Search

The economic cost of Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to African economies have increased. Therefore, the GHG emissions and their concomitant effect on the environment are fast becoming costly to emerging economies like Ghana. Hence, the justification for the growing literature on the subject. This study employed the Autoregressive Distributive lag (ARDL) bounds test and Granger causality techniques with data from 1983 to 2014. The study examines the dynamic relationship between income growth, power consumption, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Ghana, capturing the role of domestic investment and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the nexus. All variables were found to be cointegrated in the long run based on the bounds test. The Granger causality test indicates a unidirectional causality from energy consumption to CO2 emissions and economic growth. Further, a unidirectional causality from CO2 to economic growth was found in Ghana. Due to the significant effect of domestic investments on CO2 emissions reduction in both the short run and long run, the study recommends policymakers to adopt policies that may increase domestic capital in place of FDI, which has been proven to exacerbate environmental degradation in host countries.

This study empirically examines the impact of Domestic Investment (DI) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the economic development of Cameroon from 1990 to 2018. The four factors investigated include financial development, institution, infrastructure, and social capital. Both the dynamic panel estimate and standing panel lapse methods were used to evaluate the connection between DI and FDI concerning the economic development based on the factors enumerated. The results show that DI has a positive influence on and correlates with the growth of the economy. In addition, it indicated that there is an improvement in the financial progress when FDI is on the increase. Moreover, this study indicates that the increase in the institutions, human capital, and the monetary system improves the economic development of the country. It can be inferred from the results that Cameroon had a significant increase in her infrastructures and school enrolment from 2001 to date because of the increase in DI and FDI. The results show that FDI negatively affects some social capital of the Cameroon people such as the displacement of schools and markets, which is consistent with previous studies and results from the literature reviewed.

As the world is struggling to fight off the COVID-19 pandemic, counties are witnessing unprecedented economic slowdowns and shutdowns. In Nigeria, the financial crisis is affecting the stability of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs). As the pandemic continues to ravage the country, SMEs are struggling to survive due to the decline in the production volumes and harsh market conditions. Our findings revealed that the cessation of movement, the reduction in consumer spending power, and decrease in imports is negatively affecting Nigerian SMEs. However, there are government policies set in place to protect SMEs, but there is a need for more efforts and interventions to enable them to survive the consequence of the pandemic. However, SMEs should be more proactive in adapting to this new situation.