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Background: There has been noticeable research emphasis on the effects of museum-based programs as valuable community support for people with dementia and their primary caregivers., Research Question and Aim: This umbrella review outlines the effects of museum-based community programs on health-related aspects of people with dementia and their primary caregivers and aims to synthesise existing evidence of museum-based programs and give directions for practice and implementation research., Method and Material: An umbrella review was undertaken following the guideline of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Therefore 6 databases (CINAHL Complete, PubMed, Medline Complete, SocINDEX, Psych & Behav Sci and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews) were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in April/May 2023 and as a follow-up in October 2023. The results were critically appraised by three reviewers., Results: A total of five systematic reviews and one meta-analysis were identified. Due to the heterogeneity of the primary studies no consistent statistically robust proof of effects of museum-based community programs currently exists. Qualitative studies support the effects towards improvement of quality of life, mood and other noncognitive parameters., Discussion and Conclusion: While the heterogeneity of study designs prevents a critical evaluation of the effects and therefore a reliable comprehensible analysis, the results from different studies, including randomized controlled trials, support museum-based programs as a valuable resource for participation in day to day care and social prescribing. For future research adapted and extended methodological considerations and approaches, such as mixed methods designs are recommended., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: M. Kriegseisen-Peruzzi, M. Dür, V.C. Tatzer und P. Paal geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Delirium and dementia are two of the most common geriatric syndromes, which requires innovative rehabilitation approaches., Aim: We aimed at determining which occupational therapy and physiotherapy interventions are applied with older people with delirium and dementia in different care settings. We also identified the assessment tools that were used., Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search for scientific articles published from 2012 to 2022 (PubMed, MEDLINE, AMED and CINAHL) with adults aged >65 years including experimental study designs with randomized or non-randomized intervention, exploratory studies, pilot studies, quasi-experimental studies, case series and/or clinical cases. Studies that did not use interventions that could be classified as occupational therapy or physiotherapy were excluded., Results: After applying the exclusion criteria, 9 articles were selected. The most widely used assessment to define dementia was the MMSE (N = 5; 55.5%), whereas the CAM (N = 2; 22.2%), CAM-ICU (N = 2; 22.2%) and RASS (N = 3; 33.3%) were the most widely used to define delirium. The rehabilitation interventions that were most frequently performed were early mobilization, inclusion of the caregiver during treatment, modification of the environment to encourage orientation and autonomy, the interprofessional systemic approach and engaging persons in meaningful activities., Conclusions: Despite the growing evidence on its effectiveness, the role of physiotherapy and occupational therapy interventions in the prevention and treatment of people with dementia and delirium is still emerging. More research is needed to investigate if effective occupational therapy programs known to reduce the behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia are also useful for treating delirium and specifically delirium superimposed on dementia. Regarding physiotherapy, it is crucial to know about the amount and timing of intervention required. Further studies are needed including older adults with delirium superimposed on dementia to define the role of the interprofessional geriatric rehabilitation team.

Background and Objectives: Media discourses have the power to construct and perpetuate positive and negative aging images and influence public and individuals' attitudes. This study aims to critically examine the media portrayal of older persons' everyday information and communication technology (EICT) usage during the first and second waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic., Research Design and Methods: A total of 51 articles published in 3 leading German newspapers between March 2020 and November 2020 were identified from the LexisNexis Academic database. Data were analyzed employing critical discourse and thematic analysis., Results: EICT use was associated with youthful, consumption-orientated, and active lifestyles, while nonuse was constructed as failures on the policy or individual level. The pandemic seemed to have acted as an amplifier, further exacerbating and perpetuating stereotypical, dichotomous, but also empowering aging images., Discussion and Implications: Neoliberal rational and binary distinctions of active users and nonusers opened and encouraged critical discussions on positive aging trends, the concept of the third and fourth ages, and aging-and-innovation discourses. Moreover, the crucial educative role of the media in raising awareness about power imbalances and reducing EICT-related ageism is stressed., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America.)

The need for integrated, accessible and person-centred care for people with dementia to foster quality of life and facilitate life in the community has been voiced by health policy. Pharmacies have the potential to provide easily accessible information and support for people with dementia, caregivers and the public. The 'Dementia-friendly Pharmacy' programme aimed at re-orienting community pharmacy in Austria, focusing on stronger inclusion of professional counselling into core services. It followed principles of health promotion and person-centred care, aiming at empowering all actors involved, and at fostering quality of life. Methodologically, the programme was based on participatory health research, thus involving all relevant actors and consolidating their perspectives on issues related to dementia care. In the course of the programme, a workshop series covering topics relevant for dementia care in community pharmacy, as well as prototypes for small-scale projects were developed, and measures were taken for securing sustainability. Findings related to programme development and implementation encompass pharmacy staff's motivation to participate in the programme, counselling knowledge and skills development, experience with building community partnerships and cross-organizational development and sustainability. Furthermore, effectiveness of the programme has been established. These findings are discussed against the background of re-orienting pharmacies., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Background: Family members undertake a large proportion of the care of people living with dementia. The purpose of this study was to explore the needs and caring experiences of family caregivers of people with dementia in Austria, who were organized in a self-help group., Methods: Using an explorative, qualitative research design, data were collected through 1 focus group and 3 in-depth interviews with a total of 10 family caregivers of people with dementia from a self-help group. An inductive qualitative analysis was applied and resulted in four themes: frightening images of dementia in society, continuity and conflicts in the relationship to the person with dementia, caring for one's own health and lack of support and community., Results: Continuity in the relationship to and joint activities with the person with dementia were positively described but simultaneously the frequently occurring conflicts were described as burdensome. Also described were bureaucratic, structural and financial hurdles for the utilization of support services. The existing support systems offered were mostly judged to be inadequate, inaccessible or unaffordable. The participating caregivers described the communication of the diagnosis of dementia in the environment as a prerequisite for support in the community., Discussion: Destigmatization and the further development of dementia-specific support offers and self-help groups for caring relatives and people living with dementia could represent further steps forward. Communicating the dementia diagnosis in the social environment and community seems to be an important but difficult step for caregivers organized in a self-help group.

Purpose: To perform a narrative review of studies on the applicability and feasibility of occupational therapy in persons with delirium by analyzing evaluation and procedural methods in the therapeutic settings., Methods: Starting from the international classification of disability, the focus was to understand if and how occupational therapy as a multi-component intervention can reduce the duration and intensity of delirium to prevent future disabilities. This review also includes scientific studies demonstrating the benefits of occupational therapy in terms of increased functional and occupational outcomes. Finally, the evaluation modalities and the therapeutic procedures performed by the occupational therapist have been analyzed., Results: The non-pharmacological treatments occupational therapists perform in people with delirium in intensive care settings are supported by scientific evidence., Conclusions: There is preliminary evidence of the benefit of including occupational therapy in early stages of rehabilitation in acute care to prevent and treat delirium. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to define the different aspects of the multidisciplinary approach that is common in geriatric practice, primarily determining the adequate timing, and intensity of interventions as well as its appropriate settings.

Background: Delirium is a geriatric syndrome that presents in 1 out of 5 hospitalized older patients. It is also common in the community, in hospices, and in nursing homes. Delirium prevalence varies according to clinical setting, with rates of under 5% in minor elective surgery but up to 80% in intensive care unit patients. Delirium has severe adverse consequences, but despite this and its high prevalence, it remains undetected in the majority of cases. Optimal delirium care requires an interdisciplinary, multi-dimensional diagnostic and therapeutic approach involving doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists. However, there are still important gaps in the knowledge and management of this syndrome., Main Body: The objective of this paper is to promote the interdisciplinary approach in the prevention and management of delirium as endorsed by a delirium society (European Delirium Association, EDA), a geriatrics society (European Geriatric Medicine Society, EuGMS), a nursing society (European Academy of Nursing Science, EANS), an occupational therapy society (Council of Occupational Therapists for European Countries, COTEC), and a physiotherapy society (International Association of Physical Therapists working with Older People of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy, IPTOP/WCPT)., Short Conclusion: In this paper we have strongly promoted and supported interdisciplinary collaboration underlying the necessity of increasing communication among scientific societies. We have also provided suggestions on how to fill the current gaps via improvements in undergraduate and postgraduate delirium education among European Countries.