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Objectives The aim of this study was to assess pregnant women’s knowledge and attitudes regarding maternal COVID-19 immunization during pregnancy. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in two teaching hospitals between May and October 2021 in Zagreb, Croatia. During antenatal clinic visit pregnant women were approached and asked to fill out a predesigned questionnaire about their knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Collected data was later analyzed. Results A total of 430 women participated in the study. Only 16% of women expressed their willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 if offered, despite that 71% of them believe that COVID-19 might be a serious illness in pregnant women. The most important obstacle in having better acceptance of the vaccines is in the assumption that the vaccines are not safe for pregnant women (73%) or the fetus (75%), or that the vaccines are not effective (41%). The relationship exists between acceptance of vaccination in general and willingness to get other vaccines in pregnancy and readiness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in pregnancy. Only one out of 55 women who were not adherent to the current vaccination recommendations in Croatia would accept the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy if offered. 21 (5%) women stated that vaccination against influenza and pertussis during pregnancy is necessary and 13 (62%) of them would get vaccinated against COVID-19 if offered. Conclusions This study showed that the crucial reasons for refusing vaccination against COVID-19 among pregnant women in Croatia are the concerns about the vaccines’ effectiveness and safety. All healthcare providers should put more effort into education of pregnant women on risks of COVID-19, as well as on the benefits and safety of the vaccines.

Veliki uspeh injekcionog presovanja (IP) u najvećoj meri se zasniva na mogućnosti proizvodnje visokog broja kompleksnih delova u relativno malom vremenskom periodu. Glavni cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje uticaja hlađenja alata kako bi se procenile kvalitativne i ekonomske prednosti korišćenja umetka proizvedenog aditivnom tehnologijom.

Munir Mujić, Rječnik klasičnih arapskih termina: gramatika, književnost, stilistika, metrika: arapsko-bosanski, Sarajevo: Centar za napredne studije, 2019. Str. 198, ISBN 978-9926-471-17-0.

Iako Grad Zagreb ima mnoštvo uspješnih sportaša, ne postoje dostatna ulaganja u sportsku infrastrukturu koja bi dovela do organizacije velikih sportskih događaja, a samim time ni ekonomske dobiti kroz turizam. Iz toga je jasno kako je sportska turistička ponuda nedovoljno valorizirana. Uz sportsku turističku ponudu, postoji i popratna turistička ponuda u obliku ugostiteljskih objekata te kulturnih i javnih institucija, koje je vrijedno posjetiti. Zbog nedovoljno razvijene turističke ponude i nedovoljnih ulaganja u sportsku infrastrukturu, Zagreb nije u potpunosti prepoznat kao sportska turistička destinacija koja je privlačna sportskom gledateljstvu. Nadalje, zbog nerazvijenosti sportske infrastrukture pati i razvoj zagrebačkog sporta kroz mlađe dobne kategorije, a samim time se i smanjuje broj sportaša koji bi mogli biti dovoljno uspješni i konkurentni na sportskom planu. U slučaju neuspješnosti mladih sportaša, postoji mogućnost prestanka održavanja nekih sportskih natjecanja koja se u ovom trenutku održavaju u Zagrebu, što bi se negativno odrazilo i na sportsku turističku ponudu Zagreba. Although the City of Zagreb has many successful athletes, there is not enough investment in sports infrastructure that would lead to the organization of major sporting events and thus economic benefits through tourism. It is clear from this that the sports tourist offer is insufficiently valorized. In addition to the sports tourist offer, there is also an accompanying tourist offer in the form of catering facilities and cultural and public institutions, which are worth visiting. Due to insufficiently developed tourist offer and insufficient investments in sports infrastructure, Zagreb is not fully recognized as a sports tourist destination that is attractive to sports spectators. Furthermore, due to the underdevelopment of sports infrastructure, the development of Zagreb sports through younger age categories suffers and thus the number of athletes who could be sufficiently successful and competitive in sports is reduced. In case of failure of young athletes, there is a possibility of ceasing to hold some sports competitions that are currently being held in Zagreb, which would have a negative impact on the sports tourism offer of Zagreb.

Introduction: Prescribing trends in maintenance therapy of patients with primary psychotic disorders (PSD) may vary worldwide. Present study aimed to investigate prescription patterns in a sample of outpatients with PSD from Serbia. Methods: In a sample of 73 PSD outpatients we analysed the rate of antipsychotic polypharmacy and psychotropic polypharmacy, concomitant continual benzodiazepine use, and associations between therapy, psychotic symptoms and quality of life. Results: Maintenance therapy (median daily dose 321mg of chlorpromazine equivalents) predominantly consisted of monotherapy with second generation antipsychotics (45.2%), followed by antipsychotic polypharmacy based on first and second generation combination (25.0%). The median number of psychotropicdrugs was 3. Benzodiazepines were continually prescribed to more than 60% of patients (meandaily dose 2.9 ± 2.0mg lorazepam equivalents). Patients with benzodiazepine use had significantly morepsychotropic medications and more antipsychotic polypharmacy, poorer quality of life and more severepsychopathology in comparison to another group. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated new information regarding the prescription patterns of psychotropic drugs in outpatients with PSD in Serbia, amplified with clinically relevant information. This study also revealed distinct prescription patterns concerning antipsychotic/benzodiazepine polypharmacy. Overall, such findings are likely to contribute to improving clinical practice and care for patients with PSD in general

Tehnološki razvoj predstavlja odliku 21. stoljeća, te karakterizira sve sfere modernog života. Pandemija Covid-19 doprinjela je bržem procesu digitalizacije u visokom obrazovanju i ostavila veliki trag na istom. Uzimajući u obzir činjenicu da je tehnologija uzela primat u poslovanju i da nije moguće ostvariti konkurentan položaj na tržištu ukoliko ne posjeduju tehnološku infrastrukturu, kompanije konkurentsku poziciju danas najčešće ostvaruju kroz ljudske potencijale. Činjenica jeste da isključivo ljudske potencijale kompanije na tržištu ne mogu kopirati, te da motivacija zaposlenika igra veliku ulogu na poslovanje kompanije i ostvarenu dobit. Kroz ovaj rad je prikazan utjecaj motivacije na akademsko osoblje i studente prije pandemije Covid-19 i online nastave, a fokus je stavljen na motivaciju tokom pandemije i održavanja online nastave. Istraživanje je rađeno u dvije skupine. Prva skupina, akademsko osoblje, obuhvata vanredne profesore, redovne profesore, docente, više asistente i asistente, dok druga skupina obuhvata redovne, vanredne i distance learning studente. Anketni upitnik je sačinjen od devet pitanja, od kojih je osam pitanja sa višetrukim odgovorom i jedno otvoreno pitanje, gdje su ispitanici mogli da iskažu svoje mišljenje. Predstavljeni rezultati mogu biti od koristi visokoobrazovnim institucijama prilikom kreiranja poslovne strategije i organizacije i realizacije nastavnog procesa.

Polypharmacy is a common issue in patients with chronic diseases. Eastern-European countries and Iran are exploring possibilities for implementing the Medication Use Review (MUR) as a measure for optimizing medication use and ensuring medication safety in polypharmacy patients. The aim of this study was to gain insights into the development of the community pharmacy sector and map facilitators and barriers of MUR in Eastern Europe and Iran. The representatives of the framework countries received a questionnaire on community pharmacy sector indicators, current and future developments of pharmacies, and factors encouraging and hindering MUR. To answer the questionnaire, all representatives performed document analysis, literature review, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders. The socio-ecological model was used for inductive thematic analysis of the identified factors. Current community pharmacist competencies in framework countries were more related to traditional pharmacy services. Main facilitators of MUR were increase in polypharmacy and pharmaceutical waste, and access to patients’ electronic list of medications by pharmacists. Main barriers included the service being unfamiliar, lack of funding and private consultation areas. Pharmacists in the framework countries are well-placed to provide MUR, however, the service needs more introduction and barriers mostly on organizational and public policy levels must be addressed.

Continuing education of adults is becoming a condition for the survival and development of modern states. With development of science and technology, formal education, regardless of the level of the development achieved, becomes insufficient to follow modern social and technological trend. In this context, there is a need to acquire new knowledge that woud involve all participators in civil life on the path to successful accomplishment of their life missions. Acquiring and use of knowledge in adulthood improves human relations, raises economic growth, encourages employment, raises the quality of the environment, protects and promotes health, raises personal self-confidence, etc. These are the basic reason why modern democratic societies have agreed on the key goals and principles of adult education, as well as the role of education in individual and social development. Lifelong learning must be the guiding principle of education, as well as the foundation for the development of the individuals, social connections and employment. Adult education includes retraing, additional training, vocational training and other activities related to lifelong learning. Access to this education is not limited regardless of age. The realization of successful education requires the participation and responsibility of all partners: adults involved in education, parents, teachers, employers, unions, public institutions, charities and others. This work explores the goals and principles of the development of adult education, and the possibilities of its improvement in the Republic of Srpska as well as the limitations in the realization of the set educational goals. The work aims to point out the gap between offer and needs in labor market, on which future capacities in adult educatain should be based.

Allelopathic effect of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. on seed germination and seedlings growth of seven plant species was investigated. The experiment was conducted out in Petri dishes and extracts from fresh leaves of A. vera at various concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%) were evaluated on germination, seedlings length and fresh and dry weight of seedlings of barley, wheat, soybean, oil pumpkin, radicchio, rocket and lettuce. The effect of water extracts depended on the extract concentration and test species. Extract with concentrations above 2% reduced germination of barley and lettuce seeds, while positive effect was observed on oil pumpkin. The highest decrease of root length was recorded for lettuce by 41.6%, while the root length of oil pumpkin was increased up to 49.9%. Water extracts significantly increased shoot length of wheat, soybean and oil pumpkin. Both positive and negative effects were observed on the fresh weight of test species seedlings, while the dry weight of seedlings was reduced only for barley in all treatments, and for lettuce in the treatment with extract concentration of 4%. Among the test species barley proved to be the most sensitive in all measured parameters, except in root length.

U radu je istražen alelopatski utjecaj vrste Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. na klijavost sjemena i rast klijanaca sedam biljnih vrsta. Pokus je proveden u Petrijevim zdjelicama, gdje su procijenjeni ekstrakti svježih listova vrste A. vera u različitim koncentracijama (2, 4, 6, 8 i 10%) na klijavost, duljinu klijanaca te svježu i suhu masu klijanaca ječma, pšenice, soje, uljne bundeve, radiča, rukole i salate. Djelovanje vodenih ekstrakata ovisilo je o koncentraciji ekstrakata i test vrsti. Ekstrakti koncentracije iznad 2% smanjili su klijavost sjemena ječma i salate, dok je pozitivan utjecaj zabilježen kod uljne bundeve. Najveće smanjenje duljine korijena bilo je kod salate i to za 41,6%, dok je duljina korijena uljne bundeve bila povećana do 49,9%. Vodeni ekstrakti povećali su značajno duljinu izdanka kod pšenice, soje i uljne bundeve. Pozitivan i negativan utjecaj utvrđen je na svježu masu klijanaca test vrsta, dok je suha masa klijanaca bila snižena samo kod ječma u svim tretmanima te salate u tretmanu s ekstraktom koncentracije 4%. Među test vrstama, kao najosjetljivija se pokazao ječam kod svih mjerenih parametara, izuzev kod duljine korijena., Allelopathic effect of Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. on seed germination and seedlings growth of seven plant species was investigated. The experiment was conducted out in Petri dishes and extracts from fresh leaves of A. vera at various concentrations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10%) were evaluated on germination, seedlings length and fresh and dry weight of seedlings of barley, wheat, soybean, oil pumpkin, radicchio, rocket and lettuce. The effect of water extracts depended on the extract concentration and test species. Extract with concentrations above 2% reduced germination of barley and lettuce seeds, while positive effect was observed on oil pumpkin. The highest decrease of root length was recorded for lettuce by 41.6%, while the root length of oil pumpkin was increased up to 49.9%. Water extracts significantly increased shoot length of wheat, soybean and oil pumpkin. Both positive and negative effects were observed on the fresh weight of test species seedlings, while the dry weight of seedlings was reduced only for barley in all treatments, and for lettuce in the treatment with extract concentration of 4%. Among the test species barley proved to be the most sensitive in all measured parameters, except in root length.

S obzirom na porast broja znanstvenih dokaza o povezanosti poremećaja sastava crijevne mikroflore i pojavnosti nekih sistemskih oboljenja ili oboljenja pojedinih organskih sustava, probiotici se danas sve više koriste u prevenciji ili liječenju različitih patofizioloških stanja. Savjetovanje pacijenata o racionalnoj primjeni probiotika bitno je otežano zbog niza čimbenika, prvenstveno zbog nedostatka jasnih dokaza o učinkovitosti, smjernica o odabiru vrste i doze preparata te trajanju suplementacije kod pojedinih oboljenja. Dodatan problem stvara sve veći broj preparata na tržištu, nedosljednosti u deklariranju pojedinih probiotičkih sojeva i vrsta te varijabilna kvaliteta suplemenata. Stoga je cilj ovog rada sažeti najnovija saznanja o učinkovitosti primjene probiotika u pojedinim indikacijama kako bi se olakšalo savjetovanje pacijenata u svakodnevnoj ljekarničkoj praksi., A growing body of scientific evidence has linked disorders of the gut microbiota with the occurrence of certain systemic diseases or diseases of particular organ systems. As a result, probiotics are nowadays increasingly used as dietary supplements in the prevention or treatment of various clinical conditions. Adequate patient counselling on the use of probiotics is considerably hampered by several factors, primarily the low level of evidence on efficacy and the lack of clear guidelines on the type and dose of the probiotic, as well as on the duration of supplementation with regard to specific diseases. An additional problem is the increasing number of preparations available on the market, inconsistencies in the declaration of certain probiotic strains and species, and the variable quality of supplements. The aim of this paper is to summarize the latest findings on the efficacy of probiotics in particular indications in order to facilitate patient counselling in day-to-day pharmacy practice.

SAŽETAK S obzirom na često iskustvo terapeuta sa pogoršanjima koja se javljaju tokom vanhospitalnog lečenja psihofarmacima pacijenata sa dijagnostikovanom psihozom, postavljeno je pitanje koje okolnosti utiču na njenu pojavu, te u kojoj meri neregularno uzimanje terapije i neredovne ambulantne kontrole utiču na pojavu pogoršanja stanja. U prospektivno istraživanje tokom 3 meseca uključeno je 50 pacijenata muškog pola sa dijagnostikovanom psihozom iz dijagnostičkog raspona ICD X F20-F29. Utvrđeno je da je nekomplijansa daleko češći fenomen nego što su očekivanja psihijatra, jer je tek svaki šesti (18%) pacijent u navedenom periodu bio sasvim striktno komplijantan sa terapijom, kao i da je pogoršanje stanja, u vidu relapsa, komorbiditeta i neurološke komplikacije kod 70% pacijenata uslovljeno nekomplijansom. Redovnost dolaženja na kontrolne preglede je u korelaciji sa komplijansom sa psihofarmacima. Na kvalitet komplijanse utiču različiti faktori: priroda bolesti, terapijska situacija i sam pacijent. Terapijska situacija je poligon na kome se može raditi na poboljšanju komplijanse, optimizacijom tretmana kroz režim vanbolničkog lečenja, i time uticati na dalji ishod lečenja. SUMMARY In their practice clinicians often experience the worsening of mental health of patients who are treated with psychopharmaceuticals in out-patient services. The question arises as to the circumstances affecting its occurrence, and to what extent irregular therapy and irregular outpatient control affect the onset of worsening of the condition. In longitudinal study that lasted for 3 months, 50 male patients with diagnosed psychosis from the diagnostic range ICD X F20-F29 are included. Study results showed that non-compliance is a frequent phenomenon, as only one in six (18%) patients was strictly compliant with therapy. Additionally, worsening of the condition, in the form of relapse, comorbidity and neurological complications, was observed in 70% of patients who were not compliant with therapy. The regularity of check-in visits is associated with compliance with psychopharmaceuticals. Various factors influence the quality of the compliance: the nature of the disease, the therapeutic situation and the patient himself. The therapeutic situation is a fruitful area for improving compliance, optimizing the treatment through the outpatient treatment schedule, which will have an impact on the further outcome of the treatment., Original research paper

Moderno vrijeme u kojem živimo odlikuje turbulentan stil života, nedostatak vremena i virtualizacija. Potrošači danas imaju sve manje vremena, te svoje odluke o kupovini donose na osnovu preporuke ili oglašavačke poruke koju su uspjeli vidjeti.Oglašavanje predstavlja način na koji se proizvodi ili usluge predstavljaju na tržištu te tako postaju poželjni i traženi. Prilikom oglašavanja veoma je važno da poruka o proizvodu bude sveobuhvatna kako bi je kupci zapazili. Putem tržišnog komuniciranja ne nude se samo proizvodi nego i životni stil. Kroz rad je dokazano koliko su važne oglašavačke poruke, odnosno koliko je važno za samu kompaniju da kroz oglašavačke poruke svoj proizvod ili uslugu nametnu kao životni stil.

Cervical carcinoma is the second most common female malignancy worldwide. It usually spreads by direct local extension or the lymphatic vessels. Hematogenous dissemination with distant skeletal muscle metastases is a rare phenomenon. We report here 2 patients whose recurrent squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix presented with symptomatic skeletal muscle metastases affecting the muscles of the thoracic wall and forearm, respectively. We also discuss the differential diagnosis and comprehensively review the previously published literature on this rare presentation of cervical carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to explore predictive validity of a set of ability and personality constructs for the pre-service teachers' teaching preferences and the hypothesized acquisition of specific educational expertise. The study included analyses at the individual, and at the school context level. At the individual level, the study participants included 100 students in their fifth and final year of university teacher studies. Verbal, numeric, and spatial tests were used as measures of ability. The big five personality questionnaire and an inventory of vocational preferences were used to gain insight into the current pre-service teacher selection and its domain-specific repercussions for future general primary and gifted education. To compare and complement the findings at the individual level, the yearly school plans were analyzed for 105 primary schools in search of repercussions of teacher abilities and traits for education. The results at the individual level revealed the predictive importance of pre-service teacher abilities and traits for general, and the domain-specific bias in gifted education operationalized as the children's productive behavior covering everyday, scientific and artistic creativity domains. The results from the schools corroborated these findings. The findings were interpreted in relation to the contemporary educational perspectives on creativity and gifted education, currently working teachers and their choices, the undergoing selection of students for teacher studies, the teacher pre-service and in-service teacher education, and the empirically proven teachers' influence on student outcomes.

Prijašnja istraživanja pokazala su poteškoće u socio-emocionalnoj prilagodbi djece s ADHD-om, što se očituje u nedostatku empatije, poteškoćama u samoregulaciji i samovrednovanju, anksioznosti te opozicijskim i agresivnim ponašanjem. Kako bi se saznalo više o ovoj problematici provedeno je istraživanje s ciljem provjere postojanja povezanosti simptoma deficita pažnje/hiperaktivnog poremećaja sa socio-emocionalnom prilagodbom. Socijalna prilagodba mjerena je varijablama: broj prijatelja, osjećaj prihvaćenosti od strane vršnjaka i socijalna samoefikasnost, a varijable emocionalne prilagodbe su: emocionalna empatija, emocionalna kompetentnost te emocionalna samoefikasnost. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 501 učenik četvrtih (20,8 %), šestih (36,9 %) i osmih (42,3 %) razreda. Uzorak se sastojao od 50,7 % dječaka i 49,3 % djevojčica u rasponu dobi od 10 do 16 godina, s prosječnom dobi M=12,72 godina (sd=1,62). Učenici su tijekom jednog školskog sata ispunili Upitnik emocionalne kompetentnosti (UEK-45; Takšić, 2002), Skalu emocionalne empatije (E-upitnik; Raboteg-Šarić, 2002), Skalu hiperaktivnosti-impulzivnosti-nepažnje (HIP; Vulić-Prtorić, 2006) te Upitnik samoefikasnosti za djecu (SEQ-C; Vulić-Prtorić i Sorić, 2006). Kako bi se utvrdio stupanj povezanosti osnovnih simptoma ADHD-a sa socijalnom i emocionalnom prilagodbom, izračunat je Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije. Nepažnja, kao simptom ADHD-a statistički je značajno, iako prilično slabo, negativno povezana s osjećajem prihvaćenosti od strane vršnjaka i socijalnom samoefikasnošću; porastom nepažnje smanjuje se socijalna samoefikasnost i osjećaj prihvaćenosti od strane vršnjaka. Nepažnja je i u negativnoj korelaciji sa svim dimenzijama emocionalne prilagodbe; empatijom, emocionalnom kompetentnošću i emocionalnom samoefikasnošću. Iako slabe, dobivene su i statistički značajne negativne povezanosti ostalih simptoma ADHD-a s dimenzijama emocionalne prilagodbe. Porastom hiperaktivnosti smanjuju se empatija i emocionalna samoefikasnost, a s empatijom i emocionalnom samoefikasnosti negativno je povezan i treći simptom ADHD-a, odnosno impulzivnost. Previous researches have shown the difficulties associated with the socio-emotional adjustment of children with ADHD, which include lack of empathy, difficulties in self-regulation and self-evaluation, anxiety, as well as oppositional and aggressive behavior. In order to find out more about this issue, a research has been conducted with the aim of checking whether there is a connection between the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the socio-emotional adjustment. The social adjustment was measured with the means of the following variables: number of friends, feeling of peer acceptance, and social self-efficacy. On the other hand, the variables of emotional adjustment used were: emotional empathy, emotional competence, and emotional self-efficacy. The research is based on 501 student of the fourth (20.8%), sixth (36.9%) and eight (42.3%) grades. The sample consists of 50.7% of boys and 49.3% of girls, aging 10-16, the average age being M=12.72 (sd=1.62). The students have taken a school hour to fill in the Emotional Competence Questionnaire (UEK-45; Takšić, 2002), the Emotional Empathy Scale (E-upitnik; Raboteg-Šarić, 2002), the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity-Attention Scale (HIP; Vulić-Prtorić, 2006) and Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C; Vulić-Prtorić and Sorić, 2006). In order to determine the connection level between the basic ADHD symptoms with the social and emotional adjustment, the Pearson correlation coefficient has been calculated. Inattention, regarded as an ADHD symptom, is statistically significantly, even though relatively loosely, negatively connected with the peer acceptance feeling and social self-efficacy, i.e. the social self-efficacy and peer acceptance feeling decline as the inattention level grows. There is also a negative correlation between inattention and all the dimensions of emotional adjustment, or, in other words, empathy, emotional competence, and emotional self-efficacy. Despite being weak, negative connections of other ADHD symptoms with dimensions of emotional adjustment are statistically significant. As hyperactivity level grows, empathy and emotional self-efficacy decline. Furthermore, the third ADHD symptom, i.e. impulsivity, is also negatively connected with the abovementioned dimensions of emotional adjustment.

U radu je dana klasifikacija visokonaponskih prekidača. Danom klasifikacijom svaki tip prekidača opisan je od značajnijih prvih izvedbi nastalih početkom 19 stoljeća do izvedbi koje se koriste u današnjim modernim pogonima. Podjela prekidača navedena je po raznim kriterijima ali najčešći kriterij podjele danas je po mediju za gašenje luka i po tom kriteriju imamo pet vrsta viskonaponskih prekidača opisanih u radu. U radu je opisan princip rada, struktura, veze između veličina unutar prekidača, svojstva medija za gašenje luka. Opisivanjem zastarjelih tehnologija i pokušaja razvoja tih tehnologija za prekidanje pokazale su eksperimentalni način otkrivanja novih tehnologija kao i malu promjenu u osnovnim principima rada prekidača. Razumijevanjem veza između veličina i poznavanjem svojstava plinova usavršena je i djelotvornost medija za gašenje luka. Veća pažnja dana je SF6 prekidačima koji su od svih obrađenih tehnologija pokazale potpunu nadmoć na tržištu, posebno za napone iznad 72, 5 kV. Obrađen je njihov utjecaj na okoliš i naglašena opasnost pri rukovanju s plinom zbog njegovog dugog životnog vijeka, kao i recikliranju. Dana je GWP vrijednost ili potencijal globalnog zagrijavanja za svaki od plinova opasnih po okoliš i obrađen je dugotrajni učinak plina SF6 na okoliš u određenom vremenskom rasponu. Za napone do 38 kV vakuumski prekidači su novija tehnologija i odlikuju se jednostavnošću i bez negativih utjecaja na okoliš ali pojavljuje se i problematika otplinjavanja elektroda i dobar izbor uporabe materijala za izradu kontakata.