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Background: Preemptive analgesia is a method to provide effective pain relief after the surgery. This study was designed to compare the effects of single analgesic Ketamine intravenous (IV) versus combination of low dose Ketamine and Parecoxib IV as preemptive multimodal analgesia in patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, double blind study in 48 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study population was divided into two groups. Group I: treatment regimen of Injection (Inj.) Ketamine 0.3mg/kg IV plus Inj. Parecoxib 40mg IV. Group II: treatment regimen of Inj. Ketamine 0.3mg/kg IV plus saline. The treatment was given as single dose pre-operative. Inj. Fentanyl 0.5µg/kg was used as the rescue medication during the surgery and post-opertively. Total (intra-op and post-op) opioid, time for first opioid administration wasdetermined. Pain was assessed using Visual Analyzed Scale(VAS) and wasdetermined at 1 hour (hr.), 2 hr., 4 hr., and every 4 hr. interval till 24 hours after the surgery. Results: As compared to Group II, Group I patients were administeredsignificantly lower dose of opioid(0.16 ± 0.26 versus 0.37 ± 0.47µg/kg P= 0.032) during the surgery. Similarly, time to rescue medication post-operativewas significantly more in Group I patients as compared to Group II (68.1 ± 41.1 versus 20.1 ± 16.1 minutes P

Background Determination of vaccination rates for people living with HIV (PLWH) and factors that affect adherence to vaccination is important to ensure these vulnerable patients are optimally protected against vaccine-preventable diseases. We analyzed the rates of vaccination and associated factors in PLWH receiving care in the Henry Ford Health Infectious Diseases (HFH ID) Clinic in Detroit, MI. Methods We implemented a retrospective, observational study. Inclusion criteria were all PLWH who had at minimum two clinic visits at HFH ID clinic within 12 months from 2015-2021. Charts were reviewed for demographic data. We analyzed the rates of all eligible vaccines including the hepatitis A and B, HPV, influenza, pneumococcal, tetanus, zoster, and COVID-19 vaccines. Results A total of 661 met the inclusion criteria. Average age of the patients was 50 years. 78.6% were male, 74.3% black, and 57.6% patients were from Detroit. On average, patients had 1 clinic visit in the past year at HFH ID Clinic. Rates of influenza, pneumococcal, and tetanus vaccinations were above 90%. Rates of hepatitis A and B vaccinations were above 80%. Rates of zoster and HPV vaccinations were above 50%. COVID-19 vaccination had the lowest rate at 42.1%. Patients who had received all recommended vaccines were more likely to be male, have a HFH PCP, men who have sex with men (MSM), younger, more HFH ID clinic visits, and have a higher CD4 count on entry into care. Factors associated with increased vaccine uptake include having a HFH primary care physician (PCP), more HFH ID clinic visits, and a CD4 count above 200 on entry. Having 2 clinic visits in the previous year was associated with a higher likelihood of vaccine adherence [OR 5.85 (95% CI 0.360 – 0.723)]. Conclusion Our study shows that even in this highly vulnerable, vaccine-hesitant population, programs that integrate vaccines and promote adherence to clinic care into the routine care of PLWH results in high rates of vaccine uptake. Disclosures Indira Brar, MD, Gilead: Grant/Research Support|Gilead: speakers bureau|Janssen: Grant/Research Support|Janssen: speakers bureau.

Background:Preemptive analgesia is a method to provide effective pain relief after the surgery. This study was designed to compare the effects of single analgesic Ketamine intravenous (IV) versus combination of low dose Ketamine and Parecoxib IV as preemptive multimodal analgesia in patients undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Methods:This was a prospective, randomized, double blind study in 48 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The study population was divided into two groups. Group I: treatment regimen of Injection (Inj.) Ketamine 0.3mg/kg IV plus Inj. Parecoxib 40mg IV. Group II: treatment regimen of Inj. Ketamine 0.3mg/kg IV plus saline. The treatment was given as single dose pre-operative. Inj. Fentanyl 0.5µg/kg was used as the rescue medication during the surgery and post-opertively. Total (intra-op and post-op) opioid, time for first opioid administration wasdetermined. Pain was assessed using Visual Analyzed Scale(VAS) and wasdetermined at 1 hour (hr.), 2 hr., 4 hr., and every 4 hr. interval till 24 hours after the surgery. Results:As compared to Group II, Group I patients were administeredsignificantly lower dose of opioid(0.16 ± 0.26 versus 0.37 ± 0.47µg/kg P= 0.032) during the surgery. Similarly, time to rescue medication post-operativewas significantly more in Group I patients as compared to Group II (68.1 ± 41.1 versus 20.1 ± 16.1 minutes P Conclusion:Multimodal analgesia regimen using combination of two different groups of analgesics (Ketamine and Parecoxib)was found to be more effective than single analgesic in reducing pain in the post-op laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

A high precision and compact IOT based digital instrumentation setup to measure, display and record various tractor and implement system performance parameters was developed and installed on a 28.3 kW Tractor. The setup was capable of continuous monitoring and wirelessly transmitting tractor-implement performance parameters on a cloud platform such as engine speed, radiator fan speed, fuel consumption, draft, forward speed, lift arm angle, wheel slip, wheel slip, PTO speed, geo-location/position of the tractor, choking of seeds in the implement and vibrations experienced by the implement. For precision measurements, commercial transducers used in the system were calibrated and assessed under both static and dynamic conditions. The average calibration constant for fuel consumption, forward speed, lift arm angle and load cell were 0.00009804 L/pulse, 0.01610306 km/h/pulse, 0.056 mA/degree and 0.2575 mV/kN respectively. The system based on DataTaker DT 85 Data logger connected to a micro-computer through transducers capable of transferring data wirelessly was installed on John Deere 5038 tractor and was tested with a Spatially Modified No-Till Drill in agricultural field with varied implement depth.

Background Characterization of disease progression and outcomes after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–related hospitalization in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated individuals is limited. Methods This was a retrospective case–control study of symptomatic vaccinated (cases) and unvaccinated (controls) participants hospitalized for COVID-19 between December 30, 2020, and September 30, 2021, in Southeast Michigan. Hospitalized adult patients with lab-confirmed COVID-19 were identified through daily census report. Breakthrough infection was defined as detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ≥14 days after completion of the primary vaccination series. The association between prior vaccination and critical COVID-19 illness (composite of intensive care unit [ICU] admission, invasive mechanical ventilation [IMV], 28-day mortality) was examined. Results Two hundred ten (39%) fully vaccinated and 325 (61%) unvaccinated patients were evaluated. Compared with controls, cases were older, had more comorbidities (4 [3–7] vs 2 [1–4]; P Conclusions COVID-19-vaccinated patients were less likely to develop critical COVID-19 illness and more likely to survive. Disease severity at presentation was a predictor of adverse outcomes regardless of vaccination status.

The designing and development of heterogeneous catalysts for conversion of renewable energy to chemical energies by electrochemical as well as photochemical processes is at the forefront of energy research. In this work, two new donor-acceptor-based redox-active conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) (TAPA-OPE-mix and TAPA-OPE-gly) are synthesized through Schiff base condensation reaction using a microwave synthesizer. Notably, the asymmetric and symmetric bola-amphiphilic nature of the OPE struts results in distinct nanostructuring and morphologies in the CMPs. Interestingly, both CMPs show impressive heterogeneous catalytic activity toward electrochemical O2 reduction and photocatalytic H2 evolution reactions, and therefore, act as bimodal electro- and photocatalytic porous organic materials. Furthermore, the redox-active property of the CMPs is exploited for in situ generation and stabilization of platinum nanoparticles (Pt), and these Pt@CMPs exhibit significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity.

Toward the goal of clean and sustainable energy source, the development of a trifunctional electrocatalyst is a boon for energy storage and conversion devices such as regenerative fuel cells and metal-air batteries. MOF-derived semiconducting-metallic core-shell electrocatalyst Co3O4@Co/NCNT (NCNT = nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube), which was shown to catalyze oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), is also found to be an active electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with a low overpotential of 171 mV. Here, the HER activity of Co3O4@Co/NCNT is presented and is shown as highly efficient and robust trifunctional electrocatalyst. The detailed theoretical calculation has found N-center of Co-N4 moiety to be the H+ binding active site and thus proves Co3O4@Co/NCNT to be active for HER. Further, the ORR and OER bifunctionality of Co3O4@Co/NCNT helped in fabricating secondary Zn-air battery with high power density of 135 mW/cm2. Also, an all-solid-state flexible and wearable battery with Co3O4@Co/NCNT as cathode and electrodeposited Zn on carbon fiber cloth as anode was shown to withstand its performance even under stressed conditions. Finally, the material being trifunctional in nature was used both as an anode and cathode material for the electrolysis of water, which was powered by the Zn-air batteries with Co3O4@Co/NCNT as the cathode material. It is believed that the development of a trifunctional catalyst would help in wide commercialization of regenerative fuel cells.

We report a one-step, solvent-free, green approach for the mechanochemical stabilization of hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide (MAPbBr3) perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) within perovskite metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) [MA-M(HCOO)3] [M = Mn and Co; MA = methylammonium (CH3NH3+)]. The perovskite MOF acts as a template and source of MA cations for growing and stabilizing hybrid PQDs. The synthesis of the composite has been carried out mechanochemically, without the use of any external reagents by simply grinding the perovskite MOF with PbBr2. MAPbBr3@MA-Mn(HCOO)3 composite shows high chemical stability in several solvents. Its excellent processability has been demonstrated by using it as an electrode material which shows photoelectrochemical activity in the presence of light.

The impact of physical disability on protective behaviors during COVID-19 has been little studied. This retrospective study compared the 699 the self-declared behaviors of 699 people with disabilities before and after the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in England. We found that people with disabilities in England showed high compliance with protective behaviors and mitigation strategies during a period of legal restrictions. Following the lifting of restrictions, respondents engaged in less social mixing, fewer distancing and hygiene behaviors and were less likely to use face coverings. Hierarchical regressions revealed that socio-economic status, age, and gender moderated protective behaviors: while those with higher socio-economic status were more relaxed with regard to hygiene and distancing behaviors they were more cautious about mixing with others after the end of restrictions. Age, (male) gender, and being unvaccinated were positively associated with relaxation in the use of facemasks in public places, not needing a carer with fewer out-of-home visits. Taken together these findings suggest that the removal of restrictions had an unequal impact on the population of England, placing a disproportionate burden on some people with disabilities.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe chronic lung disease that causes irreversible scarring in the tissues of the lungs, which results in the loss of lung capacity. The Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) of the patient is an interesting measure to investigate this disease to have the prognosis of the disease. This paper proposes a deep learning-based FVC-Net architecture to predict the progression of the disease from the patient’s computed tomography (CT) scan and the patient’s metadata. The input to the model combines the image score generated based on the degree of honeycombing for a patient identified based on segmented lung images and the metadata. This input is then fed to a 3-layer net to obtain the final output. The performance of the proposed FVC-Net model is compared with various contemporary state-of-the-art deep learning-based models, which are available on a cohort from the pulmonary fibrosis progression dataset. The model showcased significant improvement in the performance over other models for modified Laplace Log-Likelihood (−6.64). Finally, the paper concludes with some prospects to be explored in the proposed study.