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Objects: To analyze changes in consciousness level and blood pressure of acute stoke patients administering mannitol therapy. Methods: The study was a descriptive cohort. Thirty-four respondents were applied to selecting by purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive. Results: The results showed that there was an improvement in consciousness level (GCS). The improvement in the patient’s level of consciousness occurred after more than twenty-four hours of getting mannitol therapy. While the blood pressure until the third day, there were still suffering from hypertension. Conclusion: Improvements in consciousness level after administering mannitol therapy indicate loss of cerebral edema, improvement in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain perfusion pressure (CPP), and repair of damaged nerve cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A foot ulcer is a severe complications of diabetes, and patients' cultural backgrounds can greatly influence how they manage this condition. Aim: To explore the experience of people of the Batak Karo ethnic group in Indonesia in diabetic foot ulcer treatment. Methods: This was a phenomenological study where a purposeful sample of 10 people with diabetic foot ulcers participated in in-depth interviews. Data analysis was thematic using Van Manen's hermeneutic approach. Results: Five themes emerged from the study data: beliefs about health disorders; physical, psychological, social and spiritual changes; traditional treatments; cultural beliefs; and seeking health services. Discussion: People in the Batak Karo ethnic group strongly believe in supernatural powers and magic, and take part in a variety of traditional ceremonies to treat diabetic foot ulcers. They also use traditional treatments, including herbs. Nurses treating different ethnic groups, such as the Batak Karo people, should be culturally aware and competent to provide adequate care for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]