Ming-Huei, de Maat, Moniek P.M., Pankratz, Nathan, Smith, Nicholas L., Peyser, Patricia A., Elliot, Paul, de Vries, Paul S., Wei, Peng, Wild, Philipp S., Morange, Pierre E., van der Harst, Pim, Yang, Qiong, Marioni, Riccardo, Li, Ruifang, Damrauer, Scott M., Cox, Simon R., Trompet, Stella, Felix, Stephan B., Völker, Uwe, Tang, Weihong, Koenig, Wolfgang, Jukema, J. Wouter, Guo, Xiuqing, Gallego-Fabrega, Cristina, Temprano-Sagrera, Gerard, Cárcel-Márquez, Jara, Muiño, Elena, Cullell, Natalia, Lledós, Miquel, Llucià-Carol, Laia, Martin-Campos, Jesús M., Sobrino, Tomás, Castillo, José, Millán, Mònica, Muñoz-Narbona, Lucía, López-Cancio, Elena, Ribó, Marc, Alvarez-Sabin, Jose, Jiménez-Conde, Jordi, Roquer, Jaume, Tur, Silvia, Obach, Victor, Arenillas, Juan F., Segura, Tomas, Serrano-Heras, Gemma, Marti-Fabregas, Joan, Freijo-Guerrero, Marimar, Moniche, Francisco, Castellanos, Maria del Mar, and Fernández-Cadenas, Israel

Published
2024
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7. De novo variants in DENND5B cause a neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Acosta, Maria T., Adams, David R., Alvarez, Raquel L., Alvey, Justin, Allworth, Aimee, Andrews, Ashley, Ashley, Euan A., Afzali, Ben, Bacino, Carlos A., Bademci, Guney, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Baldridge, Dustin, Bale, Jim, Bamshad, Michael, Barbouth, Deborah, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, Beck, Anita, Beggs, Alan H., Behrens, Edward, Bejerano, Gill, Bellen, Hugo J., Bennett, Jimmy, Bernstein, Jonathan A., Berry, Gerard T., Bican, Anna, Bivona, Stephanie, Blue, Elizabeth, Bohnsack, John, Bonner, Devon, Botto, Lorenzo, Briere, Lauren C., Brown, Gabrielle, Burke, Elizabeth A., Burrage, Lindsay C., Butte, Manish J., Byers, Peter, Byrd, William E., Carey, John, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Cassini, Thomas, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, Chanprasert, Sirisak, Chao, HsiaoTuan, Chinn, Ivan, Clark, Gary D., Coakley, Terra R., Cobban, Laurel A., Cogan, Joy D., Coggins, Matthew, Cole, F. Sessions, Colley, Heather A., Cope, Heidi, Corona, Rosario, Craigen, William J., Crouse, Andrew B., Cunningham, Michael, D’Souza, Precilla, Dai, Hongzheng, Dasari, Surendra, Davis, Joie, Dayal, Jyoti G., Delgado, Margaret, Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., Dipple, Katrina, Doherty, Daniel, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Doss, Argenia L., Douine, Emilie D., Earl, Dawn, Eckstein, David J., Emrick, Lisa T., Eng, Christine M., Falk, Marni, Fieg, Elizabeth L., Fisher, Paul G., Fogel, Brent L., Forghani, Irman, Fu, Jiayu, Gahl, William A., Glass, Ian, Goddard, Page C., Godfrey, Rena A., Grajewski, Alana, Gropman, Andrea, Halley, Meghan C., Hamid, Rizwan, Hanchard, Neal, Hassey, Kelly, Hayes, Nichole, High, Frances, Hing, Anne, Hisama, Fuki M., Holm, Ingrid A., Hom, Jason, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Huang, Alden, Huang, Yan, Hutchison, Sarah, Introne, Wendy, Isasi, Rosario, Izumi, Kosuke, Jarvik, Gail P., Jarvik, Jeffrey, Jayadev, Suman, Jean-Marie, Orpa, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, Kaitryn, Emerald, Ketkar, Shamika, Kiley, Dana, Kilich, Gonench, Kobren, Shilpa N., Kohane, Isaac S., Kohler, Jennefer N., Korrick, Susan, Krakow, Deborah, Krasnewich, Donna M., Kravets, Elijah, Lalani, Seema R., Lam, Byron, Lam, Christina, Lanpher, Brendan C., Lanza, Ian R., LeBlanc, Kimberly, Lee, Brendan H., Levitt, Roy, Lewis, Richard A., Liu, Pengfei, Liu, Xue Zhong, Longo, Nicola, Loo, Sandra K., Loscalzo, Joseph, Maas, Richard L., Macnamara, Ellen F., MacRae, Calum A., Maduro, Valerie V., Maghiro, AudreyStephannie, Mahoney, Rachel, Malicdan, May Christine V., Mamounas, Laura A., Manolio, Teri A., Mao, Rong, Marom, Ronit, Marth, Gabor, Martin, Beth A., Martin, Martin G., Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., Marwaha, Shruti, McCauley, Jacob, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, McCray, Alexa T., McGee, Elisabeth, Might, Matthew, Miller, Danny, Mirzaa, Ghayda, Morava, Eva, Moretti, Paolo, Morimoto, Marie, Mulvihill, John J., Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, Nelson, Stanley F., Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, Novacic, Donna, Oglesbee, Devin, Orengo, James P., Pace, Laura, Pak, Stephen, Pallais, J. Carl, Papp, Jeanette C., Parker, Neil H., Petcharet, Leoyklang, Phillips, John A., III, Posey, Jennifer E., Potocki, Lorraine, Swerdzewski, Barbara N. Pusey, Quinlan, Aaron, Rao, Deepak A., Raper, Anna, Raskind, Wendy, Renteria, Genecee, Reuter, Chloe M., Rives, Lynette, Robertson, Amy K., Rodan, Lance H., Rosenfeld, Jill A., Rosenthal, Elizabeth, Rossignol, Francis, Ruzhnikov, Maura, Sabaii, Marla, Sacco, Ralph, Sampson, Jacinda B., Saporta, Mario, Schaechter, Judy, Schedl, Timothy, Schoch, Kelly, Scott, Daryl A., Seto, Elaine, Sharma, Prashant, Shashi, Vandana, Shelkowitz, Emily, Sheppeard, Sam, Shin, Jimann, Silverman, Edwin K., Sinsheimer, Janet S., Sisco, Kathy, Smith, Edward C., Smith, Kevin S., Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, Solomon, Ben, Spillmann, Rebecca C., Stergachis, Andrew, Stoler, Joan M., Sullivan, Kathleen, Sullivan, Jennifer A., Sutton, Shirley, Sweetser, David A., Sybert, Virginia, Tabor, Holly K., Tan, Queenie K.-G., Tan, Amelia L.M., Tarakad, Arjun, Taylor, Herman, Tekin, Mustafa, Telischi, Fred, Thorson, Willa, Tifft, Cynthia J., Toro, Camilo, Tran, Alyssa A., Ungar, Rachel A., Urv, Tiina K., Vanderver, Adeline, Velinder, Matt, Viskochil, Dave, Vogel, Tiphanie P., Wahl, Colleen E., Walker, Melissa, Walley, Nicole M., Wambach, Jennifer, Wan, Jijun, Wang, Lee-kai, Wangler, Michael F., Ward, Patricia A., Wegner, Daniel, Weisz Hubshman, Monika, Wener, Mark, Wenger, Tara, Westerfield, Monte, Wheeler, Matthew T., Whitlock, Jordan, Wolfe, Lynne A., Worley, Kim, Yamamoto, Shinya, Zhang, Zhe, Zuchner, Stephan, Scala, Marcello, Tomati, Valeria, Ferla, Matteo, Lena, Mariateresa, Cohen, Julie S., Fatemi, Ali, Brokamp, Elly, Koziura, Mary E., Nicouleau, Michael, Rio, Marlene, Siquier, Karine, Boddaert, Nathalie, Musante, Ilaria, Tamburro, Serena, Baldassari, Simona, Iacomino, Michele, Scudieri, Paolo, Bellus, Gary, Reed, Sara, Al Saif, Hind, Russo, Rossana Sanchez, Walsh, Matthew B., Cantagrel, Vincent, Crunk, Amy, Gustincich, Stefano, Ruggiero, Sarah M., Fitzgerald, Mark P., Helbig, Ingo, Striano, Pasquale, Severino, Mariasavina, Salpietro, Vincenzo, Pedemonte, Nicoletta, and Zara, Federico

Published
2024
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8. Neighborhood characteristics and ideal cardiovascular health among Black adults: results from the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity

Author

Islam, Shabatun J, Kim, Jeong Hwan, Baltrus, Peter, Topel, Matthew L, Liu, Chang, Ko, Yi-An, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Vaccarino, Viola, Sims, Mario, Mubasher, Mohamed, Khan, Ahsan, Ejaz, Kiran, Searles, Charles, Dunbar, Sandra, Pemu, Priscilla, Taylor, Herman A, Quyyumi, Arshed A, and Lewis, Tené T

Subjects
Cardiovascular, Behavioral and Social Science, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Adenosine, Adult, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Health Equity, Health Status, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neighborhood Characteristics, Risk Factors, Disparities, Neighborhood, Cardiovascular health, Cardiovascular disease risk factors, African Americans, Black adults, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Abstract

PurposeNeighborhood environment is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of cardiovascular health (CVH) among Black adults. Most research to date has focused on negative aspects of the neighborhood environment, with little attention being paid to the specific positive features, in particular the social environment, that promote cardiovascular resilience among Black adults.We examined whether better neighborhood physical and social characteristics are associated with ideal CVH among Black adults, as measured by Life's Simple 7 (LS7) scores.MethodsWe recruited 392 Black adults (age 53 ± 10 years, 39% men) without known CV disease living in Atlanta, GA. Seven neighborhood domains were assessed via questionnaire: asthetic quality, walking environment, safety, food access, social cohesion, activity with neighbors, and violence. CVH was determined by LS7 scores calculated from measured blood pressure; glucose; cholesterol; body mass index (BMI); and self-reported exercise, diet, and smoking, and categorized into poor (0-8), intermediate (9-10), and ideal (11-14). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between neighborhood characteristics and the odds of intermediate/ideal CVH categories compared with poor CVH after adjustment for age, gender, household income, education, marital status, and employment status.ResultsBetter scores in the neighborhood domains of social cohesion and activity with neighbors were significantly associated with higher adjusted odds of ideal LS7 scores (OR 2.02, 95% CI [1.36-3.01] and 1.71 [1.20-2.45] per 1 standard deviation [SD] increase in respective scores). These associations were stronger for both social cohesion (OR 2.61, 95% CI [1.48-4.61] vs. 1.40 [0.82-2.40]) and activity with neighbors (OR 1.82, 95% CI [1.15-2.86] vs. 1.53 [0.84-2.78]) in Black women than men. Specifically, better scores in social cohesion were associated with higher odds of ideal CVH in exercise (OR 1.73 [1.16-2.59]), diet (OR 1.90 [1.11-3.26]), and BMI (OR 1.52 [1.09-2.09]); better scores in activity with neighbors were also similarly associated with higher odds of ideal CVH in exercise (OR 1.48 [1.00-2.19]), diet (OR 2.15 [1.23-3.77]), and BMI (OR 1.45 [1.07-1.98]; per 1 SD in respective scores).ConclusionsMore desirable neighborhood characteristics, particularly social cohesion and activity with neighbors, were associated with better CVH among Black adults.

Published
2022

9. Association Between Early Trauma and Ideal Cardiovascular Health Among Black Americans: Results From the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity.

Author

Islam, Shabatun J, Hwan Kim, Jeong, Joseph, Emma, Topel, Matthew, Baltrus, Peter, Liu, Chang, Ko, Yi-An, Almuwaqqat, Zakaria, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Sims, Mario, Mubasher, Mohamed, Ejaz, Kiran, Searles, Charles, Dunbar, Sandra B, Pemu, Priscilla, Taylor, Herman, Bremner, J Douglas, Vaccarino, Viola, Quyyumi, Arshed A, and Lewis, Tené T

Subjects
Humans, Cardiovascular Diseases, Blood Glucose, Body Mass Index, Exercise, Risk Factors, Blood Pressure, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, American Heart Association, United States, Female, Male, Health Equity, Black or African American, adverse childhood experiences, cardiovascular disease, emotional abuse, health equity, obesity, risk factors, smoking, Heart Disease, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Cardiovascular, Nutrition, Behavioral and Social Science, Aging, Prevention, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Good Health and Well Being, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

BackgroundEarly trauma (general, emotional, physical, and sexual abuse before age 18 years) has been associated with both cardiovascular disease risk and lifestyle-related risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Despite higher prevalence, the association between early trauma and cardiovascular health (CVH) has been understudied in Black Americans, especially those from low-income backgrounds, who may be doubly vulnerable. Therefore, we investigated the association between early trauma and CVH, particularly among low-income Black Americans.MethodsWe recruited 457 Black adults (age 53±10, 38% male) without known cardiovascular disease from the Atlanta, GA, metropolitan area using personalized, community-based recruitment methods. The Early Trauma Inventory was administered to assess overall early traumatic life experiences which include physical, sexual, emotional abuse, and general trauma. Our primary outcome was the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7, which is a set of 7 CVH metrics, including 4 lifestyle-related factors (smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and diet) and three physiologically measured health factors (blood pressure, total blood cholesterol, and blood glucose). We used linear regression models adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and depression to test the association between early trauma and CVH and tested the early trauma by household income (

Published
2021

10. Identifying neighbourhood and individual resilience profiles for cardiovascular health: a cross-sectional study of blacks living in the Atlanta metropolitan area

Author

Ko, Yi-An, Shen, Jenny, Kim, Jeong Hwan, Topel, Matthew, Mujahid, Mahasin, Taylor, Herman, Quyyumi, Arshed, Sims, Mario, Vaccarino, Viola, Baltrus, Peter, and Lewis, Tene

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Cardiovascular, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric Research Initiative, Clinical Research, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Aged, Bayes Theorem, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Georgia, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, United States, coronary heart disease, epidemiology, mental health, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveTo simultaneously examine multiple individual-level neighbourhood perceptions and psychosocial characteristics and their relationships with cardiovascular health (CVH) among blacks.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSubjects were recruited between 2016 and 2018 via convenience sampling.Participants385 Black men and women, age 30-70 living in the Atlanta metropolitan area (Georgia, USA).Primary outcome measureIndividual's CVH was summarised as a composite score using American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7) metrics.MethodsWe implemented unsupervised learning (k-means) and supervised learning (Bayesian Dirichlet process clustering) to identify clusters based on 11 self-reported neighbourhood perception and psychosocial characteristics. We also performed principal component analysis to summarise neighbourhood perceptions and psychosocial variables and assess their associations with LS7 scores.ResultsK-means and Bayesian clustering resulted in 4 and 5 clusters, respectively. Based on the posterior distributions, higher LS7 scores were associated with better neighbourhood perceptions and psychosocial characteristics, including neighbourhood safety, social cohesion, activities with neighbours, environmental mastery, purpose in life, resilient coping and no depression. Taken together, the first principal components of neighbourhood perceptions and psychosocial characteristics were associated with an increase of 0.07 (95% CI -0.17 to 0.31) and 0.31 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.55) in LS7 score, respectively, after accounting for age, sex, household income and education level.ConclusionBoth neighbourhood perception and psychosocial domains were related to CVH, but individual psychosocial characteristics appeared to contribute to CVH most. Approaches that acknowledge the importance of factors in both domains may prove most beneficial for enhancing resilience and promoting CVH among black communities.

Published
2021

13. Individual Psychosocial Resilience, Neighborhood Context, and Cardiovascular Health in Black Adults

Author

Kim, Jeong Hwan, Islam, Shabatun J, Topel, Matthew L, Ko, Yi-An, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Vaccarino, Viola, Liu, Chang, Sims, Mario, Mubasher, Mohamed, Searles, Charles D, Dunbar, Sandra B, Pemu, Priscilla, Taylor, Herman A, Quyyumi, Arshed A, Baltrus, Peter, and Lewis, Tené T

Subjects
Epidemiology, Public Health, Health Sciences, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Behavioral and Social Science, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Georgia, Health Equity, Health Status Disparities, Healthcare Disparities, Healthy Lifestyle, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Race Factors, Residence Characteristics, Resilience, Psychological, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Social Determinants of Health, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, morbidity, racial disparities, resilience, risk factors, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundDespite well-documented cardiovascular disparities between racial groups, within-race determinants of cardiovascular health among Black adults remain understudied. Factors promoting cardiovascular resilience among Black adults in particular warrant further investigation. Our objective was to examine whether individual psychosocial resilience and neighborhood-level cardiovascular resilience were associated with better cardiovascular health in Black adults, measured utilizing Life's Simple 7 (LS7) scores.MethodsWe assessed LS7 scores in 389 Black adults (mean age, 53±10 years; 39% men) living in Atlanta, Georgia. A composite score of individual psychosocial resilience was created by assessing environmental mastery, purpose in life, optimism, resilient coping, and depressive symptoms. Neighborhood-level cardiovascular resilience was separately determined by the census tract-level rates of cardiovascular mortality/morbidity events. Generalized linear mixed regression models were used to examine the association between individual psychosocial resilience, neighborhood cardiovascular resilience, and LS7 scores.ResultsHigher individual psychosocial resilience was significantly associated with higher LS7 (β=0.38 [0.16-0.59] per 1 SD) after adjustment for sociodemographic factors. Similarly, higher neighborhood-level cardiovascular resilience was significantly associated with higher LS7 (β=0.23 [0.02-0.45] per 1 SD). When jointly examined, high individual psychosocial resilience (>median) was independently associated with higher LS7 (β=0.73 [0.31-1.17]), whereas living in high-resilience neighborhoods (>median) was not. The largest difference in LS7 score was between those with high and low psychosocial resilience living in low-resilience neighborhoods (8.38 [7.90-8.86] versus 7.42 [7.04-7.79]).ConclusionsIndividual psychosocial resilience in Black adults is associated with better cardiovascular health.

Published
2020

14. Cardiovascular Risk and Resilience Among Black Adults: Rationale and Design of the MECA Study

Author

Islam, Shabatun J, Kim, Jeong Hwan, Topel, Matthew, Liu, Chang, Ko, Yi‐An, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Sims, Mario, Mubasher, Mohamed, Ejaz, Kiran, Morgan‐Billingslea, Jan, Jones, Kia, Waller, Edmund K, Jones, Dean, Uppal, Karan, Dunbar, Sandra B, Pemu, Priscilla, Vaccarino, Viola, Searles, Charles D, Baltrus, Peter, Lewis, Tené T, Quyyumi, Arshed A, and Taylor, Herman

Subjects
Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Heart Disease, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, African Americans, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Georgia, Health Behavior, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Status Disparities, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Preventive Health Services, Prognosis, Race Factors, Research Design, Risk Assessment, Social Determinants of Health, Socioeconomic Factors, Urban Health, cardiovascular disease prevention, disparities, race and ethnicity, risk factor, Black or African American, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology
Abstract

Background Cardiovascular disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality have declined in the past several decades; however, disparities persist among subsets of the population. Notably, blacks have not experienced the same improvements on the whole as whites. Furthermore, frequent reports of relatively poorer health statistics among the black population have led to a broad assumption that black race reliably predicts relatively poorer health outcomes. However, substantial intraethnic and intraracial heterogeneity exists; moreover, individuals with similar risk factors and environmental exposures are often known to experience vastly different cardiovascular health outcomes. Thus, some individuals have good outcomes even in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, a concept known as resilience. Methods and Results The MECA (Morehouse-Emory Center for Health Equity) Study was designed to investigate the multilevel exposures that contribute to "resilience" in the face of risk for poor cardiovascular health among blacks in the greater Atlanta, GA, metropolitan area. We used census tract data to determine "at-risk" and "resilient" neighborhoods with high or low prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, based on cardiovascular death, hospitalization, and emergency department visits for blacks. More than 1400 individuals from these census tracts assented to demographic, health, and psychosocial questionnaires administered through telephone surveys. Afterwards, ≈500 individuals were recruited to enroll in a clinical study, where risk biomarkers, such as oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, endothelial progenitor cells, metabolomic and microRNA profiles, and subclinical vascular dysfunction were measured. In addition, comprehensive behavioral questionnaires were collected and ideal cardiovascular health metrics were assessed using the American Heart Association's Life Simple 7 measure. Last, 150 individuals with low Life Simple 7 were recruited and randomized to a behavioral mobile health (eHealth) plus health coach or eHealth only intervention and followed up for improvement. Conclusions The MECA Study is investigating socioenvironmental and individual behavioral measures that promote resilience to cardiovascular disease in blacks by assessing biological, functional, and molecular mechanisms. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clini​caltr​ials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03308812.

Published
2020

18. Individual Characteristics of Resilience are Associated With Lower‐Than‐Expected Neighborhood Rates of Cardiovascular Disease in Blacks: Results From the Morehouse‐Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity Study

Author

Topel, Matthew L, Kim, Jeong Hwan, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Ko, Yi‐An, Vaccarino, Viola, Mubasher, Mohamed, Liu, Chang, Dunbar, Sandra, Sims, Mario, Taylor, Herman A, Quyyumi, Arshed A, Baltrus, Peter, and Lewis, Tené T

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Research, Prevention, Mental Health, Heart Disease, Behavioral and Social Science, Cardiovascular, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Violence Research, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Attitude to Health, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Georgia, Health Equity, Humans, Male, Residence Characteristics, Resilience, Psychological, Risk Assessment, cardiovascular disease, community, health disparities, neighborhood, psychology and behavior, psychosocial factors, social determinants of health, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

Background Factors promoting cardiovascular health in the face of high risk, ie, resilience, are unknown and may identify novel areas of intervention for reducing racial health disparities. We examined neighborhood perceptions and psychological attributes of blacks living in high and low cardiovascular-risk neighborhoods, as potential characteristics of resilience promoting cardiovascular health. Methods and Results We identified 1433 blacks residing in census tracts of Atlanta, GA , with higher-than-expected ("high" risk) or lower-than-expected ("low" risk) rates of cardiovascular mortality, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits during 2010-2014. Domains of psychosocial well-being and neighborhood quality were assessed via telephone survey between August 2016 and October 2016. Using multilevel logistic regression, odds of reporting better resilient characteristics were compared between individuals living in low- versus high-risk neighborhoods. Those from low-risk (versus high-risk) neighborhoods reported better neighborhood aesthetic quality (odds ratio [ OR ], 1.84), healthy food access ( OR , 1.69), and absence of violence ( OR , 0.67). Individuals from low-risk neighborhoods reported greater optimism ( OR , 1.38), purpose in life ( OR , 1.42), and fewer depressive symptoms ( OR , 0.69). After full adjustment, these associations remained significant for neighborhood factors (aesthetic quality, healthy food access, violence) and psychosocial well-being (purpose in life). We found no evidence of differences in self-reported cardiovascular risk factors or disease history between low- versus high-risk neighborhoods. Conclusions Positive neighborhood environments and psychological characteristics are associated with low cardiovascular-risk neighborhoods, despite similar prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, in the census tracts studied. These factors may confer cardiovascular resilience among blacks.

Published
2019

19. Identification of Resilient and At-Risk Neighborhoods for Cardiovascular Disease Among Black Residents: the Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity Study

Author

Kim, Jeong Hwan, Lewis, Tené T, Topel, Matthew L, Mubasher, Mohamed, Li, Chaohua, Vaccarino, Viola, Mujahid, Mahasin S, Sims, Mario, Quyyumi, Arshed A, Taylor, Herman A, and Baltrus, Peter T

Subjects
Epidemiology, Public Health, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Heart Disease, Aging, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Black or African American, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cities, Female, Forecasting, Georgia, Health Equity, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Social Class, Public Health and Health Services, Health services and systems, Public health
Abstract

IntroductionDespite the growing interest in place as a determinant of health, areas that promote rather than reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) in blacks are understudied. We performed an ecologic analysis to identify areas with high levels of CVD resilience and risk among blacks from a large southern, US metropolitan area.MethodsWe obtained census tract-level rates of cardiovascular deaths, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations for black adults aged 35 to 64 from 2010 through 2014 for the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area. Census tracts with substantially lower rates of cardiovascular events on the basis of neighborhood socioeconomic status were identified as resilient and those with higher rates were identified as at risk. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of being classified as an at-risk versus resilient tract for differences in census-derived measures.ResultsWe identified 106 resilient and 121 at-risk census tracts, which differed in the rates per 5,000 person years of cardiovascular outcomes (mortality, 8.13 vs 13.81; ED visits, 32.25 vs 146.3; hospitalizations, 26.69 vs 130.0), despite similarities in their median black income ($46,123 vs $45,306). Tracts with a higher percentage of residents aged 65 or older (odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% CI, 1.41-3.85 per 5% increment) and those with incomes less than 200% of the federal poverty level (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39 per 5% increment) and greater Gini index (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.19- 2.07 per 0.05 increment) were more likely to be classified as at risk than resilient neighborhoods.DiscussionDespite matching on median income level, at-risk neighborhoods for CVD among black populations were associated with a higher prevalence of socioeconomic indicators of inequality than resilient neighborhoods.

Published
2019

20. Lessons Learned from the Jackson Heart Study

Author

Fox, Ervin R., Musani, Solomon K., Henderson, Frances C., Correa, Adolfo, Taylor, Herman A., Jr., Toth, Peter P., Series Editor, Ferdinand, Keith C., editor, Taylor, Jr., Herman A., editor, and Rodriguez, Carlos J., editor

Published
2021
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21. Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Outcomes

Author

Schultz, William M, Kelli, Heval M, Lisko, John C, Varghese, Tina, Shen, Jia, Sandesara, Pratik, Quyyumi, Arshed A, Taylor, Herman A, Gulati, Martha, Harold, John G, Mieres, Jennifer H, Ferdinand, Keith C, Mensah, George A, and Sperling, Laurence S

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Public Health, Health Sciences, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Heart Disease, Good Health and Well Being, Cardiovascular Diseases, Educational Status, Exercise, Health Behavior, Humans, Income, Risk Factors, Social Class, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, social class, social determinants of health, risk factors, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences, Sports science and exercise
Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES) has a measurable and significant effect on cardiovascular health. Biological, behavioral, and psychosocial risk factors prevalent in disadvantaged individuals accentuate the link between SES and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Four measures have been consistently associated with CVD in high-income countries: income level, educational attainment, employment status, and neighborhood socioeconomic factors. In addition, disparities based on sex have been shown in several studies. Interventions targeting patients with low SES have predominantly focused on modification of traditional CVD risk factors. Promising approaches are emerging that can be implemented on an individual, community, or population basis to reduce disparities in outcomes. Structured physical activity has demonstrated effectiveness in low-SES populations, and geomapping may be used to identify targets for large-scale programs. Task shifting, the redistribution of healthcare management from physician to nonphysician providers in an effort to improve access to health care, may have a role in select areas. Integration of SES into the traditional CVD risk prediction models may allow improved management of individuals with high risk, but cultural and regional differences in SES make generalized implementation challenging. Future research is required to better understand the underlying mechanisms of CVD risk that affect individuals of low SES and to determine effective interventions for patients with high risk. We review the current state of knowledge on the impact of SES on the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of CVD in high-income societies and suggest future research directions aimed at the elimination of these adverse factors, and the integration of measures of SES into the customization of cardiovascular treatment.

Published
2018

22. Concussion burden and later‐life cardiovascular risk factors in former professional American‐style football players

Author

Tan, Can Ozan, primary, Grashow, Rachel, additional, Thorpe, Roland, additional, Miller, Karen K., additional, Nathan, David M., additional, Izzy, Saef, additional, Radmanesh, Farid, additional, Kim, Jonathan H., additional, Weisskopf, Marc G., additional, Taylor, Herman A., additional, Zafonte, Ross D., additional, and Baggish, Aaron L., additional

Published
2024
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23. Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality Disparities by Race and Ethnicity During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Faust, Jeremy Samuel, primary, Renton, Benjamin, additional, Bongiovanni, Tasce, additional, Chen, Alexander Junxiang, additional, Sheares, Karen Dorsey, additional, Du, Chengan, additional, Essien, Utibe R., additional, Fuentes-Afflick, Elena, additional, Haywood, Trent, additional, Khera, Rohan, additional, King, Terris, additional, Li, Shu-Xia, additional, Lin, Zhenqiu, additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Marshall, Andrew D.A., additional, Ndumele, Chima D., additional, Opara, Ijeoma, additional, Loarte-Rodriguez, Tina, additional, Sawano, Mitsuaki, additional, Taparra, Kekoa, additional, Taylor, Herman A., additional, Watson, Karol E., additional, Yancy, Clyde W., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2024
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24. De novo variants in DENND5B cause a neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Scala, Marcello, primary, Tomati, Valeria, additional, Ferla, Matteo, additional, Lena, Mariateresa, additional, Cohen, Julie S., additional, Fatemi, Ali, additional, Brokamp, Elly, additional, Bican, Anna, additional, Phillips, John A., additional, Koziura, Mary E., additional, Nicouleau, Michael, additional, Rio, Marlene, additional, Siquier, Karine, additional, Boddaert, Nathalie, additional, Musante, Ilaria, additional, Tamburro, Serena, additional, Baldassari, Simona, additional, Iacomino, Michele, additional, Scudieri, Paolo, additional, Rosenfeld, Jill A., additional, Bellus, Gary, additional, Reed, Sara, additional, Al Saif, Hind, additional, Russo, Rossana Sanchez, additional, Walsh, Matthew B., additional, Cantagrel, Vincent, additional, Crunk, Amy, additional, Gustincich, Stefano, additional, Ruggiero, Sarah M., additional, Fitzgerald, Mark P., additional, Helbig, Ingo, additional, Striano, Pasquale, additional, Severino, Mariasavina, additional, Salpietro, Vincenzo, additional, Pedemonte, Nicoletta, additional, Zara, Federico, additional, Acosta, Maria T., additional, Adams, David R., additional, Alvarez, Raquel L., additional, Alvey, Justin, additional, Allworth, Aimee, additional, Andrews, Ashley, additional, Ashley, Euan A., additional, Afzali, Ben, additional, Bacino, Carlos A., additional, Bademci, Guney, additional, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, additional, Baldridge, Dustin, additional, Bale, Jim, additional, Bamshad, Michael, additional, Barbouth, Deborah, additional, Bayrak-Toydemir, Pinar, additional, Beck, Anita, additional, Beggs, Alan H., additional, Behrens, Edward, additional, Bejerano, Gill, additional, Bellen, Hugo J., additional, Bennett, Jimmy, additional, Bernstein, Jonathan A., additional, Berry, Gerard T., additional, Bivona, Stephanie, additional, Blue, Elizabeth, additional, Bohnsack, John, additional, Bonner, Devon, additional, Botto, Lorenzo, additional, Briere, Lauren C., additional, Brown, Gabrielle, additional, Burke, Elizabeth A., additional, Burrage, Lindsay C., additional, Butte, Manish J., additional, Byers, Peter, additional, Byrd, William E., additional, Carey, John, additional, Carrasquillo, Olveen, additional, Cassini, Thomas, additional, Chang, Ta Chen Peter, additional, Chanprasert, Sirisak, additional, Chao, HsiaoTuan, additional, Chinn, Ivan, additional, Clark, Gary D., additional, Coakley, Terra R., additional, Cobban, Laurel A., additional, Cogan, Joy D., additional, Coggins, Matthew, additional, Cole, F. Sessions, additional, Colley, Heather A., additional, Cope, Heidi, additional, Corona, Rosario, additional, Craigen, William J., additional, Crouse, Andrew B., additional, Cunningham, Michael, additional, D’Souza, Precilla, additional, Dai, Hongzheng, additional, Dasari, Surendra, additional, Davis, Joie, additional, Dayal, Jyoti G., additional, Delgado, Margaret, additional, Dell'Angelica, Esteban C., additional, Dipple, Katrina, additional, Doherty, Daniel, additional, Dorrani, Naghmeh, additional, Doss, Argenia L., additional, Douine, Emilie D., additional, Earl, Dawn, additional, Eckstein, David J., additional, Emrick, Lisa T., additional, Eng, Christine M., additional, Falk, Marni, additional, Fieg, Elizabeth L., additional, Fisher, Paul G., additional, Fogel, Brent L., additional, Forghani, Irman, additional, Fu, Jiayu, additional, Gahl, William A., additional, Glass, Ian, additional, Goddard, Page C., additional, Godfrey, Rena A., additional, Grajewski, Alana, additional, Gropman, Andrea, additional, Halley, Meghan C., additional, Hamid, Rizwan, additional, Hanchard, Neal, additional, Hassey, Kelly, additional, Hayes, Nichole, additional, High, Frances, additional, Hing, Anne, additional, Hisama, Fuki M., additional, Holm, Ingrid A., additional, Hom, Jason, additional, Horike-Pyne, Martha, additional, Huang, Alden, additional, Huang, Yan, additional, Hutchison, Sarah, additional, Introne, Wendy, additional, Isasi, Rosario, additional, Izumi, Kosuke, additional, Jarvik, Gail P., additional, Jarvik, Jeffrey, additional, Jayadev, Suman, additional, Jean-Marie, Orpa, additional, Jobanputra, Vaidehi, additional, Kaitryn, Emerald, additional, Ketkar, Shamika, additional, Kiley, Dana, additional, Kilich, Gonench, additional, Kobren, Shilpa N., additional, Kohane, Isaac S., additional, Kohler, Jennefer N., additional, Korrick, Susan, additional, Krakow, Deborah, additional, Krasnewich, Donna M., additional, Kravets, Elijah, additional, Lalani, Seema R., additional, Lam, Byron, additional, Lam, Christina, additional, Lanpher, Brendan C., additional, Lanza, Ian R., additional, LeBlanc, Kimberly, additional, Lee, Brendan H., additional, Levitt, Roy, additional, Lewis, Richard A., additional, Liu, Pengfei, additional, Liu, Xue Zhong, additional, Longo, Nicola, additional, Loo, Sandra K., additional, Loscalzo, Joseph, additional, Maas, Richard L., additional, Macnamara, Ellen F., additional, MacRae, Calum A., additional, Maduro, Valerie V., additional, Maghiro, AudreyStephannie, additional, Mahoney, Rachel, additional, Malicdan, May Christine V., additional, Mamounas, Laura A., additional, Manolio, Teri A., additional, Mao, Rong, additional, Marom, Ronit, additional, Marth, Gabor, additional, Martin, Beth A., additional, Martin, Martin G., additional, Martínez-Agosto, Julian A., additional, Marwaha, Shruti, additional, McCauley, Jacob, additional, McConkie-Rosell, Allyn, additional, McCray, Alexa T., additional, McGee, Elisabeth, additional, Might, Matthew, additional, Miller, Danny, additional, Mirzaa, Ghayda, additional, Morava, Eva, additional, Moretti, Paolo, additional, Morimoto, Marie, additional, Mulvihill, John J., additional, Nakano-Okuno, Mariko, additional, Nelson, Stanley F., additional, Nieves-Rodriguez, Shirley, additional, Novacic, Donna, additional, Oglesbee, Devin, additional, Orengo, James P., additional, Pace, Laura, additional, Pak, Stephen, additional, Pallais, J. Carl, additional, Papp, Jeanette C., additional, Parker, Neil H., additional, Petcharet, Leoyklang, additional, Posey, Jennifer E., additional, Potocki, Lorraine, additional, Swerdzewski, Barbara N. Pusey, additional, Quinlan, Aaron, additional, Rao, Deepak A., additional, Raper, Anna, additional, Raskind, Wendy, additional, Renteria, Genecee, additional, Reuter, Chloe M., additional, Rives, Lynette, additional, Robertson, Amy K., additional, Rodan, Lance H., additional, Rosenthal, Elizabeth, additional, Rossignol, Francis, additional, Ruzhnikov, Maura, additional, Sabaii, Marla, additional, Sacco, Ralph, additional, Sampson, Jacinda B., additional, Saporta, Mario, additional, Schaechter, Judy, additional, Schedl, Timothy, additional, Schoch, Kelly, additional, Scott, Daryl A., additional, Seto, Elaine, additional, Sharma, Prashant, additional, Shashi, Vandana, additional, Shelkowitz, Emily, additional, Sheppeard, Sam, additional, Shin, Jimann, additional, Silverman, Edwin K., additional, Sinsheimer, Janet S., additional, Sisco, Kathy, additional, Smith, Edward C., additional, Smith, Kevin S., additional, Solnica-Krezel, Lilianna, additional, Solomon, Ben, additional, Spillmann, Rebecca C., additional, Stergachis, Andrew, additional, Stoler, Joan M., additional, Sullivan, Kathleen, additional, Sullivan, Jennifer A., additional, Sutton, Shirley, additional, Sweetser, David A., additional, Sybert, Virginia, additional, Tabor, Holly K., additional, Tan, Queenie K.-G., additional, Tan, Amelia L.M., additional, Tarakad, Arjun, additional, Taylor, Herman, additional, Tekin, Mustafa, additional, Telischi, Fred, additional, Thorson, Willa, additional, Tifft, Cynthia J., additional, Toro, Camilo, additional, Tran, Alyssa A., additional, Ungar, Rachel A., additional, Urv, Tiina K., additional, Vanderver, Adeline, additional, Velinder, Matt, additional, Viskochil, Dave, additional, Vogel, Tiphanie P., additional, Wahl, Colleen E., additional, Walker, Melissa, additional, Walley, Nicole M., additional, Wambach, Jennifer, additional, Wan, Jijun, additional, Wang, Lee-kai, additional, Wangler, Michael F., additional, Ward, Patricia A., additional, Wegner, Daniel, additional, Weisz Hubshman, Monika, additional, Wener, Mark, additional, Wenger, Tara, additional, Westerfield, Monte, additional, Wheeler, Matthew T., additional, Whitlock, Jordan, additional, Wolfe, Lynne A., additional, Worley, Kim, additional, Yamamoto, Shinya, additional, Zhang, Zhe, additional, and Zuchner, Stephan, additional

Published
2024
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26. Type 2 Diabetes Variants Disrupt Function of SLC16A11 through Two Distinct Mechanisms

Author

Rusu, Victor, Hoch, Eitan, Mercader, Josep M, Tenen, Danielle E, Gymrek, Melissa, Hartigan, Christina R, DeRan, Michael, von Grotthuss, Marcin, Fontanillas, Pierre, Spooner, Alexandra, Guzman, Gaelen, Deik, Amy A, Pierce, Kerry A, Dennis, Courtney, Clish, Clary B, Carr, Steven A, Wagner, Bridget K, Schenone, Monica, Ng, Maggie CY, Chen, Brian H, Consortium, MEDIA, Shriner, Daniel, Li, Jiang, Chen, Wei-Min, Guo, Xiuqing, Liu, Jiankang, Bielinski, Suzette J, Yanek, Lisa R, Nalls, Michael A, Comeau, Mary E, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Jensen, Richard A, Evans, Daniel S, Sun, Yan V, An, Ping, Patel, Sanjay R, Lu, Yingchang, Long, Jirong, Armstrong, Loren L, Wagenknecht, Lynne, Yang, Lingyao, Snively, Beverly M, Palmer, Nicholette D, Mudgal, Poorva, Langefeld, Carl D, Keene, Keith L, Freedman, Barry I, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Nayak, Uma, Raffel, Leslie J, Goodarzi, Mark O, Chen, Y-D Ida, Taylor, Herman A, Correa, Adolfo, Sims, Mario, Couper, David, Pankow, James S, Boerwinkle, Eric, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Doumatey, Ayo, Chen, Guanjie, Mathias, Rasika A, Vaidya, Dhananjay, Singleton, Andrew B, Zonderman, Alan B, Igo, Robert P, Sedor, John R, Consortium, the FIND, Kabagambe, Edmond K, Siscovick, David S, McKnight, Barbara, Rice, Kenneth, Liu, Yongmei, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Zhao, Wei, Bielak, Lawrence F, Kraja, Aldi, Province, Michael A, Bottinger, Erwin P, Gottesman, Omri, Cai, Qiuyin, Zheng, Wei, Blot, William J, Lowe, William L, Pacheco, Jennifer A, Crawford, Dana C, Consortium, the eMERGE, Consortium, the DIAGRAM, Grundberg, Elin, Consortium, the MuTHER, Rich, Stephen S, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Loos, Ruth JF, Borecki, Ingrid B, Peyser, Patricia A, Cummings, Steven R, and Psaty, Bruce M

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Clinical Research, Diabetes, Digestive Diseases, Liver Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Basigin, Cell Membrane, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Haplotypes, Hepatocytes, Heterozygote, Histone Code, Humans, Liver, Models, Molecular, Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters, MEDIA Consortium, SIGMA T2D Consortium, MCT11, SLC16A11, disease mechanism, fatty acid metabolism, genetics, lipid metabolism, monocarboxylates, precision medicine, solute carrier, type 2 diabetes, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects Latinos at twice the rate seen in populations of European descent. We recently identified a risk haplotype spanning SLC16A11 that explains ∼20% of the increased T2D prevalence in Mexico. Here, through genetic fine-mapping, we define a set of tightly linked variants likely to contain the causal allele(s). We show that variants on the T2D-associated haplotype have two distinct effects: (1) decreasing SLC16A11 expression in liver and (2) disrupting a key interaction with basigin, thereby reducing cell-surface localization. Both independent mechanisms reduce SLC16A11 function and suggest SLC16A11 is the causal gene at this locus. To gain insight into how SLC16A11 disruption impacts T2D risk, we demonstrate that SLC16A11 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter and that genetic perturbation of SLC16A11 induces changes in fatty acid and lipid metabolism that are associated with increased T2D risk. Our findings suggest that increasing SLC16A11 function could be therapeutically beneficial for T2D. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

Published
2017

27. Perceived Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Suicidality in Former Professional Football Players

Author

Grashow, Rachel, Terry, Douglas P., Iverson, Grant L., DiGregorio, Heather, Dairi, Inana, Brown, Cheyenne, Atkeson, Paula S., Whittington, Alicia J., Reese, LeRoy, Kim, Jonathan H., Konstantinides, Niki, Taylor, Herman A., Speizer, Frank E., Daneshvar, Daniel H., Zafonte, Ross D., Weisskopf, Marc G., and Baggish, Aaron L.

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Participation in American-style football (ASF) has been linked to chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathological change (CTE-NC), a specific neuropathologic finding that can only be established at autopsy. Despite being a postmortem diagnosis, living former ASF players may perceive themselves to have CTE-NC. At present, the proportion and clinical correlates of living former professional ASF athletes with perceived CTE who report suicidality are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion, clinical correlates, and suicidality of living former professional ASF players with perceived CTE. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study within the Football Players Health Study at Harvard University was conducted from 2017 to 2020. Using electronic and paper surveys, this population-based study included former ASF players who contracted with a professional league from 1960 to 2020 and volunteered to fill out a baseline survey. Data for this study were analyzed from June 2023 through March 2024. EXPOSURES: Data included demographics, football-related exposures (eg, position, career duration), and current health problems (anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, diabetes, emotional and behavioral dyscontrol symptoms, headache, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, low testosterone level, pain, sleep apnea, and subjective cognitive function). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The proportion of participants reporting perceived CTE. Univariable and multivariable models were used to determine clinical and suicidality correlates of perceived CTE. RESULTS: Among 4180 former professional ASF players who volunteered to fill out a baseline survey, 1980 (47.4%) provided follow-up data (mean [SD] age, 57.7 [13.9] years). A total of 681 participants (34.4%) reported perceived CTE. Subjective cognitive difficulties, low testosterone level, headache, concussion signs and symptoms accrued during playing years, depressive/emotional and behavioral dyscontrol symptoms, pain, and younger age were significantly associated with perceived CTE. Suicidality was reported by 171 of 681 participants with perceived CTE (25.4%) and 64 of 1299 without perceived CTE (5.0%). After adjusting for established suicidality predictors (eg, depression), men with perceived CTE remained twice as likely to report suicidality (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.36-3.12; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study found that approximately one-third of living former professional ASF players reported perceived CTE. Men with perceived CTE had an increased prevalence of suicidality and were more likely to have health problems associated with cognitive impairment compared with men without perceived CTE. Perceived CTE represents a novel risk factor for suicidality and, if present, should motivate the diagnostic assessment and treatment of medical and behavioral conditions that may be misattributed to CTE-NC.

Published
2024
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31. Fine-mapping, novel loci identification, and SNP association transferability in a genome-wide association study of QRS duration in African Americans

Author

Evans, Daniel S, Avery, Christy L, Nalls, Mike A, Li, Guo, Barnard, John, Smith, Erin N, Tanaka, Toshiko, Butler, Anne M, Buxbaum, Sarah G, Alonso, Alvaro, Arking, Dan E, Berenson, Gerald S, Bis, Joshua C, Buyske, Steven, Carty, Cara L, Chen, Wei, Chung, Mina K, Cummings, Steven R, Deo, Rajat, Eaton, Charles B, Fox, Ervin R, Heckbert, Susan R, Heiss, Gerardo, Hindorff, Lucia A, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Isaacs, Aaron, Jamshidi, Yalda, Kerr, Kathleen F, Liu, Felix, Liu, Yongmei, Lohman, Kurt K, Magnani, Jared W, Maher, Joseph F, Mehra, Reena, Meng, Yan A, Musani, Solomon K, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, North, Kari E, Psaty, Bruce M, Redline, Susan, Rotter, Jerome I, Schnabel, Renate B, Schork, Nicholas J, Shohet, Ralph V, Singleton, Andrew B, Smith, Jonathan D, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Taylor, Herman A, Van Wagoner, David R, Wilson, James G, Young, Taylor, Zhang, Zhu-Ming, Zonderman, Alan B, Evans, Michele K, Ferrucci, Luigi, Murray, Sarah S, Tranah, Gregory J, Whitsel, Eric A, Reiner, Alex P, Consortium, CHARGE QRS, and Sotoodehnia, Nona

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Black or African American, Alleles, Cardiovascular Diseases, Electrocardiography, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Myocardium, NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, CHARGE QRS Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

The electrocardiographic QRS duration, a measure of ventricular depolarization and conduction, is associated with cardiovascular mortality. While single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with QRS duration have been identified at 22 loci in populations of European descent, the genetic architecture of QRS duration in non-European populations is largely unknown. We therefore performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of QRS duration in 13,031 African Americans from ten cohorts and a transethnic GWAS meta-analysis with additional results from populations of European descent. In the African American GWAS, a single genome-wide significant SNP association was identified (rs3922844, P = 4 × 10-14) in intron 16 of SCN5A, a voltage-gated cardiac sodium channel gene. The QRS-prolonging rs3922844 C allele was also associated with decreased SCN5A RNA expression in human atrial tissue (P = 1.1 × 10-4). High density genotyping revealed that the SCN5A association region in African Americans was confined to intron 16. Transethnic GWAS meta-analysis identified novel SNP associations on chromosome 18 in MYL12A (rs1662342, P = 4.9 × 10-8) and chromosome 1 near CD1E and SPTA1 (rs7547997, P = 7.9 × 10-9). The 22 QRS loci previously identified in populations of European descent were enriched for significant SNP associations with QRS duration in African Americans (P = 9.9 × 10-7), and index SNP associations in or near SCN5A, SCN10A, CDKN1A, NFIA, HAND1, TBX5 and SETBP1 replicated in African Americans. In summary, rs3922844 was associated with QRS duration and SCN5A expression, two novel QRS loci were identified using transethnic meta-analysis, and a significant proportion of QRS-SNP associations discovered in populations of European descent were transferable to African Americans when adequate power was achieved.

Published
2016

32. Cardiovascular Risk Factor Targets and Cardiovascular Disease Event Risk in Diabetes: A Pooling Project of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and Jackson Heart Study

Author

Wong, Nathan D, Zhao, Yanglu, Patel, Rohini, Patao, Christopher, Malik, Shaista, Bertoni, Alain G, Correa, Adolfo, Folsom, Aaron R, Kachroo, Sumesh, Mukherjee, Jayanti, Taylor, Herman, and Selvin, Elizabeth

Subjects
Prevention, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Aging, Cardiovascular, Clinical Research, Atherosclerosis, Heart Disease, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Ethnicity, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors, United States
Abstract

ObjectiveControlling cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in diabetes mellitus (DM) reduces the number of CVD events, but the effects of multifactorial risk factor control are not well quantified. We examined whether being at targets for blood pressure (BP), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) together are associated with lower risks for CVD events in U.S. adults with DM.Research design and methodsWe studied 2,018 adults, 28-86 years of age with DM but without known CVD, from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), and Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Cox regression examined coronary heart disease (CHD) and CVD events over a mean 11-year follow-up in those individuals at BP, LDL-C, and HbA1c target levels, and by the number of controlled risk factors.ResultsOf 2,018 DM subjects (43% male, 55% African American), 41.8%, 32.1%, and 41.9% were at target levels for BP, LDL-C, and HbA1c, respectively; 41.1%, 26.5%, and 7.2% were at target levels for any one, two, or all three factors, respectively. Being at BP, LDL-C, or HbA1c target levels related to 17%, 33%, and 37% lower CVD risks and 17%, 41%, and 36% lower CHD risks, respectively (P < 0.05 to P < 0.0001, except for BP in CHD risk); those subjects with one, two, or all three risk factors at target levels (vs. none) had incrementally lower adjusted risks of CVD events of 36%, 52%, and 62%, respectively, and incrementally lower adjusted risks of CHD events of 41%, 56%, and 60%, respectively (P < 0.001 to P < 0.0001). Propensity score adjustment showed similar findings.ConclusionsOptimal levels of BP, LDL-C, and HbA1c occurring together in individuals with DM are uncommon, but are associated with substantially lower risk of CHD and CVD.

Published
2016

34. African Ancestry Analysis and Admixture Genetic Mapping for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African AmericansProliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans

Author

Tandon, Arti, Chen, Ching J, Penman, Alan, Hancock, Heather, James, Maurice, Husain, Deeba, Andreoli, Christopher, Li, Xiaohui, Kuo, Jane Z, Idowu, Omolola, Riche, Daniel, Papavasilieou, Evangelia, Brauner, Stacey, Smith, Sataria O, Hoadley, Suzanne, Richardson, Cole, Kieser, Troy, Vazquez, Vanessa, Chi, Cheryl, Fernandez, Marlene, Harden, Maegan, Cotch, Mary Frances, Siscovick, David, Taylor, Herman A, Wilson, James G, Reich, David, Wong, Tien Y, Klein, Ronald, Klein, Barbara EK, Rotter, Jerome I, Patterson, Nick, and Sobrin, Lucia

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology and Optometry, Human Genome, Diabetes, Genetics, Prevention, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Metabolic and endocrine, Adult, Black or African American, Aged, Blood Pressure, Case-Control Studies, Chromosome Mapping, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Retinopathy, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, genetics, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, African Americans, admixture, ancestry, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Ophthalmology & Optometry, Ophthalmology and optometry
Abstract

PurposeTo examine the relationship between proportion of African ancestry (PAA) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to identify genetic loci associated with PDR using admixture mapping in African Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsBetween 1993 and 2013, 1440 participants enrolled in four different studies had fundus photographs graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. Cases (n = 305) had PDR while controls (n = 1135) had nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) or no DR. Covariates included diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1C, systolic blood pressure, income, and education. Genotyping was performed on the Affymetrix platform. The association between PAA and PDR was evaluated using logistic regression. Genome-wide admixture scanning was performed using ANCESTRYMAP software.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, PDR was associated with increased PAA (odds ratio [OR] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.59, P = 0.0002). In multivariate regression adjusting for traditional DR risk factors, income and education, the association between PAA and PDR was attenuated and no longer significant (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.59-2.47, P = 0.61). For the admixture analyses, the maximum genome-wide score was 1.44 on chromosome 1.ConclusionsIn this largest study of PDR in African Americans with T2D to date, an association between PAA and PDR is not present after adjustment for clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors. No genome-wide significant locus (defined as having a locus-genome statistic > 5) was identified with admixture analysis. Further analyses with even larger sample sizes are needed to definitively assess if any admixture signal for DR is present.

Published
2015

35. Drug-Gene Interactions of Antihypertensive Medications and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Pharmacogenomics Study from the CHARGE Consortium.

Author

Bis, Joshua C, Sitlani, Colleen, Irvin, Ryan, Avery, Christy L, Smith, Albert Vernon, Sun, Fangui, Evans, Daniel S, Musani, Solomon K, Li, Xiaohui, Trompet, Stella, Krijthe, Bouwe P, Harris, Tamara B, Quibrera, P Miguel, Brody, Jennifer A, Demissie, Serkalem, Davis, Barry R, Wiggins, Kerri L, Tranah, Gregory J, Lange, Leslie A, Sotoodehnia, Nona, Stott, David J, Franco, Oscar H, Launer, Lenore J, Stürmer, Til, Taylor, Kent D, Cupples, L Adrienne, Eckfeldt, John H, Smith, Nicholas L, Liu, Yongmei, Wilson, James G, Heckbert, Susan R, Buckley, Brendan M, Ikram, M Arfan, Boerwinkle, Eric, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, de Craen, Anton JM, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Rotter, Jerome I, Ford, Ian, Hofman, Albert, Sattar, Naveed, Slagboom, P Eline, Westendorp, Rudi GJ, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Vasan, Ramachandran S, Lumley, Thomas, Cummings, Steven R, Taylor, Herman A, Post, Wendy, Jukema, J Wouter, Stricker, Bruno H, Whitsel, Eric A, Psaty, Bruce M, and Arnett, Donna

Subjects
Humans, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Antihypertensive Agents, Treatment Outcome, Incidence, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Aged, Middle Aged, African Americans, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundHypertension is a major risk factor for a spectrum of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including myocardial infarction, sudden death, and stroke. In the US, over 65 million people have high blood pressure and a large proportion of these individuals are prescribed antihypertensive medications. Although large long-term clinical trials conducted in the last several decades have identified a number of effective antihypertensive treatments that reduce the risk of future clinical complications, responses to therapy and protection from cardiovascular events vary among individuals.MethodsUsing a genome-wide association study among 21,267 participants with pharmaceutically treated hypertension, we explored the hypothesis that genetic variants might influence or modify the effectiveness of common antihypertensive therapies on the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes. The classes of drug treatments included angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics. In the setting of the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium, each study performed array-based genome-wide genotyping, imputed to HapMap Phase II reference panels, and used additive genetic models in proportional hazards or logistic regression models to evaluate drug-gene interactions for each of four therapeutic drug classes. We used meta-analysis to combine study-specific interaction estimates for approximately 2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a discovery analysis among 15,375 European Ancestry participants (3,527 CVD cases) with targeted follow-up in a case-only study of 1,751 European Ancestry GenHAT participants as well as among 4,141 African-Americans (1,267 CVD cases).ResultsAlthough drug-SNP interactions were biologically plausible, exposures and outcomes were well measured, and power was sufficient to detect modest interactions, we did not identify any statistically significant interactions from the four antihypertensive therapy meta-analyses (Pinteraction > 5.0×10-8). Similarly, findings were null for meta-analyses restricted to 66 SNPs with significant main effects on coronary artery disease or blood pressure from large published genome-wide association studies (Pinteraction ≥ 0.01). Our results suggest that there are no major pharmacogenetic influences of common SNPs on the relationship between blood pressure medications and the risk of incident CVD.

Published
2015

38. Rare variants in PPARG with decreased activity in adipocyte differentiation are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes

Author

Majithia, Amit R, Flannick, Jason, Shahinian, Peter, Guo, Michael, Bray, Mark-Anthony, Fontanillas, Pierre, Gabriel, Stacey B, Rosen, Evan D, Altshuler, David, Manning, Alisa K, Hartl, Christopher, Agarwala, Vineeta, Green, Todd, Banks, Eric, DePristo, Mark, Poplin, Ryan, Shakir, Khalid, Fennell, Timothy, Njølstad, Pål R, Burtt, Noël, Gabriel, Stacey, Fuchsberger, Christian, Kang, Hun Min, Sim, Xueling, Ma, Clement, Locke, Adam, Blackwell, Thomas, Jackson, Anne, Teslovich, Tanya M, Stringham, Heather, Chines, Peter, Kwan, Phoenix, Huyghe, Jeroen, Tan, Adrian, Jun, Goo, Stitzel, Michael, Bergman, Richard N, Bonnycastle, Lori, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Collins, Francis S, Scott, Laura, Mohlke, Karen, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Boehnke, Michael, Strom, Tim, Gieger, Christian, Nurasyid, Martina Müller, Grallert, Harald, Kriebel, Jennifer, Ried, Janina, de Angelis, Martin Hrabé, Huth, Cornelia, Meisinger, Christa, Peters, Annette, Rathmann, Wolfgang, Strauch, Konstantin, Meitinger, Thomas, Kravic, Jasmina, Algren, Peter, Ladenvall, Claes, Toumi, Tiinamaija, Isomaa, Bo, Groop, Leif, Gaulton, Kyle, Moutsianas, Loukas, Rivas, Manny, Pearson, Richard, Mahajan, Anubha, Prokopenko, Inga, Kumar, Ashish, Perry, John, Howie, Bryan, van de Bunt, Martijn, Small, Kerrin, Lindgren, Cecilia, Lunter, Gerton, Robertson, Neil, Rayner, William, Morris, Andrew, Buck, David, Hattersley, Andrew, Spector, Tim, McVean, Gil, Frayling, Tim, Donnelly, Peter, McCarthy, Mark, Gupta, Namrata, Taylor, Herman, Fox, Ervin, Cheh, Christopher Newton, Wilson, James G, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Kathiresan, Sekar, Hirschhorn, Joel, Seidman, JG, and Seidman, Christine

Subjects
Genetics, Biotechnology, Human Genome, Diabetes, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Adipocytes, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Cell Differentiation, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Ethnicity, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, PPAR gamma, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, GoT2D Consortium, NHGRI JHS/FHS Allelic Spectrum Project, SIGMA T2D Consortium, T2D-GENES Consortium
Abstract

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a master transcriptional regulator of adipocyte differentiation and a canonical target of antidiabetic thiazolidinedione medications. In rare families, loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in PPARG are known to cosegregate with lipodystrophy and insulin resistance; in the general population, the common P12A variant is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whether and how rare variants in PPARG and defects in adipocyte differentiation influence risk of T2D in the general population remains undetermined. By sequencing PPARG in 19,752 T2D cases and controls drawn from multiple studies and ethnic groups, we identified 49 previously unidentified, nonsynonymous PPARG variants (MAF < 0.5%). Considered in aggregate (with or without computational prediction of functional consequence), these rare variants showed no association with T2D (OR = 1.35; P = 0.17). The function of the 49 variants was experimentally tested in a novel high-throughput human adipocyte differentiation assay, and nine were found to have reduced activity in the assay. Carrying any of these nine LOF variants was associated with a substantial increase in risk of T2D (OR = 7.22; P = 0.005). The combination of large-scale DNA sequencing and functional testing in the laboratory reveals that approximately 1 in 1,000 individuals carries a variant in PPARG that reduces function in a human adipocyte differentiation assay and is associated with a substantial risk of T2D.

Published
2014

39. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in African Americans provides insights into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes.

Author

Ng, Maggie CY, Shriner, Daniel, Chen, Brian H, Li, Jiang, Chen, Wei-Min, Guo, Xiuqing, Liu, Jiankang, Bielinski, Suzette J, Yanek, Lisa R, Nalls, Michael A, Comeau, Mary E, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Jensen, Richard A, Evans, Daniel S, Sun, Yan V, An, Ping, Patel, Sanjay R, Lu, Yingchang, Long, Jirong, Armstrong, Loren L, Wagenknecht, Lynne, Yang, Lingyao, Snively, Beverly M, Palmer, Nicholette D, Mudgal, Poorva, Langefeld, Carl D, Keene, Keith L, Freedman, Barry I, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Nayak, Uma, Raffel, Leslie J, Goodarzi, Mark O, Chen, Y-D Ida, Taylor, Herman A, Correa, Adolfo, Sims, Mario, Couper, David, Pankow, James S, Boerwinkle, Eric, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Doumatey, Ayo, Chen, Guanjie, Mathias, Rasika A, Vaidya, Dhananjay, Singleton, Andrew B, Zonderman, Alan B, Igo, Robert P, Sedor, John R, FIND Consortium, Kabagambe, Edmond K, Siscovick, David S, McKnight, Barbara, Rice, Kenneth, Liu, Yongmei, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, Zhao, Wei, Bielak, Lawrence F, Kraja, Aldi, Province, Michael A, Bottinger, Erwin P, Gottesman, Omri, Cai, Qiuyin, Zheng, Wei, Blot, William J, Lowe, William L, Pacheco, Jennifer A, Crawford, Dana C, eMERGE Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, Grundberg, Elin, MuTHER Consortium, Rich, Stephen S, Hayes, M Geoffrey, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Loos, Ruth JF, Borecki, Ingrid B, Peyser, Patricia A, Cummings, Steven R, Psaty, Bruce M, Fornage, Myriam, Iyengar, Sudha K, Evans, Michele K, Becker, Diane M, Kao, WH Linda, Wilson, James G, Rotter, Jerome I, Sale, Michèle M, Liu, Simin, Rotimi, Charles N, Bowden, Donald W, and MEta-analysis of type 2 DIabetes in African Americans Consortium

Subjects
FIND Consortium, eMERGE Consortium, DIAGRAM Consortium, MuTHER Consortium, MEta-analysis of type 2 DIabetes in African Americans Consortium, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, HMGA2 Protein, HLA-B27 Antigen, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, African Americans, Mutant Chimeric Proteins, KCNQ1 Potassium Channel, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein, Human Genome, Diabetes, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more prevalent in African Americans than in Europeans. However, little is known about the genetic risk in African Americans despite the recent identification of more than 70 T2D loci primarily by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry. In order to investigate the genetic architecture of T2D in African Americans, the MEta-analysis of type 2 DIabetes in African Americans (MEDIA) Consortium examined 17 GWAS on T2D comprising 8,284 cases and 15,543 controls in African Americans in stage 1 analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) association analysis was conducted in each study under the additive model after adjustment for age, sex, study site, and principal components. Meta-analysis of approximately 2.6 million genotyped and imputed SNPs in all studies was conducted using an inverse variance-weighted fixed effect model. Replications were performed to follow up 21 loci in up to 6,061 cases and 5,483 controls in African Americans, and 8,130 cases and 38,987 controls of European ancestry. We identified three known loci (TCF7L2, HMGA2 and KCNQ1) and two novel loci (HLA-B and INS-IGF2) at genome-wide significance (4.15 × 10(-94)

Published
2014

40. Meta-analysis of loci associated with age at natural menopause in African-American women

Author

Chen, Christina TL, Liu, Ching-Ti, Chen, Gary K, Andrews, Jeanette S, Arnold, Alice M, Dreyfus, Jill, Franceschini, Nora, Garcia, Melissa E, Kerr, Kathleen F, Li, Guo, Lohman, Kurt K, Musani, Solomon K, Nalls, Michael A, Raffel, Leslie J, Smith, Jennifer, Ambrosone, Christine B, Bandera, Elisa V, Bernstein, Leslie, Britton, Angela, Brzyski, Robert G, Cappola, Anne, Carlson, Christopher S, Couper, David, Deming, Sandra L, Goodarzi, Mark O, Heiss, Gerardo, John, Esther M, Lu, Xiaoning, Le Marchand, Loic, Marciante, Kristin, Mcknight, Barbara, Millikan, Robert, Nock, Nora L, Olshan, Andrew F, Press, Michael F, Vaiyda, Dhananjay, Woods, Nancy F, Taylor, Herman A, Zhao, Wei, Zheng, Wei, Evans, Michele K, Harris, Tamara B, Henderson, Brian E, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kooperberg, Charles, Liu, Yongmei, Mosley, Thomas H, Psaty, Bruce, Wellons, Melissa, Windham, Beverly G, Zonderman, Alan B, Cupples, L Adrienne, Demerath, Ellen W, Haiman, Christopher, Murabito, Joanne M, and Rajkovic, Aleksandar

Subjects
Contraception/Reproduction, Estrogen, Genetics, Human Genome, Aging, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Reproductive health and childbirth, Black or African American, Age Factors, Chromosomes, Human, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Menopause, United States, White People, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Age at menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive life and its timing associates with risks for cancer, cardiovascular and bone disorders. GWAS and candidate gene studies conducted in women of European ancestry have identified 27 loci associated with age at menopause. The relevance of these loci to women of African ancestry has not been previously studied. We therefore sought to uncover additional menopause loci and investigate the relevance of European menopause loci by performing a GWAS meta-analysis in 6510 women with African ancestry derived from 11 studies across the USA. We did not identify any additional loci significantly associated with age at menopause in African Americans. We replicated the associations between six loci and age at menopause (P-value < 0.05): AMHR2, RHBLD2, PRIM1, HK3/UMC1, BRSK1/TMEM150B and MCM8. In addition, associations of 14 loci are directionally consistent with previous reports. We provide evidence that genetic variants influencing reproductive traits identified in European populations are also important in women of African ancestry residing in USA.

Published
2014

41. Sequencing of SCN5A Identifies Rare and Common Variants Associated With Cardiac Conduction

Author

Magnani, Jared W, Brody, Jennifer A, Prins, Bram P, Arking, Dan E, Lin, Honghuang, Yin, Xiaoyan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Morrison, Alanna C, Zhang, Feng, Spector, Tim D, Alonso, Alvaro, Bis, Joshua C, Heckbert, Susan R, Lumley, Thomas, Sitlani, Colleen M, Cupples, L Adrienne, Lubitz, Steven A, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Pulit, Sara L, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, O'Donnell, Christopher J, Ellinor, Patrick T, Benjamin, Emelia J, Muzny, Donna M, Gibbs, Richard A, Santibanez, Jireh, Taylor, Herman A, Rotter, Jerome I, Lange, Leslie A, Psaty, Bruce M, Jackson, Rebecca, Rich, Stephen S, Boerwinkle, Eric, Jamshidi, Yalda, and Sotoodehnia, Nona

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Human Genome, Heart Disease, Biotechnology, Genetics, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cohort Studies, Female, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Heart Conduction System, Heart Diseases, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sequence Analysis, DNA, electrocardiography, genomics, CHARGE Consortium, NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, UK10K, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundThe cardiac sodium channel SCN5A regulates atrioventricular and ventricular conduction. Genetic variants in this gene are associated with PR and QRS intervals. We sought to characterize further the contribution of rare and common coding variation in SCN5A to cardiac conduction.Methods and resultsIn Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium Targeted Sequencing Study, we performed targeted exonic sequencing of SCN5A (n=3699, European ancestry individuals) and identified 4 common (minor allele frequency >1%) and 157 rare variants. Common and rare SCN5A coding variants were examined for association with PR and QRS intervals through meta-analysis of European ancestry participants from CHARGE, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Exome Sequencing Project (n=607), and the UK10K (n=1275) and by examining Exome Sequencing Project African ancestry participants (n=972). Rare coding SCN5A variants in aggregate were associated with PR interval in European and African ancestry participants (P=1.3×10(-3)). Three common variants were associated with PR and QRS interval duration among European ancestry participants and one among African ancestry participants. These included 2 well-known missense variants: rs1805124 (H558R) was associated with PR and QRS shortening in European ancestry participants (P=6.25×10(-4) and P=5.2×10(-3), respectively) and rs7626962 (S1102Y) was associated with PR shortening in those of African ancestry (P=2.82×10(-3)). Among European ancestry participants, 2 novel synonymous variants, rs1805126 and rs6599230, were associated with cardiac conduction. Our top signal, rs1805126 was associated with PR and QRS lengthening (P=3.35×10(-7) and P=2.69×10(-4), respectively) and rs6599230 was associated with PR shortening (P=2.67×10(-5)).ConclusionsBy sequencing SCN5A, we identified novel common and rare coding variants associated with cardiac conduction.

Published
2014

42. Association of Low-Frequency and Rare Coding-Sequence Variants with Blood Lipids and Coronary Heart Disease in 56,000 Whites and Blacks

Author

Peloso, Gina M, Auer, Paul L, Bis, Joshua C, Voorman, Arend, Morrison, Alanna C, Stitziel, Nathan O, Brody, Jennifer A, Khetarpal, Sumeet A, Crosby, Jacy R, Fornage, Myriam, Isaacs, Aaron, Jakobsdottir, Johanna, Feitosa, Mary F, Davies, Gail, Huffman, Jennifer E, Manichaikul, Ani, Davis, Brian, Lohman, Kurt, Joon, Aron Y, Smith, Albert V, Grove, Megan L, Zanoni, Paolo, Redon, Valeska, Demissie, Serkalem, Lawson, Kim, Peters, Ulrike, Carlson, Christopher, Jackson, Rebecca D, Ryckman, Kelli K, Mackey, Rachel H, Robinson, Jennifer G, Siscovick, David S, Schreiner, Pamela J, Mychaleckyj, Josyf C, Pankow, James S, Hofman, Albert, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Harris, Tamara B, Taylor, Kent D, Stafford, Jeanette M, Reynolds, Lindsay M, Marioni, Riccardo E, Dehghan, Abbas, Franco, Oscar H, Patel, Aniruddh P, Lu, Yingchang, Hindy, George, Gottesman, Omri, Bottinger, Erwin P, Melander, Olle, Orho-Melander, Marju, Loos, Ruth JF, Duga, Stefano, Merlini, Piera Angelica, Farrall, Martin, Goel, Anuj, Asselta, Rosanna, Girelli, Domenico, Martinelli, Nicola, Shah, Svati H, Kraus, William E, Li, Mingyao, Rader, Daniel J, Reilly, Muredach P, McPherson, Ruth, Watkins, Hugh, Ardissino, Diego, Project, NHLBI GO Exome Sequencing, Zhang, Qunyuan, Wang, Judy, Tsai, Michael Y, Taylor, Herman A, Correa, Adolfo, Griswold, Michael E, Lange, Leslie A, Starr, John M, Rudan, Igor, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Launer, Lenore J, Ordovas, Jose M, Levy, Daniel, Chen, Y-D Ida, Reiner, Alexander P, Hayward, Caroline, Polasek, Ozren, Deary, Ian J, Borecki, Ingrid B, Liu, Yongmei, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Wilson, James G, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Kooperberg, Charles, Rich, Stephen S, Psaty, Bruce M, Rotter, Jerome I, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Rice, Kenneth, Boerwinkle, Eric, Kathiresan, Sekar, and Cupples, L Adrienne

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Human Genome, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease, Atherosclerosis, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase, Adult, Aged, Alleles, Animals, Black People, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Cohort Studies, Coronary Disease, Female, Gene Frequency, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Code, Genetic Variation, Humans, Linear Models, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Subtilisins, Triglycerides, White People, NHLBI GO Exome Sequencing Project, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Low-frequency coding DNA sequence variants in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gene (PCSK9) lower plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), protect against risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), and have prompted the development of a new class of therapeutics. It is uncertain whether the PCSK9 example represents a paradigm or an isolated exception. We used the "Exome Array" to genotype >200,000 low-frequency and rare coding sequence variants across the genome in 56,538 individuals (42,208 European ancestry [EA] and 14,330 African ancestry [AA]) and tested these variants for association with LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. Although we did not identify new genes associated with LDL-C, we did identify four low-frequency (frequencies between 0.1% and 2%) variants (ANGPTL8 rs145464906 [c.361C>T; p.Gln121*], PAFAH1B2 rs186808413 [c.482C>T; p.Ser161Leu], COL18A1 rs114139997 [c.331G>A; p.Gly111Arg], and PCSK7 rs142953140 [c.1511G>A; p.Arg504His]) with large effects on HDL-C and/or triglycerides. None of these four variants was associated with risk for CHD, suggesting that examples of low-frequency coding variants with robust effects on both lipids and CHD will be limited.

Published
2014

43. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Rare and Low-Frequency Coding Variants Associated with LDL Cholesterol

Author

Lange, Leslie A, Hu, Youna, Zhang, He, Xue, Chenyi, Schmidt, Ellen M, Tang, Zheng-Zheng, Bizon, Chris, Lange, Ethan M, Smith, Joshua D, Turner, Emily H, Jun, Goo, Kang, Hyun Min, Peloso, Gina, Auer, Paul, Li, Kuo-ping, Flannick, Jason, Zhang, Ji, Fuchsberger, Christian, Gaulton, Kyle, Lindgren, Cecilia, Locke, Adam, Manning, Alisa, Sim, Xueling, Rivas, Manuel A, Holmen, Oddgeir L, Gottesman, Omri, Lu, Yingchang, Ruderfer, Douglas, Stahl, Eli A, Duan, Qing, Li, Yun, Durda, Peter, Jiao, Shuo, Isaacs, Aaron, Hofman, Albert, Bis, Joshua C, Correa, Adolfo, Griswold, Michael E, Jakobsdottir, Johanna, Smith, Albert V, Schreiner, Pamela J, Feitosa, Mary F, Zhang, Qunyuan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Crosby, Jacy, Wassel, Christina L, Do, Ron, Franceschini, Nora, Martin, Lisa W, Robinson, Jennifer G, Assimes, Themistocles L, Crosslin, David R, Rosenthal, Elisabeth A, Tsai, Michael, Rieder, Mark J, Farlow, Deborah N, Folsom, Aaron R, Lumley, Thomas, Fox, Ervin R, Carlson, Christopher S, Peters, Ulrike, Jackson, Rebecca D, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Uitterlinden, André G, Levy, Daniel, Rotter, Jerome I, Taylor, Herman A, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Siscovick, David S, Fornage, Myriam, Borecki, Ingrid B, Hayward, Caroline, Rudan, Igor, Chen, Y Eugene, Bottinger, Erwin P, Loos, Ruth JF, Sætrom, Pål, Hveem, Kristian, Boehnke, Michael, Groop, Leif, McCarthy, Mark, Meitinger, Thomas, Ballantyne, Christie M, Gabriel, Stacey B, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Post, Wendy S, North, Kari E, Reiner, Alexander P, Boerwinkle, Eric, Psaty, Bruce M, Altshuler, David, Kathiresan, Sekar, Lin, Dan-Yu, Jarvik, Gail P, Cupples, L Adrienne, Kooperberg, Charles, Wilson, James G, Nickerson, Deborah A, Abecasis, Goncalo R, and Rich, Stephen S

Subjects
Epidemiology, Biological Sciences, Health Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Prevention, Clinical Research, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Atherosclerosis, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Apolipoproteins E, Cholesterol, LDL, Cohort Studies, Dyslipidemias, Exome, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gene Frequency, Genetic Code, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Lipase, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Proprotein Convertase 9, Proprotein Convertases, Receptors, LDL, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Serine Endopeptidases, NHLBI Grand Opportunity Exome Sequencing Project, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a treatable, heritable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified 157 variants associated with lipid levels but are not well suited to assess the impact of rare and low-frequency variants. To determine whether rare or low-frequency coding variants are associated with LDL-C, we exome sequenced 2,005 individuals, including 554 individuals selected for extreme LDL-C (>98(th) or

Published
2014

47. Genetics of coronary artery calcification among African Americans, a meta-analysis

Author

Wojczynski, Mary K, Li, Mingyao, Bielak, Lawrence F, Kerr, Kathleen F, Reiner, Alex P, Wong, Nathan D, Yanek, Lisa R, Qu, Liming, White, Charles C, Lange, Leslie A, Ferguson, Jane F, He, Jing, Young, Taylor, Mosley, Thomas H, Smith, Jennifer A, Kral, Brian G, Guo, Xiuqing, Wong, Quenna, Ganesh, Santhi K, Heckbert, Susan R, Griswold, Michael E, O’Leary, Daniel H, Budoff, Matthew, Carr, J, Taylor,, Herman A, Bluemke, David A, Demissie, Serkalem, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Paltoo, Dina N, Polak, Joseph F, Psaty, Bruce M, Becker, Diane M, Province, Michael A, Post, Wendy S, O’Donnell, Christopher J, Wilson, James G, Harris, Tamara B, Kavousi, Maryam, Cupples, L, Rotter, Jerome I, Fornage, Myriam, Becker, Lewis C, Peyser, Patricia A, Borecki, Ingrid B, and Reilly, Muredach P

Abstract

Abstract Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of death in the United States. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores are independent predictors of CHD. African Americans (AA) have higher rates of CHD but are less well-studied in genomic studies. We assembled the largest AA data resource currently available with measured CAC to identify associated genetic variants. Methods We analyzed log transformed CAC quantity (ln(CAC + 1)), for association with ~2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and performed an inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis on results for 5,823 AA from 8 studies. Heritability was calculated using family studies. The most significant SNPs among AAs were evaluated in European Ancestry (EA) CAC data; conversely, the significance of published SNPs for CAC/CHD in EA was queried within our AA meta-analysis. Results Heritability of CAC was lower in AA (~30%) than previously reported for EA (~50%). No SNP reached genome wide significance (p

Published
2013

48. Loci influencing blood pressure identified using a cardiovascular gene-centric array

Author

Ganesh, Santhi K, Tragante, Vinicius, Guo, Wei, Guo, Yiran, Lanktree, Matthew B, Smith, Erin N, Johnson, Toby, Castillo, Berta Almoguera, Barnard, John, Baumert, Jens, Chang, Yen-Pei Christy, Elbers, Clara C, Farrall, Martin, Fischer, Mary E, Franceschini, Nora, Gaunt, Tom R, Gho, Johannes MIH, Gieger, Christian, Gong, Yan, Isaacs, Aaron, Kleber, Marcus E, Leach, Irene Mateo, McDonough, Caitrin W, Meijs, Matthijs FL, Mellander, Olle, Molony, Cliona M, Nolte, Ilja M, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Price, Tom S, Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan, Shaffer, Jonathan, Shah, Sonia, Shen, Haiqing, Soranzo, Nicole, van der Most, Peter J, Van Iperen, Erik PA, Van Setten, Jessic A, Vonk, Judith M, Zhang, Li, Beitelshees, Amber L, Berenson, Gerald S, Bhatt, Deepak L, Boer, Jolanda MA, Boerwinkle, Eric, Burkley, Ben, Burt, Amber, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Wei, Cooper-DeHoff, Rhonda M, Curtis, Sean P, Dreisbach, Albert, Duggan, David, Ehret, Georg B, Fabsitz, Richard R, Fornage, Myriam, Fox, Ervin, Furlong, Clement E, Gansevoort, Ron T, Hofker, Marten H, Hovingh, G Kees, Kirkland, Susan A, Kottke-Marchant, Kandice, Kutlar, Abdullah, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Langaee, Taimour Y, Li, Yun R, Lin, Honghuang, Liu, Kiang, Maiwald, Steffi, Malik, Rainer, Murugesan, Gurunathan, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, O'Connell, Jeffery R, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Ouwehand, Willem H, Palmas, Walter, Penninx, Brenda W, Pepine, Carl J, Pettinger, Mary, Polak, Joseph F, Ramachandran, Vasan S, Ranchalis, Jane, Redline, Susan, Ridker, Paul M, Rose, Lynda M, Scharnag, Hubert, Schork, Nicholas J, Shimbo, Daichi, Shuldiner, Alan R, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Stolk, Ronald P, Taylor, Herman A, Thorand, Barbara, Trip, Mieke D, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Verschuren, W Monique, Wijmenga, Cisca, Winkelmann, Bernhard R, Wyatt, Sharon, and Young, J Hunter

Subjects
Hypertension, Heart Disease, Human Genome, Genetics, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Chromosome Mapping, Cohort Studies, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, CARDIOGRAM, METASTROKE, LifeLines Cohort Study, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) is a heritable determinant of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). To investigate genetic associations with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP), we genotyped ∼50 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that capture variation in ∼2100 candidate genes for cardiovascular phenotypes in 61 619 individuals of European ancestry from cohort studies in the USA and Europe. We identified novel associations between rs347591 and SBP (chromosome 3p25.3, in an intron of HRH1) and between rs2169137 and DBP (chromosome1q32.1 in an intron of MDM4) and between rs2014408 and SBP (chromosome 11p15 in an intron of SOX6), previously reported to be associated with MAP. We also confirmed 10 previously known loci associated with SBP, DBP, MAP or PP (ADRB1, ATP2B1, SH2B3/ATXN2, CSK, CYP17A1, FURIN, HFE, LSP1, MTHFR, SOX6) at array-wide significance (P < 2.4 × 10(-6)). We then replicated these associations in an independent set of 65 886 individuals of European ancestry. The findings from expression QTL (eQTL) analysis showed associations of SNPs in the MDM4 region with MDM4 expression. We did not find any evidence of association of the two novel SNPs in MDM4 and HRH1 with sequelae of high BP including coronary artery disease (CAD), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) or stroke. In summary, we identified two novel loci associated with BP and confirmed multiple previously reported associations. Our findings extend our understanding of genes involved in BP regulation, some of which may eventually provide new targets for therapeutic intervention.

Published
2013

49. Genome-Wide Association Study of Cardiac Structure and Systolic Function in African Americans

Author

Fox, Ervin R, Musani, Solomon K, Barbalic, Maja, Lin, Honghuang, Yu, Bing, Ogunyankin, Kofo O, Smith, Nicholas L, Kutlar, Abdullah, Glazer, Nicole L, Post, Wendy S, Paltoo, Dina N, Dries, Daniel L, Farlow, Deborah N, Duarte, Christine W, Kardia, Sharon L, Meyers, Kristin J, Sun, Yan V, Arnett, Donna K, Patki, Amit A, Sha, Jin, Cui, Xiangqui, Samdarshi, Tandaw E, Penman, Alan D, Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten, Bková, Petra, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bluemke, David A, Morrison, Alanna C, Heiss, Gerardo, Carr, J Jeffrey, Tracy, Russell P, Mosley, Thomas H, Taylor, Herman A, Psaty, Bruce M, Heckbert, Susan R, Cappola, Thomas P, and Vasan, Ramachandran S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Genetics, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Human Genome, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, African Americans, Aged, Cohort Studies, Diastole, Echocardiography, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Heart, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Systole, Whites, echocardiography, ethnic, genome-wide association studies, left atrium genetics, left ventricular mass genetics, White People, Black or African American, Medical Biotechnology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

BackgroundUsing data from 4 community-based cohorts of African Americans, we tested the association between genome-wide markers (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) and cardiac phenotypes in the Candidate-gene Association Resource study.Methods and resultsAmong 6765 African Americans, we related age, sex, height, and weight-adjusted residuals for 9 cardiac phenotypes (assessed by echocardiogram or magnetic resonance imaging) to 2.5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms genotyped using Genome-wide Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 (Affy6.0) and the remainder imputed. Within the cohort, genome-wide association analysis was conducted, followed by meta-analysis across cohorts using inverse variance weights (genome-wide significance threshold=4.0 ×10(-7)). Supplementary pathway analysis was performed. We attempted replication in 3 smaller cohorts of African ancestry and tested lookups in 1 consortium of European ancestry (EchoGEN). Across the 9 phenotypes, variants in 4 genetic loci reached genome-wide significance: rs4552931 in UBE2V2 (P=1.43×10(-7)) for left ventricular mass, rs7213314 in WIPI1 (P=1.68×10(-7)) for left ventricular internal diastolic diameter, rs1571099 in PPAPDC1A (P=2.57×10(-8)) for interventricular septal wall thickness, and rs9530176 in KLF5 (P=4.02×10(-7)) for ejection fraction. Associated variants were enriched in 3 signaling pathways involved in cardiac remodeling. None of the 4 loci replicated in cohorts of African ancestry was confirmed in lookups in EchoGEN.ConclusionsIn the largest genome-wide association study of cardiac structure and function to date in African Americans, we identified 4 genetic loci related to left ventricular mass, interventricular septal wall thickness, left ventricular internal diastolic diameter, and ejection fraction, which reached genome-wide significance. Replication results suggest that these loci may be unique to individuals of African ancestry. Additional large-scale studies are warranted for these complex phenotypes.

Published
2013

50. Genome-wide association of body fat distribution in African ancestry populations suggests new loci.

Author

Liu, Ching-Ti, Monda, Keri L, Taylor, Kira C, Lange, Leslie, Demerath, Ellen W, Palmas, Walter, Wojczynski, Mary K, Ellis, Jaclyn C, Vitolins, Mara Z, Liu, Simin, Papanicolaou, George J, Irvin, Marguerite R, Xue, Luting, Griffin, Paula J, Nalls, Michael A, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Liu, Jiankang, Li, Guo, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A, Chen, Wei-Min, Chen, Fang, Henderson, Brian E, Millikan, Robert C, Ambrosone, Christine B, Strom, Sara S, Guo, Xiuqing, Andrews, Jeanette S, Sun, Yan V, Mosley, Thomas H, Yanek, Lisa R, Shriner, Daniel, Haritunians, Talin, Rotter, Jerome I, Speliotes, Elizabeth K, Smith, Megan, Rosenberg, Lynn, Mychaleckyj, Josyf, Nayak, Uma, Spruill, Ida, Garvey, W Timothy, Pettaway, Curtis, Nyante, Sarah, Bandera, Elisa V, Britton, Angela F, Zonderman, Alan B, Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Ding, Jingzhong, Lohman, Kurt, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, Zhao, Wei, Peyser, Patricia A, Kardia, Sharon LR, Kabagambe, Edmond, Broeckel, Ulrich, Chen, Guanjie, Zhou, Jie, Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia, Neuhouser, Marian L, Rampersaud, Evadnie, Psaty, Bruce, Kooperberg, Charles, Manson, Joann E, Kuller, Lewis H, Ochs-Balcom, Heather M, Johnson, Karen C, Sucheston, Lara, Ordovas, Jose M, Palmer, Julie R, Haiman, Christopher A, McKnight, Barbara, Howard, Barbara V, Becker, Diane M, Bielak, Lawrence F, Liu, Yongmei, Allison, Matthew A, Grant, Struan FA, Burke, Gregory L, Patel, Sanjay R, Schreiner, Pamela J, Borecki, Ingrid B, Evans, Michele K, Taylor, Herman, Sale, Michele M, Howard, Virginia, Carlson, Christopher S, Rotimi, Charles N, Cushman, Mary, Harris, Tamara B, Reiner, Alexander P, Cupples, L Adrienne, North, Kari E, and Fox, Caroline S

Subjects
Humans, Obesity, Waist-Hip Ratio, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, African Continental Ancestry Group, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Adiposity, Body Fat Distribution, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Developmental Biology, Genetics
Abstract

Central obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) or waist-hip ratio (WHR), is a marker of body fat distribution. Although obesity disproportionately affects minority populations, few studies have conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) of fat distribution among those of predominantly African ancestry (AA). We performed GWAS of WC and WHR, adjusted and unadjusted for BMI, in up to 33,591 and 27,350 AA individuals, respectively. We identified loci associated with fat distribution in AA individuals using meta-analyses of GWA results for WC and WHR (stage 1). Overall, 25 SNPs with single genomic control (GC)-corrected p-values

Published
2013

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