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6. Observation of post-soliton expansion following laser propagation through an underdense plasma

Author

Sarri, G., Singh, 1 D. K., Davies, 2 J. R., Lancaster, 2 K. L., Clark, 3 E. L., Hassan, 4 S., Jiang, 4 J., Kageiwa, 2 N., Lopes, N., Rehman, A., Russo, C., Scott, R. H. H., Tanimoto, T., Najmudin, Z., Tanaka, K. A., Tatarakis, M., Borghesi, M., and Norreys, P. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The expansion of electromagnetic post-solitons emerging from the interaction of a 30 ps, $3\times 10^{18}$ W cm$^{-2}$ laser pulse with an underdense deuterium plasma has been observed up to 100 ps after the pulse propagation, when large numbers of post-solitons were seen to remain in the plasma. The temporal evolution of the post-solitons has been accurately characterized with a high spatial and temporal resolution. The observed expansion is compared to analytical models and three dimensional particle-in-cell results providing indication of the polarisation dependence of the post-soliton dynamics.

Published
2010
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8. Future for Inertial Fusion Energy in Europe: A roadmap

Author

Batani, D., primary, Colaïtis, A., additional, Consoli, F., additional, Danson, C. N., additional, Gizzi, L. A., additional, Honrubia, J. J., additional, Kühl, T., additional, Le Pape, S., additional, Miquel, J.-L., additional, Perlado, J. M., additional, Scott, R. H. H., additional, Tatarakis, M., additional, Tikhonchuk, V., additional, and Volpe, L., additional

Published
2023
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9. Design, manufacturing, evaluation, and performance of a 3D-printed, custom-made nozzle for laser wakefield acceleration experiments.

Author

Andrianaki, G., Grigoriadis, A., Skoulakis, A., Tazes, I., Mancelli, D., Fitilis, I., Dimitriou, V., Benis, E. P., Papadogiannis, N. A., Tatarakis, M., and Nikolos, I. K.

Subjects
PLASMA physics, NOZZLES, ELECTRON sources, LASER plasmas, ELECTRON density, LASERS, ELECTRON beams
Abstract

Laser WakeField Acceleration (LWFA) is extensively used as a high-energy electron source, with electrons achieving energies up to the GeV level. The produced electron beam characteristics depend strongly on the gas density profile. When the gaseous target is a gas jet, the gas density profile is affected by parameters, such as the nozzle geometry, the gas used, and the backing pressure applied to the gas valve. An electron source based on the LWFA mechanism has recently been developed at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers. To improve controllability over the electron source, we developed a set of 3D-printed nozzles suitable for creating different gas density profiles according to the experimental necessities. Here, we present a study of the design, manufacturing, evaluation, and performance of a 3D-printed nozzle intended for LWFA experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. Breakthrough at the NIF paves the way to inertial fusion energy

Author

Atzeni, S., Batani, D., Danson, C. N., Gizzi, L. A., Le Pape, S., Miquel, J-L., Perlado, M., Scott, R. H. H., Tatarakis, M., Tikhonchuk, V., and Volpe, L.

Subjects
plasma physics, inertial confinement fusion, General Physics and Astronomy, laser fusion, inertial fusion energy
Abstract

In August 2021, at the National Ignition Facility of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the USA, a 1.35 MJ fusion yield was obtained. It is a demonstration of the validity of the Inertial Confinement Fusion approach to achieve energy-efficient thermonuclear fusion in the laboratory. It is a historical milestone that the scientific community has achieved after decades of efforts.

Published
2022
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13. High performance simulations of a single X-pinch

Author

Skoulakis, A. Koundourakis, G. Ciardi, A. Kaselouris, E. Fitilis, I. Chatzakis, J. Bakarezos, M. Vlahakis, N. Papadogiannis, N.A. Tatarakis, M. Dimitriou, V.

Abstract

The dynamics of plasmas produced by low current X-pinch devices are explored. This comprehensive computational study is the first step in the preparation of an experimental campaign aiming to understand the formation of plasma jets in table-top pulsed power X-pinch devices. Two state-of-the-art magneto-hydro-dynamic codes, GORGON and PLUTO, are used to simulate the evolution of the plasma and describe its key dynamic features. GORGON and PLUTO are built on different approximation schemes and the simulation results obtained are discussed and analyzed in relation to the physics adopted by each code. Both codes manage to accurately handle the numerical demands of the X-pinch plasma evolution and provide precise details on the mechanisms of the plasma expansion, the jet-formation, and the pinch generation. Furthermore, the influence of electrical resistivity, radiation transport and optically thin losses on the dynamic behaviour of the simulated X-pinch produced plasma is studied in PLUTO. Our findings highlight the capabilities of the GORGON and PLUTO codes in simulating the wide range of plasma conditions found in X-pinch experiments, enabling a direct comparison to the scheduled experiments. © 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Published
2022

15. Carbon fiber bouzouki design

Author

Brezas, S., primary, Katsipis, M., additional, Orphanos, Y., additional, Kaselouris, E., additional, Kehrakos, K., additional, Kefaloyannis, N., additional, Papadaki, H., additional, Sarantis-Karamesinis, A., additional, Petrakis, S., additional, Theodorakis, I., additional, Iliadis, E., additional, Karagkounidis, T., additional, Koumantos, I., additional, Tatarakis, M., additional, Bakarezos, M., additional, Papadogiannis, N.A., additional, and Dimitriou, V., additional

Published
2022
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17. High performance simulations of a single X-pinch

Author

Skoulakis, A, primary, Koundourakis, G, additional, Ciardi, A, additional, Kaselouris, E, additional, Fitilis, I, additional, Chatzakis, J, additional, Bakarezos, M, additional, Vlahakis, N, additional, Papadogiannis, N A, additional, Tatarakis, M, additional, and Dimitriou, V, additional

Published
2021
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19. A numerical study on laboratory plasma dynamics validated by low current x-pinch experiments

Author

Koundourakis, G. Skoulakis, A. Kaselouris, E. Fitilis, I. Clark, E.L. Chatzakis, J. Bakarezos, M. Vlahakis, N. Papadogiannis, N.A. Dimitriou, V. Tatarakis, M.

Abstract

The computational study of x-pinch plasmas driven by pulsed power generators demands the development of advanced numerical models and simulation schemes, able to enlighten the experiments. The capabilities of PLUTO code are here extended to enable the investigation of low current produced x-pinch plasmas. The numerical modules of the code used and modified are presented and discussed. The simulations results are compared to experiments, carried out on a table-top pulsed power plasma generator implemented in a mode of producing a peak current of ~45 kA with a rise time (10%–90%) of 50 ns, loaded with Tungsten wires. The structural evolution of plasma density is studied and its influence on the magnetic field is analyzed with the help of the new simulation data. The simulated areal mass density is compared with the experimentally measured dense opaque region to enlighten the dense plasma evolution. In addition, the measured areal electron density is compared to the simulation results. Moreover, the new simulation data offer valuable insights to the main jet formation mechanisms, which are further analyzed and discussed in relation to the influence of the J × B force and the momentum. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd Printed in the UK

Published
2020

24. High-intensity laser-driven secondary radiation sources using the ZEUS 45 TW laser system at the Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers of the Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre

Author

Clark, E. L., primary, Grigoriadis, A., additional, Petrakis, S., additional, Tazes, I., additional, Andrianaki, G., additional, Skoulakis, A., additional, Orphanos, Y., additional, Kaselouris, E., additional, Fitilis, I., additional, Chatzakis, J., additional, Bakarezos, E., additional, Dimitriou, V., additional, Benis, E. P., additional, Papadogiannis, N. A., additional, and Tatarakis, M., additional

Published
2021
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32. Studies of the fast ignition route to inertial confinement fusion at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Author

Norreys, P.A, Bakarezos, M, Barringer, L, Borghesi, M, Beg, F.N, Bell, A.R, Castro-Colins, M, Chambers, D, Dangor, A.E, Danson, C.N, Djaoui, A, Fews, A.P, Galliard, R, Gibbon, P, Gizzi, L, Glinsky, M.E, Hammel, B.A, Key, M.H, Lee, P, Loukakos, P, MacKinnon, A.J, Meyer, C, Meyer-ter-Vehn, J, Moustaizis, S, Preston, S.G, Pukhov, A, Rose, S.J, Tatarakis, M, Wark, J.S, Willi, O, Zepf, M, and Zhang, J

Published
1999
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34. Laboratory measurements of 0.7 GG magnetic fields generated during high-intensity laser interactions with dense plasmas

Author

Wagner, U, Tatarakis, M, Gopal, A, Bee, FN, Clark, EL, Dangor, AE, Evans, RG, Haines, MG, Mangles, SPD, Norreys, PA, Wei, M-S, Zepf, M, and Krushelnick, K

Abstract

Measurements of ultrahigh magnetic fields produced during intense laser interaction with solids were presented. Polarization measurements of high-order laser harmonics suggest the existence of magnetic field strengths of 0.7±0.1 GG. It was found that denser regions of the plasma can be probed using higher order harmonics. The technique was found to be useful for the measurements of multi-GG level magnetic fields.

Published
2016
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38. Ultrahigh-Intensity Laser-Produced Plasmas as a Compact Heavy Ion Injection Source

Author

Krushelnick, K., Clark, E. L., Allott, R., Beg, F. N., Danson, C. N., Machacek, A., Malka, V., Najmudin, Z., Neely, D., Norreys, P. A., Salvati, M. R., Santala, M. I. K., Tatarakis, M., Watts, I., Zepf, M., and Dangor, A. E.

Subjects
Heavy ions -- Research, Ion accelerators -- Research, Laser-plasma interactions -- Research, Laser plasmas -- Research, Proton beams -- Research, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The possibility of using high-intensity laser-produced plasmas as a source of energetic ions for heavy ion accelerators is addressed. Experiments have shown that neon ions greater than 6 MeV can be produced from gas jet plasmas, and well-collimated proton beams greater than 20 MeV have been produced from high-intensity laser solid interactions. The proton beams from the back of thin targets appear to be more collimated and reproducible than are high-energy ions generated in the ablated plasma at the front of the target and may be more suitable for ion injection applications. Lead ions have been produced at energies up to 430 MeV. Index Terms--Heavy ion accelerators, ion accelerators, ion source, laser-plasma interactions.

Published
2000

39. Measurement of Forward Raman Scattering and Electron Acceleration from High-Intensity Laser--Plasma Interactions at 527 nm

Author

Najmudin, Z., Allott, R., Amiranoff, F., Clark, E. L., Danson, C. N., Gordon, Daniel F., Joshi, C., Krushelnick, K., Malka, V., Neely, D., Salvati, M. R., Santala, M. I. K., Tatarakis, M., and Dangor, A. E.

Subjects
Laser-plasma interactions -- Measurement, Raman effect -- Measurement, Electron accelerators -- Usage, Plasma waves -- Analysis, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

High-intensity laser-plasma interaction experiments were performed using high-power laser pulses (greater than 8 TW) at a wavelength of 527 nm. These pulses were focused to intensity greater than [10.sup.18] W/[cm.sup.2] into underdense helium plasma at a density of [n.sub.e] [is less than or equal to] 5 x [10.sup.19] [cm.sup.-3]. Systematic examination of the forward Raman scattering instability was performed by measuring the spectrum of the forward scattered light. It was found that the three-wave instability occurs first, which then proceeds to a nonlinear regime involving four-wave processes. Measurements of the accelerated electron spectrum suggest that higher phase velocity plasma waves are generated than when using lower frequency light. Index Terms--Electron accelerator, electromagnetic scattering by plasma media, plasma waves.

Published
2000

41. Role of broadband-laser-pulse temporal extent in H-2(+) photodissociation

Author

Benis, E. P., Bakarezos, M., Papadogiannis, N. A., Tatarakis, M., Divanis, S., Broin, C. O., and Nikolopoulos, L. A. A.

Subjects
diatomic-molecules, spectra, ionization, intense, splines, dynamics, dissociation, bond, fields
Abstract

Molecular hydrogen ion (H-2(+)) dissociation paths of bond softening (BS) and above threshold dissociation (ATD) are investigated exploiting few-cycle chirped laser pulses. 7-fs laser pulses are temporally broadened in a controlled way by the imposed positive chirp covering the range 7-55 fs. The dissociation of the H-2(+) molecules via the BS and ATD paths is then systematically monitored as a function of the pulses duration in conditions of equal H-2(+) yield. The experimental data showdistinctive characteristics both in the energy dissociation spectral structure as well as in the yield as the pulse duration broadens. The interpretation of our experimental findings is supported by ab initio calculations based on the H-2(+) dissociation time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE) in a strong laser field, thus shedding light into the details of the underlying dissociation dynamics involving few-cycle pulses. The results are also analyzed within the Floquet picture discussing certain limits of its applicability. Finally, our experimental findings show strong molecular alignment for durations longer than 20 fs. Physical Review A

Published
2012

42. Efficient Control of Quantum Paths via Dual-Gas High-Harmonic Generation

Author

Willner, A., Tavella, F., Hu, W., Rossbach, J., Drescher, M., Yakovlev, V. S., Papadogiannis, N. A., Tatarakis, M., Dromey, B., Zepf, M., Yeung, M., Dzelzainis, T., Kamperidis, C., Bakarezos, M., Adams, D., Schulz, M., Riedel, R., and Hoffmann, M. C.

Subjects
ddc:540
Abstract

The accurate control of the relative phase of multiple distinct sources of radiation produced by high harmonic generation is of central importance in the continued development of coherent extreme UV (XUV) and attosecond sources. Here, we present a novel approach which allows extremely accurate phase control between multiple sources of high harmonic radiation generated within the Rayleigh range of a single-femtosecond laser pulse using a dual-gas, multi-jet array. Fully ionized hydrogen acts as a purely passive medium and allows highly accurate control of the relative phase between each harmonic source. Consequently, this method allows quantum path selection and rapid signal growth via the full coherent superposition of multiple HHG sources (the so-called quasi-phase-matching). Numerical simulations elucidate the complex interplay between the distinct quantum paths observed in our proof-of-principle experiments.

Published
2011
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46. HiPER : technical background and conceptual design report 2007

Author

Dunne, AM, Alexander, N, Amiranoff, F, Auger, P, Atzeni, S, Azechi, H, Bagnoud, V, Balcou, P, Badziak, J, Batani, D, Bellei, C, Besnard, D, Bingham, Robert, Breil, J, Borghesi, M, Borneis, S, Caruso, A, Chanteloup, JC, Clarke, RJ, Collier, JL, Davies, Dufour, J-P, Estrailler, P, Evans, RL, Fajardo, M, Fedosejevs, R, Figueria, G, Fils, J, Feugeas, JL, Galimberti, M, Gauthier, J-C, Giulietti, A, Gizzi, LA, Goodin, D, Gregori, G, Gus'kov, S, Hallo, L, Hermandez-Gomez, C, Hoffman, D, Honrubia, J, Jacquemot, S, Key, M H, Kilkenny, J, Kingham, R, Koenig, M, Kovacs, F, McEvoy, A, McKenna, P, Mendonca, J T, Meyer-Ter-Vehn, J, Mima, K, Morou, G, Moustazis, S, Najmudin, Z, Nickles, P, Neely, D, Norreys, P A, Olazabal, M, Offenberger, A, Papodogianis, N, Perlado, JM, Ramirez, J, Ramis, R, Rhee, Y, Ribeyre, X, Robinson, APL, Rohlena, K, Rose, S, Roth, M, Rouyer, C, Rulliere, C, Rus, B, Sandner, W, Schiavi, A, Schurtz, G, Sergeev, A, Sherlock, M, Silva, L, Smith, R, Sorasio, G, Strangio, C, Takabe, H, Tatarakis, M, Tikhonchuk, V, Tolley, M, Vaselli, M, Velarde, P, Winstone, TB, Witte, K, Wolowski, J, Woolsey, N, Wyborn, B E, Zepf, M, and Zhang, J

Published
2007
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47. Ultra-high-intensity laser propagation through underdense plasma

Author

Najmudin, Z., Tatarakis, M., Krushelnick, K., Clark, E.L., Malka, V., Faure, J., and Dangor, A.E.

Subjects
Laser plasmas -- Research, Raman effect -- Analysis, Wave propagation -- Analysis, Business, Chemistry, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Picosecond resolution shadowgraphy is a powerful tool for measurement of high-intensity laser propagation instabilities through underdense plasma. It is shown that as the plasma density increases, the laser beam is subject to severe filamentation instabilities--likely due to the effect of stimulated Raman side-scattering. At higher plasma densities, scattering and absorption are so severe that the propagation distance of the high intensity laser pulse is reduced. Index Terms--Intense laser plasma.

Published
2002

48. High energy conversion efficiency in laser-proton acceleration by controlling laser-energy deposition onto thin foil targets

Author

Brenner, C. M., primary, Robinson, A. P. L., additional, Markey, K., additional, Scott, R. H. H., additional, Gray, R. J., additional, Rosinski, M., additional, Deppert, O., additional, Badziak, J., additional, Batani, D., additional, Davies, J. R., additional, Hassan, S. M., additional, Lancaster, K. L., additional, Li, K., additional, Musgrave, I. O., additional, Norreys, P. A., additional, Pasley, J., additional, Roth, M., additional, Schlenvoigt, H.-P., additional, Spindloe, C., additional, Tatarakis, M., additional, Winstone, T., additional, Wolowski, J., additional, Wyatt, D., additional, McKenna, P., additional, and Neely, D., additional

Published
2014
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49. A PORTABLE PULSED NEUTRON GENERATOR

Author

SKOULAKIS, A., primary, ANDROULAKIS, G. C., additional, CLARK, E. L., additional, HASSAN, S. M., additional, LEE, P., additional, CHATZAKIS, J., additional, BAKAREZOS, M., additional, DIMITRIOU, V., additional, PETRIDIS, C., additional, PAPADOGIANNIS, N. A., additional, and TATARAKIS, M., additional

Published
2014
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50. The production of high-energy electrons from the interaction of an intense laser pulse with an underdense plasma

Author

Najmudin, Z., Krushelnick, K., Clark, E. L., Colling, D.J., Tatarakis, M., Modena, A., Dangor, A.E., Faure, Jérôme, Malka, Victor, Gordon, D., Joshi, C., Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Laboratoire pour l'utilisation des lasers intenses (LULI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'optique appliquée (LOA), École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA Paris)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and University of California-University of California

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Physics::Plasma Physics, Physics::Atomic Physics
Abstract

International audience; The interaction of an intense laser pulse (intensity, greater than 10^19 Wcm^-2) has been studied with underdense deuterium plasmas. The laser pulse is found to be self-modulated at the plasma frequency by the Raman forward-scatter instability. Wave breaking of the resulting plasma wave causes high-energy electrons to be accelerated beyond 100MeV.

Published
2003
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