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10. Investigation of the distribution, antigenic variation and the biological role of phase variation of the haemoglobin receptors of Neisseria meningitidis

Author

Tauseef, Isfahan and Bayliss, Christopher

Subjects
616.82
Abstract

Neisseria meningitidis is the major cause of bacterial meningitis worldwide. The genome of this pathogen contains >40 phase variable loci whose expression is regulated by tandem DNA repeat tracts. Majority of these loci encode OMPs, which are potential targets for host innate and adaptive immune responses. An analysis for the distribution, frequency and role of PV of these genes is relevant in determining their virulence association and suitability as a future vaccine candidate. The project investigated the combined distribution, frequency and PV status of two important genes, hpuAB and hmbR, in disease (n=221) and carriage (n=305) isolates. Strains with both genes or only hmbR were present at similar frequencies among disease isolates as compared with carriage isolates. However, >90 % of isolates from CC5, CC8 and CC11 (CCs with the highest disease to carriage ratios) contained both genes. Strains with only hpuAB gene were under-represented among disease isolates, possibly due to the receptor having a high level of immunogenicity or being inefficient in iron acquisition during systemic spread. Absence of hpuAB resulted from either complete deletion or replacement by an insertion element. Further, one or both genes were found in an ON state in 96 % of disease and 66 % of carriage isolates. This suggests that expression of at least one Hb receptor is of major importance for disease, and that the presence of both receptors contributes to virulence in some strains. The experimental findings also revealed the ability of strain 8047 to escape from MAb P1.2 mediated killing due to PV in porA promoter sequences. We conclude that incubation in the presence of antibody selected for phase variants (10C or 9C) with >3 fold lower PorA surface expression than wild type. This escape in the presence of a specific immune response is an elegant demonstration of the importance of PV for adaptation, and have implications in the development of PorA based vaccines. Finally, the bactericidal activity of HpuA polyclonal antisera generated during this project was evaluated and possible reasons for a lack of its activity are discussed.

Published
2012

13. Impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on yield and disease control of Nicotiana tabacum

Author

Khan Sohail, Subhan Fazli, Haleem Kashif S., Khattak Muhammad N. K., Khan Ibrar, Sultan Tariq, and Tauseef Isfahan

Subjects
rhizobacteria, soil, tobacco, phytopathogens, plant protection, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

An unexplored soil microbial community associated with the root system of Nicotiana tabacum was isolated to analyze its impact on growth and yield of the crop. A total of nine isolates out of 180 were biochemically screened and characterized as potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria due to the expression of growth-promoting traits. All isolates were positive for ammonia production, 8 were positive for phosphate solubilization but none for auxin production. The majority of the isolates were also found positive for hydrogen cyanide, siderophore and hydrolytic/degradative enzymes production, enabling them to restrict the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in an in vitro assay. Although all tested isolates enhanced tobacco growth significantly, Baj-ER-01 and CD-RS-03 were found to be the most promising in enhancing all aspects of growth. This study provides evidence for the enhancement of growth and yield of inoculated tobacco plants through an adequate supply of nutrients and/or controlling phytopathogens.

Published
2018
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16. Individual and Combined Efficacy of Antibiotics and Probiotics on the Growth of Broiler Chicken

Author

Khan, Sangeen, primary, Sattar, Abdul, additional, Lodhi, Sumaira Salahuddin, additional, Abbas, Azhar, additional, Ali, Farman, additional, Rahman, Shafiq Ur, additional, Ahmad, Abbas, additional, Abbas, Muhammad, additional, Ahmad, Naqeeb, additional, Ullah, Kaleem, additional, Shoukat, Muhammad Usman, additional, Ullah, Zia, additional, Tauseef, Isfahan, additional, and Naveed, Muhammad, additional

Published
2023
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19. Isolation and Characterization of a Cholesterol-Lowering Bacteria from Bubalus bubalis Raw Milk

Author

Hameed, Abdul, primary, Condò, Carla, additional, Tauseef, Isfahan, additional, Idrees, Maryam, additional, Ghazanfar, Shakira, additional, Farid, Arshad, additional, Muzammal, Muhammad, additional, Al Mohaini, Mohammed, additional, Alsalman, Abdulkhaliq J., additional, Al Hawaj, Maitham A., additional, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, additional, Dauda, Wadzani Palnam, additional, Hameed, Yasir, additional, Alhashem, Yousef N., additional, and Alanazi, Abeer A., additional

Published
2022
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28. In‐vivo toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of Paeonia emodi‐mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles: In‐vitro study.

Author

Shah, Amreen, Tauseef, Isfahan, Yameen, Muhammad Arfat, Haleem, Syed Kashif, Haq, Sirajul, and Shoukat, Sabeena

Abstract

This study was planned to explore the in‐vitro and in‐vivo therapeutic significance of Paeonia emodi‐mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The texture parameters were derived from nitrogen adsorption–desorption data using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) methods, and the surface area (SBET) was found to be 214 m2/g with a pore size of 2.3 nm. The crystallographic parameters were investigated through X‐ray diffraction analysis, and the calculated crystallite size is 29.13 nm. The microstructure was examined through transmission and scanning electron microscopies (TEM and SEM, respectively), and the average particle size estimated from a TEM image is 44.40 nm. The chemical composition and attached function groups were identified through energy‐dispersive X‐ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. The in‐vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for both bacterial species results was found less than 2 μg/ml. The tolerance limit of mouse models was evaluated by the inoculation of different concentrations of ZnO suspension where the concentration above 23 ppm was proved lethal. The maximum infection was caused in mouse models by inoculation of 3 × 107 CFUs (Colony forming unit) of the both bacterial species. The concentration higher than 3 × 107 CFUs led to the ultimate death of the mice. The histopathological and hematological studies reveal that the after simultaneous inoculation of both ZnO NPs and bacterial suspensions (tolerated amount), no/negligible infection was found in the mice model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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29. Catalytic Efficiency of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans for Bioleaching Copper from Chalcocite Containing Sulfide Ore from Reko Diq Deposits

Author

Furqan, Muhammad Ali, primary, Farooq, Uzma, additional, Liaquat, Rabia, additional, Alghamdi, Huda, additional, Ahmad, Bashir, additional, Qureshi, Zahid, additional, Jamal, Asif, additional, Tauseef, Isfahan, additional, Haleem, Syed, additional, Ullah, Inayat, additional, and Ali, Muhammad, additional

Published
2020
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43. PGPRs of plum ( Prunus domestica ) rhizosphere enhance plant growth and antagonise fungal activity in vitro.

Author

Ali, Izhar, Sultan, Tariq, Subhan, Fazli, Haleem, Kashif Syed, Sultana, Nighat, and Tauseef, Isfahan

Subjects
PLUM, RHIZOSPHERE, PLANT growth, FUNGAL diseases of plants, IN vitro studies
Abstract

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) promote the plant growth by various direct and indirect mechanisms. The present study was undertaken to isolate and characterise the PGPRs of plum (Prunus domestica) rhizosphere in Pakistan. A total of 95 rhizobacteria were isolated, out of which 40 strains were selected on the basis of morphological, biochemical and Gram staining characteristics. The selected isolates were screened forin vitroplant growth promoting potential and were subsequently evaluated for host plant growth promotion. The selected isolates demonstrated strong lytic enzymatic activities and were able to produce ammonia, siderophore, Hydrogen cyanide along with capability of phosphate solubilisation. Moreover, the results showed a significant growth suppression of pathogenicFusarium oxysporumandRhizoctonia solaniin anin vitroassay. The plant microbe interaction study was carried out using 11 most efficient rhizobacterial strains inoculated to roots of plum plants. The inoculated PGPRs significantly augmented the leaves number per shoot, shoot diameter, shoot length and plant height. The inoculation also significantly increased the chlorophyll contents of leaves, concentration of micro and macro nutrients compared with control. The current study shows the importance of these selected PGPRs as bio-fertilizer to improve the health and productivity of plum species in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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46. Isolation, identification, and pathological effects of beach sand bacterial extract on human skin keratinocytes in vitro.

Author

Subhan, Fazli, Shahzad, Raheem, Tauseef, Isfahan, Haleem, Kashif Syed, Rehman, Atta-Ur, Mahmood, Sajid, and In-Jung Lee

Subjects
PATHOLOGY, KERATINOCYTES, BEACHES, MICROORGANISMS, PSEUDOMONAS stutzeri
Abstract

Background. Beaches are recreational spots for people. However, beach sand contains harmful microbes that affect human health, and there are no established methods for either sampling and identifying beach-borne pathogens or managing the quality of beach sand. Method. This study was conducted with the aim of improving human safety at beaches and augmenting the quality of the beach experience. Beach sand was used as a resource to isolate bacteria due to its distinctive features and the biodiversity of the beach sand biota. A selected bacterial isolate termed FSRS was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri using 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, and the sequence was deposited in the NCBI GenBank database under the accession number MF599548. The isolated P. stutzeri bacterium was cultured in Luria-Bertani growth medium, and a crude extract was prepared using ethyl acetate to examine the potential pathogenic effect of P. stutzeri on human skin. A human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) was used to assess cell adhesion, cell viability, and cell proliferation using a morphological analysis and a WST- 1 assay. Result. The crude P. stutzeri extract inhibited cell adhesion and decreased cell viability in HaCaT cells. We concluded that the crude extract of P. stutzeri FSRS had a strong pathological effect on human skin cells. Discussion. Beach visitors frequently get skin infections, but the exact cause of the infections is yet to be determined. The beach sand bacterium P. stutzeri may, therefore, be responsible for some of the dermatological problems experienced by people visiting the beach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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48. Influence of the combination and phase variation status of the haemoglobin receptors HmbR and HpuAB on meningococcal virulence

Author

Tauseef, Isfahan, primary, Harrison, Odile B., additional, Wooldridge, Karl G., additional, Feavers, Ian M., additional, Neal, Keith R., additional, Gray, Stephen J., additional, Kriz, Paula, additional, Turner, David P. J., additional, Ala’Aldeen, Dlawer A. A., additional, Maiden, Martin C. J., additional, Bayliss, Christopher D., additional, and Shaw, J. G., additional

Published
2011
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49. A review on recent advances and applications of fish collagen.

Author

Subhan, Fazli, Hussain, Zohaib, Tauseef, Isfahan, Shehzad, Adeeb, and Wahid, Fazli

Subjects
COLLAGEN, EXTRACELLULAR matrix proteins, CYTOSKELETAL proteins, FISH meal, FISHERY resources, CONNECTIVE tissues, FISH anatomy
Abstract

During the processing of the fishery resources, the significant portion is either discarded or used to produce low-value fish meal and oil. However, the discarded portion is the rich source of valuable proteins such as collagen, vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive compounds. Collagen is a vital protein in the living body as a component of a fibrous structural protein in the extracellular matrix, connective tissue and building block of bones, tendons, skin, hair, nails, cartilage and joints. In recent years, the use of fish collagen as an increasingly valuable biomaterial has drawn considerable attention from biomedical researchers, owing to its enhanced physicochemical properties, stability and mechanical strength, biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review focuses on summarizing the growing role of fish collagen for biomedical applications. Similarly, the recent advances in various biomedical applications of fish collagen, including wound healing, tissue engineering and regeneration, drug delivery, cell culture and other therapeutic applications, are discussed in detail. These applications signify the commercial importance of fish collagen for the fishing industry, food processors and biomedical sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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50. A PCR-RFLP based protocol for the detection of hepatitis B virus variants in some lamivudine-untreated chronic hepatitis B virus carriers in Pakistan.

Author

Tauseef, Isfahan, Iqbal, Furhan, Rehman, Wajid, Ali, Muhammad, Qureshi, Javed Anver, and Aslam, Muhammad Assad

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects more than 350 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Pakistan. Lamivudine has potential to inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication but long term lamivudine treatment results in mutations in YMDD region of HBV, making this therapy ineffective. In this study, we have optimized a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) based protocol to detect two mutations in HBV DNA polymerase gene (at codon 528 and 552) in chronic hepatitis patients, without any prior lamivudine treatment. HBV genome was extracted and tested by PCR-RFLP for detection of mutations in polymerase gene. Variations in HBV genome were not detected in enrolled patients confirming that lamivudine can be used to treat chronic Hepatitis B in these patients. Several studies have reported the natural occurrence of mutation in YMDD motif of polymerase gene in chronic hepatitis B patients, not treated with lamivudine, but these mutants were not detected in Pakistani lamivudine-untreated chronic hepatitis B patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

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