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17 results on '"Tape, K. D."'

1. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Collier, L. Siegwart, Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., and van Bodegom, P. M.

Published
2019

2. Role of Land-Surface Changes in Arctic Summer Warming

Author

Chapin, F. S., Sturm, M., Serreze, M. C., McFadden, J. P., Key, J. R., Lloyd, A. H., McGuire, A. D., Rupp, T. S., Lynch, A. H., Schimel, J. P., Beringer, J., Chapman, W. L., Epstein, H. E., Euskirchen, E. S., Hinzman, L. D., Jia, G., Tape, K. D., Thompson, C. D. C., Walker, D. A., and Welker, J. M.

Published
2005

3. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. D., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Kattge, J., Diaz, S., Vellend, M., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Beck, P. S. A., Georges, D., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Rüger, N., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H. D., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., te Beest, M., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K. S., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Johnstone, J. F., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Kaarlejarvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T. C., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Shetti, R., Speed, J. D. M., Suding, K. N., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A. J., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, M., Venn, S. E., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wookey, P. A., Zamin, T. J., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., van Bodegom, P. M., Bond-Lamberty, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin, III, F. S., Craine, J. M., Dainese, M., Green, W. A., Jansen, S., Kleyer, M., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Onoda, Y., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Poschlod, P., Reich, P. B., Sandel, B., Schamp, B. S., Sheremetiev, S. N., and de Vries, F. T.

Published
2020
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5. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author

Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Kattge, J., Diaz, S., Vellend, M., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Beck, P. S. A., Georges, D., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Rüger, N., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H. D., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., te Beest, M., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K. S., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Johnstone, J. F., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Kaarlejarvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T. C., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Shetti, R., Speed, J. D. M., Suding, K. N., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A. J., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, M., Venn, S. E., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wookey, P. A., Zamin, T. J., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., van Bodegom, P. M., Bond-Lamberty, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin, F. S., Craine, J. M., Dainese, M., Green, W. A., Jansen, S., Kleyer, M., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Onoda, Y., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Poschlod, P., Reich, P. B., Sandel, B., Schamp, B. S., Sheremetiev, S. N., de Vries, F. T., Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Kattge, J., Diaz, S., Vellend, M., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Beck, P. S. A., Georges, D., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Rüger, N., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H. D., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., te Beest, M., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K. S., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Johnstone, J. F., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Kaarlejarvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T. C., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Shetti, R., Speed, J. D. M., Suding, K. N., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A. J., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, M., Venn, S. E., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wookey, P. A., Zamin, T. J., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., van Bodegom, P. M., Bond-Lamberty, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin, F. S., Craine, J. M., Dainese, M., Green, W. A., Jansen, S., Kleyer, M., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Onoda, Y., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Poschlod, P., Reich, P. B., Sandel, B., Schamp, B. S., Sheremetiev, S. N., and de Vries, F. T.

Published
2020

6. Shallow soils are warmer under trees and tall shrubs across Arctic and Boreal ecosystems

Author

Kropp, H. (Heather), Loranty, M. M. (Michael M.), Natali, S. M. (Susan M.), Kholodov, A. L. (Alexander L.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian, V), Myers-Smith, I. (Isla), Abbot, B. W. (Benjamin W.), Abermann, J. (Jakob), Blanc-Betes, E. (Elena), Blok, D. (Daan), Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche), Boike, J. (Julia), Breen, A. L. (Amy L.), Cahoon, S. M. (Sean M. P.), Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.), Douglas, T. A. (Thomas A.), Epstein, H. E. (Howard E.), Frost, G. V. (Gerald, V), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Mamet, S. D. (Steven D.), O'Donnell, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Olefeldt, D. (David), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Salmon, V. G. (Verity G.), Sannel, A. B. (A. Britta K.), Smith, S. L. (Sharon L.), Sonnentag, O. (Oliver), Vaughn, L. S. (Lydia Smith), Williams, M. (Mathew), Elberling, B. (Bo), Gough, L. (Laura), Hjort, J. (Jan), Lafleur, P. M. (Peter M.), Euskirchen, E. S. (Eugenie S.), Heijmans, M. M. (Monique M. P. D.), Humphreys, E. R. (Elyn R.), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jones, B. M. (Benjamin M.), Jorgenson, M. T. (M. Torre), Gruenberg, I. (Inge), Kim, Y. (Yongwon), Laundre, J. (James), Mauritz, M. (Marguerite), Michelsen, A. (Anders), Schaepman-Strub, G. (Gabriela), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Lee, B.-Y. (Bang-Yong), Langley, K. (Kirsty), Lund, M. (Magnus), Kropp, H. (Heather), Loranty, M. M. (Michael M.), Natali, S. M. (Susan M.), Kholodov, A. L. (Alexander L.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian, V), Myers-Smith, I. (Isla), Abbot, B. W. (Benjamin W.), Abermann, J. (Jakob), Blanc-Betes, E. (Elena), Blok, D. (Daan), Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche), Boike, J. (Julia), Breen, A. L. (Amy L.), Cahoon, S. M. (Sean M. P.), Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.), Douglas, T. A. (Thomas A.), Epstein, H. E. (Howard E.), Frost, G. V. (Gerald, V), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Mamet, S. D. (Steven D.), O'Donnell, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Olefeldt, D. (David), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Salmon, V. G. (Verity G.), Sannel, A. B. (A. Britta K.), Smith, S. L. (Sharon L.), Sonnentag, O. (Oliver), Vaughn, L. S. (Lydia Smith), Williams, M. (Mathew), Elberling, B. (Bo), Gough, L. (Laura), Hjort, J. (Jan), Lafleur, P. M. (Peter M.), Euskirchen, E. S. (Eugenie S.), Heijmans, M. M. (Monique M. P. D.), Humphreys, E. R. (Elyn R.), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jones, B. M. (Benjamin M.), Jorgenson, M. T. (M. Torre), Gruenberg, I. (Inge), Kim, Y. (Yongwon), Laundre, J. (James), Mauritz, M. (Marguerite), Michelsen, A. (Anders), Schaepman-Strub, G. (Gabriela), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Lee, B.-Y. (Bang-Yong), Langley, K. (Kirsty), and Lund, M. (Magnus)

Abstract

Soils are warming as air temperatures rise across the Arctic and Boreal region concurrent with the expansion of tall-statured shrubs and trees in the tundra. Changes in vegetation structure and function are expected to alter soil thermal regimes, thereby modifying climate feedbacks related to permafrost thaw and carbon cycling. However, current understanding of vegetation impacts on soil temperature is limited to local or regional scales and lacks the generality necessary to predict soil warming and permafrost stability on a pan-Arctic scale. Here we synthesize shallow soil and air temperature observations with broad spatial and temporal coverage collected across 106 sites representing nine different vegetation types in the permafrost region. We showed ecosystems with tall-statured shrubs and trees (>40 cm) have warmer shallow soils than those with short-statured tundra vegetation when normalized to a constant air temperature. In tree and tall shrub vegetation types, cooler temperatures in the warm season do not lead to cooler mean annual soil temperature indicating that ground thermal regimes in the cold-season rather than the warm-season are most critical for predicting soil warming in ecosystems underlain by permafrost. Our results suggest that the expansion of tall shrubs and trees into tundra regions can amplify shallow soil warming, and could increase the potential for increased seasonal thaw depth and increase soil carbon cycling rates and lead to increased carbon dioxide loss and further permafrost thaw.

Published
2020

7. Divergence of Arctic shrub growth associated with sea ice decline

Author

Buchwal, A. (Agata), Sullivan, P. F. (Patrick F.), Macias-Fauria, M. (Marc), Post, E. (Eric), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Stroeve, J. C. (Julienne C.), Blok, D. (Daan), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Forbes, B. C. (Bruce C.), Ropars, P. (Pascale), Lévesque, E. (Esther), Elberling, B. (Bo), Angers-Blondin, S. (Sandra), Boyle, J. S. (Joseph S.), Boudreau, S. (Stéphane), Boulanger-Lapointe, N. (Noémie), Gamm, C. (Cassandra), Hallinger, M. (Martin), Rachlewicz, G. (Grzegorz), Young, A. (Amanda), Zetterberg, P. (Pentti), Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.), Buchwal, A. (Agata), Sullivan, P. F. (Patrick F.), Macias-Fauria, M. (Marc), Post, E. (Eric), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Stroeve, J. C. (Julienne C.), Blok, D. (Daan), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Forbes, B. C. (Bruce C.), Ropars, P. (Pascale), Lévesque, E. (Esther), Elberling, B. (Bo), Angers-Blondin, S. (Sandra), Boyle, J. S. (Joseph S.), Boudreau, S. (Stéphane), Boulanger-Lapointe, N. (Noémie), Gamm, C. (Cassandra), Hallinger, M. (Martin), Rachlewicz, G. (Grzegorz), Young, A. (Amanda), Zetterberg, P. (Pentti), and Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.)

Abstract

Arctic sea ice extent (SIE) is declining at an accelerating rate with a wide range of ecological consequences. However, determining sea ice effects on tundra vegetation remains a challenge. In this study, we examined the universality or lack thereof in tundra shrub growth responses to changes in SIE and summer climate across the Pan-Arctic, taking advantage of 23 tundra shrub-ring chronologies from 19 widely distributed sites (56°N to 83°N). We show a clear divergence in shrub growth responses to SIE that began in the mid-1990s, with 39% of the chronologies showing declines and 57% showing increases in radial growth (decreasers and increasers, respectively). Structural equation models revealed that declining SIE was associated with rising air temperature and precipitation for increasers and with increasingly dry conditions for decreasers. Decreasers tended to be from areas of the Arctic with lower summer precipitation and their growth decline was related to decreases in the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index. Our findings suggest that moisture limitation, associated with declining SIE, might inhibit the positive effects of warming on shrub growth over a considerable part of the terrestrial Arctic, thereby complicating predictions of vegetation change and future tundra productivity.

Published
2020

8. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. (H. J. D.), Bjorkman, A. D. (A. D.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (I. H.), Elmendorf, S. C. (S. C.), Kattge, J. (J.), Diaz, S. (S.), Vellend, M. (M.), Blok, D. (D.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. H. C.), Forbes, B. C. (B. C.), Henry, G. H. (G. H. R.), Hollister, R. D. (R. D.), Normand, S. (S.), Prevey, J. S. (J. S.), Rixen, C. (C.), Schaepman-Strub, G. (G.), Wilmking, M. (M.), Wipf, S. (S.), Cornwell, W. K. (W. K.), Beck, P. S. (P. S. A.), Georges, D. (D.), Goetz, S. J. (S. J.), Guay, K. C. (K. C.), Ruger, N. (N.), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (N. A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (M. J.), Alatalo, J. M. (J. M.), Alexander, H. D. (H. D.), Anadon-Rosell, A. (A.), Angers-Blondin, S. (S.), te Beest, M. (M.), Berner, L. T. (L. T.), Bjoerk, R. G. (R. G.), Buchwal, A. (A.), Buras, A. (A.), Carbognani, M. (M.), Christie, K. S. (K. S.), Collier, L. S. (L. S.), Cooper, E. J. (E. J.), Elberling, B. (B.), Eskelinen, A. (A.), Frei, E. R. (E. R.), Grau, O. (O.), Grogan, P. (P.), Hallinger, M. (M.), Heijmans, M. M. (M. M. P. D.), Hermanutz, L. (L.), Hudson, J. M. (J. M. G.), Johnstone, J. F. (J. F.), Huelber, K. (K.), Iturrate-Garcia, M. (M.), Iversen, C. M. (C. M.), Jaroszynska, F. (F.), Kaarlejarvi, E. (E.), Kulonen, A. (A.), Lamarque, L. J. (L. J.), Lantz, T. C. (T. C.), Levesque, E. (E.), Little, C. J. (C. J.), Michelsen, A. (A.), Milbau, A. (A.), Nabe-Nielsen, J. (J.), Nielsen, S. S. (S. S.), Ninot, J. M. (J. M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (S. F.), Olofsson, J. (J.), Onipchenko, V. G. (V. G.), Petraglia, A. (A.), Rumpf, S. B. (S. B.), Shetti, R. (R.), Speed, J. D. (J. D. M.), Suding, K. N. (K. N.), Tape, K. D. (K. D.), Tomaselli, M. (M.), Trant, A. J. (A. J.), Treier, U. A. (U. A.), Tremblay, M. (M.), Venn, S. E. (S. E.), Vowles, T. (T.), Weijers, S. (S.), Wookey, P. A. (P. A.), Zamin, T. J. (T. J.), Bahn, M. (M.), Blonder, B. (B.), van Bodegom, P. M. (P. M.), Bond-Lamberty, B. (B.), Campetella, G. (G.), Cerabolini, B. E. (B. E. L.), Chapin, F. S. (F. S., III), Craine, J. M. (J. M.), Dainese, M. (M.), Green, W. A. (W. A.), Jansen, S. (S.), Kleyer, M. (M.), Manning, P. (P.), Niinemets, U. (U.), Onoda, Y. (Y.), Ozinga, W. A. (W. A.), Penuelas, J. (J.), Poschlod, P. (P.), Reich, P. B. (P. B.), Sandel, B. (B.), Schamp, B. S. (B. S.), Sheremetiev, S. N. (S. N.), de Vries, F. T. (F. T.), Thomas, H. J. (H. J. D.), Bjorkman, A. D. (A. D.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (I. H.), Elmendorf, S. C. (S. C.), Kattge, J. (J.), Diaz, S. (S.), Vellend, M. (M.), Blok, D. (D.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. H. C.), Forbes, B. C. (B. C.), Henry, G. H. (G. H. R.), Hollister, R. D. (R. D.), Normand, S. (S.), Prevey, J. S. (J. S.), Rixen, C. (C.), Schaepman-Strub, G. (G.), Wilmking, M. (M.), Wipf, S. (S.), Cornwell, W. K. (W. K.), Beck, P. S. (P. S. A.), Georges, D. (D.), Goetz, S. J. (S. J.), Guay, K. C. (K. C.), Ruger, N. (N.), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (N. A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (M. J.), Alatalo, J. M. (J. M.), Alexander, H. D. (H. D.), Anadon-Rosell, A. (A.), Angers-Blondin, S. (S.), te Beest, M. (M.), Berner, L. T. (L. T.), Bjoerk, R. G. (R. G.), Buchwal, A. (A.), Buras, A. (A.), Carbognani, M. (M.), Christie, K. S. (K. S.), Collier, L. S. (L. S.), Cooper, E. J. (E. J.), Elberling, B. (B.), Eskelinen, A. (A.), Frei, E. R. (E. R.), Grau, O. (O.), Grogan, P. (P.), Hallinger, M. (M.), Heijmans, M. M. (M. M. P. D.), Hermanutz, L. (L.), Hudson, J. M. (J. M. G.), Johnstone, J. F. (J. F.), Huelber, K. (K.), Iturrate-Garcia, M. (M.), Iversen, C. M. (C. M.), Jaroszynska, F. (F.), Kaarlejarvi, E. (E.), Kulonen, A. (A.), Lamarque, L. J. (L. J.), Lantz, T. C. (T. C.), Levesque, E. (E.), Little, C. J. (C. J.), Michelsen, A. (A.), Milbau, A. (A.), Nabe-Nielsen, J. (J.), Nielsen, S. S. (S. S.), Ninot, J. M. (J. M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (S. F.), Olofsson, J. (J.), Onipchenko, V. G. (V. G.), Petraglia, A. (A.), Rumpf, S. B. (S. B.), Shetti, R. (R.), Speed, J. D. (J. D. M.), Suding, K. N. (K. N.), Tape, K. D. (K. D.), Tomaselli, M. (M.), Trant, A. J. (A. J.), Treier, U. A. (U. A.), Tremblay, M. (M.), Venn, S. E. (S. E.), Vowles, T. (T.), Weijers, S. (S.), Wookey, P. A. (P. A.), Zamin, T. J. (T. J.), Bahn, M. (M.), Blonder, B. (B.), van Bodegom, P. M. (P. M.), Bond-Lamberty, B. (B.), Campetella, G. (G.), Cerabolini, B. E. (B. E. L.), Chapin, F. S. (F. S., III), Craine, J. M. (J. M.), Dainese, M. (M.), Green, W. A. (W. A.), Jansen, S. (S.), Kleyer, M. (M.), Manning, P. (P.), Niinemets, U. (U.), Onoda, Y. (Y.), Ozinga, W. A. (W. A.), Penuelas, J. (J.), Poschlod, P. (P.), Reich, P. B. (P. B.), Sandel, B. (B.), Schamp, B. S. (B. S.), Sheremetiev, S. N. (S. N.), and de Vries, F. T. (F. T.)

Abstract

The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world.

Published
2020

9. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size‐related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. (H. J. D.), Myers‐Smith, I. H. (I. H.), Bjorkman, A. D. (A. D.), Elmendorf, S. C. (S. C.), Blok, D. (D.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. H. C.), Forbes, B. C. (B. C.), Hollister, R. D. (R. D.), Normand, S. (S.), Prevéy, J. S. (J. S.), Rixen, C. (C.), Schaepman‐Strub, G. (G.), Wilmking, M. (M.), Wipf, S. (S.), Cornwell, W. K. (W. K.), Kattge, J. (J.), Goetz, S. J. (S. J.), Guay, K. C. (K. C.), Alatalo, J. M. (J. M.), Anadon‐Rosell, A. (A.), Angers‐Blondin, S. (S.), Berner, L. T. (L. T.), Björk, R. G. (R. G.), Buchwal, A. (A.), Buras, A. (A.), Carbognani, M. (M.), Christie, K. (K.), Siegwart Collier, L. (L.), Cooper, E. J. (E. J.), Eskelinen, A. (A.), Frei, E. R. (E. R.), Grau, O. (O.), Grogan, P. (P.), Hallinger, M. (M.), Heijmans, M. M. (M. M. P. D.), Hermanutz, L. (L.), Hudson, J. M. (J. M. G.), Hülber, K. (K.), Iturrate‐Garcia, M. (M.), Iversen, C. M. (C. M.), Jaroszynska, F. (F.), Johnstone, J. F. (J. F.), Kaarlejärvi, E. (E.), Kulonen, A. (A.), Lamarque, L. J. (L. J.), Lévesque, E. (E.), Michelsen, A. (A.), Milbau, A. (A.), Nabe‐Nielsen, J. (J.), Nielsen, S. S. (S. S.), Ninot, J. M. (J. M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (S. F.), Olofsson, J. (J.), Onipchenko, V. G. (V. G.), Petraglia, A. (A.), Rumpf, S. B. (S. B.), Semenchuk, P. R. (P. R.), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (N. A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (M. J.), Speed, J. D. (J. D. M.), Tape, K. D. (K. D.), te Beest, M. (M.), Tomaselli, M. (M.), Trant, A. (A.), Treier, U. A. (U. A.), Venn, S. (S.), Vowles, T. (T.), Weijers, S. (S.), Zamin, T. (T.), Atkin, O. K. (O. K.), Bahn, M. (M.), Blonder, B. (B.), Campetella, G. (G.), Cerabolini, B. E. (B. E. L.), Chapin III, F. S. (F. S.), Dainese, M. (M.), de Vries, F. T. (F. T.), Díaz, S. (S.), Green, W. (W.), Jackson, R. B. (R. B.), Manning, P. (P.), Niinemets, Ü. (Ü.), Ozinga, W. A. (W. A.), Peñuelas, J. (J.), Reich, P. B. (P. B.), Schamp, B. (B.), Sheremetev, S. (S.), and van Bodegom, P. M. (P. M.)

Subjects
vegetation change, plant traits, ecosystem function, food and beverages, tundra biome, community composition, plant functional types, plant functional groups, cluster analysis
Abstract

Aim: Plant functional groups are widely used in community ecology and earth system modelling to describe trait variation within and across plant communities. However, this approach rests on the assumption that functional groups explain a large proportion of trait variation among species. We test whether four commonly used plant functional groups represent variation in six ecologically important plant traits. Location: Tundra biome. Time period: Data collected between 1964 and 2016. Major taxa studied: 295 tundra vascular plant species. Methods: We compiled a database of six plant traits (plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, seed mass) for tundra species. We examined the variation in species‐level trait expression explained by four traditional functional groups (evergreen shrubs, deciduous shrubs, graminoids, forbs), and whether variation explained was dependent upon the traits included in analysis. We further compared the explanatory power and species composition of functional groups to alternative classifications generated using post hoc clustering of species‐level traits. Results: Traditional functional groups explained significant differences in trait expression, particularly amongst traits associated with resource economics, which were consistent across sites and at the biome scale. However, functional groups explained 19% of overall trait variation and poorly represented differences in traits associated with plant size. Post hoc classification of species did not correspond well with traditional functional groups, and explained twice as much variation in species‐level trait expression. Main conclusions: Traditional functional groups only coarsely represent variation in well‐measured traits within tundra plant communities, and better explain resource economic traits than size‐related traits. We recommend caution when using functional group approaches to predict tundra vegetation change, or ecosystem functions relating to plant size, such as albedo or carbon storage. We argue that alternative classifications or direct use of specific plant traits could provide new insights for ecological prediction and modelling.

Published
2019

10. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size-related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., van Bodegom, P. M., Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Thomas, H. J. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Bjorkman, A. D., Elmendorf, S. C., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., Hollister, R. D., Normand, S., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Schaepman-Strub, G., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Cornwell, W. K., Kattge, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Alatalo, J. M., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Berner, L. T., Björk, R. G., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Siegwart Collier, L., Cooper, E. J., Eskelinen, A., Frei, E. R., Grau, O., Grogan, P., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Hermanutz, L., Hudson, J. M. G., Hülber, K., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Johnstone, J. F., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Rumpf, S. B., Semenchuk, P. R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Tape, K. D., te Beest, M., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Venn, S., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Zamin, T., Atkin, O. K., Bahn, M., Blonder, B., Campetella, G., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Chapin III, F. S., Dainese, M., de Vries, F. T., Díaz, S., Green, W., Jackson, R. B., Manning, P., Niinemets, Ü., Ozinga, W. A., Peñuelas, J., Reich, P. B., Schamp, B., Sheremetev, S., and van Bodegom, P. M.

Published
2019

11. Traditional plant functional groups explain variation in economic but not size‐related traits across the tundra biome

Author

Thomas, H. J. D., primary, Myers‐Smith, I. H., additional, Bjorkman, A. D., additional, Elmendorf, S. C., additional, Blok, D., additional, Cornelissen, J. H. C., additional, Forbes, B. C., additional, Hollister, R. D., additional, Normand, S., additional, Prevéy, J. S., additional, Rixen, C., additional, Schaepman‐Strub, G., additional, Wilmking, M., additional, Wipf, S., additional, Cornwell, W. K., additional, Kattge, J., additional, Goetz, S. J., additional, Guay, K. C., additional, Alatalo, J. M., additional, Anadon‐Rosell, A., additional, Angers‐Blondin, S., additional, Berner, L. T., additional, Björk, R. G., additional, Buchwal, A., additional, Buras, A., additional, Carbognani, M., additional, Christie, K., additional, Siegwart Collier, L., additional, Cooper, E. J., additional, Eskelinen, A., additional, Frei, E. R., additional, Grau, O., additional, Grogan, P., additional, Hallinger, M., additional, Heijmans, M. M. P. D., additional, Hermanutz, L., additional, Hudson, J. M. G., additional, Hülber, K., additional, Iturrate‐Garcia, M., additional, Iversen, C. M., additional, Jaroszynska, F., additional, Johnstone, J. F., additional, Kaarlejärvi, E., additional, Kulonen, A., additional, Lamarque, L. J., additional, Lévesque, E., additional, Little, C. J., additional, Michelsen, A., additional, Milbau, A., additional, Nabe‐Nielsen, J., additional, Nielsen, S. S., additional, Ninot, J. M., additional, Oberbauer, S. F., additional, Olofsson, J., additional, Onipchenko, V. G., additional, Petraglia, A., additional, Rumpf, S. B., additional, Semenchuk, P. R., additional, Soudzilovskaia, N. A., additional, Spasojevic, M. J., additional, Speed, J. D. M., additional, Tape, K. D., additional, te Beest, M., additional, Tomaselli, M., additional, Trant, A., additional, Treier, U. A., additional, Venn, S., additional, Vowles, T., additional, Weijers, S., additional, Zamin, T., additional, Atkin, O. K., additional, Bahn, M., additional, Blonder, B., additional, Campetella, G., additional, Cerabolini, B. E. L., additional, Chapin III, F. S., additional, Dainese, M., additional, de Vries, F. T., additional, Díaz, S., additional, Green, W., additional, Jackson, R. B., additional, Manning, P., additional, Niinemets, Ü., additional, Ozinga, W. A., additional, Peñuelas, J., additional, Reich, P. B., additional, Schamp, B., additional, Sheremetev, S., additional, and van Bodegom, P. M., additional

Published
2018
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12. The influence of vegetation on shallow soil and air temperature coupling: a Pan-Arctic data synthesis

Author

Kropp, H., Loranty, M. M., Natali, S., Kholodov, A. L., Abbott, B., Abermann, J., Blanc-Betes, E., Blok, D., Blume-Werry, G., Boike, Julia, Breen, A. L., Cahoon, S. M. P., Christiansen, C., Douglas, T. A., Elberling, B., Epstein, H. E., Euskirchen, E. S., Frost, G., Goeckede, M., Gough, L., Heijmans, M., Hjort, J., Hoye, T. T., Humphreys, E., Iversen, C. M., Iwata, H., Jones, B. M., Jorgenson, T., Grünberg, Inge, Kim, Y., Lafleur, P., Laundre, J., Lund, M., Mamet, S., Mauritz, M., Michelsen, A., Myers-Smith, I. H., O'Donnell, J., Olefeldt, D., Phoenix, G. K., Rocha, A. V., Romanovsky, V. E., Salmon, V. G., Sannel, B., Schaepman-Strub, G., Smith, S. L., Sonnentag, O., Tape, K. D., Torn, M. S., Vaughn, L. S., Williams, M., Wilson, C. J., Kropp, H., Loranty, M. M., Natali, S., Kholodov, A. L., Abbott, B., Abermann, J., Blanc-Betes, E., Blok, D., Blume-Werry, G., Boike, Julia, Breen, A. L., Cahoon, S. M. P., Christiansen, C., Douglas, T. A., Elberling, B., Epstein, H. E., Euskirchen, E. S., Frost, G., Goeckede, M., Gough, L., Heijmans, M., Hjort, J., Hoye, T. T., Humphreys, E., Iversen, C. M., Iwata, H., Jones, B. M., Jorgenson, T., Grünberg, Inge, Kim, Y., Lafleur, P., Laundre, J., Lund, M., Mamet, S., Mauritz, M., Michelsen, A., Myers-Smith, I. H., O'Donnell, J., Olefeldt, D., Phoenix, G. K., Rocha, A. V., Romanovsky, V. E., Salmon, V. G., Sannel, B., Schaepman-Strub, G., Smith, S. L., Sonnentag, O., Tape, K. D., Torn, M. S., Vaughn, L. S., Williams, M., and Wilson, C. J.

Published
2018

13. Tundra Trait Team:a database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome

Author

Bjorkman, A. D. (Anne D.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.), Normand, S. (Signe), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, H. (Heather), Anadon-Rosell, A. (Alba), Angers-Blondin, S. (Sandra), Bai, Y. (Yang), Baruah, G. (Gaurav), te Beest, M. (Mariska), Berner, L. (Logan), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Blok, D. (Daan), Bruelheide, H. (Helge), Buchwal, A. (Agata), Buras, A. (Allan), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Christie, K. (Katherine), Collier, L. S. (Laura S.), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.), Dickinson, K. J. (Katharine J. M.), Dullinger, S. (Stefan), Elberling, B. (Bo), Eskelinen, A. (Anu), Forbes, B. C. (Bruce C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Iturrate-Garcia, M. (Maitane), Good, M. K. (Megan K.), Grau, O. (Oriol), Green, P. (Peter), Greve, M. (Michelle), Grogan, P. (Paul), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Hallinger, M. (Martin), Happonen, K. (Konsta), Harper, K. A. (Karen A.), Heijmans, M. M. (Monique M. P. D.), Henry, G. H. (Gregory H. R.), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hewitt, R. E. (Rebecca E.), Hollister, R. D. (Robert D.), Hudson, J. (James), Huelber, K. (Karl), Iversen, C. M. (Colleen M.), Jaroszynska, F. (Francesca), Jimenez-Alfaro, B. (Borja), Johnstone, J. (Jill), Jorgensen, R. H. (Rasmus Halfdan), Kaarlejarvi, E. (Elina), Klady, R. (Rebecca), Klimesova, J. (Jitka), Korsten, A. (Annika), Kuleza, S. (Sara), Kulonen, A. (Aino), Lamarque, L. J. (Laurent J.), Lantz, T. (Trevor), Lavalle, A. (Amanda), Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), Levesque, E. (Esther), Little, C. J. (Chelsea J.), Luoto, M. (Miska), Macek, P. (Petr), Mack, M. C. (Michelle C.), Mathakutha, R. (Rabia), Michelsen, A. (Anders), Milbau, A. (Ann), Molau, U. (Ulf), Morgan, J. W. (John W.), Morsdorf, M. A. (Martin Alfons), Nabe-Nielsen, J. (Jacob), Nielsen, S. S. (Sigrid Scholer), Ninot, J. M. (Josep M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (Steven F.), Olofsson, J. (Johan), Onipchenko, V. G. (Vladimir G.), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Pickering, C. (Catherine), Prevey, J. S. (Janet S.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Rumpf, S. B. (Sabine B.), Schaepman-Strub, G. (Gabriela), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Shetti, R. (Rohan), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (Nadejda A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James David Mervyn), Street, L. E. (Lorna E.), Suding, K. (Katharine), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Trant, A. (Andrew), Treier, U. A. (Urs A.), Tremblay, J.-P. (Jean-Pierre), Tremblay, M. (Maxime), Venn, S. (Susanna), Virkkala, A.-M. (Anna-Maria), Vowles, T. (Tage), Weijers, S. (Stef), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Zamin, T. (Tara), Bjorkman, A. D. (Anne D.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.), Normand, S. (Signe), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, H. (Heather), Anadon-Rosell, A. (Alba), Angers-Blondin, S. (Sandra), Bai, Y. (Yang), Baruah, G. (Gaurav), te Beest, M. (Mariska), Berner, L. (Logan), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Blok, D. (Daan), Bruelheide, H. (Helge), Buchwal, A. (Agata), Buras, A. (Allan), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Christie, K. (Katherine), Collier, L. S. (Laura S.), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.), Dickinson, K. J. (Katharine J. M.), Dullinger, S. (Stefan), Elberling, B. (Bo), Eskelinen, A. (Anu), Forbes, B. C. (Bruce C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Iturrate-Garcia, M. (Maitane), Good, M. K. (Megan K.), Grau, O. (Oriol), Green, P. (Peter), Greve, M. (Michelle), Grogan, P. (Paul), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Hajek, T. (Tomas), Hallinger, M. (Martin), Happonen, K. (Konsta), Harper, K. A. (Karen A.), Heijmans, M. M. (Monique M. P. D.), Henry, G. H. (Gregory H. R.), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hewitt, R. E. (Rebecca E.), Hollister, R. D. (Robert D.), Hudson, J. (James), Huelber, K. (Karl), Iversen, C. M. (Colleen M.), Jaroszynska, F. (Francesca), Jimenez-Alfaro, B. (Borja), Johnstone, J. (Jill), Jorgensen, R. H. (Rasmus Halfdan), Kaarlejarvi, E. (Elina), Klady, R. (Rebecca), Klimesova, J. (Jitka), Korsten, A. (Annika), Kuleza, S. (Sara), Kulonen, A. (Aino), Lamarque, L. J. (Laurent J.), Lantz, T. (Trevor), Lavalle, A. (Amanda), Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), Levesque, E. (Esther), Little, C. J. (Chelsea J.), Luoto, M. (Miska), Macek, P. (Petr), Mack, M. C. (Michelle C.), Mathakutha, R. (Rabia), Michelsen, A. (Anders), Milbau, A. (Ann), Molau, U. (Ulf), Morgan, J. W. (John W.), Morsdorf, M. A. (Martin Alfons), Nabe-Nielsen, J. (Jacob), Nielsen, S. S. (Sigrid Scholer), Ninot, J. M. (Josep M.), Oberbauer, S. F. (Steven F.), Olofsson, J. (Johan), Onipchenko, V. G. (Vladimir G.), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Pickering, C. (Catherine), Prevey, J. S. (Janet S.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Rumpf, S. B. (Sabine B.), Schaepman-Strub, G. (Gabriela), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Shetti, R. (Rohan), Soudzilovskaia, N. A. (Nadejda A.), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James David Mervyn), Street, L. E. (Lorna E.), Suding, K. (Katharine), Tape, K. D. (Ken D.), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Trant, A. (Andrew), Treier, U. A. (Urs A.), Tremblay, J.-P. (Jean-Pierre), Tremblay, M. (Maxime), Venn, S. (Susanna), Virkkala, A.-M. (Anna-Maria), Vowles, T. (Tage), Weijers, S. (Stef), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wipf, S. (Sonja), and Zamin, T. (Tara)

Abstract

Motivation: The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field‐based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade‐offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained: The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits (> 1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain: Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub‐Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain: All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement: Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format: csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.

Published
2018

14. Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome

Author

Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Normand, S., Thomas, H. J. D., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Bai, Y., Baruah, G., te Beest, M., Berner, L., Björk, R. G., Blok, D., Bruelheide, H., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Dickinson, K. J. M., Dullinger, S., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Forbes, B. C., Frei, E. R., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Good, M. K., Grau, O., Green, P., Greve, M., Grogan, P., Haider, S., Hájek, T., Hallinger, M., Happonen, K., Harper, K. A., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Henry, G. H. R., Hermanutz, L., Hewitt, R. E., Hollister, R. D., Hudson, J., Hülber, K., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Jiménez-Alfaro, B., Johnstone, J., Jorgensen, R. H., Kaarlejärvi, E., Klady, R., Klimešová, J., Korsten, A., Kuleza, S., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T., Lavalle, A., Lembrechts, J. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Luoto, M., Macek, P., Mack, M. C., Mathakutha, R., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Molau, U., Morgan, J. W., Mörsdorf, M. A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Pickering, C., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Rumpf, S. B., Schaepman-Strub, G., Semenchuk, P., Shetti, R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Street, L. E., Suding, K., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, J. P., Tremblay, M., Venn, S., Virkkala, A. M., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., Zamin, T., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers-Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Normand, S., Thomas, H. J. D., Alatalo, J. M., Alexander, H., Anadon-Rosell, A., Angers-Blondin, S., Bai, Y., Baruah, G., te Beest, M., Berner, L., Björk, R. G., Blok, D., Bruelheide, H., Buchwal, A., Buras, A., Carbognani, M., Christie, K., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Dickinson, K. J. M., Dullinger, S., Elberling, B., Eskelinen, A., Forbes, B. C., Frei, E. R., Iturrate-Garcia, M., Good, M. K., Grau, O., Green, P., Greve, M., Grogan, P., Haider, S., Hájek, T., Hallinger, M., Happonen, K., Harper, K. A., Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Henry, G. H. R., Hermanutz, L., Hewitt, R. E., Hollister, R. D., Hudson, J., Hülber, K., Iversen, C. M., Jaroszynska, F., Jiménez-Alfaro, B., Johnstone, J., Jorgensen, R. H., Kaarlejärvi, E., Klady, R., Klimešová, J., Korsten, A., Kuleza, S., Kulonen, A., Lamarque, L. J., Lantz, T., Lavalle, A., Lembrechts, J. J., Lévesque, E., Little, C. J., Luoto, M., Macek, P., Mack, M. C., Mathakutha, R., Michelsen, A., Milbau, A., Molau, U., Morgan, J. W., Mörsdorf, M. A., Nabe-Nielsen, J., Nielsen, S. S., Ninot, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Olofsson, J., Onipchenko, V. G., Petraglia, A., Pickering, C., Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Rumpf, S. B., Schaepman-Strub, G., Semenchuk, P., Shetti, R., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Spasojevic, M. J., Speed, J. D. M., Street, L. E., Suding, K., Tape, K. D., Tomaselli, M., Trant, A., Treier, U. A., Tremblay, J. P., Tremblay, M., Venn, S., Virkkala, A. M., Vowles, T., Weijers, S., Wilmking, M., Wipf, S., and Zamin, T.

Abstract

Motivation: The Tundra Trait Team (TTT) database includes field-based measurements of key traits related to plant form and function at multiple sites across the tundra biome. This dataset can be used to address theoretical questions about plant strategy and trade-offs, trait–environment relationships and environmental filtering, and trait variation across spatial scales, to validate satellite data, and to inform Earth system model parameters. Main types of variable contained: The database contains 91,970 measurements of 18 plant traits. The most frequently measured traits (> 1,000 observations each) include plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf fresh and dry mass, leaf dry matter content, leaf nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus content, leaf C:N and N:P, seed mass, and stem specific density. Spatial location and grain: Measurements were collected in tundra habitats in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, including Arctic sites in Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Fennoscandia and Siberia, alpine sites in the European Alps, Colorado Rockies, Caucasus, Ural Mountains, Pyrenees, Australian Alps, and Central Otago Mountains (New Zealand), and sub-Antarctic Marion Island. More than 99% of observations are georeferenced. Time period and grain: All data were collected between 1964 and 2018. A small number of sites have repeated trait measurements at two or more time periods. Major taxa and level of measurement: Trait measurements were made on 978 terrestrial vascular plant species growing in tundra habitats. Most observations are on individuals (86%), while the remainder represent plot or site means or maximums per species. Software format: csv file and GitHub repository with data cleaning scripts in R; contribution to TRY plant trait database (www.try-db.org) to be included in the next version release.

Published
2018

16. Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities

Author

Myers-Smith, I H, Forbes, B C, Wilmking, M, Hallinger, M, Lantz, T, Blok, D, Tape, K D, Macias-Fauria, M, Sass-Klaassen, U, Lévesque, E, Boudreau, S, Ropars, P, Hermanutz, L, Trant, A, Collier, L S, Weijers, S, Rozema, J, Rayback, S A, Schmidt, N M, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wipf, S, Rixen, C, Ménard, C B, Venn, S, Goetz, S, Andreu-Hayles, L, Elmendorf, S, Ravolainen, V, Welker, J, Grogan, P, Epstein, H E, Hik, D S, Myers-Smith, I H, Forbes, B C, Wilmking, M, Hallinger, M, Lantz, T, Blok, D, Tape, K D, Macias-Fauria, M, Sass-Klaassen, U, Lévesque, E, Boudreau, S, Ropars, P, Hermanutz, L, Trant, A, Collier, L S, Weijers, S, Rozema, J, Rayback, S A, Schmidt, N M, Schaepman-Strub, G, Wipf, S, Rixen, C, Ménard, C B, Venn, S, Goetz, S, Andreu-Hayles, L, Elmendorf, S, Ravolainen, V, Welker, J, Grogan, P, Epstein, H E, and Hik, D S

Abstract

Recent research using repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and dendrochronology has documented shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine tundra ecosystems. Here, we (1) synthesize these findings, (2) present a conceptual framework that identifies mechanisms and constraints on shrub increase, (3) explore causes, feedbacks and implications of the increased shrub cover in tundra ecosystems, and (4) address potential lines of investigation for future research. Satellite observations from around the circumpolar Arctic, showing increased productivity, measured as changes in 'greenness', have coincided with a general rise in high-latitude air temperatures and have been partly attributed to increases in shrub cover. Studies indicate that warming temperatures, changes in snow cover, altered disturbance regimes as a result of permafrost thaw, tundra fires, and anthropogenic activities or changes in herbivory intensity are all contributing to observed changes in shrub abundance. A large-scale increase in shrub cover will change the structure of tundra ecosystems and alter energy fluxes, regional climate, soil–atmosphere exchange of water, carbon and nutrients, and ecological interactions between species. In order to project future rates of shrub expansion and understand the feedbacks to ecosystem and climate processes, future research should investigate the species or trait-specific responses of shrubs to climate change including: (1) the temperature sensitivity of shrub growth, (2) factors controlling the recruitment of new individuals, and (3) the relative influence of the positive and negative feedbacks involved in shrub expansion.

Published
2011

17. Multi-decadal trends in spring arrival of avian migrants to the central Arctic coast of Alaska: effects of environmental and ecological factors.

Author

Ward, D. H., Helmericks, J., Hupp, J. W., McManus, L., Budde, M., Douglas, D. C., and Tape, K. D.

Subjects
BIRD migration, MIGRATION flyways, BREEDING, PHENOLOGY
Abstract

Warming in the Arctic has caused the transition from winter to summer to occur weeks earlier over the last half century, yet little is known about whether avian migrants have altered their timing of arrival on breeding areas to match this earlier seasonal transition. Over a 50-yr period, we examined trends in the timing of the first arrival for 16 avian migrant species at the terminus of their northward migration along the central Arctic coast of Alaska and compared these trends to factors potentially influencing migration phenology. Date of first arrival occurred an average of 0.12 d yr−1 or 6 d (range = 3-10 d) earlier across all species and did not differ significantly among species between 1964 and 2013. Local climatic variables, particularly temperature, had a greater effect on a species first arrival date than did large-scale climatic predictors. First arrival date was 1.03 d earlier for every 1°C annual change in temperature, but there was nearly a 2-fold difference in the range of responses across species (0.69-1.33 d °C−1), implying that some species did better than others at timing their arrival with changing temperature. There was weak support for an influence of foraging strategy, migration distance, and flight path on timing of first arrival. Our findings, like others from temperate latitudes, indicate that avian migrants are responsive to changing environmental conditions, though some species appear to be more adaptive than others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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