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1. Safety, uptake, and use of a dapivirine vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention in African women (HOPE): an open-label, extension study

Author

Aanyu, Dorothy, Abima, John, Abullarade, Janne, Agarwal, Priyanka, Ahluwalia, Surabhi, Akasiima, Simon Africa, Akello, Carolyne Agwau, Albert, Samuel, Alphale, Motsamai, Alphonse, Calins, Apeduno, Lucy, Aranda, Sara, Aridor, Orly, Arnolds, Shakeera, Asiimwe, Prossy, Atujuna, Millicent, Atwebembere, Didas, Baboolall, Lakshmi, Badana, Kiran, Baeten, Jared M., Balamusani, David, Balán, Iván C., Banda, Gabriel, Banda, Towera Whitney, Baugh, Jennifer, Baziira, James Amos, Beamer, May, Bebeza, Sivuyisiwe Asanda, Bekker, Linda-Gail, Bell, Ian, Bemer, Meagan, Berman, Richard, Berthiaume, Jennifer, Bezak, Linda, Bhagwandin, Yashveer, Bhayat, Hassen Anwar, Bhengu, Nokulunga, Bhengu, Sonto, Bhoola, Aruna, Biira, Florence Asiimwe, Bittoni, Daniel, Black, Roberta, Blose, Nombuso Jacqueline, Boks, Pearl, Bolton, Stephen Gordon, Botya, Phathiswa, Brown, Amanda, Brown, Elizabeth, Brown, Helen, Bruce, Robyn Helen, Bukenya, Luke Erismus, Bukirwa, Aidah, Bunge, Katherine, Bunts, Lisa, Buthelezi, Fezile, Buthelezi, Mbongeleni William, Buthelezi, Samkelisiwe Dumisile, Byogero, Rose, Byroo, Samiksha, Byuma, Robert, Carstens, Johanna Albertha, Carter, Allison, Cassim, Nazneen, Cebekhulu, Busisiwe, Cele, Bongekile, Cele, Dolly Judith, Cele, Phindile, Cele, Simangele, Cele, Sithabile, Chadza, Mary, Chakhtoura, Nahida, Chapdu, Claire, Chareka, Gift Tafadzwa, Chasakara, Charles, Chatani-Gada, Manju, Chetty, Diana, Chidanyika, Mary, Chifambi, Tafadzwa Tariro Lisa, Chihota, Emelder, Chikono, Sungano, Chikonyora, Anesu, Chikukwa, Brett Dzidzai, Chin, Craig, Chindevu, Mary, Chinula, Lameck, Chinyanda, Tendai Blessing, Chirenda, Thandiwe Hilda, Chirenje, Zvavahera Mike, Chirisa, Chiedza, Chisale, Patience, Chishanga, Angela, Chitambo, Tobias, Chitema, Fred, Chithila, Flora, Chitowa, Tinei Helen, Chitsinde, Catherine, Chitsulo, Gladys, Chitukuta, Miria, Chiveso, Spiwe, Chome, Nelecy, Chonco, Phumelele Fortune, Christopher, Emily, Chunderduri, Kerusha, Cibi, Vutomi, Cleland, Naana, Coba, Thobeka, Cobbing, Mandy Rae, Collins, Clare, Comer, Kim, Cozzi, Shameen, Crida, Danielle, Dadabhai, Sufia, Daki, Thembakazi, Danster, Nwabisa, Dassaye, Reshmi, David, Renita, Davis, Jontraye M., Dawood, Sumaya, Deb, Pallabi, Degnam, Leslie, Derrick, Tiffany Sharron, Devlin, Bríd Teresa, Dezzutti, Charlene, Dhlakama, Patricia Mae, Dias, Lorna, Dimairo, Jean Chivoniso, Dinnie, Elaine, Dlabanta, Avile, Dladla, Msizi, Dladla, Thandeka Immaculate, Dlungele, Andile Princess, Dolezal, Curtis, Donaty, Kristine, Dott, Clare, Dubbs, Jenna, Dubula-Majola, Vuyiseka, Dukwe, Pamella, Duma, Cebo Ivan, Duma, Portia Ignatia Makhosazana, Duma, Promise, Duncan, Vimbai Kudzanai, Duran, Luis, Dyabeni, Lindelwa, Edwards, Andrew, Etikala, Radhika, Etima, Juliane, Fairlie, Lee, Fischer, Henry, Fitzpatrick, Jacqueline, Fleurs, Llewellyn, Fowler, Mary Glenn, Freeman, Lester, Gaffoor, Zakir, Gama, Lizzy, Garcia, Morgan, Garg, Anita, Gatsi, Vanesa Margret, Gcwensa, Clifford, Gebashe, Emmanuel Lwandile, Geduld, Samantha, Gelant, Jennipher, Germuga, Donna, Ggita, Joseph, Giguere, Rebecca, Godo, Lucy, Goetz, B. Jay, Gogo, Litha, Goliati, Esther, Gondwe, Daniel Kondwani, Gordon, Kelley C., Goreraza, Rodney, Gounden, Jayandree, Govender, Dhevium, Govender, Justin Sivalingum, Govender, Nerusha, Govender, Subramonien, Govender, Vaneshree, Gqwara, Nonkululeko Nosipho, Gravelle, Anisa (Tracy), Guga, Phindile, Guma, Victor, Gumede, Delisile Zilungile, Gumede, Sibusiso, Gumede, Thembelihle, Gumede, Thobeka Winifred, Gundani, Orgrah, Gunnam, Ravi, Gupta, Rahul, Gwande, Mirriam, Gxako, Xolani, Hall, Kim, Hall, Wayne, Hargrave, Perry, Harkoo, Ishana, Harrell, Tanya, Heaps, Amy L., Hendricks, Simone Lara, Hendrix, Craig W., Hlabisa, Bongeka, Hlabisa, Lungile Bongeka, Hlahla, Kudzai, Hlela, Thulebona Martin, Hobongwana, Thandiwe, Horn, Eva, Howard, Ridley, Huang, Haixiao, Hunidzairia, Portia, Hurbans, Nivriti, Husnik, Marla, Hwehwe, Tendai Doreen, Imamdin, Rabia, Ismail, Amina, Jacobs, Ebrahiema, Jacobson, Cindy, Jacques, Ashleigh Catherine, Jamabya, Jane, James, Grace, Janse van Rensburg, Karla, Jaya, Ziningi Nobuhle, Jeenarain, Nitesha, Jennings, Lauren, Jiang, Haoping, Jiang, Ning, Jiao, Yuqing, Jijana, Nwabisa Laurianne, Jokoniya, Godfrey, Jones, Judith, Kabasonga, Mildred, Kabenge, Daniel Kizza, Kabwigu, Samuel, Kachale, Evans, Kachenjera, Lonely, Kachingamire, Fiona, Kachipapa, Emma, Kadiwa, Mary, Kadyamusuma, McLoddy, Kafufu, Bosco, Kagwa, Mary Mukasa, Kajura-Manyindo, Clare, Kakayi, Brenda Catherine, Kaliwo, Victoria, Kalonji, Dishiki Jenny, Kamanga, Nyasha Elizabeth, Kamira, Betty, Kampangire, Zerif, Kamwana, Getrude, Kamya, Justine, Kapa, La-Donna, Karugaba, Patrick, Kasambara, Khumbo, Kassim, Priya, Kassim, Sheetal, Katana, Milly, Katongole, Francis, Katongole, Sulaiman, Katsis, Alexis, Katumbi, Chaplain, Katz, Ariana W.K., Kawanje, Edmore, Kawuma, Caroline Nassozi, Kayongo, Sowedi, Kekana, Emily, Kemigisha, Doreen, Khanyile, Siphosihle, Khanyisile, Nombuso Happiness, Khaya, Babalwa, Khiya, Noluthando, Khoza, Norah Ntombikayise, Khumalo, Thembisile, Khwela, Christina, Khwela, Zamo, Kibiribiri, Edith, Kibirige, Ismael, Kiiza, Beatrice, Kikonyogo, Florence Sempa, Kin, Melissa, Kirkwood, Catherine, Kistnasami, Girisha, Kiweewa, Flavia Matovu, Kiweewa, Max, Konatham, Deepika, Kubheka, Lungile, Kufakunesu, Terrence, Kumwenda, Phaleda, Kumwenda, Wiza Wisdom Isaac, Kush, Maura, Kutner, Bryan A., Kwatsha, Ntomboxolo, Kwedza, Rosper, Kyomukama, Erinah, Lands, Debra, Langa, Phumelele Nokuthula, Lebeta, Kalkidan, Lentz, Cody, Leremi, Brendley Tebogo, Leszczewski, Michelle, Levy, Lisa, Livant, Edward, Livant, Ted, Lukas, Irene, Mabanga, Lungile Pearl, Mabaso, Nomusa, Machisa, Vimbainashe, Maddox, Toni M., Madlala, Bernadette, Magobiane, Nocwaka, Magolela, Melda, Maguramhinga, Fungai, Magwaza, Phumzile Desiree, Maharaj, Keshnee, Mahed, Ferial, Mahlase, Tankiso Vuyiswa, Maila, Moshukutjoane Lebogang, Makala, Yvonne, Makamure, Patrick, Makanani, Bonus, Makgoka, Kgabo Phineas, Makhamba, Pamela, Makhanya, Nompumelelo, Makondo, Rulani, Makoni, Rujeko, Makooka, Henry, Makunganya, Jennie, Makwenda, Sibongile, Malan, Gakiema, Malemia, Agnes, Malherbe, Mariette, Malunga, Faith, Mamba Nhassengo, Temantfulini, Mampa, Mogau, Mamvura, Tendai Karen, Manengamambo, Elmah, Mangove, Loreen Zandile, Mangxilana, Nomvuyo Thelma, Manjera, Tsungai Patience, Mans, Winifred Elizabeth, Mansoor, Leila, Maoko, Memory, Mapfunde, Annie, Maphumulo, Nonhlanhla Yvonne, Martinson, Francis E.A., Maruwo, Abel, Marx, Emmerentia Yvonne, Marzinke, Mark A., Masango, Moira, Mashego, Mmathabo Nnana, Mashinini, Gwendoline Thotele Refilwe, Masuko, Shingirayi Irene, Matambanadzo, Kudzai Viviana, Mathebula, Florence Tintswalo, Mathipa, Matheus, Matsa, Jacob Munyaradzi, Matta, Eleanor Agnes, Matubu, Allen Taguma, Mavundla, Ayanda Comfort, Mavundla, Sandile, Mawindo, Billy, Mayani, Josiah, Mayanja, Emmanuel, Mayekiso, Nombongo, Mayisela, Nonkululeko Precious, Mayo, Ashley J., Mbabali, Mary Speciosa, Mbanjwa, Nonhlakanipho Masibonge Gciniwe, Mbatha, Constance Seanokeng, Mbatha, Nomcedo Janice, Mbewe, Dorica, Mbichila, Tinkhani, Mbilizi, Yamikani Rose, Mbokazi, Sithokoza, Mbwerera, Mwandifitsa, Mchunu, Zethu, McKinstry, Laura, Mdlongwa, Bongiwe, Mellors, John W., Meyiwa, Sihle Perfect, Mgodi, Nyaradzo Mavis, Mhizha, Erasmus Samuel, Mhlanga, Felix, Mhlanga, Nomsa Sibongile, Mirembe, Brenda Gail, Mirembe, Dorothy, Mkandawire, Fumbani, Mkhabela, Ntombizethu Hazel, Mkhize, Baningi, Mkhize, Princess Hlengiwe, Mkhize, Zaba, Mlangeni, Elizabeth Gugu, Mlingo, Margaret, Mngqebisa, Bukiwe, Mngxekeza, Noluxolo, Mninzi, Anele, Mnqonywa, Nonzwakazi, Mogkoro, Mammekwa, Mogodiri, Thembisile Wilmah, Mohuba, Rebone Frengelina, Mokoena, Maseponki Cecilia, Mona, Noxolo, Montoya, Deidra, Monyethabeng, Willie, Moodley, Jayajothi, Moodley, Jeeva, Moodley, Kerushini, Moonsamy, Suri, Morar, Neetha Shagan, Morudu, Sophie Nomsa, Mpekula, Angela, Mphisa, Gerald Thsepo, Mpofu, Jayne, Mposula, Hlengiwe Theodora, Mqadi, Avril, Msiska, Emmie, Msumba, Lusungu, Mtambo, Nana, Mthalane, Emmanuel Sinothi, Mthembu, Thabisile Susan, Mthethi, Zanoxolo, Mthethwa, Magdeline Judith, Mthethwa, Ntokozo Zabathethwa, Mthimkhulu, Sicelo Samuel, Mtlokoa, Itsepheng, Mubiru, Michael Charles, Mudavanhu, Mary, Mufumisi, Anna Zvirevo, Mugagga, Agnes Mary, Muganga, Joanita, Mugava, Michelle, Mugenyi, Margaret, Mugocha, Caroline, Mugodhi, Faith, Mugwagwa, Norma, Muhlanga, Felix Godwin Sivhukile, Mukaka, Shorai, Mukasa, Dick, Mukasa, Restituta, Mukatipa, Mathews, Mukova, Shedina, Mulebeke, Sarah, Mulima, Joyce, Muller, Julio, Mulumba, Faith, Mupamombe, Tsitsi, Murandu, Constance, Murefu, Tarisai, Murewa, Fungai, Muringayi, Kudakwashe, Murombedzi, Caroline, Musara, Petina, Musisi, Jane Nsubuga, Musisi, Mary Maria, Musoke, Philippa, Mutebo, Joseph, Mutero, Prisca, Mutiti, Kudzai Santana, Mutizira, Shadreck, Mutsvunguma, Sharon, Muungani, Netsai, Muvunzi, Tariro, Muwawu, Rosemary, Mvelase, Samkelisiwe, Mvinjelwa, Priscilla Pamela, Mvuyane, Goodness Zoh, Mwafulirwa, Liness, Mwagomba, Pokiwe, Mwakhwawa, Thoko Gift, Mwebaza, Deborah, Mwenda, Wezi Longwe, Myeni, Nqobile, Mzolo, Angeline Doreen Nonhlanhla, Nabatanzi, Regina Bukenya, Nabisere, Joselyne, Nabukeera, Josephine, Nagawa, Christine Valerie, Naicker, Cherise, Naicker, Kumari, Naicker, Vimla, Naidoo, Ishana, Naidoo, Jason, Naidoo, Jayganthie, Naidoo, Kalendri, Naidoo, Logashvari, Naidoo, Renissa, Naidoo, Sandy, Naidu, Nalini, Nair, Gonasagrie Lulu, Nakabiito, Clemensia, Nakacwa, Susan, Nakakande, Joyce Gladys, Nakalega, Rita, Nakalema, Maria Gorreti, Nakibuka, Jesca, Nakyanzi, Teopista, Nakyeyune, Justine, Nalusiba, Stella, Namakula, Rhoda, Namalueso, Felix, Namayanja, Paula Mubiru, Nampala, Christine Tapuwa, Nampiira, Suzan Nkalubo, Namuddu, Agnes, Nandundu, Norah, Nansamba, Winnie, Nanyonga, Stella, Nanziri, Sophie Clare, Nassoma, Zainab Nakivumbi, Ncube, Duduzile Ethel, Ncube, Eva, Ncube, Sithabile, Ndadziyira, Pepukayi, Ndamase, Pamella Pumla, Nderecha, Walter Seth Taurayi, Ndhlovu-Forde, Zanele, Ndimande, Thembelihle Cynthia, Ndlovu, Bukekile, Ndlovu, Grecenia, Ndlovu, James, Ndlovu, Nontokozo Happiness, Ndlovu, Thakisile Nontokozo, Ndlovu, Zodwa, Ndovie, Margret, Nel, Annalene, Nemasango, Beauty, Neradilek, Blazej, Ngani, Susan, Ngcebethsha, Nokwanda Queeneth, Ngcobela, Lizbon, Ngcobo, Nolwazi, Ngcobo, Nompumelelo, Ngcobo, Sindisiwe Promise, Ngcukana, Nidleka, Ngo, Julie, Ngqabe, Nontshukumo, Ngqame, Siyabonga, Ngubane, Mduduzi Dawood, Ngure, Kenneth, Ngwenya, Nancy Nokuthula, Nhkoma, Mugowe, Nhlapho, Bongiwe Ntombizodwa, Nhleko, Sibusiso, Nkwanyana, Hlengiwe, Noble, Heather, Nobula, Lumka Lucia, Nolan, Monica, Nompondwana, Mluleki, Notshokovu, Busiwe, Ntanzi, Vukani Sandile, Nursaye, Nishi, Nutall, Jeremy Peter, Nyabadza, Omega, Nyaka, Evelesi, Nyakudya, Sandra, Nyakura, Envioletta Chiedza, Nyamadzawo, Shingayi, Nyamuzihwa, Tsitsi, Nyanzi, Zubayiri, Nyathi, Angel Tinny, Nyirenda, Fadire, Nyirenda, Makandwe, Nyirenda, Mary, Nzama, Sinqobile Charity, Nzuza, Lamec Sbongisomi, O'Byrne, Bhavesha, Okello, Fabian, Okumu, Eunice, Oluka, Emmanuel, Onen, Francis, Onyango, Carolyne Peris, Ostbye, Katherine, Padayachee, Kerusha, Palanee-Phillips, Thesla, Palichina, Victor, Pan, Zhenyu, Pappajohn, Colin, Paramanund, Levanya, Parikh, Urvi M., Patterson, Karen, Pearce, Nazmie, Peda, Melissa, Penrose, Kerri J., Phahlamohlaka, Bathandekile Molly, Phidane, Nokulunga Ruth, Pillay, Omisha, Premrajh, Anamika, Prosad, Nikita, Rabe, Lorna, Rajman, Alishka, Ramjee, Gita, Rampai, Keneoe Maphuti, Rampyapedi, Hlalifi Sylvia, Randhawa, April, Rasmeni, Sabelo, Rausch, Dianne, Reddy, Avanita, Reddy, Isayum, Reddy, Jerusha, Reddy, Krishnaveni, Rees, Vera Helen, Repetto, Andrea, Richards, Cheryl, Riddler, Sharon, Rini, Nobubele, Roeber, Brendon, Rohan, Lisa, Romer, Zachary, Rose, Matthew, Rosenberg, Zeda Fran, Rossi, Lisa, Ruch, Aviva, Rullo, Christine, Runeyi, Sinazo, Rupemba, Olivia, Rushwaya, Chenai, Russell, Marisa, Ruzive, Patience Sharai, Rwanzogyera, Godfrey, Saava, Margaret Nakato, Sagela, Tshepo Jimmy, Sakwa, Rebecca, Sayed, Fathima, Scheckter, Rachel, Schille, Jennifer, Scotch, Nokwayintombi, Scott, William, Scoville, Caitlin, Sebagala, Richard, Sebastian, Elaine, Sedze, Natasha Tina, Seedat, Nasreen Hoosen, Semakula, Joseph, Senn, Teri, Serugo, Francis, Seyama, Linly, Shabalala, Bhekanani Khumulani, Shangase, Charlotte Phumzile, Shanhinga, Pamela Caroline, Shaver, Jeremy, Shen, Hanjie, Shogole, Mogobalale Corlett, Shonhiwa, Rachel, Shozi, Claudia, Sibanda, Marvelous, Sibeko, Sylvia Sibongile, Sibisi, Ncamisile Teressa, Sibisi, Samuel Siphelele, Sibiya, Brighty Zweni, Sibiya, Happiness, Sichali, Dorothy, Sikosana, Phumzile Yvonne, Silva, Craig, Simelane, Ayanda Purity, Simon, Melissa, Sing, Triesha, Singh, Devika, Singh, Nishanta, Sithole, Hailey Virginia, Sitima, Edith, Siva, Samantha, Siyasiya, Alex, Sizane, Vuyane, Siziba, Bekezela, Slezinger, Edward, Smolinski, Daria, Snapinn, Katie, Sogoni, Olwethu, Soko, Dean, Solai, Leonard Nichiren, Somga, Mandiphumle, Song, Mei, Song, Xiaoling, Soobryan, Devarani, Soto-Torres, Lydia, Spence, Patrick Lawrence, Spooner, Elizabeth, Sseguya, Vincent, Ssentongo, Augustine, Ssenyonga, Mark, Sseremba, Lawrence Lollian, Stais, Michael, Steytler, John, Stockton, Sharon, Stofel, Julie, Stuurman, Tinyiko Reginah, Sukazi, Sizakele, Sukdao, Jasmin Lynn, Swarna, Kranthi, Szydlo, Daniel, Tagliaferri Rael, Christine, Taguta, Dorothy Rumbidzai, Taha, Taha, Tahuringana, Eunice, Tamale, Joshua, Tambama, Penelope, Taulo, Edna, Taulo, Frank, Tauya, Thelma Tonderai, Tegha, Gerald, Tembe, Sindisiwe Lucia, Tembo, Tchangani, Thatelo, Constance Lebo, Thobela, Pinky Mery, Thom, Annie, Thompson, Christine, Thompson, Monica, Thusi, Linda, Tock, Lauri, Tofile, Thandokazi, Torjesen, Kristine, Tranfaglia, Carol, Tseng, Jenny, Tshabalala, Themba, Tshongoyi, Nomvuselelo, Tsidya, Mercy, Tsikiwa, Wendy Rufaro, Tuswa-Haynes, NoCamagu, Tutshana, Bomkazi Onini, Twala, Andile Premrose, Udith, Ashvir Viren, Unten, Christine, van der Straten, Ariane, van Niekerk, Neliette, Varela, Amanda, Vatsha, Nangamso, Vijayendran, Gayathri, Vuma, Amukelani California, Wabwire, Deo Ogema, Walani, Madalo, Wanda, Bhekisisa, Wasberg, Lisa, White, Rhonda R., Windle, Kathleen Marie, Woeber, Kubashni, Wright, Danica, Wright, Tiffanee, Xaba, Thembalethu Nontokozo, Yambira, Makanaka Jean Savie, Yola, Ntando, Zaca, Sindisiwe Lydia, Zalwango, Aisha, Zemanek, Jullian, Zimba, Chifundo, Zinyengere, Tsitsi, Zinyongo, Margaret, Zondi, Thabile Goodness, Zou, Chun, Zuma, Jabulisile, Zungu, Nokuthula Princess, Zungu, Nompumelelo, Baeten, Jared M, Mgodi, Nyaradzo M, Mayo, Ashley J, Szydlo, Daniel W, Gati Mirembe, Brenda, Hunidzarira, Portia, Mansoor, Leila E, Nair, Gonasagrie, Parikh, Urvi M, Mellors, John W, Balán, Iván C, Hendrix, Craig W, Chirenje, Zvavahera M, Taha, Taha E, Rosenberg, Zeda, Soto-Torres, Lydia E, Hillier, Sharon L, and Brown, Elizabeth R

Published
2021
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3. Influences on willingness to use vaginal or oral HIV PrEP during pregnancy and breastfeeding in Africa: the multisite MAMMA study

Author

van der Straten, Ariane, Ryan, Julia H., Reddy, Krishnaveni, Etima, Juliane, Taulo, Frank, Mutero, Prisca, Taylor, Jamilah, Piper, Jeanna, and Musara, Petina

Subjects
Infants, Child development, Health care industry, HIV, Pregnancy, HIV carriers discrimination, Pregnant women, Breast feeding, Health care industry, Health, Research Triangle Institute
Abstract

Introduction: Women in sub-Saharan Africa spend a substantial portion of their reproductive lives pregnant and/or breastfeeding (P/BF), yet they have limited options to prevent HIV during these maternal stages. In preparation for phase 3b prevention trials in P/BF women, we explored attitudes about using a vaginal ring or oral pills for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), perceptions of HIV risk during P/BF and key influences on future PrEP use. Methods: In 2018, we conducted 16 single-sex focus group discussions (FGDs) with community- and clinic-recruited HIV-uninfected women, currently or recently P/BF, aged 18 to 40, and men with (currently or recently) P/BF partners, aged 18+. Participants completed a behavioural questionnaire, viewed an educational video and handled prototype placebo products. FGDs were conducted in local languages and transcribed, coded and analysed, using a socio-ecological framework, for key influences on willingness to use products, HIV risk perceptions and opinions on product attributes. Results: Of the 128 participants (65 women, 63 men) 75% lived with their partner and 84% had a child. Women reported the most important influencers when P/BF were partners, and all stated that health decisions when P/BF are typically made jointly (e.g. medication use; ante/postnatal and baby care). There was consensus that P/BF women are at high risk for HIV, primarily because of their partner's infidelities, and new prevention options were welcomed. Participants valued multiple options and stated that woman's personal preference would be key to product choice. Anticipated concerns about products included risk of miscarriage, impact on infant development, complications during delivery and adequate production or taste of breastmilk. Specific perceived disadvantages emerged for the ring (e.g. vaginal discomfort, difficulty inserting/removing) and for pills (e.g. nausea/vomiting) that may be exacerbated during pregnancy. Health care providers' (HCPs) knowledge and approval of product use during P/BF was needed to mitigate anticipated fears. Conclusions: Participants perceived pregnancy and breastfeeding as high HIV risk periods and valued new prevention options. HIV protection of the mother-child dyad, safety of the baby, and ultimately, health of the family were paramount. Endorsement by HCPs and support from partners were key to future product acceptance. Participants recommended involving partners and HCPs in sensitization efforts for future trials. Keywords: vaginal dapivirine ring; Truvada pills; HIV; safety; stigma; socio-ecological framework; acceptability, 1 | INTRODUCTION High fertility rates in sub-Saharan Africa translate to women spending substantial time in their reproductive years (12% to 29%) either pregnant or breastfeeding [1,2]. Pregnant and/or breastfeeding [...]

Published
2020
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4. A Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Miscarriage Surgery

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Hewitt, Catherine A., Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jonathan R. B., Daniels, Jane, Merriel, Abi, Weeks, Andrew, Mhango, Chisale, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Mphasa, Colleta, Tambala, Tayamika, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Qureshi, Rahat, Ahmed, Iffat, Ismail, Humera, Oladapo, Olufemi T., Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Simon, Beatus, Ditai, James, Otim Tom, Charles, Acam, JaneFrances, Ekunait, John, Unzia, Hellen, Iyaku, Margaret, Makiika, Joshua J., Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Bar-Zeev, Sarah, Desmond, Nicola, Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Gulmezoglu, Ahmet M., and Coomarasamy, Arri

Published
2019
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5. Understanding the role of men in women's use of the vaginal ring and oral PrEP during pregnancy and breastfeeding: multi-stakeholder perspectives

Author

Musara, Petina, primary, Hartmann, Miriam, additional, Ryan, Julia H, additional, Reddy, Krishnaveni, additional, Ggita, Joseph, additional, Mutero, Prisca, additional, Macagna, Nicole, additional, Taulo, Frank, additional, Mgodi, Nyaradzo M, additional, Piper, Jeanna, additional, and van der Straten, Ariane, additional

Published
2022
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7. Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery – The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Merriel, Abi, Weeks, Andrew, Mhango, Chisale, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Mphasa, Colleta, Tambala, Tayamika, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Qureshi, Rahat, Ahmed, Iffat, Ismail, Humera, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Oladapo, Olufemi T., Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Simon, Beatus, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles Otim, Acam, Jane-Frances, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Coomarasamy, Arri

Published
2018
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8. Using patient-held records to evaluate contraceptive use in Malawi/Utilisation de dossiers tenus par les patients pour evaluer le recours aux contraceptifs au Malawi/Uso de las historias clinicas de los pacientes para evaluar el uso de anticonceptivos en Malawi

Author

Dasgupta, Aisha N.Z., Ngwalo, Ruth, Branson, Keith, Gondwe, Levie, Taulo, Frank, Ngwira, Bagrey, Zaba, Basia, and Crampin, Amelia C.

Subjects
Macro International Inc., Text messaging, Passports, Contraceptives -- Usage, Medical records, Health care industry, Family planning, Health care industry, Text messaging, Health
Abstract

Objective To investigate a method of using patient-held records to collect contraception data in Malawi, that could be used to explore contraceptive discontinuation and method switching. Methods In 2012, all 7393 women aged 15 to 49 years living in the area covered by the Karonga demographic surveillance site were offered a family planning card, which was attached to the woman's health passport--a patient-held medical record. Health-care providers were trained to use the cards to record details of contraception given to women. During the study, providers underwent refresher training sessions and received motivational text messages to improve data completeness. After one year, the family planning cards were collected for analysis. Findings Of the 7393 eligible women, 6861 (92.8%) received a family planning card and 4678 (63.3%) returned it after one year. Details of 87.3% (2725/3122) of contacts between health-care providers and the women had been recorded by health-care providers on either family planning cards or health passports. Lower-level health-care providers were more diligent at recording data on the family planning cards than higher-level providers. Conclusion The use of family planning cards was an effective way of recording details of contraception provided by family planning providers. The Involvement of health-care providers was key to the success of this approach. Data collected in this way should prove helpful in producing accurate estimates of method switching and the continuity of contraceptive use by women. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] Objectif Examiner une methode consistant a utiliser les dossiers tenus par les patients pour recueillir des donnees sur la contraception au Malawi qui pourraient permettre d'analyser les interruptions et les changements de methodes de contraception. Methodes En 2012, l'ensemble des 7393 femmes agees de 15 a 49 ans de la region couverte par le systeme de surveillance demographique de Karonga s'est vu proposer une carte de planification familiale, attachee a leur carnet de sante--un dossier medical tenu par les patients. Les professionnels de sante ont ete formes a utiliser ces cartes pour noter les renseignements sur la contraception prescrite aux femmes. Au cours de l'etude, ils ont assiste a des seances de remise a niveau et ont recu des SMS d'incitation en vue d'ameliorer l'exhaustivite des renseignements inscrits. Au bout d'un an, les cartes de planification familiale ont ete recueillies pour analyse. Resultats Sur les 7393 femmes eligibles, 6861 (92,8%) ont recu une carte de planification familiale et 4678 (63,3%) l'ont restituee au bout d'un an. Des renseignements sur 87,3% (2725/3122) des contacts entre les professionnels de sante et les femmes avalent ete consignes par les professionnels de sante sur les cartes de planification familiale ou les carnets de sante. Les professionnels de sante de niveau Inferieur etaient plus appliques a inscrire les renseignements sur les cartes de planification familiale que ceux de niveau plus eleve. Conclusion L'utilisation de cartes de planification familiale s'est revelee un moyen efficace de consigner les renseignements sur la contraception prescrite par les prestataires de services de planification familiale. L'implication des professionnels de sante etait indispensable a la reussite de cette demarche. Les donnees recueillies de cette maniere devraient permettre de faire des estimations precises des changements de methodes et de la continuite du recours aux contraceptifs par les femmes. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] Objetivo Investigar un metodo para hacer uso de las historias clinicas de los pacientes para recopilar datos sobre los anticonceptivos en Malawi, los cuales podrian utilizarse para estudiar la eliminacion de los anticonceptivos y los cambios de metodos. Metodos En 2012, se ofrecio a todas las 7.393 mujeres de entre 15 y 49 anos que vivian en la zona cubierta por los puestos de vigilancia demografica de Karonga una cartilla de planificacion familiar, que se adjuntaba a su pasaporte sanitario (la historia clinica del paciente). -Se enseno a los profesionales sanitarios a hacer uso de las historias para documentar detalles sobre los anticonceptivos administrados a las mujeres. A lo largo del estudio, los profesionales se sometieron a sesiones formativas de actualizacion y recibieron mensajes de texto motivacionales para mejorar el cumplimiento total de los datos. Despues de un ano, se recogieron las cartillas de planificacion familiar para analizarlas. Resultados De las 7.393 mujeres que cumplian los requisitos, 6.861 (92,8%) recibieron una cartilla de planificacion familiar y 4.678 (63,3%) la devolvieron al cabo de un ano. Los detalles del 87,3% (2.725/3.122) de las visitas entre los profesionales sanitarios y las mujeres fueron documentados por los primeros en las cartillas de planificacion familiar o bien en los pasaportes sanitarios. Los proveedores de atencion sanitaria de bajo rango fueron mas minuciosos a la hora de documentar los datos en las cartillas de planificacion familiar que los de alto rango. Conclusion El uso de las cartillas de planificacion familiarfue una forma efectiva de registrar los detalles de los anticonceptivos administrados por los proveedores de planificacion familiar. La implicacion de los proveedores de atencion sanitaria fue clave para el exito de este enfoque. La informacion recopilada de esta forma debera ser de ayuda a la hora de producir estimaciones rigurosas sobre si existen cambios de metodos y continuidad en el uso de anticonceptivos por parte de las mujeres., Introduction Access to contraceptive services is important, not only because of the direct effect on reproductive health, but also because contraceptive use may lead to indirect improvements in general health [...]

Published
2015
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12. Interventions to reduce preterm birth and stillbirth, and improve outcomes for babies born preterm in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review

Author

Wastnedge, Elizabeth, Waters, Donald, Murray, Sarah R, McGowan, Brian, Chipeta, Effie, Nyondo-Mipando, Alinane Linda, Gadama, Luis, Gadama, Gladys, Masamba, Martha, Malata, Monica, Taulo, Frank, Dube, Queen, Kawaza, Kondwani, Khomani, Patricia Munthali, Whyte, Sonia, Crampin, Mia, Freyne, Bridget, Norman, Jane E, and Reynolds, Rebecca M

Subjects
Pregnancy, Health Policy, Resuscitation, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Humans, Infant, Premature Birth, Female, Articles, Stillbirth, Developing Countries, Infant, Premature
Abstract

BackgroundReducing preterm birth and stillbirth and improving outcomes for babies born too soon is essential to reduce under-5 mortality globally. In the context of a rapidly evolving evidence base and issues with extrapolating efficacy data from high- to low-income settings, an assessment of the evidence for maternal and newborn interventions specific to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is required.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was done. We included all studies performed in LMICs since the Every Newborn Action Plan,1 between 2013 - 2018, which reported on interventions where the outcome assessed was reduction in preterm birth or stillbirthincidence and/or a reduction in preterm infant neonatal mortality. Evidence was categorised according to maternal or neonatal intervention groups and a narrative synthesis conducted.Findings179 studies (147 primary evidence studies and 32 systematic reviews) were identified in 82 LMICs. 81 studies reported on maternal interventions and 98 reported on neonatal interventions. Interventions in pregnant mothers which resulted in significant reductions in preterm birth and stillbirth were (i) multiple micronutrient supplementation and (ii) enhanced quality of antenatal care. Routine antenatal ultrasound in LMICs increasedidentification of fetal antenatal conditions but did not reduce stillbirth or preterm birth due to the absence of services to manage these diagnoses. Interventions in pre-term neonates which improved their survival included (i) feeding support including probiotics and (ii) thermal regulation. Improved provision of neonatal resuscitation did not improve pre-term mortality rates, highlighting the importance of post-resuscitation care. Communitymobilisation, for example through community education packages, was found to be an effective way of delivering interventions.ConclusionsEvidence supports the implementation of several low-cost interventions with the potential to deliver reductions in preterm birth and stillbirth and improve outcomes for preterm babies in LMICs. These, however, must be complemented by overall health systems strengthening to be effective. Quality improvement methodology and learning health systems approaches can provide important means of understanding and tackling implementation challenges within local contexts. Further pragmatic efficacy trials of interventions in LMICs are essential, particularly for interventions not previously tested in these contexts.

Published
2021

17. Safety, uptake, and use of a dapivirine vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention in African women (HOPE): an open-label, extension study

Author

Baeten, Jared M, primary, Palanee-Phillips, Thesla, additional, Mgodi, Nyaradzo M, additional, Mayo, Ashley J, additional, Szydlo, Daniel W, additional, Ramjee, Gita, additional, Gati Mirembe, Brenda, additional, Mhlanga, Felix, additional, Hunidzarira, Portia, additional, Mansoor, Leila E, additional, Siva, Samantha, additional, Govender, Vaneshree, additional, Makanani, Bonus, additional, Naidoo, Logashvari, additional, Singh, Nishanta, additional, Nair, Gonasagrie, additional, Chinula, Lameck, additional, Parikh, Urvi M, additional, Mellors, John W, additional, Balán, Iván C, additional, Ngure, Kenneth, additional, van der Straten, Ariane, additional, Scheckter, Rachel, additional, Garcia, Morgan, additional, Peda, Melissa, additional, Patterson, Karen, additional, Livant, Edward, additional, Bunge, Katherine, additional, Singh, Devika, additional, Jacobson, Cindy, additional, Jiao, Yuqing, additional, Hendrix, Craig W, additional, Chirenje, Zvavahera M, additional, Nakabiito, Clemensia, additional, Taha, Taha E, additional, Jones, Judith, additional, Torjesen, Kristine, additional, Nel, Annalene, additional, Rosenberg, Zeda, additional, Soto-Torres, Lydia E, additional, Hillier, Sharon L, additional, Brown, Elizabeth R, additional, Aanyu, Dorothy, additional, Abima, John, additional, Abullarade, Janne, additional, Agarwal, Priyanka, additional, Ahluwalia, Surabhi, additional, Akasiima, Simon Africa, additional, Akello, Carolyne Agwau, additional, Albert, Samuel, additional, Alphale, Motsamai, additional, Alphonse, Calins, additional, Apeduno, Lucy, additional, Aranda, Sara, additional, Aridor, Orly, additional, Arnolds, Shakeera, additional, Asiimwe, Prossy, additional, Atujuna, Millicent, additional, Atwebembere, Didas, additional, Baboolall, Lakshmi, additional, Badana, Kiran, additional, Baeten, Jared M., additional, Balamusani, David, additional, Balán, Iván C., additional, Banda, Gabriel, additional, Banda, Towera Whitney, additional, Baugh, Jennifer, additional, Baziira, James Amos, additional, Beamer, May, additional, Bebeza, Sivuyisiwe Asanda, additional, Bekker, Linda-Gail, additional, Bell, Ian, additional, Bemer, Meagan, additional, Berman, Richard, additional, Berthiaume, Jennifer, additional, Bezak, Linda, additional, Bhagwandin, Yashveer, additional, Bhayat, Hassen Anwar, additional, Bhengu, Nokulunga, additional, Bhengu, Sonto, additional, Bhoola, Aruna, additional, Biira, Florence Asiimwe, additional, Bittoni, Daniel, additional, Black, Roberta, additional, Blose, Nombuso Jacqueline, additional, Boks, Pearl, additional, Bolton, Stephen Gordon, additional, Botya, Phathiswa, additional, Brown, Amanda, additional, Brown, Elizabeth, additional, Brown, Helen, additional, Bruce, Robyn Helen, additional, Bukenya, Luke Erismus, additional, Bukirwa, Aidah, additional, Bunts, Lisa, additional, Buthelezi, Fezile, additional, Buthelezi, Mbongeleni William, additional, Buthelezi, Samkelisiwe Dumisile, additional, Byogero, Rose, additional, Byroo, Samiksha, additional, Byuma, Robert, additional, Carstens, Johanna Albertha, additional, Carter, Allison, additional, Cassim, Nazneen, additional, Cebekhulu, Busisiwe, additional, Cele, Bongekile, additional, Cele, Dolly Judith, additional, Cele, Phindile, additional, Cele, Simangele, additional, Cele, Sithabile, additional, Chadza, Mary, additional, Chakhtoura, Nahida, additional, Chapdu, Claire, additional, Chareka, Gift Tafadzwa, additional, Chasakara, Charles, additional, Chatani-Gada, Manju, additional, Chetty, Diana, additional, Chidanyika, Mary, additional, Chifambi, Tafadzwa Tariro Lisa, additional, Chihota, Emelder, additional, Chikono, Sungano, additional, Chikonyora, Anesu, additional, Chikukwa, Brett Dzidzai, additional, Chin, Craig, additional, Chindevu, Mary, additional, Chinyanda, Tendai Blessing, additional, Chirenda, Thandiwe Hilda, additional, Chirenje, Zvavahera Mike, additional, Chirisa, Chiedza, additional, Chisale, Patience, additional, Chishanga, Angela, additional, Chitambo, Tobias, additional, Chitema, Fred, additional, Chithila, Flora, additional, Chitowa, Tinei Helen, additional, Chitsinde, Catherine, additional, Chitsulo, Gladys, additional, Chitukuta, Miria, additional, Chiveso, Spiwe, additional, Chome, Nelecy, additional, Chonco, Phumelele Fortune, additional, Christopher, Emily, additional, Chunderduri, Kerusha, additional, Cibi, Vutomi, additional, Cleland, Naana, additional, Coba, Thobeka, additional, Cobbing, Mandy Rae, additional, Collins, Clare, additional, Comer, Kim, additional, Cozzi, Shameen, additional, Crida, Danielle, additional, Dadabhai, Sufia, additional, Daki, Thembakazi, additional, Danster, Nwabisa, additional, Dassaye, Reshmi, additional, David, Renita, additional, Davis, Jontraye M., additional, Dawood, Sumaya, additional, Deb, Pallabi, additional, Degnam, Leslie, additional, Derrick, Tiffany Sharron, additional, Devlin, Bríd Teresa, additional, Dezzutti, Charlene, additional, Dhlakama, Patricia Mae, additional, Dias, Lorna, additional, Dimairo, Jean Chivoniso, additional, Dinnie, Elaine, additional, Dlabanta, Avile, additional, Dladla, Msizi, additional, Dladla, Thandeka Immaculate, additional, Dlungele, Andile Princess, additional, Dolezal, Curtis, additional, Donaty, Kristine, additional, Dott, Clare, additional, Dubbs, Jenna, additional, Dubula-Majola, Vuyiseka, additional, Dukwe, Pamella, additional, Duma, Cebo Ivan, additional, Duma, Portia Ignatia Makhosazana, additional, Duma, Promise, additional, Duncan, Vimbai Kudzanai, additional, Duran, Luis, additional, Dyabeni, Lindelwa, additional, Edwards, Andrew, additional, Etikala, Radhika, additional, Etima, Juliane, additional, Fairlie, Lee, additional, Fischer, Henry, additional, Fitzpatrick, Jacqueline, additional, Fleurs, Llewellyn, additional, Fowler, Mary Glenn, additional, Freeman, Lester, additional, Gaffoor, Zakir, additional, Gama, Lizzy, additional, Garg, Anita, additional, Gatsi, Vanesa Margret, additional, Gcwensa, Clifford, additional, Gebashe, Emmanuel Lwandile, additional, Geduld, Samantha, additional, Gelant, Jennipher, additional, Germuga, Donna, additional, Ggita, Joseph, additional, Giguere, Rebecca, additional, Godo, Lucy, additional, Goetz, B. Jay, additional, Gogo, Litha, additional, Goliati, Esther, additional, Gondwe, Daniel Kondwani, additional, Gordon, Kelley C., additional, Goreraza, Rodney, additional, Gounden, Jayandree, additional, Govender, Dhevium, additional, Govender, Justin Sivalingum, additional, Govender, Nerusha, additional, Govender, Subramonien, additional, Gqwara, Nonkululeko Nosipho, additional, Gravelle, Anisa (Tracy), additional, Guga, Phindile, additional, Guma, Victor, additional, Gumede, Delisile Zilungile, additional, Gumede, Sibusiso, additional, Gumede, Thembelihle, additional, Gumede, Thobeka Winifred, additional, Gundani, Orgrah, additional, Gunnam, Ravi, additional, Gupta, Rahul, additional, Gwande, Mirriam, additional, Gxako, Xolani, additional, Hall, Kim, additional, Hall, Wayne, additional, Hargrave, Perry, additional, Harkoo, Ishana, additional, Harrell, Tanya, additional, Heaps, Amy L., additional, Hendricks, Simone Lara, additional, Hendrix, Craig W., additional, Hlabisa, Bongeka, additional, Hlabisa, Lungile Bongeka, additional, Hlahla, Kudzai, additional, Hlela, Thulebona Martin, additional, Hobongwana, Thandiwe, additional, Horn, Eva, additional, Howard, Ridley, additional, Huang, Haixiao, additional, Hunidzairia, Portia, additional, Hurbans, Nivriti, additional, Husnik, Marla, additional, Hwehwe, Tendai Doreen, additional, Imamdin, Rabia, additional, Ismail, Amina, additional, Jacobs, Ebrahiema, additional, Jacques, Ashleigh Catherine, additional, Jamabya, Jane, additional, James, Grace, additional, Janse van Rensburg, Karla, additional, Jaya, Ziningi Nobuhle, additional, Jeenarain, Nitesha, additional, Jennings, Lauren, additional, Jiang, Haoping, additional, Jiang, Ning, additional, Jijana, Nwabisa Laurianne, additional, Jokoniya, Godfrey, additional, Kabasonga, Mildred, additional, Kabenge, Daniel Kizza, additional, Kabwigu, Samuel, additional, Kachale, Evans, additional, Kachenjera, Lonely, additional, Kachingamire, Fiona, additional, Kachipapa, Emma, additional, Kadiwa, Mary, additional, Kadyamusuma, McLoddy, additional, Kafufu, Bosco, additional, Kagwa, Mary Mukasa, additional, Kajura-Manyindo, Clare, additional, Kakayi, Brenda Catherine, additional, Kaliwo, Victoria, additional, Kalonji, Dishiki Jenny, additional, Kamanga, Nyasha Elizabeth, additional, Kamira, Betty, additional, Kampangire, Zerif, additional, Kamwana, Getrude, additional, Kamya, Justine, additional, Kapa, La-Donna, additional, Karugaba, Patrick, additional, Kasambara, Khumbo, additional, Kassim, Priya, additional, Kassim, Sheetal, additional, Katana, Milly, additional, Katongole, Francis, additional, Katongole, Sulaiman, additional, Katsis, Alexis, additional, Katumbi, Chaplain, additional, Katz, Ariana W.K., additional, Kawanje, Edmore, additional, Kawuma, Caroline Nassozi, additional, Kayongo, Sowedi, additional, Kekana, Emily, additional, Kemigisha, Doreen, additional, Khanyile, Siphosihle, additional, Khanyisile, Nombuso Happiness, additional, Khaya, Babalwa, additional, Khiya, Noluthando, additional, Khoza, Norah Ntombikayise, additional, Khumalo, Thembisile, additional, Khwela, Christina, additional, Khwela, Zamo, additional, Kibiribiri, Edith, additional, Kibirige, Ismael, additional, Kiiza, Beatrice, additional, Kikonyogo, Florence Sempa, additional, Kin, Melissa, additional, Kirkwood, Catherine, additional, Kistnasami, Girisha, additional, Kiweewa, Flavia Matovu, additional, Kiweewa, Max, additional, Konatham, Deepika, additional, Kubheka, Lungile, additional, Kufakunesu, Terrence, additional, Kumwenda, Phaleda, additional, Kumwenda, Wiza Wisdom Isaac, additional, Kush, Maura, additional, Kutner, Bryan A., additional, Kwatsha, Ntomboxolo, additional, Kwedza, Rosper, additional, Kyomukama, Erinah, additional, Lands, Debra, additional, Langa, Phumelele Nokuthula, additional, Lebeta, Kalkidan, additional, Lentz, Cody, additional, Leremi, Brendley Tebogo, additional, Leszczewski, Michelle, additional, Levy, Lisa, additional, Livant, Ted, additional, Lukas, Irene, additional, Mabanga, Lungile Pearl, additional, Mabaso, Nomusa, additional, Machisa, Vimbainashe, additional, Maddox, Toni M., additional, Madlala, Bernadette, additional, Magobiane, Nocwaka, additional, Magolela, Melda, additional, Maguramhinga, Fungai, additional, Magwaza, Phumzile Desiree, additional, Maharaj, Keshnee, additional, Mahed, Ferial, additional, Mahlase, Tankiso Vuyiswa, additional, Maila, Moshukutjoane Lebogang, additional, Makala, Yvonne, additional, Makamure, Patrick, additional, Makgoka, Kgabo Phineas, additional, Makhamba, Pamela, additional, Makhanya, Nompumelelo, additional, Makondo, Rulani, additional, Makoni, Rujeko, additional, Makooka, Henry, additional, Makunganya, Jennie, additional, Makwenda, Sibongile, additional, Malan, Gakiema, additional, Malemia, Agnes, additional, Malherbe, Mariette, additional, Malunga, Faith, additional, Mamba Nhassengo, Temantfulini, additional, Mampa, Mogau, additional, Mamvura, Tendai Karen, additional, Manengamambo, Elmah, additional, Mangove, Loreen Zandile, additional, Mangxilana, Nomvuyo Thelma, additional, Manjera, Tsungai Patience, additional, Mans, Winifred Elizabeth, additional, Mansoor, Leila, additional, Maoko, Memory, additional, Mapfunde, Annie, additional, Maphumulo, Nonhlanhla Yvonne, additional, Martinson, Francis E.A., additional, Maruwo, Abel, additional, Marx, Emmerentia Yvonne, additional, Marzinke, Mark A., additional, Masango, Moira, additional, Mashego, Mmathabo Nnana, additional, Mashinini, Gwendoline Thotele Refilwe, additional, Masuko, Shingirayi Irene, additional, Matambanadzo, Kudzai Viviana, additional, Mathebula, Florence Tintswalo, additional, Mathipa, Matheus, additional, Matsa, Jacob Munyaradzi, additional, Matta, Eleanor Agnes, additional, Matubu, Allen Taguma, additional, Mavundla, Ayanda Comfort, additional, Mavundla, Sandile, additional, Mawindo, Billy, additional, Mayani, Josiah, additional, Mayanja, Emmanuel, additional, Mayekiso, Nombongo, additional, Mayisela, Nonkululeko Precious, additional, Mayo, Ashley J., additional, Mbabali, Mary Speciosa, additional, Mbanjwa, Nonhlakanipho Masibonge Gciniwe, additional, Mbatha, Constance Seanokeng, additional, Mbatha, Nomcedo Janice, additional, Mbewe, Dorica, additional, Mbichila, Tinkhani, additional, Mbilizi, Yamikani Rose, additional, Mbokazi, Sithokoza, additional, Mbwerera, Mwandifitsa, additional, Mchunu, Zethu, additional, McKinstry, Laura, additional, Mdlongwa, Bongiwe, additional, Mellors, John W., additional, Meyiwa, Sihle Perfect, additional, Mgodi, Nyaradzo Mavis, additional, Mhizha, Erasmus Samuel, additional, Mhlanga, Nomsa Sibongile, additional, Mirembe, Brenda Gail, additional, Mirembe, Dorothy, additional, Mkandawire, Fumbani, additional, Mkhabela, Ntombizethu Hazel, additional, Mkhize, Baningi, additional, Mkhize, Princess Hlengiwe, additional, Mkhize, Zaba, additional, Mlangeni, Elizabeth Gugu, additional, Mlingo, Margaret, additional, Mngqebisa, Bukiwe, additional, Mngxekeza, Noluxolo, additional, Mninzi, Anele, additional, Mnqonywa, Nonzwakazi, additional, Mogkoro, Mammekwa, additional, Mogodiri, Thembisile Wilmah, additional, Mohuba, Rebone Frengelina, additional, Mokoena, Maseponki Cecilia, additional, Mona, Noxolo, additional, Montoya, Deidra, additional, Monyethabeng, Willie, additional, Moodley, Jayajothi, additional, Moodley, Jeeva, additional, Moodley, Kerushini, additional, Moonsamy, Suri, additional, Morar, Neetha Shagan, additional, Morudu, Sophie Nomsa, additional, Mpekula, Angela, additional, Mphisa, Gerald Thsepo, additional, Mpofu, Jayne, additional, Mposula, Hlengiwe Theodora, additional, Mqadi, Avril, additional, Msiska, Emmie, additional, Msumba, Lusungu, additional, Mtambo, Nana, additional, Mthalane, Emmanuel Sinothi, additional, Mthembu, Thabisile Susan, additional, Mthethi, Zanoxolo, additional, Mthethwa, Magdeline Judith, additional, Mthethwa, Ntokozo Zabathethwa, additional, Mthimkhulu, Sicelo Samuel, additional, Mtlokoa, Itsepheng, additional, Mubiru, Michael Charles, additional, Mudavanhu, Mary, additional, Mufumisi, Anna Zvirevo, additional, Mugagga, Agnes Mary, additional, Muganga, Joanita, additional, Mugava, Michelle, additional, Mugenyi, Margaret, additional, Mugocha, Caroline, additional, Mugodhi, Faith, additional, Mugwagwa, Norma, additional, Muhlanga, Felix Godwin Sivhukile, additional, Mukaka, Shorai, additional, Mukasa, Dick, additional, Mukasa, Restituta, additional, Mukatipa, Mathews, additional, Mukova, Shedina, additional, Mulebeke, Sarah, additional, Mulima, Joyce, additional, Muller, Julio, additional, Mulumba, Faith, additional, Mupamombe, Tsitsi, additional, Murandu, Constance, additional, Murefu, Tarisai, additional, Murewa, Fungai, additional, Muringayi, Kudakwashe, additional, Murombedzi, Caroline, additional, Musara, Petina, additional, Musisi, Jane Nsubuga, additional, Musisi, Mary Maria, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Mutebo, Joseph, additional, Mutero, Prisca, additional, Mutiti, Kudzai Santana, additional, Mutizira, Shadreck, additional, Mutsvunguma, Sharon, additional, Muungani, Netsai, additional, Muvunzi, Tariro, additional, Muwawu, Rosemary, additional, Mvelase, Samkelisiwe, additional, Mvinjelwa, Priscilla Pamela, additional, Mvuyane, Goodness Zoh, additional, Mwafulirwa, Liness, additional, Mwagomba, Pokiwe, additional, Mwakhwawa, Thoko Gift, additional, Mwebaza, Deborah, additional, Mwenda, Wezi Longwe, additional, Myeni, Nqobile, additional, Mzolo, Angeline Doreen Nonhlanhla, additional, Nabatanzi, Regina Bukenya, additional, Nabisere, Joselyne, additional, Nabukeera, Josephine, additional, Nagawa, Christine Valerie, additional, Naicker, Cherise, additional, Naicker, Kumari, additional, Naicker, Vimla, additional, Naidoo, Ishana, additional, Naidoo, Jason, additional, Naidoo, Jayganthie, additional, Naidoo, Kalendri, additional, Naidoo, Renissa, additional, Naidoo, Sandy, additional, Naidu, Nalini, additional, Nair, Gonasagrie Lulu, additional, Nakacwa, Susan, additional, Nakakande, Joyce Gladys, additional, Nakalega, Rita, additional, Nakalema, Maria Gorreti, additional, Nakibuka, Jesca, additional, Nakyanzi, Teopista, additional, Nakyeyune, Justine, additional, Nalusiba, Stella, additional, Namakula, Rhoda, additional, Namalueso, Felix, additional, Namayanja, Paula Mubiru, additional, Nampala, Christine Tapuwa, additional, Nampiira, Suzan Nkalubo, additional, Namuddu, Agnes, additional, Nandundu, Norah, additional, Nansamba, Winnie, additional, Nanyonga, Stella, additional, Nanziri, Sophie Clare, additional, Nassoma, Zainab Nakivumbi, additional, Ncube, Duduzile Ethel, additional, Ncube, Eva, additional, Ncube, Sithabile, additional, Ndadziyira, Pepukayi, additional, Ndamase, Pamella Pumla, additional, Nderecha, Walter Seth Taurayi, additional, Ndhlovu-Forde, Zanele, additional, Ndimande, Thembelihle Cynthia, additional, Ndlovu, Bukekile, additional, Ndlovu, Grecenia, additional, Ndlovu, James, additional, Ndlovu, Nontokozo Happiness, additional, Ndlovu, Thakisile Nontokozo, additional, Ndlovu, Zodwa, additional, Ndovie, Margret, additional, Nemasango, Beauty, additional, Neradilek, Blazej, additional, Ngani, Susan, additional, Ngcebethsha, Nokwanda Queeneth, additional, Ngcobela, Lizbon, additional, Ngcobo, Nolwazi, additional, Ngcobo, Nompumelelo, additional, Ngcobo, Sindisiwe Promise, additional, Ngcukana, Nidleka, additional, Ngo, Julie, additional, Ngqabe, Nontshukumo, additional, Ngqame, Siyabonga, additional, Ngubane, Mduduzi Dawood, additional, Ngwenya, Nancy Nokuthula, additional, Nhkoma, Mugowe, additional, Nhlapho, Bongiwe Ntombizodwa, additional, Nhleko, Sibusiso, additional, Nkwanyana, Hlengiwe, additional, Noble, Heather, additional, Nobula, Lumka Lucia, additional, Nolan, Monica, additional, Nompondwana, Mluleki, additional, Notshokovu, Busiwe, additional, Ntanzi, Vukani Sandile, additional, Nursaye, Nishi, additional, Nutall, Jeremy Peter, additional, Nyabadza, Omega, additional, Nyaka, Evelesi, additional, Nyakudya, Sandra, additional, Nyakura, Envioletta Chiedza, additional, Nyamadzawo, Shingayi, additional, Nyamuzihwa, Tsitsi, additional, Nyanzi, Zubayiri, additional, Nyathi, Angel Tinny, additional, Nyirenda, Fadire, additional, Nyirenda, Makandwe, additional, Nyirenda, Mary, additional, Nzama, Sinqobile Charity, additional, Nzuza, Lamec Sbongisomi, additional, O'Byrne, Bhavesha, additional, Okello, Fabian, additional, Okumu, Eunice, additional, Oluka, Emmanuel, additional, Onen, Francis, additional, Onyango, Carolyne Peris, additional, Ostbye, Katherine, additional, Padayachee, Kerusha, additional, Palichina, Victor, additional, Pan, Zhenyu, additional, Pappajohn, Colin, additional, Paramanund, Levanya, additional, Parikh, Urvi M., additional, Pearce, Nazmie, additional, Penrose, Kerri J., additional, Phahlamohlaka, Bathandekile Molly, additional, Phidane, Nokulunga Ruth, additional, Pillay, Omisha, additional, Premrajh, Anamika, additional, Prosad, Nikita, additional, Rabe, Lorna, additional, Rajman, Alishka, additional, Rampai, Keneoe Maphuti, additional, Rampyapedi, Hlalifi Sylvia, additional, Randhawa, April, additional, Rasmeni, Sabelo, additional, Rausch, Dianne, additional, Reddy, Avanita, additional, Reddy, Isayum, additional, Reddy, Jerusha, additional, Reddy, Krishnaveni, additional, Rees, Vera Helen, additional, Repetto, Andrea, additional, Richards, Cheryl, additional, Riddler, Sharon, additional, Rini, Nobubele, additional, Roeber, Brendon, additional, Rohan, Lisa, additional, Romer, Zachary, additional, Rose, Matthew, additional, Rosenberg, Zeda Fran, additional, Rossi, Lisa, additional, Ruch, Aviva, additional, Rullo, Christine, additional, Runeyi, Sinazo, additional, Rupemba, Olivia, additional, Rushwaya, Chenai, additional, Russell, Marisa, additional, Ruzive, Patience Sharai, additional, Rwanzogyera, Godfrey, additional, Saava, Margaret Nakato, additional, Sagela, Tshepo Jimmy, additional, Sakwa, Rebecca, additional, Sayed, Fathima, additional, Schille, Jennifer, additional, Scotch, Nokwayintombi, additional, Scott, William, additional, Scoville, Caitlin, additional, Sebagala, Richard, additional, Sebastian, Elaine, additional, Sedze, Natasha Tina, additional, Seedat, Nasreen Hoosen, additional, Semakula, Joseph, additional, Senn, Teri, additional, Serugo, Francis, additional, Seyama, Linly, additional, Shabalala, Bhekanani Khumulani, additional, Shangase, Charlotte Phumzile, additional, Shanhinga, Pamela Caroline, additional, Shaver, Jeremy, additional, Shen, Hanjie, additional, Shogole, Mogobalale Corlett, additional, Shonhiwa, Rachel, additional, Shozi, Claudia, additional, Sibanda, Marvelous, additional, Sibeko, Sylvia Sibongile, additional, Sibisi, Ncamisile Teressa, additional, Sibisi, Samuel Siphelele, additional, Sibiya, Brighty Zweni, additional, Sibiya, Happiness, additional, Sichali, Dorothy, additional, Sikosana, Phumzile Yvonne, additional, Silva, Craig, additional, Simelane, Ayanda Purity, additional, Simon, Melissa, additional, Sing, Triesha, additional, Sithole, Hailey Virginia, additional, Sitima, Edith, additional, Siyasiya, Alex, additional, Sizane, Vuyane, additional, Siziba, Bekezela, additional, Slezinger, Edward, additional, Smolinski, Daria, additional, Snapinn, Katie, additional, Sogoni, Olwethu, additional, Soko, Dean, additional, Solai, Leonard Nichiren, additional, Somga, Mandiphumle, additional, Song, Mei, additional, Song, Xiaoling, additional, Soobryan, Devarani, additional, Soto-Torres, Lydia, additional, Spence, Patrick Lawrence, additional, Spooner, Elizabeth, additional, Sseguya, Vincent, additional, Ssentongo, Augustine, additional, Ssenyonga, Mark, additional, Sseremba, Lawrence Lollian, additional, Stais, Michael, additional, Steytler, John, additional, Stockton, Sharon, additional, Stofel, Julie, additional, Stuurman, Tinyiko Reginah, additional, Sukazi, Sizakele, additional, Sukdao, Jasmin Lynn, additional, Swarna, Kranthi, additional, Szydlo, Daniel, additional, Tagliaferri Rael, Christine, additional, Taguta, Dorothy Rumbidzai, additional, Taha, Taha, additional, Tahuringana, Eunice, additional, Tamale, Joshua, additional, Tambama, Penelope, additional, Taulo, Edna, additional, Taulo, Frank, additional, Tauya, Thelma Tonderai, additional, Tegha, Gerald, additional, Tembe, Sindisiwe Lucia, additional, Tembo, Tchangani, additional, Thatelo, Constance Lebo, additional, Thobela, Pinky Mery, additional, Thom, Annie, additional, Thompson, Christine, additional, Thompson, Monica, additional, Thusi, Linda, additional, Tock, Lauri, additional, Tofile, Thandokazi, additional, Tranfaglia, Carol, additional, Tseng, Jenny, additional, Tshabalala, Themba, additional, Tshongoyi, Nomvuselelo, additional, Tsidya, Mercy, additional, Tsikiwa, Wendy Rufaro, additional, Tuswa-Haynes, NoCamagu, additional, Tutshana, Bomkazi Onini, additional, Twala, Andile Premrose, additional, Udith, Ashvir Viren, additional, Unten, Christine, additional, van Niekerk, Neliette, additional, Varela, Amanda, additional, Vatsha, Nangamso, additional, Vijayendran, Gayathri, additional, Vuma, Amukelani California, additional, Wabwire, Deo Ogema, additional, Walani, Madalo, additional, Wanda, Bhekisisa, additional, Wasberg, Lisa, additional, White, Rhonda R., additional, Windle, Kathleen Marie, additional, Woeber, Kubashni, additional, Wright, Danica, additional, Wright, Tiffanee, additional, Xaba, Thembalethu Nontokozo, additional, Yambira, Makanaka Jean Savie, additional, Yola, Ntando, additional, Zaca, Sindisiwe Lydia, additional, Zalwango, Aisha, additional, Zemanek, Jullian, additional, Zimba, Chifundo, additional, Zinyengere, Tsitsi, additional, Zinyongo, Margaret, additional, Zondi, Thabile Goodness, additional, Zou, Chun, additional, Zuma, Jabulisile, additional, Zungu, Nokuthula Princess, additional, and Zungu, Nompumelelo, additional

Published
2021
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19. Tenofovir Diphosphate Concentrations in Dried Blood Spots From Pregnant and Postpartum Adolescent and Young Women Receiving Daily Observed Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Author

Stranix-Chibanda, Lynda, Anderson, Peter L., Kacanek, Deborah, Hosek, Sybil, Sharon Huang, Nematadzira, Teacler G., Taulo, Frank, Korutaro, Violet, Nakabiito, Clemensia, Masenya, Maysebole, Lypen, Kathryn, Brown, Emily, Ibrahim, Mustafa E., Yager, Jenna, Wiesner, Lubbe, Johnston, Benjamin, Amico, K. Rivet, Rooney, James F., Chakhtoura, Nahida, and Spiegel, Hans M. L.

Abstract

Background. Intracellular tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentration in dried blood spots (DBSs) is used to monitor cumulative pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence. We evaluated TFV-DP in DBSs following daily oral PrEP (emtricitabine 200 mg/tenofovir diphosphate 300 mg) among pregnant and postpartum adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Methods. Directly observed PrEP was administered for 12 weeks in a pregnancy (14–24 weeks’ gestation, n = 20) and postpartum (6–12 weeks postpartum, n = 20) group of AGYW aged 16–24 years in sub-Saharan Africa. Weekly DBS TFV-DP was measured by validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay. Week 12 TFV-DP distributions were compared between groups with Wilcoxon test. Population pharmacokinetic models were fit to estimate steady-state concentrations and create benchmarks for adherence categories. Baseline correlates of TFV-DP were evaluated. Results. Median age was 20 (IQR, 19–22) years. Of 3360 doses, 3352 (>99%) were directly observed. TFV-DP median (IQR) half-life was 10 (7–12) days in pregnancy and 17 (14–21) days postpartum, with steady state achieved by 5 and 8 weeks, respectively. Observed median (IQR) steady-state TFV-DP was 965 fmol/punch (691–1166) in pregnancy versus 1406 fmol/punch (1053–1859) postpartum (P = .006). Modeled median steady-state TFV-DP was 881 fmol/punch (667–1105) in pregnancy versus 1438 fmol/punch (1178–1919) postpartum. In pooled analysis, baseline creatinine clearance was associated with observed TFV-DP concentrations. Conclusions. TFV-DP in African AGYW was approximately one-third lower in pregnancy than postpartum. These Populationspecific benchmarks can be used to guide PrEP adherence support in pregnant/postpartum African women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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20. After their wives have delivered, a lot of men like going out: Perceptions of HIV transmission risk and support for HIV prevention methods during breastfeeding in sub‐Saharan Africa.

Author

Flax, Valerie L., Hawley, Imogen, Ryan, Julia, Chitukuta, Miria, Mathebula, Florence, Nakalega, Rita, Seyama, Linly, Taulo, Frank, and Straten, Ariane

Subjects
HIV infection transmission, HIV prevention, HIV infection risk factors, FOCUS groups, RESEARCH methodology, INTERVIEWING, ATTITUDES toward AIDS (Disease), SEX distribution, QUALITATIVE research, BREASTFEEDING, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, THEMATIC analysis
Abstract

Female‐initiated HIV prevention methods, such as oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the vaginal ring, may be important risk reduction strategies for breastfeeding women. Given their novelty, information about the sociocultural context and how it influences perceptions of and support for their use during breastfeeding is lacking. To address this gap, we conducted 23 focus group discussions separately with pregnant and breastfeeding women, male partners and grandmothers (N = 196) and 36 in‐depth interviews with key informants in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. We analysed the data using a framework analysis method. Overall, breastfeeding was the norm, and participants described the transference of health (e.g., nutrition) and disease (e.g., HIV) to children through breast milk. Participants considered the early breastfeeding period as one of high HIV transmission risk for women. They explained that male partners tend to seek outside sexual partners during this period because women need time to recover from delivery, women focus their attention on the child, and some men are disgusted by breast milk. Participants highlighted concerns about the drugs in oral PrEP transferring to the child through breast milk, but fewer worried about the effects of the vaginal ring because the drug is localized. Women, grandmothers and key informants were supportive of women using these HIV prevention methods during breastfeeding, while male partners had mixed opinions. These findings can be used to tailor messages for promoting the use of PrEP or the vaginal ring during breastfeeding in sub‐Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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21. Standardizing the measurement of maternal morbidity: Pilot study results

Author

Barreix, Maria, Barbour, Kelli, McCaw-Binns, Affette, Chou, Doris, Petzold, Max, Gichuhi, Gathari N, Gadama, Luis, Taulo, Frank, Tunçalp, Özge, Say, Lale, and WHO Maternal Morbidity Working Group (MMWG)

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To field test a standardized instrument to measure nonsevere morbidity among antenatal and postpartum women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jamaica, Kenya, and Malawi (2015-2016). Women presenting for antenatal care (ANC) or postpartum care (PPC) were recruited if they were at least 28 weeks into pregnancy or 6 weeks after delivery. They were interviewed and examined by a doctor, midwife, or nurse. Data were collected and securely stored electronically on a WHO server. Diagnosed conditions were coded and summarized using ICD-MM. RESULTS: A total of 1490 women (750 ANC; 740 PPC) averaging 26 years of age participated. Most women (61.6% ANC, 79.1% PPC) were healthy (no diagnosed medical or obstetric conditions). Among ANC women with clinical diagnoses, 18.3% had direct (obstetric) conditions and 18.0% indirect (medical) problems. Prevalences among PPC women were lower (12.7% and 8.6%, respectively). When screening for factors in the expanded morbidity definition, 12.8% (ANC) and 11.0% (PPC) self-reported exposure to violence. CONCLUSION: Nonsevere conditions are distinct from the leading causes of maternal death and may vary across pregnancy and the puerperium. This effort to identify and measure nonsevere morbidity promotes a comprehensive understanding of morbidity, incorporating maternal self-reporting of exposure to violence, and mental health. Further validation is needed.

Published
2018

22. A Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Miscarriage Surgery

Author

Lissauer, David, primary, Wilson, Amie, additional, Hewitt, Catherine A., additional, Middleton, Lee, additional, Bishop, Jonathan R.B., additional, Daniels, Jane, additional, Merriel, Abi, additional, Weeks, Andrew, additional, Mhango, Chisale, additional, Mataya, Ronald, additional, Taulo, Frank, additional, Ngalawesa, Theresa, additional, Chirwa, Agatha, additional, Mphasa, Colleta, additional, Tambala, Tayamika, additional, Chiudzu, Grace, additional, Mwalwanda, Caroline, additional, Mboma, Agnes, additional, Qureshi, Rahat, additional, Ahmed, Iffat, additional, Ismail, Humera, additional, Oladapo, Olufemi T., additional, Mbaruku, Godfrey, additional, Chibwana, Jerome, additional, Watts, Grace, additional, Simon, Beatus, additional, Ditai, James, additional, Otim Tom, Charles, additional, Acam, JaneFrances, additional, Ekunait, John, additional, Unzia, Hellen, additional, Iyaku, Margaret, additional, Makiika, Joshua J., additional, Zamora, Javier, additional, Roberts, Tracy, additional, Goranitis, Ilias, additional, Bar-Zeev, Sarah, additional, Desmond, Nicola, additional, Arulkumaran, Sabaratnam, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., additional, Gulmezoglu, Ahmet M., additional, and Coomarasamy, Arri, additional

Published
2019
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23. Influences on willingness to use vaginal or oral HIV PrEP during pregnancy and breastfeeding in Africa: the multisite MAMMA study.

Author

Straten, Ariane, Ryan, Julia H, Reddy, Krishnaveni, Etima, Juliane, Taulo, Frank, Mutero, Prisca, Taylor, Jamilah, Piper, Jeanna, and Musara, Petina

Subjects
MEDICAL personnel, PRODUCT acceptance, HIV-positive women, PREGNANCY, INFANT care, CONSUMER preferences
Abstract

Introduction: Women in sub‐Saharan Africa spend a substantial portion of their reproductive lives pregnant and/or breastfeeding (P/BF), yet they have limited options to prevent HIV during these maternal stages. In preparation for phase 3b prevention trials in P/BF women, we explored attitudes about using a vaginal ring or oral pills for pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), perceptions of HIV risk during P/BF and key influences on future PrEP use. Methods: In 2018, we conducted 16 single‐sex focus group discussions (FGDs) with community‐ and clinic‐recruited HIV‐uninfected women, currently or recently P/BF, aged 18 to 40, and men with (currently or recently) P/BF partners, aged 18+. Participants completed a behavioural questionnaire, viewed an educational video and handled prototype placebo products. FGDs were conducted in local languages and transcribed, coded and analysed, using a socio‐ecological framework, for key influences on willingness to use products, HIV risk perceptions and opinions on product attributes. Results: Of the 128 participants (65 women, 63 men) 75% lived with their partner and 84% had a child. Women reported the most important influencers when P/BF were partners, and all stated that health decisions when P/BF are typically made jointly (e.g. medication use; ante/postnatal and baby care). There was consensus that P/BF women are at high risk for HIV, primarily because of their partner's infidelities, and new prevention options were welcomed. Participants valued multiple options and stated that woman's personal preference would be key to product choice. Anticipated concerns about products included risk of miscarriage, impact on infant development, complications during delivery and adequate production or taste of breastmilk. Specific perceived disadvantages emerged for the ring (e.g. vaginal discomfort, difficulty inserting/removing) and for pills (e.g. nausea/vomiting) that may be exacerbated during pregnancy. Health care providers' (HCPs) knowledge and approval of product use during P/BF was needed to mitigate anticipated fears. Conclusions: Participants perceived pregnancy and breastfeeding as high HIV risk periods and valued new prevention options. HIV protection of the mother‐child dyad, safety of the baby, and ultimately, health of the family were paramount. Endorsement by HCPs and support from partners were key to future product acceptance. Participants recommended involving partners and HCPs in sensitization efforts for future trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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25. Additional file 5: of Maternal morbidity measurement tool pilot: study protocol

Author

Say, Lale, Barreix, Maria, Chou, Doris, ÖZge TunçAlp, Cottler, Sara, Affette McCaw-Binns, Gathari Gichuhi, Taulo, Frank, and Hindin, Michelle

Subjects
hemic and lymphatic diseases, mental disorders, reproductive and urinary physiology, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications
Abstract

Maternal morbidity pilot measurement toolâ ANC. (DOC 1.20 mb)

Published
2016
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26. Additional file 6: of Maternal morbidity measurement tool pilot: study protocol

Author

Say, Lale, Barreix, Maria, Chou, Doris, ÖZge TunçAlp, Cottler, Sara, Affette McCaw-Binns, Gathari Gichuhi, Taulo, Frank, and Hindin, Michelle

Subjects
body regions, nervous system, genetic structures, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Maternal morbidity pilot measurement toolâ PPC. (DOC 873 kb)

Published
2016
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30. Maternal morbidity measurement tool pilot: study protocol

Author

Say, Lale, primary, Barreix, Maria, additional, Chou, Doris, additional, Tunçalp, Özge, additional, Cottler, Sara, additional, McCaw-Binns, Affette, additional, Gichuhi, Gathari Ndirangu, additional, Taulo, Frank, additional, and Hindin, Michelle, additional

Published
2016
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37. Strengthening public health education in population and reproductive health through an innovative academic partnership in Africa: The Gates partners experience.

Author

Oni, Gbolahan, Fatusi, Adesegun, Tsui, Amy, Enquselassie, Fikre, Ojengbede, Oladosu, Agbenyega, Tsiri, Ojofeitimi, Ebenezer, Taulo, Frank, and Quakyi, Isabella

Subjects
PUBLIC health education, HEALTH education, PUBLIC health research, EDUCATIONAL programs, REPRODUCTIVE health
Abstract

Poor reproductive health constitutes one of the leading public health problems in the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We report here an academic partnership that commenced in 2003 between a US institution and six universities in SSA. The partnership addresses the human resources development challenge in Africa by strengthening public health education and research capacity to improve population and reproductive health (PRH) outcomes in low-resource settings. The partnership's core activities focused on increasing access to quality education, strengthening health research capacity and translating scholarship and science into policy and practices. Partnership programmes focused on the educational dimension of the human resources equation provide students with improved learning facilities and enhanced work environments and also provide faculty with opportunities for professional development and an enhanced capacity for curriculum delivery. By 2007, 48 faculty members from the six universities in SSA attended PRH courses at Johns Hopkins University, 93 PRH courses were offered across the six universities, 625 of their master's students elected PRH concentrations and 158 had graduated. With the graduation of these and future student cohorts, the universities in SSA will systematically be expanding the number of public health practitioners and strengthening programme effectiveness to resolve reproductive health needs. Some challenges facing the partnership are described in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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38. Additional file 1: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Follow-up card. (DOCX 605 kb)

39. Additional file 3: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Patient information sheet. (DOCX 65 kb)

40. Additional file 2: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Consent form. (DOCX 89 kb)

41. Additional file 1: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Follow-up card. (DOCX 605 kb)

42. Additional file 3: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Patient information sheet. (DOCX 65 kb)

43. Additional file 2: of Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce pelvic infection in women having miscarriage surgery â The AIMS (Antibiotics in Miscarriage Surgery) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Author

Lissauer, David, Wilson, Amie, Daniels, Jane, Middleton, Lee, Bishop, Jon, Hewitt, Catherine, Abi Merriel, Weeks, Andrew, Chisale Mhango, Mataya, Ronald, Taulo, Frank, Ngalawesa, Theresa, Chirwa, Agatha, Colleta Mphasa, Tayamika Tambala, Chiudzu, Grace, Mwalwanda, Caroline, Mboma, Agnes, Rahat Qureshi, Ahmed, Iffat, Humera Ismail, Gulmezoglu, Metin, Olufemi Oladapo, Mbaruku, Godfrey, Chibwana, Jerome, Watts, Grace, Beatus Simon, Ditai, James, Tom, Charles, Jane-Frances Acam, Ekunait, John, Uniza, Helen, Iyaku, Margaret, Anyango, Margaret, Zamora, Javier, Roberts, Tracy, Goranitis, Ilias, Desmond, Nicola, and Arri Coomarasamy

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

Consent form. (DOCX 89 kb)

44. Standardizing the measurement of maternal morbidity: Pilot study results.

Author

Barreix M, Barbour K, McCaw-Binns A, Chou D, Petzold M, Gichuhi GN, Gadama L, Taulo F, Tunçalp Ö, and Say L

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Jamaica, Kenya, Malawi, Pilot Projects, Pregnancy, Young Adult, Mental Health, Postpartum Period, Prenatal Care methods
Abstract

Objective: To field test a standardized instrument to measure nonsevere morbidity among antenatal and postpartum women., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jamaica, Kenya, and Malawi (2015-2016). Women presenting for antenatal care (ANC) or postpartum care (PPC) were recruited if they were at least 28 weeks into pregnancy or 6 weeks after delivery. They were interviewed and examined by a doctor, midwife, or nurse. Data were collected and securely stored electronically on a WHO server. Diagnosed conditions were coded and summarized using ICD-MM., Results: A total of 1490 women (750 ANC; 740 PPC) averaging 26 years of age participated. Most women (61.6% ANC, 79.1% PPC) were healthy (no diagnosed medical or obstetric conditions). Among ANC women with clinical diagnoses, 18.3% had direct (obstetric) conditions and 18.0% indirect (medical) problems. Prevalences among PPC women were lower (12.7% and 8.6%, respectively). When screening for factors in the expanded morbidity definition, 12.8% (ANC) and 11.0% (PPC) self-reported exposure to violence., Conclusion: Nonsevere conditions are distinct from the leading causes of maternal death and may vary across pregnancy and the puerperium. This effort to identify and measure nonsevere morbidity promotes a comprehensive understanding of morbidity, incorporating maternal self-reporting of exposure to violence, and mental health. Further validation is needed., (© 2018 World Health Organization; licensed by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.)

Published
2018
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45. Frequency of Antiretroviral Resistance Mutations among Infants Exposed to Single-Dose Nevirapine and Short Course Maternal Antiretroviral Regimens: ACTG A5207.

Author

Hitti J, Halvas EK, Zheng L, Panousis CG, Kabanda J, Taulo F, Kumarasamy N, Pape JW, Lalloo U, Sprenger H, Klingman KL, Chan ES, McMahon D, and Mellors JW

Abstract

Background: Intrapartum single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) reduces HIV-1 perinatal transmission but selects NVP resistance among mothers and infants. We evaluated the frequency of antiretroviral resistance among infants with intrauterine HIV-1 infection exposed to sdNVP and maternal antenatal or breastfeeding antiretroviral therapy., Methods: This analysis included 429 infants from sub-Saharan Africa, India and Haiti whose 422 mothers received sdNVP plus maternal study treatment. At entry mothers had CD4>250/μL and were ART-naïve except for antenatal ZDV per local standard of care. Maternal study treatment started intrapartum and included ZDV/3TC, TDF/FTC or LPV/r for 7 or 21 days in a randomized factorial design. Infants received sdNVP study treatment and ZDV if local standard of care. Infant HIV RNA or DNA PCR and samples for genotype were obtained at birth and weeks 2, 4 and 12; infants who ever breast-fed were also tested at weeks 16, 24, 48 and 96. Samples from HIV-1-infected infants were tested for drug resistance by population genotype (ViroSeq). NVP or NRTI resistance mutations were assessed using the IAS-USA mutation list., Results: Perinatal HIV-1 transmission occurred in 17 (4.0%) infants including 12 intrauterine infections. Resistance mutations were detected among 5 (42%) intrauterine-infected infants; of these, 3 had mutations conferring resistance to NVP alone, 1 had resistance to NRTI alone, and 1 had dual-class resistance mutations. Among the 2 infants with NRTI mutations, one (K70R) was likely maternally transmitted and one (K65R) occurred in the context of breastfeeding exposure to maternal antiretroviral therapy., Conclusions: Infants with intrauterine HIV infection are at risk of acquiring resistance mutations from exposure to maternal antiretroviral medications intrapartum and/or during breastfeeding. New approaches are needed to lower the risk of antiretroviral resistance in these infants.

Published
2014
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46. Patients' satisfaction with reproductive health services at Gogo Chatinkha Maternity Unit, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi.

Author

Changole J, Bandawe C, Makanani B, Nkanaunena K, Taulo F, Malunga E, and Kafulafula G

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delivery, Obstetric, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Interviews as Topic, Labor, Obstetric, Length of Stay, Malawi, Patient Rights, Postpartum Period, Pregnancy, Reproductive Medicine, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Patient Satisfaction, Professional-Patient Relations, Reproductive Health Services standards
Abstract

Unlabelled: Patient satisfaction is an individual's state of being content with the care provided in the health system. It is important for reproductive health care providers to get feedback from women regarding satisfaction with reproductive health services. There is a dearth of knowledge about patient satisfaction in Malawi., Aim: The specific objective of the study was to determine the extent to which women are satisfied with the care they receive when they come to deliver at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital maternity unit., Methods: A cross sectional study of postpartum women using interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaires was conducted between November 2008 and May 2009. The questionnaires captured mainly quantitative data., Results: 1562 women were interviewed. Most women were housewives (79%) who were referred from Health Centres within the city. Ninety five percent delivered a live baby. The majority of women (97.3%) were satisfied with the care they received from admission through labour and delivery and the immediate postpartum period. Most women cited doctors' and nurses' reviews (65%) as what they liked most about the care they received during their stay in the unit. Most women expected to receive efficient and definitive care. The women's knowledge on patient's rights was extremely low (16%) and equally very few women were offered an opportunity to give an opinion regarding their care by the doctors and nurses in the maternity unit., Conclusion: Most women who deliver at the hospital are satisfied with the care offered. This satisfaction is mainly due to the frequent reviews of patients by nurses and doctors in the unit. There is a great need to educate both the population of women served and the health workers that serve them on patient's rights.

Published
2010
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48. Audit of gynaecological cancers Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre.

Author

Taulo F, Malunga E, and Ngwira A

Subjects
AIDS Serodiagnosis, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Genital Neoplasms, Female complications, Genital Neoplasms, Female therapy, HIV Seropositivity complications, HIV-1 immunology, Humans, Malawi epidemiology, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Social Class, Syphilis complications, Syphilis Serodiagnosis, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms complications, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms therapy, Genital Neoplasms, Female epidemiology, HIV Seropositivity epidemiology, Medical Audit, Syphilis epidemiology, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract

The aim of the audit was to assess the trend of the gynaecological cancers for the first quarter of 2008, and the prevalence of HIV and syphilis among the cases. Gynaecological cancer cases accounted for 6% of gynaecological admissions at QECH between January and April 2008. The findings show that cervical cancer still remains the leading gynaecological cancer among women in the unit. Among the cases where HIV testing was done, 50% of cases tested HIV positive and these were all cervical, vaginal and vulval cancer cases. Syphilis was prevalent in 10% of the cases. Low socioeconomic status and young age was associated with cervical cancer. A majority of the cases of advanced cervical cancer had been sub optimally managed by health workers at initial visit when the disease was at its early stage hence missing an opportunity for adequate treatment.

Published
2008
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