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5. "They are Coming in So Fast That if We Had Publicity About the Clinic We Would Be Swamped": Edris Rice-Wray, the First Family Planning Clinic in Mexico (1959), and the Intervention of US-Based Private Foundations.

Author

Tavares, Martha Liliana Espinosa

Subjects
*FAMILY planning services, *MEXICAN history, *HISTORY of accounting, *COLD War, 1945-1991, *FAMILY planning, *PUBLICITY, DEVELOPING countries
Abstract

Population growth in the so-called third world countries became a cause for international concern at the dawn of the Cold War era. In this scenario, Mexico, whose total population doubled every twenty years, became one of the main preoccupations for the emergent global population control movement. While most accounts on the history of family planning in Mexico have tended to focus on the mid-1970s, when the government abandoned its pro-natalist stance, this article demonstrates that, by that time, American and Mexican actors had already launched a systematic effort to implement family planning programs. This work explores the history of the creation of Mexico's first family planning clinic, founded in 1959 by American doctor Edris Rice-Wray, and the subsequent development of national associations and programs that, with the support of the Population Council and the Ford Foundation, provided family planning services throughout the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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6. Microstructural and physical-mechanical analyses of the performance of nanostructured and other compatible consolidation products for historical renders: Mikrostruktura in fizikalno-mehanske lastnosti nanostrukturnih in drugih kompatibilnih proizvodov za utrjevanje zgodovinskih ometov

Author

Borsoi, Giovanni, Silva, António Santos, Tavares, Martha, and Veiga, Maria do Rosário

Abstract

The surface consolidation of historical renders, directed to restore cohesion and stability, is based on the use of materials with aggregating properties. This operation is usually achieved with the use of inorganic or mineral consolidants, which are preferred to organic ones, due to the better compatibility and durability. Based on the results of previous studies, two mineral-compatible products were selected: a commercial dispersion of calcium hydroxide nanoparticles in propanol and a calcium-silicate product, consisting of a limewater dispersion of ethyl silicate. The consolidation products were applied to mortar specimens in order to assess their efficacy by determining their microstructural and physical-mechanical properties, before and after the consolidation treatment. Microstructural (optical and SEM microscopy) and chemical analyses of the consolidation products and of the consolidated samples were performed. The physical-mechanical analyses, i.e., the superficial hardness, is reported too. Utrjevanje površine zgodovinskih ometov z vidika ohranjanja kohezije in stabilnosti temelji na uporabi materialov z vezivno sposobnostjo. To se navadno doseže z uporabo neorganskih ali mineralnih utrjevalcev, ki so v prednosti pred organskimi zaradi boljše skladnosti in zdržljivosti. Na podlagi predhodnih študij sta bili izbrani dve vezivi: komercialna disperzija delcev kalcijevega hidroksida v propanolu in proizvod na osnovi kalcijevega silikata, ki vsebuje apnovico, dispergirano v etil silikatu. Namen uporabe vzorcev veziv na vzorcih malte je bil ugotoviti njihovo učinkovitost z določitvijo mikrostrukture in fizikalno-mehanskih lastnosti, pred obdelavo z vezivom in po njej. Izvršene so bile raziskave mikrostrukture (svetlobna in SEM-mikroskopija), kemijska analiza vzorcev veziv in vzorcev po utrjevanju, fizikalno-mehanski preizkusi, poročamo pa tudi o trdoti površine.

Published
2012

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