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312 results on '"Taylor, D. S."'

7. The eye in epidermolysis bullosa

Author

Tong, L, Hodgkins, P R, Denyer, J, Brosnahan, D, Harper, J, Russell-Eggitt, I, Taylor, D S I, and Atherton, D

Published
1999

10. English Spelling: A Help Rather than Hindrance.

Author

Taylor, D. S.

Abstract

Presents case that English is not as unsystematic as it appears nor is it a severe obstacle to learning for both native and nonnative speakers by describing the ideographic, syllabic, and alphabetic writing systems. Suggests teachers need a greater awareness of the nature of the English writing system and how to teach it. (BK)

Published
1981

12. Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, and Language Teachers.

Author

Taylor, D. S.

Abstract

Author considers relationship between linguistics and language teaching in reference to how linguistics can provide information (grammar, error analysis, acceptable deviations, standard performance, semantic theory, and test measurements) for language teacher. With a good linguistic background, the teacher is in a position to assess implications of some piece of information or of teaching materials, thus integrating theory and practice. (SL)

Published
1983

13. Angiotensin II stimulation of rapid paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation correlates with the formation of focal adhesions in rat aortic smooth muscle cells

Author

Turner, C. E., Pietras, K. M., Taylor, D. S., and Christopher Molloy

Subjects
Becaplermin, macromolecular substances, environment and public health, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Cell Adhesion, Animals, Phosphorylation, Phosphotyrosine, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Angiotensin II, Endothelins, Thrombin, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis, Cell Biology, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Phosphoproteins, Receptor, Insulin, Recombinant Proteins, Rats, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Kinetics, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), Focal Adhesion Kinase 1, Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Tyrosine, Stress, Mechanical, Paxillin, Cell Adhesion Molecules
Abstract

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that has been also implicated in vascular hyperproliferative diseases, including atherosclerosis and restenosis following angioplasty. Treatment of cultured, serum-starved rat aortic smooth muscle cells with angiotensin II causes rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation that precedes cell mitogenesis. We have identified two of the phosphoproteins as paxillin (75 kilodaltons) and the tyrosine kinase pp125Fak, both components of actin-associated focal adhesion sites. Angiotensin II stimulated a 5-fold increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and a smaller (1.5-fold) increase in pp125Fak tyrosine phosphorylation. Paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was evident within 1 minute, and was maximal after 10 minutes. Similar elevated protein tyrosine phosphorylation levels of paxillin were obtained with exposure of the rat aortic smooth muscle cells to peptides endothelin-1 and alpha-thrombin that function, as angiotensin II, through binding to members of the seven transmembrane domain G protein coupled receptors. Angiotensin II treatment also stimulated the production of a well-ordered actin-containing stress fiber network and prominent paxillin-containing focal adhesions. The focal adhesions stained intensely with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody suggesting the tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and cytoskeletal reorganization were tightly coupled. Angiotensin II receptor occupancy has been shown previously to lead to protein kinase C activation. However, compared to angiotensin II stimulation, a smaller, delayed increase in paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was observed following direct protein kinase C activation by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate. Paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was selective for certain agonists since no increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein was observed following exposure to the potent mitogen PDGF. Thus, actin-based cytoskeletal changes involving sites of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix may play an important role in normal and pathophysiologic smooth muscle cell growth regulation in response to certain angiotensin II-type vasoactive agonists.

Published
1995
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14. Natural history note - A novel terrestrial fish habitat inside emergent logs

Author

Biological Sciences, Taylor, D. S., Turner, Bruce J., Davis, W. P., Chapman, B. B., Biological Sciences, Taylor, D. S., Turner, Bruce J., Davis, W. P., and Chapman, B. B.

Abstract

Reports of new habitats for a major group of organisms are rare. Fishes display diverse adaptations for temporary (amphibious) existence on land, but to our knowledge, none have ever been reported regularly living inside emergent logs. Here, we show that the mangrove killifish, Kryptolebias marmoratus, a species previously known to emerse (leave the water) regularly, is now known to emerse and aggregate in large numbers inside decaying mangrove logs that have been "galleried" by terrestrial insects. This behavior has now been documented in both Belize, Central America, and Florida, U.S.A., populations and represents the first known case of fishes entering terrestrial woody material. The dense packing of fish in the narrow log galleries may imply a novel social context in which intraspecific aggressive behaviors are reduced, possibly mediated by the physiological limitations imposed within this restrictive habitat.

Published
2008

20. Unpowered to powered failure rate ratio - A key reliability parameter

Author

Taylor, D. S

Subjects
Machine Elements And Processes
Abstract

It is shown that the initial assumption of the ratio of unpowered to powered failure rates can have a strong influence on the design of a modular system intended for space missions. The analysis is performed for parallel systems and for triple modular redundant systems. Parallel systems are shown to be much more sensitive to the unpowered to powered failure rate ratio than the TMR/Spares systems, however, regardless of which standby redundancy technique is considered, the dependence of the system reliability on this ratio increases as the number of standby spares increases.

Published
1974

21. Simultaneous velocity and particle size measurement in two phase flows by Laser Anemometry

Author

Ungut, A, Yule, A. J, Taylor, D. S, and Chigier, N. A

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

A technique for particle size measurement by using Laser Doppler Anemometry is discussed. An additional gate photomultiplier has been introduced at right angles to the optical axis in order to select only those particles passing through the central region of the measurement control volume. Particle sizing measurements have been made in sprays of glass particles using the modified Laser Anemometry system. Measurements in fuel sprays are also reported and compared with the results obtained by a photographic technique. The application of the particle sizing technique to opaque particles is investigated and suitable optical arrangements are suggested. Light scattering characteristics of Laser Anemometry systems for different optical geometries are calculated to select the optimum optical arrangement for the particle sizing measurements.

Published
1978

25. A system reliability analysis for stand-by spares with non-zero unpowered failure rates

Author

Taylor, D. S, Weatherbee, J. E, and Williams, T. G

Subjects
Machine Elements And Processes
Abstract

Equations which define the reliability of n-fold parallel systems with stand-by spares, and triply redundant, majority-voting systems with stand-by spares have been derived. The stand-by spares have been assumed to have a non-zero failure rate while in the stand-by mode. A Monte Carlo system simulation has been generated and the results compared to the theoretical reliability predictions. A comparison of these two stand-by configurations is also presented for three through six total units.

Published
1971

26. A reliability and comparative analysis of two standby system configurations.

Author

Taylor, D. S

Subjects
Mathematics
Abstract

Equations are derived which enable one to calculate the system reliability for parallel or triple modular redundant systems with standby spares. Software error detection is introduced into the TMR/Spares system configuration in order to utilize fully all of the units. An indication of the sensitivity of the system reliability to an increase in the number of spares, partitioning, switching, variations in the powered and unpowered failures rates, and time is presented. A comparison of the parallel and the TMR/Spares system configurations, under similar conditions, is given.

Published
1973

27. Optimum spaceborne computer system design by simulation

Author

Williams, T, Kerner, H, Weatherbee, J. E, Taylor, D. S, and Hodges, B

Subjects
Computers
Abstract

A deterministic simulator is described which models the Automatically Reconfigurable Modular Multiprocessor System (ARMMS), a candidate computer system for future manned and unmanned space missions. Its use as a tool to study and determine the minimum computer system configuration necessary to satisfy the on-board computational requirements of a typical mission is presented. The paper describes how the computer system configuration is determined in order to satisfy the data processing demand of the various shuttle booster subsytems. The configuration which is developed as a result of studies with the simulator is optimal with respect to the efficient use of computer system resources.

Published
1973

28. Memory interface simulator: A computer design aid

Author

Taylor, D. S, Williams, T, and Weatherbee, J. E

Subjects
Computers
Abstract

Results are presented of a study conducted with a digital simulation model being used in the design of the Automatically Reconfigurable Modular Multiprocessor System (ARMMS), a candidate computer system for future manned and unmanned space missions. The model simulates the activity involved as instructions are fetched from random access memory for execution in one of the system central processing units. A series of model runs measured instruction execution time under various assumptions pertaining to the CPU's and the interface between the CPU's and RAM. Design tradeoffs are presented in the following areas: Bus widths, CPU microprogram read only memory cycle time, multiple instruction fetch, and instruction mix.

Published
1972

29. Optimum spaceborne computer system design by simulation

Author

Williams, T, Weatherbee, J. E, and Taylor, D. S

Subjects
Computers
Abstract

A deterministic digital simulation model is described which models the Automatically Reconfigurable Modular Multiprocessor System (ARMMS), a candidate computer system for future manned and unmanned space missions. Use of the model as a tool in configuring a minimum computer system for a typical mission is demonstrated. The configuration which is developed as a result of studies with the simulator is optimal with respect to the efficient use of computer system resources, i.e., the configuration derived is a minimal one. Other considerations such as increased reliability through the use of standby spares would be taken into account in the definition of a practical system for a given mission.

Published
1972

31. The electroretinogram.

Author

HARDEN, A., ADAMS, G. G. W., TAYLOR, D. S. I., Adams, G G, and Taylor, D S

Abstract

The electroretinogram, findings, in response to a flash stimulus, was recorded from a skin electrode placed on the bridge of the nose in 4465 infants and children seen over a 10 year period. The electroretinogram was combined with a flash visual evoked potential. From this total, the electroretinographic findings in 240 patients, aged 1 day to 17 years, without suspected retinal pathology and with a normal visual evoked potential, were used as controls and normal electroretinographic parameters of different age groups defined. There were 332 patients who showed an absent or very reduced amplitude electroretinogram. They were divided into primarily ocular disorders (n = 195), neurodegenerative disorders (n = 94), and various syndromes (n = 43). Fundus examination did not always show any obvious abnormalities. The use of this simple and reliable technique for recording the electroretinogram made it possible to include this investigation as a routine procedure without the need for sedation in infants and uncooperative children. Electroretinographic studies, especially when combined with visual evoked potentials, and in some cases electroencephalography, may aid diagnosis in a wide variety of paediatric conditions, many of which have genetic implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989

37. Thrombin receptor activation elicits rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation and stimulation of the raf-1/MAP kinase pathway preceding delayed mitogenesis in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells: evidence for an obligate autocrine mechanism promoting cell proliferation induced by G-protein-coupled receptor agonist.

Author

Molloy, C J, primary, Pawlowski, J E, additional, Taylor, D S, additional, Turner, C E, additional, Weber, H, additional, and Peluso, M, additional

Published
1996
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