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The term "archaeoacoustics" does not simply mean the study of sound in archaeological contexts, but also the study of all physical phenomena in these sites. Using an archaeoacoustic approach it is possible to measure the frequencies of natural sounds and magnetic fields of archaeological sites and to interpret their possible sacred function. In previous research our research group (SBRG - Super Brain Research Group), an interdisciplinary team of researchers from various European countries, has demonstrated in some ancient temples the existence of a relationship between mechanical vibrations or magnetic fields induced by natural phenomena and brain activity. For the pyramid of Bomarzo, an ancient archaeological site in Lazio (Italy), we applied the same standard of research that we have used for several years. It is without doubt that the Bomarzo pyramid area owns typical characteristics of similar sacred sites we have previously examined in other locations. The presence of 14Hz almost everywhere at different volumes in the Bomarzo pyramid area is a feature we have often met with at other sacred sites such as Sogmatar and in Göbekli Tepe in South Anatolia where it was also possible to localize a similar powerful magnetic field as in the Bomarzo pyramid.

The town of Alatri is nestled among the hills one hundred miles southeast of Rome, Italy. It features a Cyclopean acropolis on the peak of the hill it sits on. A number of researchers say its origin dates back to a pre-Roman period, but the exact date it was built has not been determined. Our research group has been using archaeoacoustic methodology over the last seven years. Archaeoacoustics has enabled us to offer an explanation for some of the enigmas of ancient archaeological sites that were not previously possible to explain using other methods. Our hypothesis suggests the exposure to particular vibrations in the absence of audible noise could have a significant effect on the psyche of those who came for prayer and meditation, facilitating access into a mystical state. Following our experience, we utilised archaeoacoustic methodology to study Alatri acropolis in Italy from 2013 to 2015 over various missions. The experiment was carried on using three different methods of investigation: digital recording the full audio spectrum, a geologic device for confirming what we found on microphones in infrasound range and TRV technology. We used these methods over different seasons. If digital recording method is well known to every researcher in archaeoacoustics, not so well known is GeoBox SR04S3 Datasheet from Italian firm SARA. The digital accelerometer sensors are a high-performance instrument especially suitable for acquiring signals for seismological and geophysical surveys for recording ambient seismic noise and any other type of vibrations. Compact, reliable and simple, it is fully functional within minutes after deployment. Also not well known is TRV camera (Variable Resonance Imaging Camera, known in Italy as Merlin camera or Defend X system in Japan) coming from industrial use, along with specific annex software, Vibraimage Pro 8.3, is able to process the minimum vibratory differences present in the air resulting from the movement of air molecules visible only instrumentally in the various frames of videos taken by its wide spectrum optical sensor. At the highest point of the town stands the present Cathedral of Alatri which lies on a Cyclopean temple, therefore we sought to understand why such sacred temple was built on top of that hill and not in surrounding other sites. Using our protocols we discovered very strong and significant low vibrations (seismic waves) in that location, not detectable in the surrounding hills, continuously emitted from the subsoil and able to affect brain wave activity. Even though ancient people did not possess the same equipment we have today, they would have been aware of the conditions required to achieve such a mystical state, perhaps by simply sensing they were closer to God in a given site. The seismic waves would appear to arise from the geological fault located on both sides of the hill where the town has stood since ancient times. The presence of these seismic frequencies would have increased the effect of rituals by enhancing the psyche of the participants due to the influence of these low vibrations on human brain waves. This suggests the builders of this temple had some sort of knowledge of this effect and offers a possible explanation as to why the temple was built in that particular location.

The Apuan Alps, High Versilia and Garfagnana are part of the Apuan Alps Park, and are rich in petroglyphs and archaeological finds which are, in part, unknown and not precisely datable. These areas have been inhabited since Neolithic times but, the meaning and the reason for signs engraved on stone, is unclear. The Apuan Alps were chosen as a dwelling by people who left many ancestral and Christianity signs including sacred altars, thrones and artefacts carved in stone. This area acts like a stone atlas revealing our past and our roots. The Curiceta site is located inside a thick forest of chestnut trees, in an area where dried stone terraces are perfectly preserved. The first building approached along the path, is the so-called “fireplace”, a large flat stone that protrudes from the ground and surrounded by a series of aligned stones where, most probably, a fire was lit. Behind the big stone, is a cavity where the smoke could emerge. The lower part of the flat stone features a ”handle” carved in the rock, its function is still unknown. Along a short stretch of the uphill path protected by a high dry stone wall, lies the sacred stone altar. This enigmatic structure has revealed many surprises during the tests performed with electronic instruments. This altar is carved from a single block of stone and consists of a backrest and a horizontal supporting surface. From the left side, there are inclined planes which climb down, below these one can find a vertical groove. The altar features the same carved handle found on the ''fireplace''. Rock altars are very common around the world, for example throughout Southern Italy and the Middle East but, in High Versilia this is the only one example. Archaeoacoustic analysis of the altar found a dominant and powerful frequency present of between -47 and -50db at 25 – 28Hz. A second peak of infrasound at 15-16Hz was also found. This inaudible acoustic characteristic is commonly found at sacred sites, such as the Neolithic temples of Malta (Tarxien – Xaghra Stone Circle). These same vibrations are present near the altar but at a much lower volume. In this case the loudest volume was found directly under the altar decreasing as one walks away from it. In both cases, the most likely source of this frequency is from underground water. The emotional state of eight volunteers was analysed using a TRV camera. 7/8 felt emotionally uncomfortable or uneasy. Based on these results, a hypothesis was formulated on the function of the Curiceta’s site. The two stone structures are connected. On the altar, sacrifices were probably, made, with blood flowing along the left side to the groove on the floor. The fireplace, could have been used to burn the bodies or maybe just some organs.

Archaeoacoustics is an approach to analyze any archaeological sites that have interesting acoustic characteristics or natural physical phenomena affecting brain activity. It can be used to demonstrate for example sound occurrences incorporated into the design of the ancient structures by the architects. This is not the only application, following an anthropologic approach, archaeoacoustics can explain why during rituals an altered state of mind intensifies the experience. In fact natural phenomena, now scientifily mesuareable, influence the psychological state of the people by inducing mystical states. Over seven years of research in this field we have demonstrated ancient civilisations had some knowledge of this phenomena, through understanding the significance of why specific locations were choosen for buildings such as temples. Using digital recording equipment, it is now possible to record non-audible sound frequency bands. These bands have a direct effect on the human body and mind without a person being aware of the existence of their accompanying mechanical vibrations.

This paper extends our previous research of an artificial mound in Kanda (Macedonia) from an archaeoastronomical point of view. In two previous papers, SB Research Group explained its archaeoacoustic research and established the existence of several cavities, likely burial chambers, inside the mound. This mound is essentially a massive earthwork, which, on its top contains two concentric - approximately oval frames and a large geoglyph in the center which resembles the mirror image of the Constellation of Cassiopeia. Through analyzing the symbolism of the Macedonian royal dynasty and through dating by the method of the precession of equinoxes, we established that the geoglyph is precisely pointing to Alexander’s birthday in the calendar. The precise alignment of the rising Sun, Cassiopeia and geoglyph on Alexander’s birthday in 356 B.C. suggests that geoglyph contains something related to him, possibly his tomb or the tomb of a close relative.

Poggio Rota Stone Circle was discovered in recent times (2004) by an Italian researcher Giovanni Feo, an Etruscan civilization expert. The studies conducted at the site, which also involved researchers from Italian universities assumed that the megaliths of Poggio Rota were built towards the middle of the third millennium BC by the Rinaldone civilization (4000-2000 BC).Poggio Rota Stone Circle is the only existing monument of this kind in Italy in good condition. Another the Little San Bernardo Cromlech, in Valle d'Aosta has completely collapsed.An archaeoacoustic approach similar to that used at other stone circles in Portugal was used. We tested this structure to see if any natural sound phenomena or resonance were present, because it is understood that some ancient structures have been specially modeled to influence the mind through the use of sound to create an altered state of consciousness. In previous researches we demonstrated that there is a relationship between mechanical vibrations and brain activity in some ancient temples. The resonance phenomena results of 91Hz obtained by the use of a round drum were of interest, because similar results were also found in Cividale del Friuli Hypogeum in North-Italy and at ancient temples in the UK and Ireland by other researchers. A strong radioactivity inside the stone circle dangerous for human health (until 1,77 µSv/h) was also discovered to be present.

Archaeoacoustic analysis provides a complementary method to understand archaeological sites as opposed to a stand alone methodology. Such analysis however, can provide useful insights in cases where there is little or no historical documentation. In such cases, a medical anthropological approach can exploreany connection between the structure and the interaction with the human physiological can provide insight. This study of a Neolithic dolmen located on a peak in the Apuan Alps, Italy has no historical documentation. A medical anthropological approach was applied to the archaeoacoustic results and compared to a dolmen in Portugal. Subsurface vibrations, which have the effect of entraining the brain into a relaxed state, are present. Indeed, the large dolmen stones act like a transducer distributing strong infrasonic vibrations directly above and below the capstone. In the past this site covered a larger area than that found in the present day; on the opposite side of the mountain lie collapsed stones from another dolmen and a nearby quarry provides evidence of where the stones were mined. Both dolmens are orientated towards the equinox.

Archaeoacoustics offers a new way to interpret anthropological questions pertaining to ancient architecture and populations. Studies conducted at a number of ancient sites throughout Europe and Asia, have found the presence of natural phenomena capable of influencing the human brain. Earlier studies show that ancient populations most likely through use of empirical methods chose the location of their ceremonial sites for this reason. In Xaghra Hypogeum a stone circle located on the island of Gozo, Malta, infrasounds and audible low frequencies capable of affecting the brain were discovered. The caves and surrounding stones act like a musical box amplifying the natural sounds present and it is possible the natural caves could have been modified to enhance this aspect. Similar natural characteristics were also discovered at other archaeological sites in Europe and Asia, including Epidauros in Greece and Gobekli Tepe in Turkey. This is the third and final article on results of our researches in Malta e Gozo islands (Mediterranean Sea) from archaeoacoustic point of view.