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1. An economic and econometric study of the response of agricultural investment to economic shocks in Iraq for the period [2004q1-2020q4]

Author

Najlaa Madlul, Hadeel F. Hameed, Tasnim S. Yaseen, and Muhammad A. Sulaiman

Subjects
Agriculture
Abstract

This manuscript aims to identify the relative importance of monetary and fiscal policies on the value of agricultural investment in Iraq, using Vector Error Correction Model [VECM], the impulse response function [IFC], and analysis of variance [VDCs] and applying it using quarterly data for the period 2004q1-2020q4, the most important results that the fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq has a crucial role for agricultural investment as the main tool through which the country's oil wealth is transformed into economic results and distributed for the benefit of its population, but the volatility of oil revenues poses a challenge to fiscal policy in preventing the transformation of revenue volatility into fluctuations in public spending that could Destabilize the economy and reduce the efficiency of government spending, the research recommended :Diversifying the base of the Iraqi economy, which depends mainly at the present time on oil revenues, and creating an economy characterized by a gradual increase in the proportions of the contribution of other economic sectors in the formation of the gross domestic product, especially the agricultural sector, which adds cumulative values to the gross domestic product and constitutes a variety of financing sources for the budget and adopting early warning programs in the agricultural sector to respond to the problems resulting from these shocks at the lowest economic cost.

Published
2023
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2. Intrauterine Limb Ischemia in Patient Heterozygous for the 677C>T) RS1801133 (Polymorphism of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase MTHR Gene

Author

Ahmad Al Hammouri, Rami A. Misk, Hamza Abumunshar, Fawzy M. Abunejma, Tasnim S. Idrees, Mahmoud Abu Arqoub, Deiaa Malhis, Abdullah Shroof, and Tareq Z. Alzughayyar

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Background. Intrauterine arterial thrombosis is extremely rare. Multiple inherited coagulopathies were found to be associated with thrombophilia and an increased risk of intrauterine arterial thrombosis. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR (C667T) polymorphism was found to be associated with mild hyper-homocysteinemia, which, in turn, can promote thrombotic complications. Materials and Methods. We reported a case of intrauterine upper limb ischemia in a neonate who was found to be heterozygous for the 677C > T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene despite the dispute regarding its clinical significance as a risk of arterial thrombosis. We also reviewed the literature and summarized the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of similar cases. Case Presentation. We reported a full-term female, born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery who was found to have a swollen, blue left upper limb in the delivery room. Left upper limb computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed left subclavian artery thrombosis. Investigations for the risk revealed heterozygosity for the MTHFR (C667T) polymorphism. Left upper limb amputation was done after the failure of medical management. Conclusion. Despite the conflict about whether heterozygosity for MTHFR (C667T) polymorphism increases the risk of arterial thrombosis or not, there are few cases in the literature presented with intrauterine upper limb ischemia and were found to be heterozygous for the mutation. We recommend investigating neonates and their parents for complete thrombophilia mutations when they present with unusual vascular occlusion sites as newborns.

Published
2022
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3. Orthosteric and Allosteric Ligands of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors for Smoking Cessation

Author

Tasnim S. Mohamed, Selwyn S. Jayakar, and Ayman K Hamouda

Subjects
Smoking Cessation, Drug Development, nicotine addiction, positive allosteric modulator, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Nicotine addiction, the result of tobacco use, leads to over six million premature deaths world-wide, a number that is expected to increase by a third within the next two decades. While more than half of smokers want and attempt to quit, only a small percentage of smokers are able to quit without pharmacological interventions. Therefore, over the past decades, researchers in academia and the pharmaceutical industry have focused their attention on the development of more effective smoking cessation therapies, which is now a growing 1.9 billion dollar market. Because the role of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in nicotine addiction is well established, nAChR based therapeutics remain the leading strategy for smoking cessation. However, the development of neuronal nAChR drugs that are selective for a nAChR subpopulation is challenging, and only few neuronal nAChR drugs are clinically available. Among the many neuronal nAChR subtypes that have been identified in the brain, the α4β2 subtype is the most abundant and plays a critical role in nicotine addiction. Here, we review the role of neuronal nAChRs, especially the α4β2 subtype, in the development and treatment of nicotine addiction. We also compare available smoking cessation medications and other nAChR orthosteric and allosteric ligands that have been developed with emphasis on the difficulties faced in the development of clinically useful compounds with high nAChR subtype selectivity.

Published
2015
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4. Mapping Magnetic Field Lines for an Accelerating Solar Wind

Author

Tasnim, S., Cairns, Iver H., Li, B., and Wheatland, M. S.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Mapping of magnetic field lines is important for studies of the solar wind and the sources and propagation of energetic particles between the Sun and observers. A recently developed mapping approach is generalised to use a more advanced solar wind model that includes the effects of solar wind acceleration, non-radial intrinsic magnetic fields and flows at the source surface/inner boundary, and conservation of angular momentum. The field lines are mapped by stepping along local magnetic field $\bm{B}$ and via a Runge-Kutta algorithm, leading to essentially identical maps. The new model's maps for Carrington rotation CR 1895 near solar minimum (19 April to 15 May 1995) and a solar rotation between CR 2145 and CR 2146 near solar maximum (14 January to 9 February 2014) are compared with the published maps for a constant solar wind model. The two maps are very similar on a large scale near both solar minimum and solar maximum, meaning that the field line orientations, winding angles, and connectivity generally agree very well. However, close inspection shows that the field lines have notable small-scale structural differences. An interpretation is that inclusion of the acceleration and intrinsic azimuthal velocity has significant effects on the local structure of the magnetic field lines. Interestingly, the field lines are more azimuthal for the accelerating solar wind model for both intervals. In addition, predictions for the pitch angle distributions (PADs) for suprathermal electrons agree at the $90$ -- $95\%$ level with observations for both solar wind models for both intervals.

Published
2019
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23. Lebanese medical students’ attitudes towards patient safety and medical error disclosure: A cross-sectional study

Author

Nadia Koleilat, Tasnim Saadieh, Tala El Arwadi, Assile Abbas, Rawan Demachkie, Noha El Masri, Alaa Al Jishi, Ranim Mawlawi, Ranim El Masri, Walid Moety, Hind Choukeir, and Abdallah Chamsedine

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective To assess Lebanese medical students’ attitudes towards patient safety and medical error disclosure. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving medical students from seven different medical schools in Lebanon. The participants completed the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire (APSQ-III) online, which consists of 26 items across nine key patient safety domains. Items were scored from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Demographic data were also collected. Results Of the 549 students enrolled in the study, 325 (59%) were female and 224 (41%) were male. More than half (287, 52%) were aged between 20 and 22 years and 95% were Lebanese. The overall attitude of students towards patient safety was positive (3.59 ± 0.85) with the most positive attitudes in the domains of ‘ Team functioning’ followed by ‘ Working hours as an error cause’ . More positive attitudes were perceived among male students in the domains of ‘ Professional incompetence as an error cause’ and ‘ Disclosure responsibility’ whereas more positive attitudes were seen in female students in the domain of ‘ Working hour as an error cause’ . Older medical students had more positive attitudes in the domain of ‘ Team functioning’ than younger students. Conclusion Medical students in Lebanon had an overall positive attitude towards patient safety. These findings may be used to guide improvements in patient safety education and enhance patient-centred care in medical institutions in Lebanon.

Published
2024
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26. Does globalization escalate the carbon emissions? Empirical evidence from selected next-11 countries

Author

Tasnim Sultana, Md. Shaddam Hossain, Liton Chandra Voumik, and Asif Raihan

Subjects
Globalization, CO2 emission, Environment, Next-11, Renewable energy consumption, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

Adverse consequences are observed in developing countries due to the impact of the globalization process. Therefore, our study aims to empirically verify whether globalization escalates carbon dioxide emissions in selected N-11 (next-11) countries between 1990 and 2019. The study also analyzes how per capita GDP, per capita GDP2, population growth, and renewable energy consumption affect carbon emissions. For this reason, the researchers used several econometric methods, including the slope homogeneity test, the cross-sectional dependency test, the panel unit root test, the panel cointegration test, the method of moment’s panel quantile regression analysis, and the Wald test. The estimated results of panel quantile regression show how carbon emissions change across a range of quantiles (0.1 to 0.9). The findings show that per capita GDP significantly impacts the overabundance of carbon emissions in N-11 countries. Over time, the study found that the positive coefficient value of per capita GDP decreased from the first to the last (7.41 to 5.87), leading to the validation of the EKC hypothesis. The adverse correlation between per capita GDP2 and environmental contamination confirms that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is valid for selected N-11 countries. Globalization deteriorates the environment by directly affecting CO2 emissions. It increases monotonically from the lower quantile to the upper quantile (0.972 to 1.002). At the quantile level of 0.1 to 0.9, population growth and renewable energy consumption increase impede carbon dioxide emissions in these selected countries. Coefficient values in the quantile 0.1 to 0.9 (-0.35 to -0.53) suggest that governments can reduce carbon emissions more due to renewable energy consumption over time. But the negative coefficient values of the population (-0.97, -0.93, -0.90, -0.88, -0.86, -0.85, -0.83, -0.81, and -0.77) decrease from the lower quantile to the upper quantile. The Wald test supports the asymmetric effects of different quantiles. As a robustness check of estimators, the study used FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR, which show the variables’ long-run elasticity. The research developed targeted policy recommendations for sustainably mitigating carbon emissions based on the above results.

Published
2023
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27. Unraveling amino acid residues critical for allosteric potentiation of (α4)3(β2)2-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor responses

Author

Tasnim S. Mohamed, Farah Deba, Kara Ramos, Ayman K. Hamouda, Ze-Jun Wang, and David C. Chiara

Subjects
Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Agonist, Patch-Clamp Techniques, Protein Conformation, Pyridines, medicine.drug_class, Allosteric regulation, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Receptors, Nicotinic, Ligands, Biochemistry, Indole Alkaloids, Xenopus laevis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neurobiology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, Nicotinic Agonists, Binding site, Molecular Biology, Ion channel, Acetylcholine receptor, Oxadiazoles, Chemistry, Long-term potentiation, Isoxazoles, Cell Biology, Recombinant Proteins, Hydrocarbons, Brominated, Molecular Docking Simulation, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, 030104 developmental biology, Nicotinic agonist, Amino Acid Substitution, Structural Homology, Protein, Oocytes, Pyrazoles, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are promising drug targets to manage several neurological disorders and nicotine addiction. Growing evidence indicates that positive allosteric modulators of nAChRs improve pharmacological specificity by binding to unique sites present only in a subpopulation of nAChRs. Furthermore, nAChR positive allosteric modulators such as NS9283 and CMPI have been shown to potentiate responses of (α4)3(β2)2 but not (α4)2(β2)3 nAChR isoforms. This selective potentiation underlines that the α4:α4 interface, which is present only in the (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR, is an important and promising drug target. In this report we used site-directed mutagenesis to substitute specific amino acid residues and computational analyses to elucidate CMPI's binding mode at the α4:α4 subunit extracellular interface and identified a unique set of amino acid residues that determined its affinity. We found that amino acid residues α4Gly-41, α4Lys-64, and α4Thr-66 were critical for (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR potentiation by CMPI, but not by NS9283, whereas amino acid substitution at α4His-116, a known determinant of NS9283 and of agonist binding at the α4:α4 subunit interface, did not reduce CMPI potentiation. In contrast, substitutions at α4Gln-124 and α4Thr-126 reduced potentiation by CMPI and NS9283, indicating that their binding sites partially overlap. These results delineate the role of amino acid residues contributing to the α4:α4 subunit extracellular interface in nAChR potentiation. These findings also provide structural information that will facilitate the structure-based design of novel therapeutics that target selectively the (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR.

Published
2017

31. Mechanical performance of modified cement paste made with micro-fine POFA in ammonium nitrate environment

Author

Tasnim, S., Rahman, Muhammad, Ahmadi, R., Tasnim, S., Rahman, Muhammad, and Ahmadi, R.

Abstract

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd An experimental study was conducted on modified cement paste cubes in ammonium nitrate solution. The modified cement paste was made using micro-fine palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as partial cement replacement. Compressive strength, Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test were carried out. The 50 mm cubes were cast containing 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of POFA as cement replacement using constant water to cement ratio of 0.4. After 28 days of water curing, 50% of samples were immersed in 20% ammonium nitrate solution and the rest of samples were kept in room temperature. It was observed that, samples replaced with 20% POFA had the highest compressive strength in ammonium nitrate solution. In addition to that, it was also observed through EDX and SEM analysis that cement replaced with 20% POFA had lower Ca/Si ratio and there were more C-S-H structures in the modified cement paste in ammonium nitrate solution. Lower Ca/Si ratio and more C-S-H structures is an indication of higher pozzolanic reactions in the paste.

Published
2018

32. Democracy, green energy, trade, and environmental progress in South Asia: Advanced quantile regression perspective

Author

Tasnim Sultana, Md Shaddam Hossain, Liton Chandra Voumik, and Asif Raihan

Subjects
Environmental degradation, Green energy, Democracy, STIRPAT model, Quantile regression, South Asia, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Unquestionably, the industrial revolution of the twenty-first century contributes to global warming. Excessive amounts of carbon emissions into the atmosphere are responsible for global warming. Therefore, this research aims to assess the impact of GDP, green energy consumption, population, trade openness, and democracy on CO2 emissions in four selected South Asian countries from 1990 to 2019. This research also attempts to evaluate the EKC hypothesis in terms of economic growth (GDP2). The unit root of panel data and cointegration tests are executed in this study as a prelude to the regression analysis. Quantile regression for panel data, which (Powell, 2016) devised to deal with the fixed effect problem, is used in this study, and (Powell, 2016) empirical findings are the main focus. The estimated coefficient of GDP is positively significant, demonstrating that economic activity increases the burning of fossil fuels and upsurges atmospheric CO2 emissions. After attaining economic development, the reversed U-shaped EKC theory is valid for four selected South Asian countries. Economic development encourages these countries to use green technology, which helps mitigate CO2 emissions. The research, however, reveals that green energy is to blame for CO2 emissions. Burning biomass releases carbon dioxide that negatively impacts the quality of the environment. The study confirms that human activities are the leading contributor to environmental deterioration. Population growth has a worsening effect on the environment. The association between population and CO2 emissions is positively significant. The estimated coefficient of trade openness is positive, which increases CO2 emissions significantly. The estimated coefficient of democracy is quite negative. Therefore, this study suggests prioritizing democracy to reduce CO2 emissions. Citizens who live in democracies are better informed, more organized, and able to protest, all of which contribute to increased government responsiveness to environmental preservation. The results of the Wald test support the differential effects at various quantiles. The Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) panel causality tests are also used in this analysis to check causality between variables. Based on the findings, this research makes many policy suggestions for lowering carbon emissions.

Published
2023
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34. Medicinal waterbirds in the traditional healthcare system: an assessment of biodiversity–cultural linkages in Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Author

Qaisar Rahman, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem, Muhammad Umair, Muhammad Altaf, Jian Ni, Arshad Mahmood Abbasi, Muhammad Azhar Jameel, Andrea Pieroni, Muhammad Haroon Hamed, Sana Ashraf, and Tasnim Sadaf

Subjects
Ethno-ornithology, Waterbirds, Pakistan, Principal component analysis, Chord diagram, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Abstract Background Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is home to a vast range of medicinal and edible waterbird species due to its diverse geographical environment. Waterbird species have been used for various ailments and cultural practices since ancient times, while ethno-pharmacological applications and cultural uses of waterbird species in this area have seldom been documented. This study is the first ethnomedicinal and cultural assessment of waterbird species, and the first compilation and listing of all known data on these species in Eastern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data from native respondents (N = 100). To analyze the data, principal component analysis (PCA), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL%), relative popularity level (RPL), rank order priority, and similarity index were used. Results In total, 64 waterbird species were utilized in cultural practices, of which 40 species are used to cure different infectious and chronic diseases such as cold, cough, flu, fever, respiratory disorders, asthma, TB, gastric ulcers, kidney stones, male impotency, obesity, paralysis, piles, cancer, arthritis, body pain, and weakness. PCA showed significant differences in the use of waterbird species among the local inhabitants of the study area, separated along the axis-2 (p

Published
2022
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36. Epithelial cells sense local stiffness via Piezo1 mediated cytoskeletal reorganization

Author

Deekshitha Jetta, Tasnim Shireen, and Susan Z. Hua

Subjects
Piezo1 channels, ECM stiffness, mechanobiology, MDCK cells, focal adhesions, epithelial remolding, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Local substrate stiffness is one of the major mechanical inputs for tissue organization during its development and remodeling. It is widely recognized that adherent cells use transmembrane proteins (integrins) at focal adhesions to translate ECM mechanical cues into intracellular bioprocess. Here we show that epithelial cells respond to substrate stiffening primarily via actin cytoskeleton organization, that requires activation of mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels. Piezo1 Knockdown cells eliminated the actin stress fibers that formed on stiff substrates, while it had minimal effect on cell morphology and spreading area. Inhibition of Piezo1 channels with GsMTx4 also significantly reduced stiffness-induced F-actin reorganization, suggesting Piezo1 mediated cation current plays a role. Activation of Piezo1 channels with specific agonist (Yoda1) resulted in thickening of F-actin fibers and enlargement of FAs on stiffer substrates, whereas it did not affect the formation of nascent FAs that facilitate spreading on the soft substrates. These results demonstrate that Piezo1 functions as a force sensor that couples with actin cytoskeleton to distinguish the substrate stiffness and facilitate epithelial adaptive remodeling.

Published
2023
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39. Adherence to inhalers and associated factors among adult asthma patients: an outpatient-based study in a tertiary hospital of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Author

Md. Abdur Rafi, Chowdhury Ibtida Tahmin, Symom Tashrik, Atia Sharmin Bonna, Ferdousy Jannat, Sabrina Jahan Mily, Abhigan Babu Shrestha, Senjuti Seemanta, Afsana Rashid, Mosarrat Mahjabeen, Nurunnahar Nura, Tasnim Shahriar, Ashrafur Rahaman Mahadi, Kawser Ahmed, Mohammad Jahid Hasan, Md. Azizul Haque, and Md. Golam Hossain

Subjects
Asthma, Inhaler, Adherence, Obstructive lung disease, Anti-asthmatic agents, Medication nonadherence, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background Adherence to inhaler medication is an important contributor to optimum asthma control along with adequate pharmacotherapy. The objective of the present study was to assess self-reported adherence levels and to identify the potential factors associated with non-adherence to the inhalers among asthma patients. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the medicine outpatient department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from November 2020 to January 2021. A total of 357 clinically confirmed adult asthma patients were interviewed. Inhaler adherence was measured using the 10-item Test of Adherence scale (TAI).. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to express the socio-demographic of the patients and predictors of poor adherence to inhaler. Results A substantial number of participants were non-adherent (86%) to inhaler medication. Patients non-adherent to inhaler medication are often younger (23.15, 95% CI 3.67–146.08), lived in the rural area (23.28, 95% CI 2.43–222.66), less year of schooling (5.69, 95% CI 1.27–25.44), and belonged to the middle income (aOR 9.74, 95% CI 2.11–44.9) than those adherent with the inhaler. The presence of comorbidities (12.91, 95% CI 1.41–117.61), prolonged duration of inhaler intake (5.69, 95% CI 1.22–26.49), consulting non-qualified practitioners (13.09, 95% CI 3.10–55.26) were the significant contributor of non-adherence. Conclusion Despite ongoing motivation and treatment, non-adherence to inhalation anti-asthmatic is high and several factors have been found to contribute. Regular monitoring and a guided patient-centered self-management approach might be helpful to address them in long run.

Published
2022
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41. Dissecting the Inhibitory and Potentiation Effects of Desformylflustrabromine on a Muscle-Type Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (NACHR)

Author

Tiffany R. Trevino, Ayman K. Hamouda, Tasnim S. Mohamed, and Ze-Jun Wang

Subjects
Agonist, Chemistry, medicine.drug_class, Stereochemistry, Voltage clamp, Biophysics, law.invention, Serine, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, Desformylflustrabromine, medicine, Binding site, Torpedo, Ion channel
Abstract

Desformylflustrabromine (dFBr) potentiates 4β2 nAChR in vitro (Kim et al. 2007, Biorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 17: 4855) and reduces nicotine self-administration in vivo (Liu 2013; Psychopharmacology 230: 203). We have reported that dFBr is a potent inhibitor (IC50, ∼1 M) of human (Hα12β1eδ) and Torpedo (Tα12β1γδ) muscle-type nAChRs. We also found, using [3H]dFBr reversible binding and dFBr displacement of [3H]PCP binding, that dFBr binds with high affinity to the muscle-type nAChRs ion channel in the desensitized state. But, when we photolabeled nAChR-rich Torpedo membranes with [3H]dFBr in the presence of agonist, four dFBr binding sites were evident. [3H]dFBr photolabeled amino acids in the ion channel and in three binding sites within the extracellular domain previously identified for nAChRs PAMs galanthamine and physostigmine. The high affinity binding of dFBr in the ion channel precludes the ability to study the functional contribution of dFBr binding within the extracellular domain and to determine whether dFBr acts as inhibitor or potentiator at these sites. Therefore, we are introducing mutations in the muscle-type nAChR ion channel M2 helices to eliminate the channel blocking effect of dFBr. The effect of M2 mutations on the EC50 of ACh and on dFBr inhibition of muscle-type nAChR were examined using two-electrode voltage clamp recording. Serine substitutions of the leucine at M2-9 of each nAChR subunit decreased dFBr IC50 compared with wild-type, consistent with an open channel blocking mechanism. This results confirm our [3H]dFBr the photolabeling results demonstrating that dFBr binds within the ion channel in close proximity to M2-9. The effects of other substitutions at M2-9 and at other positions in the M2 helices on dFBr inhibition of muscle-type nAChR are being tested.

Published
2015
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42. Behavioral economic implementation strategies to improve serious illness communication between clinicians and high-risk patients with cancer: protocol for a cluster randomized pragmatic trial

Author

Samuel U. Takvorian, Justin Bekelman, Rinad S. Beidas, Robert Schnoll, Alicia B. W. Clifton, Tasnim Salam, Peter Gabriel, E. Paul Wileyto, Callie A. Scott, David A. Asch, Alison M. Buttenheim, Katharine A. Rendle, Krisda Chaiyachati, Rachel C. Shelton, Sue Ware, Corey Chivers, Lynn M. Schuchter, Pallavi Kumar, Lawrence N. Shulman, Nina O’Connor, Adina Lieberman, Kelly Zentgraf, and Ravi B. Parikh

Subjects
Serious illness conversation, Advanced care planning, End-of-life cancer care, Pragmatic trials, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Serious illness conversations (SICs) are an evidence-based approach to eliciting patients’ values, goals, and care preferences that improve patient outcomes. However, most patients with cancer die without a documented SIC. Clinician-directed implementation strategies informed by behavioral economics (“nudges”) that identify high-risk patients have shown promise in increasing SIC documentation among clinicians. It is unknown whether patient-directed nudges that normalize and prime patients towards SIC completion—either alone or in combination with clinician nudges that additionally compare performance relative to peers—may improve on this approach. Our objective is to test the effect of clinician- and patient-directed nudges as implementation strategies for increasing SIC completion among patients with cancer. Methods We will conduct a 2 × 2 factorial, cluster randomized pragmatic trial to test the effect of nudges to clinicians, patients, or both, compared to usual care, on SIC completion. Participants will include 166 medical and gynecologic oncology clinicians practicing at ten sites within a large academic health system and their approximately 5500 patients at high risk of predicted 6-month mortality based on a validated machine-learning prognostic algorithm. Data will be obtained via the electronic medical record, clinician survey, and semi-structured interviews with clinicians and patients. The primary outcome will be time to SIC documentation among high-risk patients. Secondary outcomes will include time to SIC documentation among all patients (assessing spillover effects), palliative care referral among high-risk patients, and aggressive end-of-life care utilization (composite of chemotherapy within 14 days before death, hospitalization within 30 days before death, or admission to hospice within 3 days before death) among high-risk decedents. We will assess moderators of the effect of implementation strategies and conduct semi-structured interviews with a subset of clinicians and patients to assess contextual factors that shape the effectiveness of nudges with an eye towards health equity. Discussion This will be the first pragmatic trial to evaluate clinician- and patient-directed nudges to promote SIC completion for patients with cancer. We expect the study to yield insights into the effectiveness of clinician and patient nudges as implementation strategies to improve SIC rates, and to uncover multilevel contextual factors that drive response to these strategies. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT04867850 . Registered on April 30, 2021. Funding National Cancer Institute P50CA244690

Published
2021
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43. Impact of urbanization, industrialization, electrification and renewable energy on the environment in BRICS: fresh evidence from novel CS-ARDL model

Author

Liton Chandra Voumik and Tasnim Sultana

Subjects
BRICS, CS-ARDL, Cross-sectional dependence, STIRPAT, Urbanization, Industrialization, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Increased demand for water, energy, infrastructure, and other natural resources has resulted from an increase in anthropocentric activities recently, which has led to climate change, land erosion, pollution growth, and a decline in biodiversity. During the period 1972–2021, the aim of this study is how industrialization, urbanization, and renewable energy affect the environment of five industrialized economies—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS)—implemented. Concerning slope heterogeneity, cross-sectional dependence (CSD), and a mixture of I (0) and I (1) variables, this paper used a fresh panel technique known as cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributive lag (CS-ARDL). When it comes to protecting water, land, and forest resources while also lowering carbon emissions, the estimate of energy, urbanization, electrification, and industrialization is favorably substantial. The findings show that rising industrialization, urbanization, income, and electrification can stimulate environmental degradation. On the other hand, renewable energy in industrialized economies may significantly lessen the environmental degradation in the BRICS region. In the BRICS region recently, urbanization is booming, all countries are expanding industrial zones, and consumption of electricity is skyrocketing. So, this research is very important in the BRICS context. The research also applied an augmented mean group (AMG) to get the impact of all variables on the environment in all BRICS countries. Because of their different economic sizes, public policy, industrial policy, population policy, immigration, and trade policy, the magnitude of impacts and signs of impacts are different. There is some evidence to suggest that renewables may be a panacea for BRICS energy security and environmental deterioration; consequently, boosting alternative energy sources, green urbanization, and environmentally-friendly urbanization should be a part of all governments' energy and environmental plans worldwide. Hence, these countries' decision-makers should re-review their population, energy, urbanization, and industrial policies to adopt a sustainable environment.

Published
2022
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44. Medico-social Profile of Women Experiencing Menopausal Syndrome Attending a Periurban Hospital.

Author

TASNIM, S., HOQUE, F. H. A., and NAZMEEN, S.

Subjects
*MENOPAUSE, *QUALITY of life, *SOCIOCULTURAL factors
Abstract

Women's health is a global concern now a days. Studies on issues relating to menopause is lacking Bangladesh and those been conducted mainly focus on physical and psychological symptoms around the time of menopause. This cross sectional study was done to explore the sociomedical context and nutritional characteristics of a group of women approaching menopause A total 106 women aged 45-60 years attending Gynae outpatient department of a tertiary hospital between March- May, 2013 was interviewed using structured questionnaire after obtaining informed written consent. Height and weight was measured using standardized procedure. Data analysed using SPSS. Mean age was 50.3± 5.3 years, about 75.5% were between 45-50 years, 85.1% had more than 2 children and 72.6% had history of Abortion. Mean age at menopause 44.65 ± 6.4 years, range 32-58 yrs. Mean BMI was 25± 4.2 and 43.4% were overweight or Obese. Chronic illness like hypertension and arthritis was present in (15.09%) and diabetes mellitus in 10.3% . The family relationship with children was good in 78.09%, husband was reported caring in 72.3% and 2.8% receive abusive behavior from husband. Only 8.5% were self earning, 24.5% and & 17.9% were dependent on children and husband respectively. With increasing life expectancy and improvements of health care services there is greater chance of survival for a women beyond menopause. Sociocultural and medical characteristics of midlife women is important to explore their specific health needs. Ensuring quality of life for this special group of women will help to better utilize their potential for development of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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45. Rationale and protocol for a cluster randomized pragmatic clinical trial testing behavioral economic implementation strategies to improve tobacco treatment rates for cancer patients who smoke

Author

Brian P. Jenssen, Robert Schnoll, Rinad Beidas, Justin Bekelman, Anna-Marika Bauer, Callie Scott, Sarah Evers-Casey, Jody Nicoloso, Peter Gabriel, David A. Asch, Alison Buttenheim, Jessica Chen, Julissa Melo, Lawrence N. Shulman, Alicia B. W. Clifton, Adina Lieberman, Tasnim Salam, Kelly Zentgraf, Katharine A. Rendle, Krisda Chaiyachati, Rachel Shelton, E. Paul Wileyto, Sue Ware, and Frank Leone

Subjects
Tobacco use, Tobacco use treatment, Behavioral economics, Electronic health record, Pragmatic trials, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Routine evidence-based tobacco use treatment minimizes cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, reduces treatment-related toxicity, and improves quality of life among patients receiving cancer care. Few cancer centers employ mechanisms to systematically refer patients to evidence-based tobacco cessation services. Implementation strategies informed by behavioral economics can increase tobacco use treatment engagement within oncology care. Methods A four-arm cluster-randomized pragmatic trial will be conducted across nine clinical sites within the Implementation Science Center in Cancer Control Implementation Lab to compare the effect of behavioral economic implementation strategies delivered through embedded messages (or “nudges”) promoting patient engagement with the Tobacco Use Treatment Service (TUTS). Nudges are electronic medical record (EMR)-based messages delivered to patients, clinicians, or both, designed to counteract known patient and clinician biases that reduce treatment engagement. We used rapid cycle approaches (RCA) informed by relevant stakeholder experiences to refine and optimize our implementation strategies and methods prior to trial initiation. Data will be obtained via the EMR, clinician survey, and semi-structured interviews with a subset of clinicians and patients. The primary measure of implementation is penetration, defined as the TUTS referral rate. Secondary outcome measures of implementation include patient treatment engagement (defined as the number of patients who receive FDA-approved medication or behavioral counseling), quit attempts, and abstinence rates. The semi-structured interviews, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, will assess contextual factors and patient and clinician experiences with the nudges. Discussion This study will be the first in the oncology setting to compare the effectiveness of nudges to clinicians and patients, both head-to-head and in combination, as implementation strategies to improve TUTS referral and engagement. We expect the study to (1) yield insights into the effectiveness of nudges as an implementation strategy to improve uptake of evidence-based tobacco use treatment within cancer care, and (2) advance our understanding of the multilevel contextual factors that drive response to these strategies. These results will lay the foundation for how patients with cancer who smoke are best engaged in tobacco use treatment and may lead to future research focused on scaling this approach across diverse centers. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04737031 . Registered 3 February 2021.

Published
2021
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47. Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Author

Stephen R Knight, Catherine A Shaw, Riinu Pius, Thomas M Drake, Lisa Norman, Adesoji O Ademuyiwa, Adewale O Adisa, Maria Lorena Aguilera, Sara W Al-Saqqa, Ibrahim Al-Slaibi, Aneel Bhangu, Bruce M Biccard, Peter Brocklehurst, Ainhoa Costas-Chavarri, Kathryn Chu, Anna Dare, Muhammed Elhadi, Cameron J Fairfield, J Edward Fitzgerald, Dhruv Ghosh, James Glasbey, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, J.C. Allen Ingabire, T Peter Kingham, Marie Carmela Lapitan, Ismaïl Lawani, Bettina Lieske, Richard Lilford, Janet Martin, Kenneth A McLean, Rachel Moore, Dion Morton, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Faustin Ntirenganya, Francesco Pata, Thomas Pinkney, Ahmad Uzair Qureshi, Antonio Ramos-De la Medina, Aya Riad, Hosni Khairy Salem, Joana Simões, Richard Spence, Neil Smart, Stephen Tabiri, Hannah Thomas, Thomas G Weiser, Malcolm West, John Whitaker, Ewen M Harrison, Arben Gjata, Maria Marta Modolo, Sebastian King, Erick Chan, Sayeda Nazmun Nahar, Ade Waterman, Dominique Vervoort, Alemayehu Ginbo Bedada, Bernardo De Azevedo, Ana Gabriela Figueiredo, Manol Sokolov, Venerand Barendegere, Gerald Ekwen, Arnav Agarwal, Qinyang Liu, Juan Camilo Correa, Kalisya Luc Malemo, Jacques Bake, Jakov Mihanovic, Kamila Kunčarová, Julius Orhalmi, Hosni Salem, Jyri Teras, Aristotelis Kechagias, Alexis P Arnaud, Judith Lindert, Vasileios Kalles, Maria-Lorena Aguilera-Arevalo, Gustavo Recinos, Zsolt Baranyai, Basant Kumar, Harish Neelamraju Lakshmi, Sanoop Koshy Zachariah, Philip Alexander, Sunil Kumar Venkatappa, C Pramesh, Radhian Amandito, Christina Fleming, Luca Ansaloni, Gianluca Pellino, Ahmed M. Altibi, Ibrahim Nour, Intisar Hamdun, Ali M. Ghellai, Donatas Venskutonis, Tomas Poskus, Justas Zilinskas, Precious Malemia, Yong Yong Tew, Elaine Borg, Sarah Ellul, fatima Zahraa Wafqui, David W Borowski, Anne Sophie van Dalen, Cameron Wells, Harissou Adamou, Adesoji Ademuyiwa, Adewale Adisa, Kjetil Søreide, Sara Al Saqqa, Osaid Alser, Haya Tahboub, Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse, Sebastian Shu Yip, Piotr Major, António Sampaio Soares, Matei Razvan Bratu, Andrey Litvin, Armen Vardanyan, JC Allen Ingabire, Ahmad Gudal, Naif Albati, Jovan Juloski, Miran Rems, Sarah Rayne, Stephanie Van Straten, Yoshan Moodley, Irene Ortega Vázquez, Jaime Ruiz-Tovar, Kithsiri Janakantha Senanayake, Sujeewa Priyantha Bandara Thalgaspitiya, Omer Abdelbagi Omer, Anmar Homeida, Yucel Cengiz, Daniel Clerc, Muhammad Alshaar, Hanen Bouaziz, Yuksel Altinel, Matthew Doe, Maryna Freigofer, Ella Teasdale, Rakan Kabariti, Joshua Michael Clements, Stephen Richard Knight, Ahsan Ashfaq, Ijeoma Azodo, Gabriela Wagner, Ivan Trostchansky, Mayaba Maimbo, David Linyama, Helidon Nina, Amanda Zeko, Claudio Gabriel Fermani, Santiago Villalobos, Federico Carballo, Pablo Farina, Sebastian Guckenheimer, Marilla Dickfos, Ankit Ajmera, Chester Chong, Ralph Gourlay, Sikandar Hussaini, Yi Jia Lee, Adeeb Majid, Peter Martin, Rebecca Miles, Owen James Morris, Jamie Phua, William Ridley, Tarunpreet Saluja, Ryan Renxin Tan, Jen Teh, Anna Wells, Bharti Arora, Qaasim Dollie, Debbie Ho, Yanru Ma, Omattage Mahasha Perera, Anthony Truong, Amanda Caroline Dawson, Bryan Lim, Upuli Pahalawatta, Jacqueline Phan, Xiao-Ming Sarah Woon-Shoo-Tong, Andrea Yeoh, Lillian Charman, Andrew Drane, Sharon Laura, Charmaine Chu Wen Lo, Amy Mozes, Rita Poon, Hao Han Tan, Ellen Wall, Prakshi Chopra, Jasmine De Giovanni, Bal Dhital, Brian Draganic, Alexander Duller, Jonathan Gani, Yao Kuan Goh, Jun Young Jeong, Brendan McManus, Prakash Nagappan, Peter Pockney, Anya Rugendyke, Mahsa Sarrami, Stephen Smith, Vanessa Wills, Hsu Ven Wong, Geoffrey Ye, Geoffrey Zhang, Ethan Brooker, Daniel Feng, Bonnie Lau, Carlin Ngai, Sarah Birks, David Gyorki, Jaime Otero de Pablos, Ali Abbosh, Chris Gillespie, Ahmed Mahmoud, Bianca Kwan, Joshua Lawson, Andrea Warwick, Janne Bingham, Andrew J Cockbain, Nagendra Naidu Dudi-Venkata, Jordan Ellaby-Hall, Ben Finlay, Emily Humphries, Jade Pisaniello, Monique Pisaniello, Salma Salih, Tarik Sammour, Haidar Hadri Abd Wahab, April De Silva, Nicola Hayward, Kartik Iyer, Guy Maddern, Gian Andrea Prevost, Naga Annapureddy, Krishna Pranathi Settipalli, Jeremy Yeo, Lucy Hempenstall, Lily Pham, Shaun Purcell, Cherry Talavera, Ashish I Vaska, Gurpreet Chaggar, Phillip Chrapko, Annelise Cocco, Sarah Michelle Crystal Jade Coulter-Nile, Grahame Ctercteko, James French, Houchen Gong, Martijn Gosselink, Thuvarahan Jegathees, Ivan Jin, Michelle Kalachov, Kathryn Kiefhaber, Katherine Lee, Jason Luong, Steven Phan, Henry Pleass, Kelly Veale, Zhi Zeng, Angela Au, Ashe DeBiasio, Idy Deng, Jananee Myooran, Amrita Nair, Peter Stewart, Anton Stift, Lukas Walter Unger, 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Banks, Lorenzo Ferri, Haitian He, Amit Katz, Alexander Sender Liberman, Sarkis Meterissian, Allison Pang, Elena Parvez, Usmaan Hameed, Fahima Osman, Sangita Sequeira, Natalie Coburn, Alisha Jaffer, Paul Karanicolas, Matthew Mosseler, Reilly Musselman, Xinyuan Liu, Ching Wan Yip, Juan Sebastian Garces-Otero, Carolina Guzman, Sebastian Sierra, Andres Uribe Valencia, Paulo Andrés Cabrera Rivera, Saul Camelo, Andrea Gonzalez, Alejandro González-Orozco, Manuel Santiago Mosquera Paz, Carlos J- Perez Rivera, Felipe Gonzalez, Andres Isaza-Restrepo, Laura Nino- Torres, Natalia Arias Madrid, Maria Clara Mendoza Arango, Justin Tsandiraki, Damir Jemendžić, Branislav Kocman, Oliver Šuman, Renata Canic, Darko Jurišić, Ivana Karakas, Ana Krizanovic Rupcic, Vlatka Pitlovic, Josip Samardžić, Mario Kopljar, Ivan Bacic, Edgar Domini, Robert Karlo, Danijela Miljanić, Andrea Simic, Mariam Ahmed, Majdi Al Nassrallah, Rabiya Altaf, Talal Amjad, Ruba Eltoum, Heba Haidar, Alhassan Hassan, Omar Khalil, Marwan Qasem, Rommel Ramesh, Gautham Sajith, Maham Wisal, Jan Žatecký, Michele Bujda, Katerina Jirankova, Ales Paclik, Aya Abdallah, Mariam Abdulgawad Almogy, Esraa Ayman El-sawy, Ahmed Moustafa ElFayoumy, Nourhan Elghareeb, Nourhan Ahmed Esmat, Ahmed Fadel, Abdullah Habater, Heba Hamdy, Amr Hefni, Marwa Kamal, Norhan Mohamed Abobakr, Ahmed Sayed, Nancy Shaker, Ehab Taha, Hoda Tharwat, Omar Zakaria, Ibrahem Abdelmotaleb, Ali Al-Dhufri, Hamza S. Al-Himyari, Enas El sheikh, Asmaa Eldmaty, Aya Elkhalawy, Ahmed M.Elkhashen, Kithara Magdy, Safa Mostafa, Habib Doutoum Sadia, Mohamed mahmoud Saleh, Dina Samir, Mohamed Yahia Mohamed Ali, Mahmoud A. Nassar, Samar Abdelhady, Aly Abdelrazek, Israa Abdelsalam, Aya El-Sawy, Eman Essam, Mohamed Gadelkarim, Khaled Ghaly, Mohamed Hassabalnaby, Rana Masarani, Nourhan Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed Sabry, Menatalla Salem, Nourhan Akram Soliman, Diaaaldin Zahran, Moustafa Ramadan Abou El.soud, Esraa Tarek Badr, Hala Borham, Nehal Elmeslemany, Mohammad Elsayed, Fawzia Elsherif, Sara Eslam, Gehad Gaber, Sondos Ibrahim, Yara Kamh, Abdelrahman Mahmoud, Shimaa gamal Mohamed, Eman Morshedy, Cinderella Omar, Fatima Salem Soliman, Shaza Abdelkawy, Naglaa Abdelmohsen, Mahmoud Abdelshakour, Ahmed Dahy, Norhan Gamal, Mohammed Gamal, Ahmad Hasan, Helal Hetta, Nehad Mousa, Mohamed Omar, Somia Rabie, Mahmoud Saad, Bakeer Saleh, Marwa Sayed Mohamed, Muhammad Shawqi, Heba Abdelhady Mousa, Mostafa Alnoury, Mohamed Elbealawy, Ahmed Elshafey, Muhammad Essam Ibrahim El Desouki Muhammad Ahmed, Mennatullah Ghonaim, Fawzy Hgag, Mohamed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Morsy, Mohamed Reda Loaloa, Ahmed Refaat, Hadeer Samir, Fatma Shahien, Mohamed Sobhy, Fathy Sroor, Esraa Abdellatif, Marina Adel, Amr Abdelghani Afifi, Eman Afifi, Marco Antaky, Amr Dawoud, Naira El Zoghby, Amira El-remaily, Ali Abdelazez Elzanfaly, Ahmed Gadallah, Fatma Alzahraa Gamal, Omar Hashem, Shrouk Medhat Youssef, Aliaa Muhammad Attyah, Malak Munir, Omar Shazly, Esraa Taha, Karim Wilson, Sawsan Adel, Asmaa Ali, Esraa Eid, Esraa Elhelow, Marwa Elmahdy, Bassant Elshatby, Amany Hossam el-din Zakaria, Ahmad Hossny, Eman Ibrahim, Ahmed M.Yonis, Maram Metwalli, Basant Yousry, Esraa Zid, Mina A Yacoub, Ahmed Abdelhakim, Nervana Abouelsoad, Mo'min Alkhatib, Ahmed Ashraf, Alaa Ashraf, Yasmin Elazab, Mahmoud Elfanty, Osama Elkabir, Mai Elsayed, Ahmed Elshimy, Hager Elsobky, John Eskander, Ahmed Gad, Ward Hamsho, Noura Khaled Abdelwahed, Menna Magdy, Dalia Moharam, Abeer Osama, Shereen Ramadan, Radwa Roum, Taqwa Sayed, Tarneem Shehada, Ahmed Mohy Zidan, Khalid Abbas, Amr Ali, Mohamed Attia, Mohamed Balata, Ayman El Nakeeb, Mohamed Ibrahim Elsayed Elewaily, Ahmed Elfallal, Hossam Elfeki, Ahmed Elkhadragy, Sameh Emile, Helmy Ezzat, Hasnaa Hosni, Islam Mansour, Waleed Omar, Gehad Othman, Kareem Sadek, Mostafa Shalaby, Noura Shehab-Eldeen, Rawda Anas khalifa, Helmy Badr, Mostafa Eldeep, Ahmed Eldeep, Amany Eldoseuky mohammed, Salwa Khallaf, Eman Magdy Hegazy, Rokia Mahmoud, Pola Mikhail, Mahmoud Morsi, Sara Mowafy, Dina Raafat, Amina Safy, Marwa Sera, Ahmed shible Sera, Mostafa Salim Mohamed AbdAllah, Muhammad Abdelkader, Abdulrahman Osama Abdou, Ahmedgaber Ahmed, Shireen Gaafar, Fatma Ibrahim negm, Mina Lapic, Ahmed Maher, Hagar Mahmoud, Ahmed Mostafa, Mohamed Samir, Fatma Samy, Nourhan Semeda, Hind I. Shalaby, Alaa El-taweel, Ahmed Galal Elnagar, Ahmed Gamal Hemidan, Mohamed Hussein, Ahmed.A. Kandil, Mf Moawad, Ayat Allah Nasser Hamamah, Mostafa Soliman, Mohamed Abdelkhalek, Noura Abdelmaksoud Tawakel, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelwahed, Alrawy Abdou, Khalid Atallah, Mohammed Yasser Elsherbeny, Eman Emara, Mohamed Hamdy, Omar Hamdy, Amira Haron, Salma Ismail, Islam Hany Metwally, Nihal Mohamed Hamed Elgaml, Ahmed Nassar, Basel Refky, Mirna Sadek, Mahmoud Saleh, Asmaa Yunes, Mai Zakaria, Mohammed Zuhdy, Notila Fayed, Mohammed Mustafa Hassan Mohammed, Sander Kütner, Priit Melnik, Indrek Seire, Toomas Ümarik, Eppu Ainoa, Verner Eerola, Hanna Koppatz, Laura Koskenvuo, Ville Sallinen, Sini Takala, Jevgeni Katunin, Arto Turunen, Niki Christou, Muriel Mathonnet, Vincent Lavoue, Krystel Nyangoh Timoh, Lucie Soulabaille, Romain Lesourd, Aude Merdrignac, Laurent Sulpice, Benoît André, Elodie Chantalat, Charlotte Vaysse, Bertrand Dousset, Sebastien Gaujoux, Gregory Martin, Octavian Clonda, Domantas Juodis, Klaus Kienle, Andras Mravik, Samuel Palmer, Gabor Szabadhegyi, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Solomon Gyabaah, Frank Enoch Gyamfi, Nuhu Naabo, Atta Owusu senior, Joseph Yorke, Frank Owusu, Francis Abantanga, Theophilus Teddy Kojo Anyomih, Abdul-Jalilu Mohammed Muntaka, Emmanuel Owusu Abem, Mohammed Sheriff, Paul M. Wondoh, Dimitrios Balalis, Dimitrios Korkolis, Georgios Gkiokas, Eirini Pantiora, Theodosios Theodosopoulos, Argyrios Ioannidis, Konstantinos Konstantinidis, Sofia Konstantinidou, Nikolaos Machairas, Anna Paspala, Anastasia Prodromidou, Christos Chouliaras, Konstantinos Papadopoulos, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Ioannis Mamaloudis, George Tzovaras, Ioanna Akrida, Maria-Ioanna Argentou, Stylianos Germanos, Evangelos Iliopoulos, Ioannis Maroulis, George Skroubis, George Theofanis, Christos Chatzakis, Orestis Ioannidis, Lydia Loutzidou, Panagiotis Karathanasis, Nikolaos Michalopoulos, Charalampos Theodoropoulos, Dimitrios Theodorou, Tania Triantafyllou, Zoe Garoufalia, Natasha Hasemaki, Michalis Kontos, Gregory Kouraklis, Stylianos Kykalos, Theodore Liakakos, Eustratia Mpaili, Alexandros Papalampros, Dimitrios Schizas, Athanasios Syllaios, Ekaterini Christina Tampaki, Antonios Tsimpoukelis, Maria Ioanna Antonopoulou, Eirini Deskou, Dimitrios K. Manatakis, Dimitrios Papageorgiou, Menelaos Zoulamoglou, Christos Anthoulakis, Michalis Margaritis, Nikolaos Nikoloudis, Veronica Campo, André Ceballos, Mario-Andrés Flores, Waleska Giron, Donghyun Ko, Gabriel Martinez, Verónica Rivera Lara, Nataly Rueda, Andres Sanchez, Jorge Carlos Guillermo Tejeda Garrido, Alvaro Eduardo Alvarez Rivera, Elvis Benjamin Bamaca Ixcajoc, Lilian Elizabeth Barreda Zelaya, Patricia Chacòn-Herrera, Ligia Margarita Corea Ruiz, Guillermo Echeverria-Davila, Mario Garcia, Danilo García, Edgar Fernando Gutiérrez Mayen, Noriega José, Nery Mazariegos, Diego Méndez, Michael Paniagua Espinoza, David Bardos, Marton Benke, Kristof Illes, Balint András Kokas, Réka Szabó, Akhila Appukuttan, Anjitha Asok, Vijaykumar D.k, Kapil Malik, Praveen Ravishankaran, Ritesh Tapkire, Guru Moorthy, Joyner Abraham, Ramesh Muthuvel, John Alapatt, Abhay Kattepur, Nizamudheen Pareekutty, Mebanshanbor Garod, Caleb Harris, Cliff Wanniang, Ashish Gupta, Deepak Nehra, Sanjeev Parshad, Rajgopal Acharya, Rajendra Badwe, Manish Bhandare, Urvashi Jain, Karishma Kirti, Nita Nair, Shailesh Shrikhande, Purvi Thakkar, Premkumar Anandan, Archana C S, Arun Holenarasipur Narasannaiah, Tejaswi Jagarlamudi, Rashmi M R, Mallikarjuna Manangi, Abhishek Raghavendra, K. 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Amarin, Rami Ayoub, Isam Bsisu, M S El Muhtaseb, Mohammad Jabaiti, Jamal Melhem, Yasmeen Z. Qwaider, Mohammad Hasan Salameh, Ahmad Suleihat, Haya H. Suradi, Mohammad Alammarin, Almoutuz Aljaafreh, Mohammad Bani hani, Zeina Bani hani, Farah Bani Hani, Toqa Fahmawee, Shadi Hamouri, Cyrine Katanani, Ra'fat Tawalbeh, Tamara Tawalbeh, Hassan Zawahrah, Mohamad K. Abou Chaar, Lana Abusalem, Mahmoud Al-Masri, Hani Al-Najjar, Lutfi Barghuthi, Zahra Ahmed, Adnan Maulana, Omar Ngotho, Charbel Kamau, Aruyaru Stanley Mwenda, Fridah Bosire, Elizabeth Mwachiro, Robert Parker, Ian Simel, Kimutai Sylvester, Abdulmunem Ahmed Mustafa Althini, Sofian Elbarouni, Aya Elseed Elbeshina, Ahmed Gwea, Ans Malek, Wedad Albashir Masoud Farag, Abdulwahab Abdalei, Abu Baker Abdel Malik, Areej Abo-khammash, Ma'aly Abuhlaiga, Nour Adnan, Marwa Albaggar, Asma Alfitory, Asma Aljanfi, Fakhruddin Almuzghi, Zohoor Altumei, Fatima Alzabti, Hana Ashoushan, Mohamed Assalhi, Joma Azzubia, Sondos Bnhameida, Malik Delhen, Houssein Elshafei, Hana Elteir, Fatima Esbaga, Abdel Aziz Gobbi, Fatma Hamouda, Hamdan Hilan, Rania Ismail, Fieruz Jebran, Muataz Kasbour, Galia Maderi, Saja Mohammad, Burooj Mohammed, Habib Murtadi, Hamassat Mustafa, Mohamed Rajab, Sarah Trenba, Mariam Wafaa, Eman Al Sagheir, Alabas Almigheerbi, Ahmed Alzahaf, Sumayyah Ghayth Bahroun, Najah Ben Dallah, Mahmoud Elshaibani, Haitem Eswaye, Maha Karar, Samah Omar, Eman Younes, Maha Younes, Dafer Zreeg, Saleh Abujamra, Firas Ashour, Mala Elgammudi, Wesal Omar F. Aljadidi, Enas Saddouh, Randa Sharif, Aya Alabuzidi, AbdulMawlay Alwerfally, Sarra Aribi, Fatma Bibas, Taha Elfaituri, Yasmine Elhajjaji, Ala Khaled, Wegdan Khalil, Tesneem Layas, Enas Soula, Ahmed Tarek, Muad fathi khalleefah Abu hallalah, Hazem Abdelkarem Ahmed, Tagwa Alsharef, Abdulsalam Ali Ben Saoud, Tasnim El Gharmoul, Ahmed Elhadi, Safa Elrais, Abdulhalim Shebani, Heba Zarti, Asaid Zeiton, Marijus Ambrazevicius, Nerijus Kaselis, Migle Stakyte, Oleg Aliosin, Agne Cizauskaite, Sarunas Dailidenas, Vitalijus Eismontas, Migle Kybransiene, Vitalija Nutautiene, Narimantas Samalavicius, Dainius Simcikas, Algirdas Slepavicius, Albinas Tamosiunas, Nerijus Ubartas, Paulius Zeromskas, Saulius Bradulskis, Edvinas Dainius, Juozas Juočas, Egle Kubiliute, Juozas Kutkevičius, Aurimas Opolskis, Audrius Parseliunas, Andrejus Subocius, Egle Virbickaite, Diana Zuikyte, Algirdas Bogusevicius, Kristina Buzaite, Daiva Čepuliené, Ieva Cesleviciene, Vaidotas Cesna, Jolanta Gribauskaite, Povilas Ignatavicius, Mantas Jokubauskas, Monika Liugailaitè, Ernest Margelis, Ruta Mazelyte, Lina Pankratjevaitè, Matas Pažusis, Agne Rackeviciute, Justina Saladyte, Monika Škimelytè, Vygintas Šlenfuktas, Monika Sudeikyte, Algimantas Tamelis, Tomas Vanagas, Žygimantas Žumbakys, Aivaras Atkociunas, Audrius Dulskas, Justas Kuliavas, Justas Birutis, Sigitas Paškevičius, Mindaugas Šatkauskas, Donatas Danys, Matas Jakubauskas, Lina Jakubauskiene, Marius Kryzauskas, Vytautas Lipnickas, Gabija Makūnaitè, Fanjandrainy Rasoaherinomenjanahary, Herizo Rasolofonarivo, Luc Hervé Samison, Bitiel Banda, Vanessa Msosa, Ahmad Imran Ahmad Izzuddin, Andre Das, Ying Yee Gan, Tan Shong Sheng, Jia yng Siaw, Mohd Fadliyazid Ab Rahim, Dyg Zahratul Hamrak Abang Jamari, Nurfariza Che Husin, Muhd Yusairi Kamarulzaman, Yi Ping Lim, Nil Amri Mohamed Kamil, Mohd Razeen Mohd Hassan, Saidah Mohd Sahid, Johari Mustafa, Elaine Hui Been Ng, Wan Khamizar Wan Khazim, Ng Chang Ern, P.g. Lingeshan, Syariz Ezuan Sulaiman, Sue Ean Ang, Muhammad Navid Bin Mohamad Sithik, Yih Jeng Cheong, Mahadevan Deva Tata, Law Jia Xian, Aravinthan Kadravello, I-Ern Koh, Li-Yen Ng, Yuki Julius Ng We Yong, Kandasami Palayan, Chi Xuan Sam, Phuah Siow Jin, Jeremy Tan Ern Hwei, Yita Tang, Alvin Zubin Ter, Michael Pak-Kai Wong, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria, Zaidi Zakaria, Fitjerald Henry, Thyivya Kalaiselvan, Muhammad Fairuz Shah Abd Karim, Mohamed Rezal Abdul Aziz, Nora Abdul Aziz, Tak Loon Khong, Peng Choong Lau, Hiong Chin Lim, April Camilla Roslani, Jonathan Chen Ken Seak, Sui-Weng Wong, Lai Fen Wong, Leow Yeen Chin, Mercy Chinemerem Anyanwu, Zachary Busuttil, Thomas Calleja, Kurt Lee Chircop, Ruth Cutajar, Andrew Michael Dimech, Joseph Galea, Kiara Gascon Perai, Ruth Gatt, Lisa Kelman, Elizabeth Micallef, Favour Nwolu, Kim Sammut, Joanna Thompson, Sean Warwicker, Matthew Zammit, Fernando Cordera, Efraín Cruz González, Jorge Sánchez-García, Francisco José Barbosa Camacho, Francisco Javier Barrera López, Carlos Jose Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle, Eric Acosta, Iván Romarico González Espinoza, Perla Moreno, Ana Olivia Cortes-Flores, Clotilde Fuentes Orozco, Alejandro Gonzalez Ojeda, Samantha Corro Díaz González, Laura Martinez, Bonifacio Mosqueda Amador, Armando Novoa, Dennet Arturo Olazo Espejo, Alejandro Jimenez, Federico Lopez Rosales, Elva Gabriela Vanoye, Luis Alberto Garcia Gonzalez, Roberto Carlos Miranda-Ackerman, Manuel Solano-Genesta, Alethia Alvarez-Cano, Hector Hugo Romero-Garza, Heriberto Medina-Franco, Lorelí Mejía-Fernández, Noel Salgado-Nesme, Omar Vergara-Fernandez, Guadalupe Montserrat Gutiérrez-Mota, Francisco Xavier Hernandez Vera, Anabella Llantada Lopez, Gilberto Morgan Villela, Felipe de Jesus Ramirez Padilla, Walezka Tapia Marin, Mónica Martínez Maldonado, Ramses Sánchez Suárez, José Manuel Troche, Chaymae Benyaiche, Oumaima Outani, Souadka Amine, Amine Benkabbou, Anass Mohammed Majbar, Raouf Mohsine, Ali Rafik, Thida Oung, Moe Moe Tin, Philipp Plarre, Anna Alberga, Nina Sluiter, Jurriaan Tuynman, Robin Blok, Didem Cömert, Roel Hompes, Marianne Kalff, Merel Elisabeth Stellingwerf, Pieter Tanis, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Elise Maria van Praag, Daan Wisselink, Michael Gerhards, Josephine Lopes Cardozo, Emma Westerduin, Joske de Jonge, Aaw van Geloven, Kaz van Schilt, Frank den Boer, Simone Stoots, Stijn Vlek, Jamie Adams, Ibrahim S. Al-Busaidi, Gabrielle Budd, Seung il Choi, Michael Jen Jie Chu, Anurag Ganugapati, Lucy McKinstry, Rebecca Pascoe, Simon Richards, Kenrick Rosser, Annie Stevenson, Rebecca White, Shebani Farik, Jin Kwun, Ahmed Murad, Sarah Cowan, Timothy Hall, Michael Hayton, Laminou Malam Sani, Souleymane Oumarou Garba, Ibrahim Amadou Magagi, Oumarou Habou, Halima Aliyu, Muhammad Daniyan, Tunde T. Sholadoye, Lawal Abdullahi, Lofty-John Anyanwu, Aminu Mohammad Mohammad, Abubakar Bala Muhammad, Abdurrahman Abba Sheshe, Ibrahim Suleiman, Alaba Adesina, Ajibola Awolowo, Clement Onuoha, Omotayo Salami, Ogechukwu Taiwo, Agboola Taiwo, Stephen Kache, Jerry Godfrey Makama, Danjuma Sale, Olajide Abiola, Akinlabi Ajao, Anthony Ajiboye, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Julius Olaogun, Ademola Adebanjo, Opeoluwa Adesanya, Michael Olatunji Afolayan, Olanrewaju Balogun, Ayomide Makanjuola, Samuel Nwokocha, Rufus Wale Ojewola, Thomas Olagboyega Olajide, Adewale Aderounmu, Abdul-Rashid Adesunkanmi, Augustine Agbakwuru, Adeleke Akeem Aderogba, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Olukayode Arowolo, Oladejo Lawal, Tajudeen Mohammed, Chinedu Ndegbu, Olalekan Olasehinde, Funmilola Wuraola, Akinbolaji Akinkuolie, Arinzechukwu Mosanya, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Peter Elemile, Taiwo Akeem Lawal, Samuel Ali SANI, Stephen Garba, Rebecca Hauwa SANI, Samson Olori, Henry Onyebuashi, Ifeanyi Umoke, Adedire Adenuga, Ademola Adeyeye, Olufemi Habeeb, Bashir Lawal, Abdulrasheed Nasir, Eirik Kjus Aahlin, Didrik Kjønås, Elisabeth Myrseth, Jibran Abbasy, Abdul Alvi, Omair Saleem, Asma Afzal, Anam Nazir, Muhammad Farooq, Ayesha Liaqat, Syed Asghar Naqi, Ali Raza, Muzna Sarfraz, Muhammad Sarwar, Muntaha Banglani, Ambreen Munir, Rahmat Sehrish, Bushra Ayub, Raza Sayyed, Amna Altaf, Saima Ayub, Komal Saeed, Bilal Syed, Sana Amir Akbar, Abdul Wahid Anwer, Ruqayya Naheed Khan, Amina Iqbal Khan, Shahid Khattak, Sameen Mohtasham, Muhammad Asad Parvaiz, Aamir Ali Syed, Abdul Basit Ansari, Noman Shahzad, Tanwir Khaliq, Isbah Rashid, Shahzad Hussain Waqar, Hasan Abu Al-saleem, Amjad Abu Alqumboz, Mohammad Alqadi, Adham Amro, Rawan Assa, Eman Awesat, Rawan Ayyad, Mohammed Hammad, Ayat Haymony, Bassel Hijazi, Bara Hmeidat, Rowaa Lahaseh, Aseel Qawasmi, Alaa Rajabi, Mohammed Shehada, Sundus Shkokani, Yasmine Yaghi, Nadine Yaghi, Mohammad AlZohour, Mohammad Farid, Yousef Mahmoud Habes, Wesam Juba, Yanal Nubani, Abdelrahman Rabee, Mohammad Sa'deh, Saeed Abed, Iyad Al basos, Mohammad Alswerki, Dina Ashour, Israa Awad, Samar Diab, Alaa El Jamassi, Sahar El-Kahlout, Somaya Elhout, Ahmed N K Hajjaj, Doaa Hasanain, Baraa Nabil hajjaj, Mohammed Obaid, Eman Saikaly, Ahmed Salhi, Hiba Al-Tammam, Murad Almasri, Muath Baniowda, Doha Beshtawi, Ali Horoub, Rami Misk, Bayan Mohammad, Rami Qasrawi, Tasnim Sholi, Samar Abu-Nimeh, Abrar Abu-srour, Sadi A. Abukhalaf, Samer Adawi, Barah Alsalameh, Kholoud Ayesh, Muawiyah Elqadi, Ahmad Hammouri, Fatima Karim Mustafa, Natalie Marzouqa, Shatha Melhem, Dima Miqdad, Balqees Mohamad, Mhammed Rawhi, Ayman B. Abu Ahammala, Ahmed Abu Ataya, Israa Abu Jayyab, Samar Al-Shwaikh, Othman Alagha, Mohammed Alasttal, Haneen Awadallah, Mahmood Elblbessy, Jehad Fares, Akram Jarbou, Ibtisam Mahfouz, Moath A. Albahnasawi, Asmaa' Abo mahadi, Hasan Abuelhatal, Ayham Abuelqomboz, Abdelrahman Almoqayyad, Abdallah Alwali, Reem Balaawi, Mahmoud Hamouda, Mohammed Humeid, Abdullah Jedyan, Tasneem Mahmoud Abu hamam, Ghadeer Matar, Ali Salem, Tahani Samra, Nureddin Shaheen, Karam Shihada, Ayoob A.Nemer, Mahmoud Abu Al Amrain, Abdulwhhab Abu Alamrain, Najlaa Abu Jamie, Mohammed R. Abu-Rous, Nada Alfarra, Mohammed AlTaweel, Noor Alwhaidi, Ramadan Hamed, Bader Saqqa, Ahmad Shaheen, Dana Aljaber, Loay Aljaberi, Malak Alwaheidi, Assef Jawaada, Hani Khaldi, Rami Qahoush, Jalil Qari, Rana Saadeh, Ahlam Salim, Aseel Yacoub, Abbas Abbas, Rana Abu shua'ib, Baraa Abu Zainah, Mahmoud AbuSirrees, Basheer Babaa, Ola Barhoush, Asef Belal qadomi, Laith Daraghmeh, Reema Haji, Alaa Khatatbeh, Lana Khatib, Salsabeel Qarariah, Yara Quzmar, Khalil Safadi, Roqaya Salameh, Mohammad Hassan, Shifaa Herzallah, Loai Massad, Ahmed Nazzal, Ranin Nazzal, Dennis Escobar, Gustavo Miguel Machain V, Agustin Rodriguez Gonzalez, Jorge Emerson Chachaima Mar, Nathaly Olga Chinchihualpa Paredes, Vicente Cuba, Walter Lopez, Maria Milagros Niquen Jimenez, Nestor Alberto Sanchez Bartra, Olenka Sapallanay Ojeda, Diego Sequeiros, Andrea Toscano Pacheco, María Vergara, Sol Abarca, Rodrigo Alcorta, Giuliano Borda-Luque, Ivan Edward Eusebio Zegarra, Claudia Luján López, Mirella Marrufo, Cinthya Mogrovejo, Andrea Nomura, Yamile Rodríguez Angeles, Maitza Rosario Vidal Meza, Gabriela Zavala, José Neiser Castillo Arrascue, Jomara Caroline Hidrogo Cabrera, José Julio Mariano Larrea vera, Miguel Osorio, Edgar Alcides Ylatoma Díaz, Mark Anthony Fontanilla, Joseph Roy Fuentes, Anna Leah Salazar, Genieve Dominguez, Marc Paul Lopez, Shiela Macalindong, Mark Augustine Onglao, Arjel Ramirez, Marie Dione Sacdalan, Mayou Martin Tampo, Gemma Leonora Uy, Jeremiah Mangahas, Kenneth Yabut, Joannes Paul Cañete, Bernalynn Eris Cansana, Ernes John Castro, Maria Kaiserin Lipana, Manuel Francisco Roxas, Vlu Jean Zara, Maciej Chroł, Paula Franczak, Michał Orłowski, Piotr Budzyński, Andrzej Budzyński, Pawel Bury, Agata Czerwińska, Jadwiga Dworak, Jacek Dziedzic, Michał Kisielewski, Jan Kulawik, Anna Lasek, Piotr Małczak, Marcin Migaczewski, Michał Pędziwiatr, Magdalena Pisarska, Dorota Radkowiak, Mateusz Rubinkiewicz, Anna Rzepa, Tomasz Skoczylas, Maciej Stanek, Katarzyna Truszkiewicz, Mateusz Wierdak, Marek Winiarski, Piotr Zarzycki, Anna Zub-Pokrowiecka, Piotr Kowalewski, Rafał Roszkowski, Maciej Walędziak, Miguel Tomé, Sara Patrocinio, Ines Guerreiro, Filipe Almeida, Xavier de Sousa, Nuno Monteiro, Maria Teresa Costa Santos, Daniela de Oliveira, Marta Lopes Serra, Daniela Morgado, Christian Neves, Ana Carolina Oliveira, Alice Pimentel, Sofia Silva, Márcia Carvalho, Lúcia Carvalho, Joana Magalhães, Leonor Matos, Tânia Monteiro, Carlota Ramos, Vanessa Santos, José Barbosa, Jose Costa-Maia, Vítor Devezas, Ana Fareleira, Cristina Fernandes, Diana Gonçalves, Henrique Mora, Marina Morais, Fabiana Silva de Sousa, Sara Catarino Santos, Ana Logrado, André Tojal, Edgar Amorim, Miguel F. Cunha, Ana Fazenda, João Pedro Melo Neves, Inês Isabel Sampaio da Nóvoa Gomes Miguel, Diogo Veiga, José Azevedo, Hugo Cardoso Louro, Mariana Leite, Maria Bairos Menezes, Bárbara Gama, Diana Brito, Marta Cristina Cruz Martins, André Graça e Magalhães, Ana Catarina Longras, Rita Lourenço, Diana Matos, Luis Castro, Filipa Policarpo, Joana Romano, Cristina Monteiro, Diogo Pinto, Marina Duarte, Sónia Fortuna Martins, Mariline Oliveira, Diogo Galvão, Lisandra Martins, Anaisa Silva, Viorel Taranu, Bárbara Vieira, Jessica Neves, Simone Oliveira, Hugo Ribeiro, Margarida Cinza, Rosa Felix, Arnaldo Machado, Joana Oliveira, Joana Patrício, Rita Pedroso de Lima, Mário Pereira, Miguel Rocha Melo, Cristina Velez, Alberto Abreu da Silva, Mariana Claro, Daniel Costa Santos, Andreia Ferreira, Hugo Capote, Daniela Rosado, Filipa Taré, Oriana Nogueira, Miguel Ângelo, José Miguel Baiao, Andreia Guimarães, João Marques, Miguel Nico Albano, Marta Silva, Ana Valente da Costa, Teresa Vieira Caroço, Sara Almeida Braga, Ines Capunge, Marta Fragoso, João Guimarães, Bruno Pinto, João Ribeiro, Miguel Angel, Guilherme Fialho, Monica Guerrero, Filipa Campos Costa, Diogo Cardoso, Vasco Cardoso, Magda Alves, Inês Estalagem, Tiago Louro, Cláudia Marques, Rita Martelo, Miguel Morgado, Rita Canotilho, Ana Margarida Correia, Pedro Martins, Mariana Peyroteo, João Gomes, Rita Monteiro, Manuela Romano, Daniela Macedo Alves, Rita Peixoto, Catarina Quintela, Maria João Jervis, Débora Melo, André Pacheco, Valter Paixão, Vera Pedro, Joana Pimenta, João Pimenta de Castro, Ana Rocha, Mircea Beuran, Cezar Ciubotaru, Bogdan Diaconescu, Sorin Hostiuc, Ionut Negoi, Bogdan Stoica, Evgeny Anokhin, Georgy Kuznetsov, Giorgi Oganezov, Fedor Paramzin, Ekaterina Romanova, Valeryan Rutkovskii, Vasilii Rutkovskii, Mikhail Shushval, Mikhail Zabiyaka, Khasan Dzhumabaev, Valerii Ivanov, Zaman Mamedli, Sergey Achkasov, Artem Balkarov, Elnur Nabiev, Marat Nagudov, Evgeny Rybakov, Karina Saifutdinova, Oleg Sushkov, Lule Joseph, Isaac Ndayishimiye, Ntirenganya Faustin, Alphonse Zeta Mutabazi, Jean Paul Mvukiyehe, Vizir J.P Nsengimana, Carine Uwakunda, Mohammad Monir Abbas, Nouf Akeel, Murad Aljiffry, Kholoud Awaji, Ali Farsi, Ghader Jamjoum, Ahmad Khoja, Ashraf Maghrabi, Nadim Malibary, Mohammed Nassif, Abdulaziz Saleem, Abdullah Sultan, Wail Tashkandi, Hanaa Tashkandi, Nora Trabulsi, Mouhamadou Bachir Ba, Adja Coumba Diallo, Abdourahmane Ndong, Vladica Cuk, Uroš Janković, Sharon Zhiling Koh, Frederick Koh, Kuok Chung Lee, Kai Yin Lee, Sean Lee, Wei Qi Leong, Su Ann Lui, Prajwala Prakash, Jan Grosek, Gregor Norcic, Ales Tomazic, Nicolas Fitchat, Robert Jaich, Devorah Wineberg, Modise Zacharia Koto, Daniella Baiocchi, Damian Clarke, Christina Johanna Steenkamp, Sharon Bannister, Adam Boutall, Galya Chinnery, Anna Coccia, Angela Dell, Parveen Karjiker, Christo Kloppers, Nicholas Loxton, Tumi Mabogoane, Francois Malherbe, Eugenio Panieri, Shreya Rayamajhi, Tirsa van Wyngaard, Claire Warden, T E Madiba, Nivashen Pillay, Savannah Brooks, Charlise Kruger, Lisa Hannah Van Der Merwe, Ferhana Gool, Maahir Kariem, Heather Bougard, Nazmie Kariem, Fazlin Noor, Reantha Pillay, Leandi Steynfaardt, Lucía González González, José Miguel Marín Santos, Paula Martín-Borregón, Javier Martínez Caballero, Cristina Nevado García, Pastora Rodriguez Fraga, Gonzalo De Castro Parga, Maria Pilar Fernández Veiga, Lucía Garrido López, Hugo Infante Pino, Irene Lages Cal, Marta López Otero, Manuel Nogueira Sixto, Marta Paniagua García Señorans, Laura Rodríguez Fernández, Alejandro Ruano Poblador, Erika Rufo Crespo, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Vincenzo Vigorita, Ester Alonso Batanero, Dorisme Asnel, Isabel Cifrian Canales, Elisa Contreras Saiz, Irene De Santiago Alvarez, Tamara Díaz Vico, Sebastian Fernandez Arias, Daniel Fernández Martínez, Carmen García Bernardo, Luis Joaquín García Flórez, Carmen Garcia Gutierrez, Manuel García Munar, Carlos Alberto Márquez Zorrilla Molina, Marta Merayo, José Luis Michi Campos, Maria Moreno Gijon, Jorge L. Otero-Diez, Jose Luis Rodicio Miravalles, Lorena Solar-Garcia, Aida Suárez Sánchez, Nuria Truan, Cristina Alejandre Villalobos, Yurena Caballero Díaz, Marta Jimenez, Dacil Montesdeoca, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, Victor Vega, Juan Beltrán de Heredia, Zahira Gómez, Carlos Jezieniecki, Ana Patricia Legido Morán, Mario Montes-Manrique, Mario Rodriguez-Lopez, María Ruiz Soriano, Jeancarlos Trujillo Díaz, Andrea Vazquez Fernandez, Nuria Argudo, Miguel Pera, Laia Torrent Jansà, Melody García Domínguez, Ignacio Goded, Marta Roldón Golet, Issa Talal El-Abur, Alejandra Utrilla Fornals, Vanesa Zambrana Campos, Maria Del Mar Aguilar Martinez, Marina Bosch, Luis García-Catalá, Luis Sánchez-Guillén, Eva Artigau, Nuria Gomez Romeu, David Julià Bergkvist, Beatriz Espina Perez, Olga Morató, Carles Olona, Beatriz Diéguez, Alexander Forero-Torres, Manuel Losada, Segundo Gomez-Abril, Paula Gonzálvez, Rosario Martinez, Sergio Navarro Martínez, Carmen Payá-Llorente, Álvaro Pérez Rubio, Sandra Santarrufina Martinez, Juan Carlos Sebastián Tomás, Ramon Trullenque Juan, Alberto Gegúndez Simón, Paloma Maté, Maria Isabel Prieto-Nieto, Ines Rubio-Perez, Aitor Urbieta, Marina Vicario Bravo, David Abelló, Matteo Frasson, Alvaro Garcia-Granero, Alfredo Abad Gurumeta, Ane Abad-Motos, Elena Lucena-de Pablo, Beatriz Nozal, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, Rut Salvachúa, Esther Ferrero, Luis Garcia-Sancho Tellez, Antonio L. Picardo, Jose Alberto Rojo López, Laura Patricia Zorrilla Matilla, Carmen Cagigas Fernandez, Sonia Castanedo Bezanilla, José Estevez Tesouro, Maria Jose Fernandez-Diaz, Juan García Cardo, Marcos Gomez Ruiz, Erik Gonzalez-Tolaretxipi, Jaime Jimeno Fraile, Cristobal Poch, Montserrat Rodriguez-Aguirre, Noemí Troche Pesqueira, Maria Soledad Trugeda-Carrera, Javier de la Torre, Ruth Blanco-Colino, Eloy Espin-Basany, Martin Espinosa-Bravo, Clara Morales Comas, Eduardo Reyes Afonso, Joaquín Rivero Déniz, Christian Siso Raber, Mireia Verdaguer Tremolosa, Pramodh Chandrasinghe, Sumudu Kumarage, Nimeshi Wijekoon Arachchilage, Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel, Mohammed A. Adam, Nina Blomme, Anders Thorell, Fredrik Wogensen, Andreas Älgå, Dhirar Ansarei, Fuat Celebioglu, Göran Heinius, Linda Nigard, Emil Pieniowski, Sandra Ahlqvist, Ida Björklund, Andreas Frånberg, Martina Håkansson, Karin Adamo, Oskar Franklin, Malin Sund, Rebecca Wiberg, Yvette Andersson, Abbas Chabok, Maziar Nikberg, Alexander Kugelberg, Claudia Canonica, Dimitrios Christoforidis, Fabrizio Fasolini, Paolo Gaffuri, Mauro Giuliani, Francesco Meani, Sotirios Georgios Popeskou, Silvia Pozza, Wiebke Wandschneider, Lorenz Peterer, Lukas Werner Widmer, Bernd Zimmermann, Panagiotis Bakoleas, Iris Chanousi, Lydia Charalampidou, Lukasz Filip Grochola, Franziska Heid, Sotirios Ntaoulas, Michail Outos, Georgios Peros, Hanna Podolska-Skoczek, Katharina Beate Reinisch, Christian Zielasek, Nicolas Demartines, Jérôme Gilgien, Amaniel Kefleyesus, Pénélope St-Amour, Arnaud Toussaint, Maryam Alhimyar, Bayan Alsaid, Amr Alyafi, Ahmad Alkhaledi, Basel Kouz, Ahmad Omarain, Yusra Al-Sabbagh, Haya Alkhatib, Samer Sara, Ahmad Alhaj, Aghyad Danial, Lama Kadoura, Sarah Maa Albared, Yamen Monawar, Louei Nahas, Barook Abd, Ahmad Saad, Habib Wakkaf, Hatem Bouzaiene, Montassar Ghalleb, Elif Akaydin, Ata Cem Akbaba, Onur Atakul, Ege Baltaci, Sevval Besli, Gökçen Burgu, Ulukan Cenal, Cansu de Muijnck, Hasan Can Demirkaya, Alper Dogruoz, Zeynep Ipek Gezer, Yasemin Gündoğdu, Merve Kara, Hasan Kürşad Korkmaz, Gökalp Kağan Kurtoğlu, Volkan Ozben, Berk Baris Ozmen, Ahmet Murat Pektaş, Eda Kübra Sel, Nilüfer Yenidünya, Fuat Baris Bengur, Berke Mustafa Oral, Tahir Koray Yozgatli, Seymur Abdullayev, Mehmet Emin Gunes, Nuri Alper Sahbaz, Tuba Banaz, Kübra Kargici, Omer Faruk Kuyumcu, Erkan Yanikoğlu, Merve Yeşilsancak, Duygu Yilmaz, Melik Kagan Aktas, Ahmet Rencuzogullari, Arda Isik, Sezai Leventoğlu, Ali Yalçinkaya, Osman Yüksel, Mustafa U Kalayci, Yasin Kara, Inanc Samil Sarici, Alp Akin, Gökçe nur Alemdağ, Ekin Arslan, Bahadir Emre Baki, Muhammed Selim Bodur, Adnan Calik, Bahar Candas Altinbas, Irem Cihanyurdu, Oğuz Erkul, Burak Gül, Ali Guner, Beyza Köse, Anil Semiz, Şule Sevim, Serkan Tayar, Kadir Tomas, Ozan yavuz Tüfek, Serdar Türkyilmaz, Mehmet Uluşahin, Arif Usta, Reyyan Yildirim, Sertaç Ata Güler, Ozan Can Tatar, Ecenur Varol, Busenur Kirimtay, Muhammed Uysal, Alp Yildiz, Emin Kose, Ahmet Burak Ciftci, Elif Çolak, Huseyin Eraslan, Gultekin Ozan Kucuk, Kürşat Yemez, Herman Lule, Mumbere Bienfait, Emmanuel Bua, Noella Okalany, Maksym Basarab, Oleksii Bielosludtsev, Kateryna Kolhanova, Kateryna Perepelytsia, Kateryna Romanukha, Dmytro Savenkov, Stanislav Siryi, Maksym Tereshchenko, Nezamai Viacheslav, Anton Volovetskyi, Andrey Kebkalo, Yegor Tryliskyy, Volodimir Tyselskiy, Eilidh Bruce, Bing Lun Chow, Emma Iddles, Sarah McGuckin, Nicola Newall, George Ramsay, Parivrudh Sharma, Caitlin Stewart, Jeremy Wong, Abdul Badran, Michael Bath, Fanny Belais, Eman Butt, Kaustuv Joshi, Milan Kapur, Mike Shaw, Adam Townson, Christopher Yee Khang Williams, Timothy Gray, Robert Greig, Mansoor Husain, Elspeth Murray, Ahmed Mustafa, Ashar Asif, Arya Gokul, Max Shah, Mabel Temisanren Akitikori, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sophie Davidson, Sinead McNally, Shamil Rupani, Fatema Juma, Sarah Catherine Mills, Laura Muirhead, Kate Sellars, Una Walsh, Oliver Warren, Alice Chambers, Richard Hunt, Stephen Boyce, Hannah Cornwall, Isabel Tol, Eleftherios Orestis Argyriou, Nicola Eardley, Meical Povey, Joanna M S Aithie, Ahmer Irfan, Mari-Claire McGuigan, Robert Starr, Craig Russell Warren, Jess Archibald, Georgia Kirby, Ivan Kisyov, Chun Kheng Khoo, Rachel Lee, Dana Photiou, Rowan Davis, Uday Prasad, P Zichu Yang, Jonathan Bird, Edmund Leung, Virginia Summerour, Chelise Currow, Jianshen Kiam, Gerald Jack Soon Tan, Anitha Muthusami, Ibifunke Pegba-Otemolu, Tomas Urbonas, Joseph Nunoo-Mensah, Edgaras Smolskas, Alex Boddy, Gianpiero Gravante, David Hunter, David Andrew, Amanda Koh, Amari Thompson, Lawrence Adams, Hollie A Clements, Kasun De Silva, Ogbonnia Ekpete, Seraj Haque, Scott Henderson, Bilal Ibrahim, Thummini Jayasinghe, Jennifer Livie, Keir Mailley, Gopikrishnan Nair, Daniel Tan, Caitlin Baggaley, Aleksander Dawidziuk, Bartosz Szyszka, Charlotte Barter, Nirav Gandhi, Karen Hassell, Samantha Hitchin, Jennett Kelsall, Eva Nagy, Ashrafun Nessa, Lisa Whisker, Fady Yanni, Mahmoud Ali, Deeksha Arora, Sunanda Hediwattege, Navam Kumarasinghe, Munir Rathore, Athula Tennakoon, Syed Mustafa Ali Ahmad, Oreoluwa Bajomo, Fahema Nadira, Valerio Celentano, Ewen Griffiths, Rama Santhosh Karri, Jason Kei Chak Mak, Michelle Pipe, Muhammad Iqbal Bhatti, Mohamed Rabie, Connor Boyle, David Hamilton, Aishath Mihuna, James Chean Khun Ng, Gary Nicholson, Agata Oliwa, Robert Pearson, Anna Rose, Shun Qi Yong, Catherine Boereboom, Michael Hanna, Catherine Walter, Thomas Samuel Greensmith, Rachel Mitchell, Eimear Monaghan, James Crawford, Susan Moug, James Blackwell, Hannah Boyd-Carson, Philip Herrod, Omar Al-Allaf, Miriam Beattie, Cameron Bullock, Shivang Burman, Gemma Clark, Nicolas Flamey, Oliver Flannery, Alexander Harding, Ben Kodiatt, Samuel Lawday, Shivani Mahapatra, Navin Mukundu Nagesh, Michael Ng, Dupinderjit Rye, Andrel Yoong, Laura Clark, Chris Deans, Monisha Edirisooriya, Emma Victoria Carrington, Tsz Lun Ernest Wong, Baasil Yusuf, Carla Chamberlain, Kathryn Duke, Elizabeth Kmiotek, Azel Botes, Natalie Condie, Timothy Schrire, Reena Shah, Iolo Thomas-Jones, Charlotte Yates, Natasha Anthony, Edward Matthews, Kapil Sahnan, James Tankel, Sally Tucker, Jasmine Winter Beatty, Paul Ziprin, William Duggan, Anastasia Kantartzi, Shruthi Sridhar, Rachel Alys Khaw, Prakhar Srivastava, Charlotte Underwood, Homero Alves do Canto Brum, Sharat Chopra, Laura Davis, Rebecca Hughes, Joshua Tulley, Justin Alberts, Thomas Athisayaraj, Mojolaoluwa Olugbemi, Kasim Ahmad, Claudia Chan, Gavin Chapman, Hannah Fleming, Benjamin Fox, Julia Grewar, Kate Hulse, Duncan Rutherford, Mackay Sinead, Scott Smith, Doug Speake, Peter G Vaughan-Shaw, Natasha Christodoulides, Simrit Kudhail, Matthew Welch, Syed Muhibullah Husaini, Simon Lambracos, Chikamuche Anyanwu, Rishi Suresh, Jimmy Scott Thomas, Elizabeth Gleeson, Rebecca Platoff, Areeba Saif, Zachary Enumah, Eric Etchill, Alodia Gabre-Kidan, Mitchell Bernstein, Francesco Maria Carrano, Joseph Connors, Patricio Lynn, Marcovalerio Melis, Elliot Newman, Deshka S Foster, Kenneth Perrone, Ashley Titan, Sarwat Ahmad, Andrea Chao M.D. Bafford, Marco Dal Molin, Nader Hanna, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Mark Hemmila, Lena Napolitano, Jane J Wong, Julia Chandler, Lauren Wood, Sherry Wren, Taylor Ottesen, Lucia You, Kristin Yu, María del pilar Arciénega Yañez, Martin Ferreira Fernandes, Daniel González, Santiago Cubas, María Catalina González, Vanessa Zubiaurre, Rodrigo Demolin, Nicolas Giroff, Pablo Sciuto, Maite Campos, Gabriela Rodríguez Cantera, Garg Deepika, Elliot Simuchimba, Anadi Bulaya, Chali Chibuye, Bright Chirengendure, Mary-Rose Kabale, Kizito Kabongo, James Munthali, Oliver Mweso, Francis Pikiti, James Otieno, Log Tung Lai, Brighid Blackman, Sophie Richards, Suren Subramaniam, Rafid Karim, Nathan Kok, Yanni Dion Lee, Shabina Ali, Aanjaneya Sinha, Robert Corrigan, Nicole Barnes, Florence Wong, Grace Dennis, Julia Jedamzik, Emil Phillips, Wivine Piette, Marie Van hentenryck, Houenoukpo Koco, Souliath Lawani, Mamo Woldu Kassa, Tainá Santos Bezerra, Petar Gribnev, Dobromir Dimitrov, Panche Krastev, Sovannarith Oum, Divine Tim Bonghaseh, Maryam Al Farsi, Nourah Alsharqawi, Veronica Acevedo, Andrea Carolina Castillo Barbosa, Felipe Giron, Jimmy Paul Leon Rodriguez, Darko Kučan, Damir Rosko, Neven Barsic, Domagoj Župan, Amgad Hegazi, Vendula Trunčíková, Vladimir Fryba, Mostafa Mohamed, Ahmed Sultan, Ahmed Nagi, Abdallah Rashad Temerik, Mohamed Elemam Elshawy, Moustafa Ibrahim Mahmoud, Shrouk Omar, Mohamed Anwar, Tarek Rageh, Aya Elmokadem, Khaled Gaballa, Sandra Teppo, Antti Turunen, Pasi Pengermä, Quentin Ballouhey, Damien Bergeat, Ariane Weyl, Elisabeth Hain, Adam Gyedu, Edwin Yenli, Dorcas Osei-Poku, Vaia-Aliki Rompou, Athanasios Zoikas, Apostolos Gaitanidis, Georgios Koukis, Konstantinos Perivoliotis, Panagiotis Tavlas, Konstantinos Galanos-Demiris, George Zografos, Ioannis Karavokyros, Georgia Xanthopoulou, Eirini Iordanidou, Fernanda Ayau, Allan Garcia, Pekli Damján, Deepender Wason, Ashika B L, Ervandy Rangganata, Prerna Kamath, Donal B O'Connor, Margherita Pinto, Fabrizio Perrone, Francesca Paola Tropeano, Francesca Troilo, Daniela Bossi, Dario Scala, Lucrezia Pulitanò, Marcella Carella, Andrea Pietrabissa, Alice Gori, Giorgio Giraudo, Veronica De Simone, Alfio Alessandro Russo, Bartolomeo Braccio, Raed Al-Taher, Sarah Athamneh, Andrea Parker, Adnan Sawiee, Amina Kattia, Malik Salem, Osama Tababa, Zuhour Shaeeb, Vilius Syminas, Jonas Jurgaitis, Gytè Damulevičienè, Saulius Svagzdys, Narindra Njarasoa Mihaja Razafimanjato, Ling Chieng Loo, Ing Ching Tiong, Wan Farahiyah Wan Muhmad, Harinthiran Vijeyan, Teoh Li Ying, Gabriella Grech, Rodrigo Arrangoiz, Vania Brickelia Jimenez Ley, Daniel Arizpe, Elizabeth Lagunes Lara, Elizabeth Victoria Castro López, Jose Eaazim, Marije Gordinou de Gouberville, Vivian Bastiaenen, Simone Rottier, Fouad Nahab, Maria Yeonhee Ji, Mohammed Seyoji, Callistus Nwachukwu, Okechukwu Emeghara, Sayyid Egbunu Muhammed, Ayodeji Idowu, Olamiposi Sowemimo, Olakayode Ogundoyin, Oluwatosin Akande, Alexander Lott, Maliha Nadeem, Ahsan Ali Laghari, Asif Loya, Hassan Mushtaq, Muhammad Tariq Abdullah, Baseel Abuhilal, Mohammad Atawneh, Hamdan Hamdan, Belal Alhabil, Abedelrahman Srour, Ibrahim Mousa, Luis Da Silva Medina, Katarzyna Bartosiak, Pedro Ferreira, Vítor Francisco, Ricardo Lemos, Luísa Frutuoso, Sara Fernandes, Telma Fonseca, Jorge Pereira, Juan Rachadell, Ana Torre, Filipe Madeira Martins, Ana Cristina Carvalho, Joana Rodrigues Ferreira, Bruno Ribeiro da Silva, Helena Devesa, Ana Vieira, Inês Mónica, Margarida Amaro, Diogo Sousa, Marta Reia, João Louro, Ana Martins, Joaquina Dominguez, Inês Santos, Nuno Miguel Freitas Oliveira, José Carlos Pereira, Pedro Silva-Vaz, Ligia Freire, Ricardo Escrevente, Valentina Madalina Negoita, Dmitry Shakhmatov, Yves Nezerwa, Radosav Radulovic, Gareth Obery, Francois Viljoen, Tome Mendes, Antonio Suarez, Enrique Moncada, Maria Fernandez-Hevia, Carolina Curtis Martínez, Julia Maria Gil Garcia, Mariana González Zunzarren, Tarig Idris, Karolina Eklöv, Oskar Grahn, Leila Amin, Malin Blomqvist, Costanza Ajani, Rebecca Kraus, Nico Seeger, Melissa Willemin, Fadi Rayya, Mohammad Ayash, Raneem Msouti, Israa Kannas, Eias Abazid, Asil Esper, Skander Slim, Akil Serdar Kavcar, Erman Aytac, Ahmet Cem Dural, Ayse Ilker, Ismail Cem Eray, Eray Kurnaz, Saygin Altiner, Mustafa Deniz Tepe, Can Şahin, Evrim Savli, Aryon Innocent, Lilian Babirye, Andrii Diachenko, Vladislav Hordoskiy, Heather Curry, Charlene Yat Che Chau, Harry Robertson, Arin Mahmoud, Hannah Lennon, Lynette Loi, Emily Kirkham, Cameron McCann, Daniel Watts, Binay Gurung, Michael Wilson, Thomas Tribedi, Eleonora Garofalo, Baryab Zahra, Scott MacDonald, Ian Daniels, Nathan Ng, Shivun Khosla, James Olivier, Sum Yu Pansy Yue, Gayathri Suresh, Jack Wellington, Emmanuel Lorejo, Mafdi Mossaad, Madison Crutcher, Marjan Alimi, Ioana Baiu, Hossam Abdou, Alison Conway, Connor Peck, Mauro Andres Perdomo Perez, Stanley Zulu, Mildred Nakazwe, Sule Burger, Justine Davies, Rachel Donaldson, Chikwendu Ede, O James Garden, Chiapo Lesetedi, Charles Mabedi, Laura Magill, Felix Makinde Alakaloko, Alex Makupe, Mark Monahan, Soloman Mulira, Elmi Muller, Jospeh Musowoyo, Jean Léon Olory-Togbe, Tracey Roberts, Martin Smith, Viki Tayler, John Windsor, Raul Yepez, Sudha Sundar, Emmy Runigamugabo, Azmina Verjee, José Chen, Leonid Daya, Nouhaila El Aroussi, Valeria Farina, Tchianze Gnintedeme Olivier, Mauricio Gonzales Nacarino, Aamr Hammani, Sarah Honjo, Rebecca Jacobs, Hitomi Kimura, Mugisha Nkoronko, Jasson Javier Oscullo Yepez, Wei Pin Hung, Ankit Raj, Alina Romani Pozo, Muna Rommaneh, Samuel Chimbioputo Sassamela Fabiano, Camila Milagros Shiroma Gago, Abhishekh Srinivas, Chia-Yen Sung, Aswan Tai, Yener Cristyell Valle Aranda, Sara Venturini, and Jean Wilguens Lartigue

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p

Published
2022
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50. Association Between Hair Diseases and COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study Analysis

Author

Ashrafur Rahaman Mahadi, Md. Abdur Rafi, Tasnim Shahriar, Senjuti Seemanta, Md. Golam Rabbani, Munjarin Akter, Mahabubul Islam Majumder, and M. Tasdik Hasan

Subjects
hair fall diseases, telogen effluvium, alopecia areata, seborrheic dermatitis, COVID-19 stress, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Introduction:Psychological stress from the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can potentially aggravate the course of several stress-sensitive skin and hair diseases. This study aimed to determine the potential association of COVID-19 stress with hair diseases, such as telogen effluvium (TE), alopecia areata (AA), and seborrheic dermatitis (SD), among medical students in Bangladesh.MethodsThis online-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 medical students of Bangladesh using a self-administered questionnaire, including sociodemographic information, status of hair diseases (i.e., TE, AA, and SD), COVID-19 fear scale, impact of event scale specific for COVID-19 (IES-COVID-19), and COVID-19 student stress questionnaire (CSSQ) scale, to determine pandemic-related stress. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the association.ResultsOverall prevalence of TE, AA, and SD was 61.1, 24.7, and 57.7%, respectively, with female predominance in case of TE and male predominance in case of AA and SD. More than half of the participants had COVID-19-related fear and traumatic stress symptoms. In the multiple logistic regression model, smoking [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.93, 95% CI 1.29–6.65 for AA and aOR 4.19, 95% CI 1.83–9.56 for TE], COVID-19-related fear (aOR 1.70, 95% CI 1.01–2.89 for AA and aOR 2.620, 95% CI 1.25–5.48 for TE), and COVID-19-related traumatic stress symptoms (aOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.08–3.13 for AA, aOR 2.61, 95% CI 1.19–5.68 for TE, and aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.14–3.25 for SD) were the risk factors of hair fall disorders.ConclusionOur study showed that a large number of medical students experienced TE, AA, and SD during the pandemic era. COVID-19-related stress and fear potentially have an association with these diseases.

Published
2022
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