Search

Abstract Background Reconstruction of maxillofacial defects is challenging due to the region’s complex anatomy. During the COVID-19 era, many patients lost their maxilla and chewing efficiency as a result of Mucormycosis. In such cases, custom-designed implants offer a graftless solution for seemingly hopeless situations. This case report aims at miraculous dental transformation utilizing the Patient Specific Implant (PSI) approach. Case Presentation A 64-year-old male patient presented to the Prosthodontics Department with the chief complaint of missing teeth. He had been struggling with chewing for two years due to a post-mucormycotic maxillary jaw. A CT scan was obtained to evaluate and investigate the affected site. After a comprehensive diagnosis, the treatment of choice was a patient-specific implant decided using 3D printing technology. Reconstructing maxillofacial defects poses significant challenges due to the region’s intricate anatomy, as well as its aesthetic and functional implications. The use of pre-formed alloplastic implants and autogenous grafts often leads to complications such as resorption, infection, and displacement. However, recent technological advances have made it possible to fabricate customized patient-specific implants (PSIs) through computer modeling, offering new opportunities for reconstructive surgery. Conclusion This case report demonstrates the dental management of post-mucormycotic patients with specially designed implants, customized according to the availability and anatomy of the bone in the entire head region. The absence of complications during follow-up, conducted at 15, 30, 45, and 90 days, and subsequently monthly for two years, highlights the success of this approach. Evaluation parameters included infection, soft tissue recovery, wound separation, masticatory efficiency, stability of the prosthesis, and aesthetic outcomes. The positive outcomes observed at follow-up appointments emphasize the viability and effectiveness of patient-specific implants in addressing maxillary defects caused by post-mucormycosis.

This paper explores the impact of MHD couple stress and slip velocity over a conical bearing in the presence of magnetic field. The flow is considered as incompressible. A uniform magnetic field is imposed perpendicular to the bearing alongy-axis. The modified Reynolds equation is solved using appropriate boundary conditions in dimensionless form to find the pressure distribution which is then used to obtain the expression for load carrying capacity paving the way for the calculation of response time. Numerical computations of the results show that the MHD couple stress on the conical bearings indicates that enhances the pressure distribution, load carrying capacity and squeeze film time of the conical bearings. Further, decrease in these characteristics was observed for the increased values of slip velocity and cone angle.

This study explores the effect of theoretical MHD on curved circular and flat plates using non-Newtonian lubricant. Lower flat plate is porous and rough. The Stokes theory has been used to incorporate the couple stress effects. Furthermore, Darcy law is taken into account for porous medium. Average pressure, load support and squeeze film time are determined from Christensen theory. The numerical results for bearing characteristics such as pressure, load carrying capacity and squeeze film time are plotted graphically to study the influence of curved circular and flat plate. This investigation shows that the squeeze film characteristics are higher in azimuthal roughness patterns and lower in radial patterns due to roughness parameter. In addition, MHD and couple stress boost the pressure, load support and squeezing time compared to Newtonian and non-magnetic cases. The effect of permeability of the porous layer is to decrease the load carrying capacity as it gives an easy path for the lubricant to pass through.

This paper explores the combined effects of heat radiation, viscous dissipation, and chemical reactions on the steady flow of Williamson nanofluid over an exponentially stretched sheet. The Governing non-linear Partial Differential Equations (PDE's), converted to couple nonlinear Ordinary ODE's by using similarity transformation, which are solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method along with the shooting technique. The study shows detailed analysis of the behaviour of Williamson nanofluid under the influence of thermal radiation and magnetic fields, having relevant industrial applications in cooling technologies and polymer processing. The results show that increasing the magnetic field parameter reduces the fluid velocity, while higher thermal radiation and Brownian motion parameters significantly enhance heat transfer rate withing the boundary region.

The present research explains the study of two dimensional Casson nano liquid infinite motion on the linearly elongating porous sheet using Brinkmann-Forcheiemerr porous medium. The study involved mathematical models for the effects of magnetic field, viscous dissipation, heat source/sink for the two-dimensional Casson nano liquid over an elongating porous sheet. Using Similarity transformations, governing Partial differential Equations-PDEs are transferred into coupled Ordinary Differential Equations-ODEs. Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method is used for solving the system of ordinary dimensionless differential equations. The Brinkmann model illustrates the fluid motion through a permeable medium, emphasizing the significance of shear stresses in transferring momentum within the liquid. This study mainly discusses the behaviour of various physical parameters like Brownian motion-Nb, Thermophoresis-Nt, Prandtl number-Pr, Eckert Number-Ec, Forchiemerr parametric quantity-F* and Casson liquid-β, on the velocity, temperature, concentration profiles and are expressed by the way of plots. The obtained numerical results of Brownian Motion-Nb and Thermophoresis parameter-Nt are discussed and compared with the previous literature in a tabular form. From the study it is observed that when Forchheimerr parameter −F* increases the temperature profile whereas the opposite effect is seen for velocity profiles.

Abstract A simplified mathematical model has been developed for understanding combined effects of surface roughness, viscosity variation and couple stresses on the squeeze film behaviour of a flat and a curved circular plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field. The Stokes (1966) couple stress fluid model is included to account for the couple stresses arising due to the presence of microstructure additives in the lubricant. In the context of Christensen’s (1969) stochastic theory for the lubrication of rough surfaces, two types of one-dimensional roughness patterns (radial and azimuthal) are considered. The governing modified stochastic Reynolds type equations are derived for these roughness patterns. Expressions for the mean squeeze film characteristics are obtained. Numerical computations of the results show that the azimuthal roughness pattern on the curved circular and flat plate results in more pressure buildup whereas performance of the squeeze film suffers due to the radial roughness pattern. Further the Lorentz force characterized by the Hartmann number, couple stress parameter and viscosity variation parameter improve the performance of the squeeze film lubrication as compared to the classical case (Non-magnetic, Newtonian case and non-viscous case).

On stretched magnetic surfaces, we present a numerical study of Casson nanofluids moving through porous materials. The Casson liquid model explains how non-Newtonian liquids behave. Numerical techniques are utilized to solve the nonlinear partial differential equations produced by similarity transformations. Results are gathered for the Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, temperature and velocity. The impacts of physical variables on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids are depicted in graphs. They include the Prandtl number, magnetic parameter, radiation parameter, porosity parameter and Casson parameter. Findings indicate that as the Casson nanofluid parameters are increased, the temperature profile rises but the velocity field decreases. With increasing magnetic parameters alone, it is possible to see a decrease in the thickness of the pulse boundary layer and an increase in the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. All the results are depicted in graphical representations.

Introduction: Marginal and internal fit of a metal crown are very important for a successful metal crown prosthesis. This study will evaluate the marginal and internal fit of metal crowns produced from wax patterns that are formed by two different wax pattern fabrication procedures: conventional wax pattern fabrication and wax pattern milled using the computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD CAM) method. Objectives: To evaluate the marginal and internal fit of metal crowns over prepared tooth made from wax patterns made by conventional technique and CAD CAM technique. Methodology: A total of 21 participants with endodontically restored mandibular first molar will be selected. Two all-metal crowns will be made for each participant, thus 42 metal crowns in total will be made. These 42 metal crowns will be divided into two groups based on the method used to create wax patterns: metal crowns made using conventional hand-carved wax pattern technique (Group I, n=21) and metal crowns made using CAD CAM-milled wax pattern technique (Group II, n=21). Then, the marginal and internal fit of metal crowns from both groups will be compared. Expected results: It is expected that metal crowns made by CAD CAM milled wax pattern fabrication method will have better marginal and internal fit than those of conventional method. Conclusions: The clinical acceptability and success of the dental crown will be assessed by this study. Minimal marginal gap and better internal fit of all metal crown are key qualities.

Present analysis deals with the characteristics of radiative heat on the peristaltic flow of nanofluid through wavy walls of a tapered channel. Peristaltic flows within the pumping process arise in the region having lower to higher pressure region. Assumption of velocity slip along with the convective boundary condition energizes the thermal system as well as the flow phenomena. However, the combined effect of Brownian motion and thermophorsis due to the cross-diffusion effect affects the flow properties. One of the significant applications of the flow is that the blood pumping in the human body. It acts as a vehicle through the liquid that past through the wavy channels walls contacting liquids expands in its length due to the dynamical rush. However, solution of the transformed governing flow phenomena is obtained by employing approximate analytical technique known as Variation Parameter Method (VPM). The characteristics of the parameters involved in the system are presented via graphs. Present outcome warrants that, the significance of magnetic strength and flow through the permeable medium may favours to enhance the pumping procedure as the pressure gradient lower down in the non-Darcy medium found to be one of the important observations. Further, significant enhancement in the fluid temperature and concentration profile is exhibited due to the consideration of the convective conditions i.e. the augmentation in the thermal and solutalBiot numbers respectively.

The effect of heat and mass transfer on mixed convection flow field with porous matrix in a vertical channel has investigated analytically. The analytical solutions of the coupled nonlinear differential equations are obtained for velocity, temperatures and concentrations are showed graphically. The results obtained analytically by using regular perturbation method are considered to be favorable as no such investigations are performed previously. The governing equations have been made smaller than Non-linear ordinary differential equations by means of flow parameters. Investigations are carried out on the flow characteristics for different values of Grashof number, Reynolds number, Brinkman number, heat generation/absorption parameter and porous parameter. It is found that an increases in the Grashof number cause the buoyancy to increase, which in turn causes the fluid flow for heat generation and absorption to increase.

The current study investigates the laminar flow of boundary layer using a porous surface shrinking exponentially under varying magnetic field, suction/injection, radiation on velocity and thermal slips. The dimensionless nonlinear differential equations were also defined in terms of governing partial differential equations and applying similarity transformations. The equations were analytically solved following the homotopy analysis method (HAM). An excellent agreement is observed in comparison with theavailable literature in special case (Skin friction coefficient). In the current study, an analytic solution is obtained for the laminar incompressible MHD boundary layer viscous fluid flow problem on the exponentially electrically conducting porous shrinking surface. The impact of different parameters like injection/suction, Prandtl number, radiation, velocity slip, thermal slip, as well as the magnetic field on different velocity and temperature values have been presented graphically, and have been discussed in detail. The f″(0) skin friction rises with higher suction parameter s(>0) values, magnetic parameter M but it decreases when the slip parameter value is increased. Whereas heat transfer rate −θ′(0) rises with an increasing M, s and λ..

In this study, we present a facile approach for the green synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) through electrochemical polymerization on a graphitic paste electrode, thus enhancing its use in electrochemical sensing applications. The morphology of the synthesized PANI was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the crystallinity of the material was studied using XRD, and further functional groups were characterized by FT‐IR and UV spectroscopy. PANI, coated on the surface of a graphitic paste ‐modified electrode (P‐GPME) by controlled electrolysis, demonstrated notable electrocatalytic activity toward L‐cysteine (L‐cyst). The redox behavior of L‐cyst at the P‐GPME surface was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 2.4 × 10−6 and 1.21 × 10−5 mol L−1, respectively. These results highlight the potential of P‐GPME for selective and sensitive detection of L‐cyst. Furthermore, the designed electrode was effectively employed for the determination of L‐cyst in urine samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]