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27,651 results on '"Taylor, D."'

2. Sampling Latent Material-Property Information From LLM-Derived Embedding Representations

Author

Gilligan, Luke P. J., Cobelli, Matteo, Sayeed, Hasan M., Sparks, Taylor D., and Sanvito, Stefano

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Vector embeddings derived from large language models (LLMs) show promise in capturing latent information from the literature. Interestingly, these can be integrated into material embeddings, potentially useful for data-driven predictions of materials properties. We investigate the extent to which LLM-derived vectors capture the desired information and their potential to provide insights into material properties without additional training. Our findings indicate that, although LLMs can be used to generate representations reflecting certain property information, extracting the embeddings requires identifying the optimal contextual clues and appropriate comparators. Despite this restriction, it appears that LLMs still have the potential to be useful in generating meaningful materials-science representations., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024

3. The UK Submillimetre and Millimetre Astronomy Roadmap 2024

Author

Pattle, K., Barry, P. S., Blain, A. W., Booth, M., Booth, R. A., Clements, D. L., Currie, M. J., Doyle, S., Eden, D., Fuller, G. A., Griffin, M., Huggard, P. G., Ilee, J. D., Karoly, J., Khan, Z. A., Klimovich, N., Kontar, E., Klaassen, P., Rigby, A. J., Scicluna, P., Serjeant, S., Tan, B. -K., Ward-Thompson, D., Williams, T. G., Davis, T. A., Greaves, J., Ivison, R., Marin, J., Matsuura, M., Rawlings, J. M. C., Saintonge, A., Savini, G., Smith, M. W. L., and Taylor, D. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In this Roadmap, we present a vision for the future of submillimetre and millimetre astronomy in the United Kingdom over the next decade and beyond. This Roadmap has been developed in response to the recommendation of the Astronomy Advisory Panel (AAP) of the STFC in the AAP Astronomy Roadmap 2022. In order to develop our stragetic priorities and recommendations, we surveyed the UK submillimetre and millimetre community to determine their key priorities for both the near-term and long-term future of the field. We further performed detailed reviews of UK leadership in submillimetre/millimetre science and instrumentation. Our key strategic priorities are as follows: 1. The UK must be a key partner in the forthcoming AtLAST telescope, for which it is essential that the UK remains a key partner in the JCMT in the intermediate term. 2. The UK must maintain, and if possible enhance, access to ALMA and aim to lead parts of instrument development for ALMA2040. Our strategic priorities complement one another: AtLAST (a 50m single-dish telescope) and an upgraded ALMA (a large configurable interferometric array) would be in synergy, not competition, with one another. Both have identified and are working towards the same overarching science goals, and both are required in order to fully address these goals., Comment: 91 pages plus cover, 38 figures. Submitted to the Science and Technology Facilities Council, August 2024. One figure corrected (v2); new appendix with STFC Q&A; corrected SMA access statement; updated references, acronyms & author list (v3)

Published
2024

6. Performance Characterization of Heliotrope Solar Hot-Air Balloons during Multihour Stratospheric Flights

Author

Swaim, Taylor D., Hough, Emalee, Yap, Zachary, Jacob, Jamey D., Krishnamoorthy, Siddharth, Bowman, Daniel C., Martire, Léo, Komjathy, Attila, and Elbing, Brian R.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Heliotropes are passive solar hot air balloons that are capable of achieving nearly level flight within the lower stratosphere for several hours. These inexpensive flight platforms enable stratospheric sensing with high-cadence enabled by the low cost to manufacture, but their performance has not yet been assessed systematically. During July to September of 2021, 29 heliotropes were successfully launched from Oklahoma and achieved float altitude as part of the Balloon-based Acoustic Seismology Study (BASS). All of the heliotrope envelopes were nearly identical with only minor variations to the flight line throughout the campaign. Flight data collected during this campaign comprise a large sample to characterize the typical heliotrope flight behavior during launch, ascent, float, and descent. Each flight stage is characterized, dependence on various parameters is quantified, and a discussion of nominal and anomalous flights is provided.

Published
2024
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8. Mechanical stretch regulates macropinocytosis in Hydra vulgaris

Author

Skokan, Taylor D, Hobmayer, Bert, McKinley, Kara L, and Vale, Ronald D

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Underpinning research, Generic health relevance, Animals, Hydra, Pinocytosis, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

Cells rely on a diverse array of engulfment processes to sense, exploit, and adapt to their environments. Among these, macropinocytosis enables indiscriminate and rapid uptake of large volumes of fluid and membrane, rendering it a highly versatile engulfment strategy. Much of the molecular machinery required for macropinocytosis has been well established, yet how this process is regulated in the context of organs and organisms remains poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery of extensive macropinocytosis in the outer epithelium of the cnidarian Hydra vulgaris. Exploiting Hydra's relatively simple body plan, we developed approaches to visualize macropinocytosis over extended periods of time, revealing constitutive engulfment across the entire body axis. We show that the direct application of planar stretch leads to calcium influx and the inhibition of macropinocytosis. Finally, we establish a role for stretch-activated channels in inhibiting this process. Together, our approaches provide a platform for the mechanistic dissection of constitutive macropinocytosis in physiological contexts and highlight a potential role for macropinocytosis in responding to cell surface tension.

Published
2024

9. Shaping Supervised Agricultural Experiences in Rural American Schools: Support, Supervision, and Culture

Author

Eric D. Rubenstein, Andrew Thoron, and Taylor D. Bird

Abstract

Over the years, examination of barriers to the development and implementation of Supervised Agricultural Experience (SAE) programs has gained traction. This has led the profession to investigate the relevance of SAE. In the conducted studies, the profession continually notes that SAE remains a foundational component and perhaps the only distinguishing difference between school-based agriscience education (SBAE) and other Career and Technical Education programs or specialty courses that tie in a student leadership organization. While collecting evidence of perceived barriers of SAE implementation is important, at some point the question must be asked: What is right with student SAE programs in SBAE? This study used a qualitative approach to examine factors that exist in rural SBAE programs that maintain exemplary SAE programs. Through focus groups, one-on-one interviews, observations, and informal interviews, nine factors, embedded in three themes, emerged. Researchers concluded a culture for SAE existed throughout the total program, school, and community. It was recommended that agriculture teachers aspire to instill SAE culture within their program.

Published
2023

12. Groups with at most 13 nonpower subgroups

Author

Zheng, Jiwei, Zhou, Wei, and Taylor, D. E.

Subjects
Mathematics - Group Theory, 20D25, 20D60
Abstract

For a group G and positive interger m, Gm denotes the subgroup generated by the elements gm where g runs through G. The subgroups not of the form Gm are called nonpower subgroups. We extend the classification of groups with few nonpower subgroups from groups with at most 9 nonpower subgroups to groups with at most 13 nonpower subgroups., Comment: 16 pages, 0 figures

Published
2023

14. A metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver acinus biomimetic induces pancreatic islet dysfunction in a coupled microphysiology system

Author

Aleman, Julio, K, Ravikumar, Wiegand, Connor, Schurdak, Mark E., Vernetti, Lawrence, Gavlock, Dillon, Reese, Celeste, DeBiasio, Richard, LaRocca, Greg, Angarita, Yulder Daniel, Gough, Albert, Soto-Gutierrez, Alejandro, Behari, Jaideep, Yechoor, Vijay K., Miedel, Mark T., Stern, Andrew M., Banerjee, Ipsita, and Taylor, D. Lansing

Published
2024
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18. Search for central exclusive production of top quark pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV with tagged protons

Author

Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Andrejkovic, J. W., Bergauer, T., Chatterjee, S., Damanakis, K., Dragicevic, M., Escalante Del Valle, A., Hussain, P. S., Jeitler, M., Krammer, N., Lechner, L., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Paulitsch, P., Pitters, F. M., Schieck, J., Schöfbeck, R., Schwarz, D., Templ, S., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C.-E., Darwish, M. R., Janssen, T., Kello, T., Rejeb Sfar, H., Van Mechelen, P., Bols, E. S., D’Hondt, J., De Moor, A., Delcourt, M., El Faham, H., Lowette, S., Moortgat, S., Morton, A., Müller, D., Sahasransu, A. R., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Vannerom, D., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Favart, L., Hohov, D., Jaramillo, J., Lee, K., Mahdavikhorrami, M., Makarenko, I., Malara, A., Paredes, S., Pétré, L., Postiau, N., Starling, E., Thomas, L., Vanden Bemden, M., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Dobur, D., Knolle, J., Lambrecht, L., Mestdach, G., Niedziela, M., Rendón, C., Roskas, C., Samalan, A., Skovpen, K., Tytgat, M., Van Den Bossche, N., Vermassen, B., Wezenbeek, L., Benecke, A., Bruno, G., Bury, F., Caputo, C., David, P., Delaere, C., Donertas, I. S., Giammanco, A., Jaffel, K., Jain, Sa., Lemaitre, V., Mondal, K., Prisciandaro, J., Taliercio, A., Tran, T. T., Vischia, P., Wertz, S., Alves, G. A., Coelho, E., Hensel, C., Moraes, A., Rebello Teles, P., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Alves Gallo Pereira, M., Barroso Ferreira Filho, M., Brandao Malbouisson, H., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Da Costa, E. M., Da Silveira, G. G., De Jesus Damiao, D., Dos Santos Sousa, V., Fonseca De Souza, S., Martins, J., Mora Herrera, C., Mota Amarilo, K., Mundim, L., Nogima, H., Santoro, A., Silva Do Amaral, S. M., Sznajder, A., Thiel, M., Torres Da Silva De Araujo, F., Vilela Pereira, A., Bernardes, C. A., Calligaris, L., Fernandez Perez Tomei, T. R., Gregores, E. M., Mercadante, P. G., Novaes, S. F., Padula, Sandra S., Aleksandrov, A., Hadjiiska, R., Iaydjiev, P., Misheva, M., Rodozov, M., Shopova, M., Sultanov, G., Dimitrov, A., Ivanov, T., Litov, L., Pavlov, B., Petkov, P., Petrov, A., Shumka, E., Cheng, T., Javaid, T., Mittal, M., Yuan, L., Ahmad, M., Bauer, G., Hu, Z., Lezki, S., Yi, K., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Chen, M., Iemmi, F., Jiang, C. H., Kapoor, A., Liao, H., Liu, Z.-A., Milosevic, V., Monti, F., Sharma, R., Tao, J., Thomas-Wilsker, J., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Agapitos, A., An, Y., Ban, Y., Chen, C., Levin, A., Li, C., Li, Q., Lyu, X., Mao, Y., Qian, S. J., Sun, X., Wang, D., Xiao, J., Yang, H., Li, J., Lu, M., You, Z., Gao, X., Leggat, D., Okawa, H., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z., Lu, C., Xiao, M., Avila, C., Barbosa Trujillo, D. A., Cabrera, A., Florez, C., Fraga, J., Mejia Guisao, J., Ramirez, F., Rodriguez, M., Ruiz Alvarez, J. D., Giljanovic, D., Godinovic, N., Lelas, D., Puljak, I., Antunovic, Z., Kovac, M., Sculac, T., Brigljevic, V., Chitroda, B. K., Ferencek, D., Majumder, D., Roguljic, M., Starodumov, A., Susa, T., Attikis, A., Christoforou, K., Kole, G., Kolosova, M., Konstantinou, S., Mousa, J., Nicolaou, C., Ptochos, F., Razis, P. A., Rykaczewski, H., Saka, H., Finger, M., Finger, Jr., M., Kveton, A., Ayala, E., Carrera Jarrin, E., Elgammal, S., Ellithi Kamel, A., Mahmoud, M. A., Mohammed, Y., Bhowmik, S., Dewanjee, R. K., Ehataht, K., Kadastik, M., Lange, T., Nandan, S., Nielsen, C., Pata, J., Raidal, M., Tani, L., Veelken, C., Eerola, P., Kirschenmann, H., Voutilainen, M., Bharthuar, S., Brücken, E., Havukainen, J., Kim, M. S., Kinnunen, R., Lampén, T., Lassila-Perini, K., Lehti, S., Lindén, T., Lotti, M., Martikainen, L., Myllymäki, M., Ott, J., Rantanen, M. m., Siikonen, H., Tuominen, E., Tuominiemi, J., Luukka, P., Petrow, H., Tuuva, T., Amendola, C., Besancon, M., Couderc, F., Dejardin, M., Denegri, D., Faure, J. L., Ferri, F., Ganjour, S., Gras, P., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Jarry, P., Lohezic, V., Malcles, J., Rander, J., Rosowsky, A., Sahin, M. Ö., Savoy-Navarro, A., Simkina, P., Titov, M., Beaudette, F., Buchot Perraguin, A., Busson, P., Cappati, A., Charlot, C., Damas, F., Davignon, O., Diab, B., Falmagne, G., Fontana Santos Alves, B. A., Ghosh, S., Granier de Cassagnac, R., Hakimi, A., Harikrishnan, B., Liu, G., Motta, J., Nguyen, M., Ochando, C., Portales, L., Rembser, J., Salerno, R., Sarkar, U., Sauvan, J. B., Sirois, Y., Tarabini, A., Vernazza, E., Zabi, A., Zghiche, A., Agram, J.-L., Andrea, J., Apparu, D., Bloch, D., Bourgatte, G., Brom, J.-M., Chabert, E. C., Collard, C., Darej, D., Goerlach, U., Grimault, C., Le Bihan, A.-C., Van Hove, P., Beauceron, S., Bernet, C., Blancon, B., Boudoul, G., Carle, A., Chanon, N., Choi, J., Contardo, D., Depasse, P., Dozen, C., El Mamouni, H., Fay, J., Gascon, S., Gouzevitch, M., Grenier, G., Ille, B., Laktineh, I. B., Lethuillier, M., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Sordini, V., Torterotot, L., Vander Donckt, M., Verdier, P., Viret, S., Adamov, G., Lomidze, I., Tsamalaidze, Z., Botta, V., Feld, L., Klein, K., Lipinski, M., Meuser, D., Pauls, A., Röwert, N., Teroerde, M., Diekmann, S., Dodonova, A., Eich, N., Eliseev, D., Erdmann, M., Fackeldey, P., Fasanella, D., Fischer, B., Hebbeker, T., Hoepfner, K., Ivone, F., Lee, M. y., Mastrolorenzo, L., Merschmeyer, M., Meyer, A., Mondal, S., Mukherjee, S., Noll, D., Novak, A., Nowotny, F., Pozdnyakov, A., Rath, Y., Redjeb, W., Reithler, H., Schmidt, A., Schuler, S. C., Sharma, A., Vigilante, L., Wiedenbeck, S., Zaleski, S., Dziwok, C., Flügge, G., Haj Ahmad, W., Hlushchenko, O., Kress, T., Nowack, A., Pooth, O., Stahl, A., Ziemons, T., Zotz, A., Aarup Petersen, H., Aldaya Martin, M., Asmuss, P., Baxter, S., Bayatmakou, M., Behnke, O., Bermúdez Martínez, A., Bhattacharya, S., Bin Anuar, A. A., Blekman, F., Borras, K., Brunner, D., Campbell, A., Cardini, A., Cheng, C., Colombina, F., Consuegra Rodríguez, S., Correia Silva, G., De Silva, M., Didukh, L., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Estevez Banos, L. I., Filatov, O., Gallo, E., Geiser, A., Giraldi, A., Greau, G., Grohsjean, A., Guglielmi, V., Guthoff, M., Jafari, A., Jomhari, N. Z., Kaech, B., Kasem, A., Kasemann, M., Kaveh, H., Kleinwort, C., Kogler, R., Komm, M., Krücker, D., Lange, W., Leyva Pernia, D., Lipka, K., Lohmann, W., Mankel, R., Melzer-Pellmann, I.-A., Mendizabal Morentin, M., Metwally, J., Meyer, A. B., Milella, G., Mormile, M., Mussgiller, A., Nürnberg, A., Otarid, Y., Pérez Adán, D., Raspereza, A., Ribeiro Lopes, B., Rübenach, J., Saggio, A., Saibel, A., Savitskyi, M., Scham, M., Scheurer, V., Schnake, S., Schütze, P., Schwanenberger, C., Shchedrolosiev, M., Sosa Ricardo, R. E., Stafford, D., Tonon, N., Van De Klundert, M., Vazzoler, F., Ventura Barroso, A., Walsh, R., Walter, D., Wang, Q., Wen, Y., Wichmann, K., Wiens, L., Wissing, C., Wuchterl, S., Yang, Y., Zimermmane Castro Santos, A., Aggleton, R., Albrecht, A., Albrecht, S., Antonello, M., Bein, S., Benato, L., Bonanomi, M., Connor, P., De Leo, K., Eich, M., El Morabit, K., Feindt, F., Fröhlich, A., Garbers, C., Garutti, E., Hajheidari, M., Haller, J., Hinzmann, A., Jabusch, H. R., Kasieczka, G., Klanner, R., Korcari, W., Kramer, T., Kutzner, V., Lange, J., Lobanov, A., Matthies, C., Mehta, A., Moureaux, L., Mrowietz, M., Nigamova, A., Nissan, Y., Paasch, A., Pena Rodriguez, K. J., Rieger, M., Rieger, O., Schleper, P., Schröder, M., Schwandt, J., Stadie, H., Steinbrück, G., Tews, A., Wolf, M., Bechtel, J., Brommer, S., Burkart, M., Butz, E., Caspart, R., Chwalek, T., Dierlamm, A., Droll, A., Faltermann, N., Giffels, M., Gosewisch, J. O., Gottmann, A., Hartmann, F., Horzela, M., Husemann, U., Keicher, P., Klute, M., Koppenhöfer, R., Maier, S., Mitra, S., Müller, Th., Neukum, M., Quast, G., Rabbertz, K., Rauser, J., Savoiu, D., Schnepf, M., Seith, D., Shvetsov, I., Simonis, H. J., Trevisani, N., Ulrich, R., van der Linden, J., Von Cube, R. F., Wassmer, M., Weber, M., Wieland, S., Wolf, R., Wozniewski, S., Wunsch, S., Anagnostou, G., Assiouras, P., Daskalakis, G., Kyriakis, A., Stakia, A., Diamantopoulou, M., Karasavvas, D., Kontaxakis, P., Manousakis-Katsikakis, A., Panagiotou, A., Papavergou, I., Saoulidou, N., Theofilatos, K., Tziaferi, E., Vellidis, K., Vourliotis, E., Zisopoulos, I., Bakas, G., Chatzistavrou, T., Kousouris, K., Papakrivopoulos, I., Tsipolitis, G., Zacharopoulou, A., Adamidis, K., Bestintzanos, I., Evangelou, I., Foudas, C., Gianneios, P., Kamtsikis, C., Katsoulis, P., Kokkas, P., Kosmoglou Kioseoglou, P. G., Manthos, N., Papadopoulos, I., Strologas, J., Csanád, M., Farkas, K., Gadallah, M. M. A., Lökös, S., Major, P., Mandal, K., Pásztor, G., Rádl, A. J., Surányi, O., Veres, G. I., Bartók, M., Bencze, G., Hajdu, C., Horvath, D., Sikler, F., Veszpremi, V., Beni, N., Czellar, S., Karancsi, J., Molnar, J., Szillasi, Z., Teyssier, D., Raics, P., Ujvari, B., Csorgo, T., Novak, T., Babbar, J., Bansal, S., Beri, S. B., Bhatnagar, V., Chaudhary, G., Chauhan, S., Dhingra, N., Gupta, R., Kaur, A., Kaur, A., Kaur, H., Kaur, M., Kumar, S., Kumari, P., Meena, M., Sandeep, K., Sheokand, T., Singh, J. B., Singla, A., Virdi, A. K., Ahmed, A., Bhardwaj, A., Choudhary, B. C., Gola, M., Keshri, S., Kumar, A., Naimuddin, M., Priyanka, P., Ranjan, K., Saumya, S., Shah, A., Baradia, S., Barman, S., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmik, D., Dutta, S., Dutta, S., Gomber, B., Maity, M., Palit, P., Rout, P. K., Saha, G., Sahu, B., Sarkar, S., Behera, P. K., Behera, S. C., Kalbhor, P., Komaragiri, J. R., Kumar, D., Muhammad, A., Panwar, L., Pradhan, R., Pujahari, P. R., Sharma, A., Sikdar, A. K., Tiwari, P. C., Verma, S., Naskar, K., Aziz, T., Das, I., Dugad, S., Kumar, M., Mohanty, G. B., Suryadevara, P., Banerjee, S., Chudasama, R., Guchait, M., Karmakar, S., Kumar, S., Majumder, G., Mazumdar, K., Mukherjee, S., Thachayath, A., Bahinipati, S., Das, A. K., Kar, C., Mal, P., Mishra, T., Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, V. K., Nayak, A., Saha, P., Sur, N., Swain, S. K., Vats, D., Alpana, A., Dube, S., Kansal, B., Laha, A., Pandey, S., Rastogi, A., Sharma, S., Bakhshiansohi, H., Khazaie, E., Zeinali, M., Chenarani, S., Etesami, S. M., Khakzad, M., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Grunewald, M., Abbrescia, M., Aly, R., Aruta, C., Colaleo, A., Creanza, D., De Filippis, N., De Palma, M., Di Florio, A., Elmetenawee, W., Errico, F., Fiore, L., Iaselli, G., Ince, M., Maggi, G., Maggi, M., Margjeka, I., Mastrapasqua, V., My, S., Nuzzo, S., Pellecchia, A., Pompili, A., Pugliese, G., Radogna, R., Ramos, D., Ranieri, A., Selvaggi, G., Silvestris, L., Simone, F. M., Sözbilir, Ü., Stamerra, A., Venditti, R., Verwilligen, P., Abbiendi, G., Battilana, C., Bonacorsi, D., Borgonovi, L., Brigliadori, L., Campanini, R., Capiluppi, P., Castro, A., Cavallo, F. R., Cuffiani, M., Dallavalle, G. M., Diotalevi, T., Fabbri, F., Fanfani, A., Giacomelli, P., Giommi, L., Grandi, C., Guiducci, L., Lo Meo, S., Lunerti, L., Marcellini, S., Masetti, G., Navarria, F. L., Perrotta, A., Primavera, F., Rossi, A. M., Rovelli, T., Siroli, G. P., Costa, S., Di Mattia, A., Potenza, R., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Barbagli, G., Camaiani, B., Cassese, A., Ceccarelli, R., Ciulli, V., Civinini, C., D’Alessandro, R., Focardi, E., Latino, G., Lenzi, P., Lizzo, M., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Seidita, R., Sguazzoni, G., Viliani, L., Benussi, L., Bianco, S., Meola, S., Piccolo, D., Ferro, F., Mulargia, R., Robutti, E., Tosi, S., Benaglia, A., Boldrini, G., Brivio, F., Cetorelli, F., De Guio, F., Dinardo, M. E., Dini, P., Gennai, S., Ghezzi, A., Govoni, P., Guzzi, L., Lucchini, M. T., Malberti, M., Malvezzi, S., Massironi, A., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Paganoni, M., Pedrini, D., Pinolini, B. S., Ragazzi, S., Redaelli, N., Tabarelli de Fatis, T., Zuolo, D., Buontempo, S., Carnevali, F., Cavallo, N., De Iorio, A., Fabozzi, F., Iorio, A. O. M., Lista, L., Paolucci, P., Rossi, B., Sciacca, C., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Biasotto, M., Bortignon, P., Bragagnolo, A., Carlin, R., Checchia, P., Ciano, L., Dorigo, T., Fantinel, S., Gasparini, U., Grosso, G., Layer, L., Lusiani, E., Margoni, M., Meneguzzo, A. T., Pazzini, J., Ronchese, P., Rossin, R., Simonetto, F., Strong, G., Tosi, M., Yarar, H., Zanetti, M., Zotto, P., Zucchetta, A., Abu Zeid, S., Aimè, C., Braghieri, A., Calzaferri, S., Fiorina, D., Montagna, P., Re, V., Riccardi, C., Salvini, P., Vai, I., Vitulo, P., Asenov, P., Bilei, G. M., Ciangottini, D., Fanò, L., Magherini, M., Mantovani, G., Mariani, V., Menichelli, M., Moscatelli, F., Piccinelli, A., Presilla, M., Rossi, A., Santocchia, A., Spiga, D., Tedeschi, T., Azzurri, P., Bagliesi, G., Bertacchi, V., Bhattacharya, R., Bianchini, L., Boccali, T., Bruschini, D., Castaldi, R., Ciocci, M. A., D’Amante, V., Dell’Orso, R., Di Domenico, M. R., Donato, S., Giassi, A., Ligabue, F., Manca, E., Mandorli, G., Matos Figueiredo, D., Messineo, A., Musich, M., Palla, F., Parolia, S., Ramirez-Sanchez, G., Rizzi, A., Rolandi, G., Roy Chowdhury, S., Sarkar, T., Shafiei, N., Spagnolo, P., Tenchini, R., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., Verdini, P. 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M., Nguyen, V., Orimoto, T., Parker, A., Skinnari, L., Tishelman-Charny, A., Wamorkar, T., Wang, B., Wisecarver, A., Wood, D., Bhattacharya, S., Bueghly, J., Chen, Z., Gilbert, A., Gunter, T., Hahn, K. A., Liu, Y., Odell, N., Schmitt, M. H., Velasco, M., Band, R., Bucci, R., Castells, S., Cremonesi, M., Das, A., Goldouzian, R., Hildreth, M., Hurtado Anampa, K., Jessop, C., Lannon, K., Lawrence, J., Loukas, N., Lutton, L., Mariano, J., Marinelli, N., Mcalister, I., McCauley, T., Mcgrady, C., Mohrman, K., Moore, C., Musienko, Y., Nelson, H., Ruchti, R., Townsend, A., Wayne, M., Yockey, H., Zarucki, M., Zygala, L., Bylsma, B., Carrigan, M., Durkin, L. S., Francis, B., Hill, C., Lesauvage, A., Nunez Ornelas, M., Wei, K., Winer, B. L., Yates, B. R., Addesa, F. M., Bonham, B., Das, P., Dezoort, G., Elmer, P., Frankenthal, A., Greenberg, B., Haubrich, N., Higginbotham, S., Kalogeropoulos, A., Kopp, G., Kwan, S., Lange, D., Marlow, D., Mei, K., Ojalvo, I., Olsen, J., Stickland, D., Tully, C., Malik, S., Norberg, S., Bakshi, A. S., Barnes, V. E., Chawla, R., Das, S., Gutay, L., Jones, M., Jung, A. W., Kondratyev, D., Koshy, A. M., Liu, M., Negro, G., Neumeister, N., Paspalaki, G., Piperov, S., Purohit, A., Schulte, J. F., Stojanovic, M., Thieman, J., Wang, F., Xiao, R., Xie, W., Dolen, J., Parashar, N., Acosta, D., Baty, A., Carnahan, T., Decaro, M., Dildick, S., Ecklund, K. M., Fernández Manteca, P. J., Freed, S., Gardner, P., Geurts, F. J. M., Kumar, A., Li, W., Padley, B. P., Redjimi, R., Rotter, J., Shi, W., Yang, S., Yigitbasi, E., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Zuo, X., Bodek, A., de Barbaro, P., Demina, R., Dulemba, J. L., Fallon, C., Ferbel, T., Galanti, M., Garcia-Bellido, A., Hindrichs, O., Khukhunaishvili, A., Ranken, E., Taus, R., Van Onsem, G. P., Goulianos, K., Chiarito, B., Chou, J. P., Gershtein, Y., Halkiadakis, E., Hart, A., Heindl, M., Jaroslawski, D., Karacheban, O., Laflotte, I., Lath, A., Montalvo, R., Nash, K., Osherson, M., Salur, S., Schnetzer, S., Somalwar, S., Stone, R., Thayil, S. A., Thomas, S., Wang, H., Acharya, H., Delannoy, A. G., Fiorendi, S., Holmes, T., Nibigira, E., Spanier, S., Bouhali, O., Dalchenko, M., Delgado, A., Eusebi, R., Gilmore, J., Huang, T., Kamon, T., Kim, H., Luo, S., Malhotra, S., Mueller, R., Overton, D., Rathjens, D., Safonov, A., Akchurin, N., Damgov, J., Hegde, V., Lamichhane, K., Lee, S. W., Mengke, T., Muthumuni, S., Peltola, T., Volobouev, I., Wang, Z., Whitbeck, A., Appelt, E., Greene, S., Gurrola, A., Johns, W., Melo, A., Romeo, F., Sheldon, P., Tuo, S., Velkovska, J., Viinikainen, J., Cardwell, B., Cox, B., Cummings, G., Hakala, J., Hirosky, R., Joyce, M., Ledovskoy, A., Li, A., Neu, C., Perez Lara, C. E., Tannenwald, B., Karchin, P. E., Poudyal, N., Banerjee, S., Black, K., Bose, T., Dasu, S., De Bruyn, I., Everaerts, P., Galloni, C., He, H., Herndon, M., Herve, A., Koraka, C. K., Lanaro, A., Loeliger, A., Loveless, R., Madhusudanan Sreekala, J., Mallampalli, A., Mohammadi, A., Mondal, S., Parida, G., Pinna, D., Savin, A., Shang, V., Sharma, V., Smith, W. H., Teague, D., Tsoi, H. F., Vetens, W., Afanasiev, S., Andreev, V., Andreev, Yu., Aushev, T., Azarkin, M., Babaev, A., Belyaev, A., Blinov, V., Boos, E., Budkouski, D., Bunichev, V., Bychkova, O., Chadeeva, M., Chekhovsky, V., Dermenev, A., Dimova, T., Dremin, I., Dubinin, M., Dudko, L., Epshteyn, V., Gavrilov, G., Gavrilov, V., Gninenko, S., Golovtcov, V., Golubev, N., Golutvin, I., Gorbunov, I., Gribushin, A., Ivanov, Y., Kachanov, V., Kardapoltsev, L., Karjavine, V., Karneyeu, A., Kim, V., Kirakosyan, M., Kirpichnikov, D., Kirsanov, M., Klyukhin, V., Konstantinov, D., Korenkov, V., Kozyrev, A., Krasnikov, N., Kuznetsova, E., Lanev, A., Levchenko, P., Litomin, A., Lukina, O., Lychkovskaya, N., Makarenko, V., Malakhov, A., Matveev, V., Murzin, V., Nikitenko, A., Obraztsov, S., Okhotnikov, V., Ovtin, I., Palichik, V., Parygin, P., Perelygin, V., Perfilov, M., Pivovarov, G., Popov, V., Popova, E., Radchenko, O., Rusinov, V., Savina, M., Savrin, V., Selivanova, D., Shalaev, V., Shmatov, S., Shulha, S., Skovpen, Y., Slabospitskii, S., Smirnov, V., Sosnov, D., Stepennov, A., Sulimov, V., Terkulov, A., Teryaev, O., Tlisova, I., Toms, M., Toropin, A., Uvarov, L., Uzunian, A., Vlasov, E., Volkov, P., Vorobyev, A., Voytishin, N., Yuldashev, B. S., Zarubin, A., Zhizhin, I., Zhokin, A., Antchev, G., Aspell, P., Atanassov, I., Avati, V., Baechler, J., Baldenegro Barrera, C., Berardi, V., Berretti, M., Borshch, V., Bossini, E., Bottigli, U., Bozzo, M., Burkhardt, H., Cafagna, F. S., Catanesi, M. G., Deile, M., De Leonardis, F., Doubek, M., Druzhkin, D., Eggert, K., Eremin, V., Fiergolski, A., Garcia, F., Georgiev, V., Giani, S., Grzanka, L., Hammerbauer, J., Isidori, T., Ivanchenko, V., Janda, M., Karev, A., Kašpar, J., Kaynak, B., Kopal, J., Kundrát, V., Lami, S., Linhart, R., Lindsey, C., Lokajíček, M. V., Losurdo, L., Lucas Rodríguez, F., Macrí, M., Malawski, M., Minafra, N., Minutoli, S., Misan, K., Naaranoja, T., Nemes, F., Niewiadomski, H., Oliveri, E., Oljemark, F., Oriunno, M., Österberg, K., Ozkorucuklu, S., Palazzi, P., Passaro, V., Peroutka, Z., Potok, O., Procházka, J., Quinto, M., Radermacher, E., Radicioni, E., Ravotti, F., Royon, C., Ruggiero, G., Saarikko, H., Samoylenko, V. D., Scribano, A., Široký, J., Smajek, J., Snoeys, W., Stefanovitch, R., Taylor, C., Tcherniaev, E., Turini, N., Urban, O., Vacek, V., Vavroch, O., Welti, J., Williams, J., and Zich, J.

Published
2024
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19. Fair Play: A Qualitative Exploration of Visitor Behavior at PlayGrand Adventures All-Abilities Playground

Author

Bunn, Taylor D., Howell, Leanne, and Papadakis, Lacy K. Crocker

Abstract

People with disabilities in the United States have access to a fraction of engaging play experiences available to others due to playground design choices, minimal legal requirements, and societal acceptance of the status quo. PlayGrand Adventures, the first and largest all-abilities playground in North Texas, meets this need by providing engaging play opportunities for everyone. This qualitative case study explores and describes community engagement at PlayGrand Adventures, informed by principles of environmental reciprocity supported by Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (1986) and Gibson's Affordance Theory (1979). The researcher collected data on community perception and engagement via a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and playground observations. The study fills a gap in academic research on all-abilities playgrounds in the United States to increase awareness of the systemic underserving of people with disabilities in this country and provides a potential solution. The researcher offers initial recommendations for PlayGrand Adventures' future development and implementation with implications for replication in other cities.

Published
2022

20. Gravitational soliton solutions to self-coupled Klein-Gordon and Schr\'odinger equations

Author

Taylor, D. A., Chabysheva, S. S., and Hiller, J. R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We use the Klein-Gordon equation in a curved spacetime to construct the relativistic analog of the Schr\"odinger-Newton problem, where a scalar particle lives in a gravitational potential well generated by its own probability distribution. A static, spherically symmetric metric is computed from the field equations of general relativity, both directly and as modeled by a perfect-fluid assumption that uses the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkov equation for hydrostatic equilibrium of the mass density. The latter is appropriate for a Hartree approximation to the many-body problem of a bosonic star. Simultaneous self-consistent solution of the Klein--Gordon equation in this curved spacetime then yields solitons with a range of radial excitations. We compare results with the nonrelativistic case., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, RevTex 4.2; added new calculation based directly on GR equations and corrected error in original work

Published
2022
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23. Bacterial metabolites influence the autofluorescence of Clostridioides difficile

Author

Taylor D. Ticer, Anna M. Tingler, Janiece S. Glover, Sarah A. Dooley, Jacob Kendrick, Joseph P. Zackular, Suzanne Devkota, Gary D. Wu, Karley Mahalak, Amy Engevik, and Melinda A. Engevik

Subjects
Clostridioides difficile, Klebsiella pneumoniae, autofluorescence, metabolites, intestine, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Clostridioides difficile is a bacterial pathogen that has been implicated in severe gastrointestinal infections. C. difficile has intrinsic green autofluorescence and the level of this autofluorescence is known to be increased by growth time and oxygen. Currently, it is unclear if dietary compounds or metabolites from the gut microbiota are able to enhance C. difficile autofluorescence. Here, we aimed to determine potential factors that affect C. difficile autofluorescence. After screening a large repertoire of compounds, we identified several substances, like L-lysine and pantothenate, that led to an increased C. difficile autofluorescence. We also found that several members of the gut microbiota, such as Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella aerogenes and K. pneumoniae, can increase C. difficile autofluorescence through their secreted compounds. We further focused on the effect of K. pneumoniae on C. difficile autofluorescence and found that multiple enteric strains of K. pneumoniae could enhance C. difficile’s autofluorescence. We used this enhanced autofluorescence to identify C. difficile in K. pneumoniae co-cultures by flow cytometry. Our findings shed light on the relationship between C. difficile and other members of the gut microbiota, as well as different factors that can affect C. difficile autofluorescence.

Published
2024
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25. Improved Dark Matter Search Sensitivity Resulting from LUX Low-Energy Nuclear Recoil Calibration

Author

LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Balajthy, J., Bang, J., Baxter, A., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Burdin, S., Byram, D., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Cutter, J. E., de Viveiros, L., Druszkiewicz, E., Fan, A., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Ghag, C., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C., Hall, C. R., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Korolkova, E. V., Kravitz, S., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Leason, E., Lesko, K. T., Liao, J., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Naylor, A., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Nilima, A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Rhyne, C., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rossiter, P., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sumner, T. J., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, R., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tvrznikova, L., Utku, U., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Velan, V., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodward, D., Xiang, X., Xu, J., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) detectors have demonstrated superior search sensitivities to dark matter over a wide range of particle masses. To extend their sensitivity to include low-mass dark matter interactions, it is critical to characterize both the light and charge responses of liquid xenon to sub-keV nuclear recoils. In this work, we report a new nuclear recoil calibration in the LUX detector $\textit{in situ}$ using neutron events from a pulsed Adelphi Deuterium-Deuterium neutron generator. We demonstrate direct measurements of light and charge yields down to 0.45 keV (1.4 scintillation photons) and 0.27 keV (1.3 ionization electrons), respectively, approaching the physical limit of liquid xenon detectors. We discuss the implication of these new measurements on the physics reach of dual-phase xenon TPCs for nuclear-recoil-based low-mass dark matter detection.

Published
2022

27. Dialectic as dialogue : Emil Brunner's theology of encounter

Author

Holleyman, Taylor D., Eglinton, James, and Schmiedel, Ulrich

Subjects
Dialectic, Dialogue, Emil Brunner, Theology of Encounter
Abstract

This thesis is an examination of Emil Brunner's theological epistemology, arguing that epistemic questions and concerns stand at the center of Brunner's entire theological project. One cannot properly understand Brunner unless they have attended to the epistemic concerns that his early work explores and to the epistemic claims that his later work makes, especially his understanding of 'truth as encounter.' Encounter, moreover, is a concept that Brunner formulates with assistance from the dialogical philosophy of Ferdinand Ebner and Martin Buber. Brunner is not understood based on his dialectical commitments alone but must also be read in light of his dialogical sensibilities - i.e., in light of the dialogical principles operative in his concept of encounter. Operating within a dialectical framework, Brunner utilizes dialogical philosophy to bring epistemic and personalist interests together under the doctrine of encounter. The project starts by situating Brunner within a historical and conceptual context and follows with a descriptive analysis of Brunner's epistemic preoccupations as they developed across his career to arrive at the claim of truth as encounter. The final chapter moves beyond descriptive analysis into an exploratory application. Chapter 1 orients Brunner within an intellectual and historical context by clarifying the movement known as 'dialectical theology' based on its historical origins, theological commitments, and Brunner's self-understanding. Chapter 2 traces Brunner's early theological development between 1914 and 1924. This chapter highlights Brunner's early epistemic interests, intellectual influences, and ultimate disenchantment with the modernism of his youth. Chapter 3 takes up Brunner's claim that from 1925 onwards the dialectic of law and gospel stood at the center of his thought, showing how Brunner correlates these categories respectively with epistemic notions of the impersonal (law) and personal (gospel). Chapter 4 is an examination of Brunner's concept of truth as encounter which he claims to be the final 'lodestar' of his theological thinking. This chapter expounds on Brunner's use of dialogical philosophy (esp. Ebner and Buber) to bring epistemic and personalist interests together under the doctrine of encounter. Chapter 5 builds on the dialogical logic operative in Brunner's concept of encounter and argues for the prospects of a dialogical theology - i.e., a mode of theological inquiry that explicitly utilizes the language and principles of dialogical thought. The outcome is a theological posture, a way of orienting oneself within theological inquiry that is acutely attuned to the possibilities and implications of one's relating to God, the world, and others. Herein, theology understands itself principally as a way of relating, holding only loosely to the authority and finality of its doctrine but firmly to the relationships in which it participates. This thesis utilizes the concepts of dialectic and dialogue to frame Brunner's theology around an epistemic center and, finally, suggests dialogical theology as a productive means for contemporary theological engagement. In this way, two contributions are made. First, a contribution is made to scholarship on Brunner by giving a more thorough and sustained examination of Brunner's epistemology than is otherwise available. Second, the proposal of a dialogical theology offers creative avenues for continued engagement with and beyond Brunner. This thesis is an examination of Emil Brunner's theological epistemology, arguing that epistemic questions and concerns stand at the center of Brunner's entire theological project. One cannot properly understand Brunner unless they have attended to the epistemic concerns that his early work explores and to the epistemic claims that his later work makes, especially his understanding of 'truth as encounter.' Encounter, moreover, is a concept that Brunner formulates with assistance from the dialogical philosophy of Ferdinand Ebner and Martin Buber. Brunner is not understood based on his dialectical commitments alone but must also be read in light of his dialogical sensibilities - i.e., in light of the dialogical principles operative in his concept of encounter. Operating within a dialectical framework, Brunner utilizes dialogical philosophy to bring epistemic and personalist interests together under the doctrine of encounter. The project starts by situating Brunner within a historical and conceptual context and follows with a descriptive analysis of Brunner's epistemic preoccupations as they developed across his career to arrive at the claim of truth as encounter. The final chapter moves beyond descriptive analysis into an exploratory application. Chapter 1 orients Brunner within an intellectual and historical context by clarifying the movement known as 'dialectical theology' based on its historical origins, theological commitments, and Brunner's self-understanding. Chapter 2 traces Brunner's early theological development between 1914 and 1924. This chapter highlights Brunner's early epistemic interests, intellectual influences, and ultimate disenchantment with the modernism of his youth. Chapter 3 takes up Brunner's claim that from 1925 onwards the dialectic of law and gospel stood at the center of his thought, showing how Brunner correlates these categories respectively with epistemic notions of the impersonal (law) and personal (gospel). Chapter 4 is an examination of Brunner's concept of truth as encounter which he claims to be the final 'lodestar' of his theological thinking. This chapter expounds on Brunner's use of dialogical philosophy (esp. Ebner and Buber) to bring epistemic and personalist interests together under the doctrine of encounter. Chapter 5 builds on the dialogical logic operative in Brunner's concept of encounter and argues for the prospects of a dialogical theology - i.e., a mode of theological inquiry that explicitly utilizes the language and principles of dialogical thought. The outcome is a theological posture, a way of orienting oneself within theological inquiry that is acutely attuned to the possibilities and implications of one's relating to God, the world, and others. Herein, theology understands itself principally as a way of relating, holding only loosely to the authority and finality of its doctrine but firmly to the relationships in which it participates. This thesis utilizes the concepts of dialectic and dialogue to frame Brunner's theology around an epistemic center and, finally, suggests dialogical theology as a productive means for contemporary theological engagement. In this way, two contributions are made. First, a contribution is made to scholarship on Brunner by giving a more thorough and sustained examination of Brunner's epistemology than is otherwise available. Second, the proposal of a dialogical theology offers creative avenues for continued engagement with and beyond Brunner.

Published
2023
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28. Elucidation of the role of metals in the adsorption and photodegradation of herbicides by metal-organic frameworks

Author

Nan Chieh Chiu, Jacob M. Lessard, Emmanuel Nyela Musa, Logan S. Lancaster, Clara Wheeler, Taylor D. Krueger, Cheng Chen, Trenton C. Gallagher, Makenzie T. Nord, Hongliang Huang, Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong, Chong Fang, and Kyriakos C. Stylianou

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Here, four MOFs, namely Sc-TBAPy, Al-TBAPy, Y-TBAPy, and Fe-TBAPy (TBAPy: 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(p-benzoic acid)pyrene), were characterized and evaluated for their ability to remediate glyphosate (GP) from water. Among these materials, Sc-TBAPy demonstrates superior performance in both the adsorption and degradation of GP. Upon light irradiation for 5 min, Sc-TBAPy completely degrades 100% of GP in a 1.5 mM aqueous solution. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals that Sc-TBAPy exhibits enhanced charge transfer character compared to the other MOFs, as well as suppressed formation of emissive excimers that could impede photocatalysis. This finding was further supported by hydrogen evolution half-reaction (HER) experiments, which demonstrated Sc-TBAPy’s superior catalytic activity for water splitting. In addition to its faster adsorption and more efficient photodegradation of GP, Sc-TBAPy also followed a selective pathway towards the oxidation of GP, avoiding the formation of toxic aminomethylphosphonic acid observed with the other M3+-TBAPy MOFs. To investigate the selectivity observed with Sc-TBAPy, electron spin resonance, depleted oxygen conditions, and solvent exchange with D2O were employed to elucidate the role of different reactive oxygen species on GP photodegradation. The findings indicate that singlet oxygen (1O2) plays a critical role in the selective photodegradation pathway achieved by Sc-TBAPy.

Published
2024
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30. First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

Author

Aalbers, J., Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Alqahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Amarasinghe, C. S., Ames, A., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Azadi, S., Bailey, A. J., Baker, A., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Bargemann, J. W., Barry, M. J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Baxter, A., Beattie, K., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birch, H. J., Birrittella, B., Blockinger, G. M., Boast, K. E., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Brew, C. A. J., Brás, P., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Buuck, M., Cabrita, R., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Cherwinka, J. J., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Converse, M. V., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Craddock, W. W., Creaner, O., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Dahl, C. E., David, A., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., Delgaudio, J., Dey, S., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fraser, E. D., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V. M., Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Gibbons, R., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Green, J., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrison, A., Hartigan-O'Connor, E., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Heuermann, G., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hunt, D., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., James, R. S., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, J., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A. C., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kocher, C. D., Kodroff, D., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kyre, S., Landerud, B., Leason, E. A., Lee, C., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liao, F. -T., Liao, J., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Asamar, E. Lopez, Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McCarthy, M. E., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Meng, Y., Migneault, J., Miller, E. H., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J. A., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murdy, M., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Neves, F., Nguyen, A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Orpwood, J., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B., Pereira, C., Pereira, G., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Podczerwinski, J., Porzio, D., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rodriguez, A., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rushton, T., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J. S., Santone, D., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Scovell, P. R., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, T., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Sinev, G., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, R., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Suerfu, B., Sumner, T. J., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, R., Taylor, W. C., Temples, D. J., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tong, Z., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utku, U., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A. C., Verbus, J. R., Voirin, E., Waldron, W. L., Wang, A., Wang, B., Wang, J. J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, A., White, D. T., White, J. T., White, R. G., Whitis, T. J., Williams, M., Wisniewski, W. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Wright, C. J., Xia, Q., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., Zarzhitsky, P., Zuckerman, A., and Zweig, E. A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60~live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis shows the data to be consistent with a background-only hypothesis, setting new limits on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon, spin-dependent WIMP-neutron, and spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross sections for WIMP masses above 9 GeV/c$^2$. The most stringent limit is set for spin-independent scattering at 36 GeV/c$^2$, rejecting cross sections above 9.2$\times 10^{-48}$ cm$^2$ at the 90% confidence level., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. See https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.041002 for a data release related to this paper

Published
2022
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31. Gate-tunable anomalous Hall effect in a 3D topological insulator/2D magnet van der Waals heterostructure

Author

Gupta, Vishakha, Jain, Rakshit, Ren, Yafei, Zhang, Xiyue S., Alnaser, Husain F., Vashist, Amit, Deshpande, Vikram V., Muller, David A., Xiao, Di, Sparks, Taylor D., and Ralph, Daniel C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate advantages of samples made by mechanical stacking of exfoliated van der Waals materials for controlling the topological surface state of a 3-dimensional topological insulator (TI) via interaction with an adjacent magnet layer. We assemble bilayers with pristine interfaces using exfoliated flakes of the TI BiSbTeSe2 and the magnet Cr2Ge2Te6, thereby avoiding problems caused by interdiffusion that can affect interfaces made by top-down deposition methods. The samples exhibit an anomalous Hall effect (AHE) with abrupt hysteretic switching. For the first time in samples composed of a TI and a separate ferromagnetic layer, we demonstrate that the amplitude of the AHE can be tuned via gate voltage with a strong peak near the Dirac point. This is the signature expected for the AHE due to Berry curvature associated with an exchange gap induced by interaction between the topological surface state and an out-of-plane-oriented magnet., Comment: submitted version

Published
2022
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32. Synthesis and Electrochemical Study of Multi-Phase, Multi-Species Ion Conductor Sodium beta'-Alumina (BASE) + 20SDC Using a Vapor-Phase Process

Author

Elahi, Pooya, Horsley, Jude A., and Sparks, Taylor D.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The recent emergence of multi-species multi-phase materials provides intriguing opportunities to maximize electrochemical performance in various electrochemical devices. This work summarizes the current understanding of the coupled transport reactions in multi-phase multi-species ionic conductors. We also provide experimental results of the fabrication of multi-phases Na-beta"-alumina+20mol% Scandia Doped Ceria(20SDC) as simultaneous sodium and oxygen ion conductor by a cost-effective vapor phase process demonstrating higher conductivity achieved in a much shorter time than other published results. In this study, two-phase contiguous composites of Al2O3+20SDC are fabricated by conventional ceramic processing and sintering in the air at 1400C 1500C, and 1600C, for 3 hours. The samples are heat-treated while exposed to a sodium oxide vapor source at different time lengths. The conversion mechanism involves coupled transport of sodium ions through newly formed Na-beta"-alumina and oxygen ions through 20SDC. The experimental data are analyzed using diffraction and spectroscopy methods. The samples with finer grains show faster kinetics compared to coarse microstructures due to the presence of more extended triple-phase boundaries (TPB). As a result, the total conductivity of the multi-phase sample compared to that of pure 20SDC is improved by three times, while fabrication time is decreased by 60% compared to Na-beta"-alumina+YSZ.

Published
2022

33. Effect of Sintering Conditions on the Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of 6Scandia 1Ceria co-doped Zirconia (6Sc1CeZr)

Author

Elahi, Pooya, Winterholler, Elizabeth, and Sparks, Taylor D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The current work studies the effect of sintering conditions on the densification behavior, microstructure, and electrochemical performance of 6 mol% Sc2O3, 1 mol% CeO2 co-doped ZrO2 (6Sc1CeZr) for solid-state electrolyte applications. The specimen's physical properties and electrochemical performance sintered at different temperatures ranging from 1000 {\deg}C to 1700 {\deg}C for 6 hours are examined through diffraction, microscopy, and Raman and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The activation energy and pre-exponential conductivity factor of the oxygen ions are calculated using a linear fit to the Arrhenius-type conductivity equation. We observe that samples sintered at 1500 {\deg}C for 6h show a lower c/a axial ratio for the tetragonal phase, highest relative density, and highest total conductivity among all samples investigated. The higher total conductivity is explained by the formation of a higher symmetric tetragonal phase and the simultaneous existence of the cubic and tetragonal phases (with higher symmetry), supported by the presence of the cerium ions partially replaced zirconium ions' sites., Comment: The project is canceled

Published
2022

34. Contributors

Author

Allison, Steven D., primary, Balestrini, R., additional, Bandopadhyay, Sreejata, additional, Barré, Pierre, additional, Bhatnagar, Jennifer M., additional, Bianciotto, V., additional, Blackwood, Christopher B., additional, Brodie, Eoin L., additional, Chenu, Claire, additional, Chung, Brian, additional, Coleman, D.C., additional, Duan, Elizabeth, additional, Emerson, Joanne B., additional, Frey, Serita D., additional, Frossard, Emmanuel, additional, Geisen, S., additional, Geyer, Kevin, additional, Ghignone, S., additional, Groffman, P.M., additional, Heck, Richard J., additional, Horwath, William R., additional, Kandeler, Ellen, additional, Karaoz, Ulas, additional, Kertesz, Michael A., additional, Kuzyakov, Yakov, additional, Lumini, E., additional, McGill, William B., additional, Mello, A., additional, Moore, John C., additional, Morris, Sherri J., additional, Mueller, Nathaniel, additional, Paul, Eldor A., additional, Plante, Alain F., additional, Robertson, G.P., additional, Rumpel, Cornelia, additional, Shade, Ashley, additional, Sillo, F., additional, Slocum, Maura, additional, Taylor, D. Lee, additional, Védère, Charlotte, additional, Voroney, R. Paul, additional, Wall, D.H., additional, Xie, Wally, additional, and Zampieri, E., additional

Published
2024
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36. Polarized Raman Microscopy to Image Microstructure Changes in Silicon Phthalocyanine Thin‐Films

Author

Rosemary R. Cranston, Taylor D. Lanosky, Raluchukwu Ewenike, Sophia Mckillop, Benjamin King, and Benoît H. Lessard

Subjects
organic thin‐film transistors, polymorph, Raman microscopy, silicon phthalocyanine, thermal annealing, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

The choice of deposition technique and post deposition treatment can significantly influence the performance of organic electronic devices by altering the complex relationship between film properties and charge transport. Herein, the influence of deposition method and post deposition thermal annealing on the thin‐film properties of an emerging semiconductor, bis(tri‐n‐propylsilyl oxide) SiPc ((3PS)2‐SiPc), is examined by polarized Raman microscopy. Comparing physical vapor deposition (PVD) and spin‐coating, the orientation of (3PS)2‐SiPc molecules in films is determined and further characterized by X‐ray diffraction to assess variations in microstructure and morphology due to thermal annealing. Despite differences in film formation, non‐annealed organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) fabricated by PVD and spin‐coating resulted in similar electron mobilities (μe) on the order of 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 and threshold voltages (VT) of 10–20 V. Films fabricated by PVD annealed at 175 °C transition to a new polymorphic form with molecules aligned at a higher angle to the substrate and exhibiting reduced device performance. Conversely, spin‐coated films do not undergo any new polymorph formation or structural reorganization with thermal annealing. PVD fabricated films are thus more readily able to undergo transformations to structure and morphology with post deposition processing, while the microstructure of spin‐coated films is established at the time of deposition.

Published
2024
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37. Vagotomy accelerates the onset of symptoms during early disease progression and worsens joint-level pathogenesis in a male rat model of chronic knee osteoarthritis

Author

Carlos J. Cruz, Taylor D. Yeater, Jacob L. Griffith, and Kyle D. Allen

Subjects
Osteoarthritis, Autonomic nervous system, Vagotomy, Brain-joint axis, Rat model, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Objective: Low vagal tone is common in osteoarthritis (OA) comorbidities and results in greater peripheral inflammation. Characterizing vagal tone's role in OA pathogenesis may offer insights into OA's influences beyond the articular joint. We hypothesized that low vagal tone would accelerate onset of OA-related gait changes and worsen joint damage in a rat knee OA model. Methods: Knee OA was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by transecting the medial collateral ligament and medial meniscus. Then, left cervical vagus nerve transection (VGX, n ​= ​9) or sham VGX (non-VGX, n ​= ​6) was performed. Gait and tactile sensitivity were assessed at baseline and across 12 weeks, with histology and systemic inflammation evaluated at endpoint. Results: At week 4, VGX animals showed limping gait characteristics through shifted stance times from their OA to non-OA limb (p ​= ​0.055; stance time imbalance ​= ​1.6 ​± ​1.6%) and shifted foot strike locations (p ​

Published
2024
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38. Characterization of pain-related behaviors in a rat model of acute-to-chronic low back pain: single vs. multi-level disc injury

Author

Mary F. Barbe, Frank Liu Chen, Regina H. Loomis, Michele Y. Harris, Brandon M. Kim, Kevin Xie, Brendan A. Hilliard, Elizabeth R. McGonagle, Taylor D. Bailey, Ryan P. Gares, Megan Van Der Bas, Betsy A. Kalicharan, Lewis Holt-Bright, Laura S. Stone, Paul W. Hodges, and David M. Klyne

Subjects
low back pain, acute to chronic, disc puncture, algometer, von frey, social interaction skills, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

IntroductionLow back pain is the most common type of chronic pain. We examined pain-related behaviors across 18 weeks in rats that received injury to one or two lumbar intervertebral discs (IVD) to determine if multi-level disc injuries enhance/prolong pain.MethodsTwenty-three Sprague-Dawley adult female rats were used: 8 received disc puncture (DP) of one lumbar IVD (L5/6, DP-1); 8 received DP of two lumbar IVDs (L4/5 & L5/6, DP-2); 8 underwent sham surgery.ResultsDP-2 rats showed local (low back) sensitivity to pressure at 6- and 12-weeks post-injury, and remote sensitivity to pressure (upper thighs) at 12- and 18-weeks and touch (hind paws) at 6, 12 and 18-weeks. DP-1 rats showed local and remote pressure sensitivity at 12-weeks only (and no tactile sensitivity), relative to Sham DP rats. Both DP groups showed reduced distance traveled during gait testing over multiple weeks, compared to pre-injury; only DP-2 rats showed reduced distance relative to Sham DP rats at 12-weeks. DP-2 rats displayed reduced positive interactions with a novel adult female rat at 3-weeks and hesitation and freezing during gait assays from 6-weeks onwards. At study end (18-weeks), radiological and histological analyses revealed reduced disc height and degeneration of punctured IVDs. Serum BDNF and TNFα levels were higher at 18-weeks in DP-2 rats, relative to Sham DP rats, and levels correlated positively with remote sensitivity in hind paws (tactile) and thighs (pressure).DiscussionThus, multi-level disc injuries resulted in earlier, prolonged and greater discomfort locally and remotely, than single-level disc injury. BDNF and TNFα may have contributing roles.

Published
2024
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42. High-dimensional Bayesian Optimization of Hyperparameters for an Attention-based Network to Predict Materials Property: a Case Study on CrabNet using Ax and SAASBO

Author

Baird, Sterling G., Liu, Marianne, and Sparks, Taylor D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Expensive-to-train deep learning models can benefit from an optimization of the hyperparameters that determine the model architecture. We optimize 23 hyperparameters of a materials informatics model, Compositionally-Restricted Attention-Based Network (CrabNet), over 100 adaptive design iterations using two models within the Adaptive Experimentation (Ax) Platform. This includes a recently developed Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm, sparse axis-aligned subspaces Bayesian optimization (SAASBO), which has shown exciting performance on high-dimensional optimization tasks. Using SAASBO to optimize CrabNet hyperparameters, we demonstrate a new state-of-the-art on the experimental band gap regression task within the materials informatics benchmarking platform, Matbench (~4.5% decrease in mean absolute error (MAE) relative to incumbent). Characteristics of the adaptive design scheme as well as feature importances are described for each of the Ax models. SAASBO has great potential to both improve existing surrogate models, as shown in this work, and in future work, to efficiently discover new, high-performing materials in high-dimensional materials science search spaces., Comment: main: 18 pages, 8 figures. supp: 24 pages, 22 figures. To be submitted to Computational Materials Science

Published
2022
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43. Engineering of piezoelectric properties in ferroelectric ceramics and thin films

Author

Damjanovic, D., Chu, F., Taylor, D. V., Demartin Maeder, M., Sagalowicz, L., Duran Martin, P., and Setter, N.

Subjects
Ferroelectric, piezoelectric, thin films, domain-walls, Ferroelectricidad, piezoelectricidad, láminas delgadas, paredes de dominios, Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass, TP785-869
Abstract

The paper discusses different possibilities for controlling piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric materials and devices. The piezoelectric properties engineering can be made on different scales. Tuning of the piezoelectric response by controlling contributions from domain walls displacement is used to illustrate engineering on nanometer scale. Texture control in ferroelectric films and grain size control is discussed as an example of property control on micrometer scale. Finally, engineering on macroscopic (millimeter) scale is illustrated by amplification methods employed in multilayer actuators and different bimorph-type structures as well as by control of electro-mechanical properties in polymer-ceramic composites.El presente trabajo discute las diferentes posibilidades existentes en el control de las propiedades piezoeléctricas de materiales ferroeléctricos y dispositivos piezoeléctricos. La ingeniería de las propiedades piezoeléctricas se puede llevar a cabo a diferentes niveles. El ajuste de dichas propiedades controlando las contribuciones del desplazamiento de paredes de dominios se usa para ilustrar el diseño a escala nanométrica. El control de la textura en láminas delgadas ferroeléctricas y el control del tamaño de grano serán tratados como un ejemplo del control de propiedades a nivel micrométrico. Por último, la ingeniería de materiales a escala macroscópica (milimétrica) será ilustrada mediante algunos métodos de amplificación empleados en actuadores multicapa y diferentes estructuras de tipo bimorfo, al igual que por métodos de control de las propiedades electromecánicas en materiales compuestos polímerico-cerámicos.

Published
1999

44. The Influence of Case on Agriculture Teachers' Use of Inquiry-Based Methods

Author

Bird, Taylor D. and Rice, Amber H.

Abstract

The Curriculum for Agricultural Science Education (CASE) is a national curriculum model used to promote inquiry-based learning, with a focus on facilitating student development of critical thinking skills through hands-on application. However, limited research has been conducted on how agriculture teachers are using the curriculum after completing the required professional development training and its impact on their future classroom instruction. The central research question that guided this study was: how does completion of the Southwestern Land Grant University CASE professional development institute influence behavior patterns of agriculture teachers for incorporating inquiry-based learning through science integration? This research was conducted utilizing a multi-case study design. Nine certified CASE teachers who completed a summer 2018 institute were interviewed, observed, and had lesson plans analyzed. Five major themes emerged from the data: 1) barriers to CASE implementation exist that impacted teacher behavior, 2) experience in industry leads to increased teacher efficacy for inquiry-based strategies, 3) traditionally certified teachers are more likely to fall back on didactic teaching orientations, 4) a disconnect exists between student capacity and CASE expectations of inquiry-based methods, and 5) in state training and networking plays a vital role in teachers' perceptions of CASE. Further research recommendations include expanding the scope of this study to provide insight on how lead teachers, regions, and/or curriculum pathways affect implementation of inquiry-based learning and purposeful science integration. Recommendations for practice include increased collaboration among CASE certified teachers, development of a state-wide online platform, and additional funding opportunities for teachers.

Published
2021

45. Data-Driven Materials Discovery and Synthesis using Machine Learning Methods

Author

Baird, Sterling G., Liu, Marianne, Sayeed, Hasan M., and Sparks, Taylor D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Experimentally [1-38] and computationally [39-50] validated machine learning (ML) articles are sorted based on the size of the training data: 1-100, 101-10000, and 10000+ in a comprehensive set summarizing legacy and recent advances in the field. The review emphasizes the interrelated fields of synthesis, characterization, and prediction. Size range 1-100 consists mostly of Bayesian optimization (BO) articles, whereas 101-10000 consists mostly of support vector machine (SVM) articles. The articles often use combinations of ML, feature selection (FS), adaptive design (AD), high-throughput (HiTp) techniques, and domain knowledge to enhance predictive performance and/or model interpretability. Grouping cross-validation (G-CV) techniques curb overly optimistic extrapolative predictive performance. Smaller datasets relying on AD are typically able to identify new materials with desired properties but do so in a constrained design space. In larger datasets, the low-hanging fruit of materials optimization is typically already discovered, and the models are generally less successful at extrapolating to new materials, especially when the model training data favors a particular type of material. The large increase of ML materials science articles that perform experimental or computational validation on the predicted results demonstrates the interpenetration of materials informatics with the materials science discipline and an accelerating materials discovery for real-world applications., Comment: 43 pages (double-spaced), 12 figures, in press as chapter for Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry III

Published
2022
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46. Fast and Flexible Analysis of Direct Dark Matter Search Data with Machine Learning

Author

LUX Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Alsum, S., Araújo, H. M., Bai, X., Balajthy, J., Bang, J., Baxter, A., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Burdin, S., Byram, D., Carrara, N., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Chan, C., Cutter, J. E., de Viveiros, L., Druszkiewicz, E., Ernst, J., Fan, A., Fiorucci, S., Gaitskell, R. J., Ghag, C., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C., Hall, C. R., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Hogan, D. P., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Ji, W., Kamdin, K., Kazkaz, K., Khaitan, D., Korolkova, E. V., Kravitz, S., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Leason, E., Lenardo, B. G., Lesko, K. T., Liao, J., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Manalaysay, A., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., McKinsey, D. N., Mei, D. -M., Morad, J. A., Murphy, A. St. J., Naylor, A., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Nilima, A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Palladino, K. J., Rhyne, C., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rossiter, P., Shaw, S., Shutt, T. A., Silva, C., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sumner, T. J., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, R., Taylor, W. C., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Tiedt, D. R., To, W. H., Tvrznikova, L., Utku, U., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Velan, V., Webb, R. C., White, J. T., Whitis, T. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodward, D., Xian, X., Xu, J., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the results from combining machine learning with the profile likelihood fit procedure, using data from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment. This approach demonstrates reduction in computation time by a factor of 30 when compared with the previous approach, without loss of performance on real data. We establish its flexibility to capture non-linear correlations between variables (such as smearing in light and charge signals due to position variation) by achieving equal performance using pulse areas with and without position-corrections applied. Its efficiency and scalability furthermore enables searching for dark matter using additional variables without significant computational burden. We demonstrate this by including a light signal pulse shape variable alongside more traditional inputs such as light and charge signal strengths. This technique can be exploited by future dark matter experiments to make use of additional information, reduce computational resources needed for signal searches and simulations, and make inclusion of physical nuisance parameters in fits tractable.

Published
2022
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47. Real-space visualization of short-range antiferromagnetic correlations in a magnetically enhanced thermoelectric

Author

Baral, Raju, Christensen, Jacob, Hamilton, Parker, Ye, Feng, Chesnel, Karine, Sparks, Taylor D., Ward, Rosa, Yan, Jiaqiang, McGuire, Michael A., Manley, Michael E., Staunton, Julie B., Hermann, Raphaël P., and Frandsen, Benjamin A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Short-range magnetic correlations can significantly increase the thermopower of magnetic semiconductors, representing a noteworthy development in the decades-long effort to develop high-performance thermoelectric materials. Here, we reveal the nature of the thermopower-enhancing magnetic correlations in the antiferromagnetic semiconductor MnTe. Using magnetic pair distribution function analysis of neutron scattering data, we obtain a detailed, real-space view of robust, nanometer-scale, antiferromagnetic correlations that persist into the paramagnetic phase above the N\'eel temperature $T_{\mathrm{N}}$ = 307 K. The magnetic correlation length in the paramagnetic state is significantly longer along the crystallographic $c$ axis than within the $ab$ plane, pointing to anisotropic magnetic interactions. Ab initio calculations of the spin-spin correlations using density functional theory in the disordered local moment approach reproduce this result with quantitative accuracy. These findings constitute the first real-space picture of short-range spin correlations in a magnetically enhanced thermoelectric and inform future efforts to optimize thermoelectric performance by magnetic means.

Published
2022
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50. Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Detected in Biting Midges and Black Flies during the 2023 Outbreak in Southern California

Author

Stacey L. P. Scroggs, Dustin A. Swanson, Taylor D. Steele, Amy R. Hudson, Lindsey M. Reister-Hendricks, Jessica Gutierrez, Phillip Shults, Bethany L. McGregor, Caitlin E. Taylor, Travis M. Davis, Nadine Lamberski, Kristen A. Phair, Lauren L. Howard, Nathan E. McConnell, Nikos Gurfield, Barbara S. Drolet, Angela M. Pelzel-McCluskey, and Lee W. Cohnstaedt

Subjects
vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus, Culicoides, Simulium, California, VSV, VSNJV, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is a viral disease that affects horses, cattle, and swine that is transmitted by direct contact and hematophagous insects. In 2023, a multi-state outbreak of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus (VSNJV) occurred in California, Nevada, and Texas, infecting horses, cattle, and rhinoceros. To identify possible insect vectors, we conducted insect surveillance at various locations in San Diego County, CA, including at a wildlife park. CO2 baited traps set from mid-May to mid-August 2023 collected 2357 Culicoides biting midges and 1215 Simulium black flies, which are insect genera implicated in VSNJV transmission. Insects were pooled by species, location, and date, then tested for viral RNA. Nine RNA-positive pools of Culicoides spp. and sixteen RNA-positive pools of Simulium spp were detected. Infectious virus was detected by cytopathic effect in 96% of the RNA-positive pools. This is the first report of VSNJV in wild-caught C. bergi, C. freeborni, C. occidentalis, S. argus, S. hippovorum, and S. tescorum. The vector competency of these species for VSNJV has yet to be determined but warrants examination. Active vector surveillance and testing during disease outbreaks increases our understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of VS and informs vector control efforts.

Published
2024
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