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Aim: The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors leading to mortality in cases of blunt abdominal trauma. Methods: The Hospital based Ambispective observational study was conducted in the Department of General surgery, PBMH, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar with blunt abdominal trauma during the period September 2019 to August 2021. 81 patients were included in the study. Results: There were 46% (n=37) of the participants belonged to the age group 16 to 30 years and 22% (n=18) belonged to age group 46 to 60 years. Majority (n=94%, n=76 were males and rest 6% were females. There were 83% RTA cases, 10% fall from height cases, 5% fall from cycles and 2.5% assault cases. Almost 88% (n=71) were alive at the end of the study and 12% (n=10) died during the study period. About 36% (n=29) admitted between 6 to 12 hours of trauma, 24% admitted between 12 to 24 hours and 26% admitted after one day (>24hours). Among those had fell from height, 38% died and among those hand RTA, 11% died. There was no significant association between mode of injury and mortality (p=0.125). Among those who died (n=10), majority (60%, n=6) died due to septic shock and MODS, 20% (n=2) died due to hypovolemic shock and MODS. There was one death each (10%) due to brain damage and severe metabolic acidosis. Nearly 26% were grade 1 or 2 liver injuries, and 12% were grade 3 and above type of liver injury. About 15% were grade 1 or 2 splenic injury and 11% were grade 3 and above splenic injury. About 5% were grade 1 or 2 renal injury and 4% were grade 3 or above renal injury. Conclusion: BAT is most commonly caused by RTA in younger age group with male preponderance. Diagnosis and early intervention remains a key in saving lives in BAT. Most patients can be managed conservatively especially solid organ injury, it is the hollow viscus injury or haemodynamic instability due to ongoing hemorrhage require operative intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction groin hernia repair is a common surgical procedure performed. Open hernia surgery is well accepted standard approach to inguinal hernia. Unilateral groin hernia repair is commonly performed under local anesthesia [1]. Simultaneous bilateral open groin hernia under local anesthesia is not well documented Many patients with bilateral groin hernia are unfit for general anesthesia. Hence simultaneous open groin hernia surgery under local anesthesia is a preferred and safe procedure [1, 2]. We report our experience with concomitant bilateral inguinal hernia surgery under the local anesthesia method. We reviewed prospective data of patients with bilateral inguinal hernias for whom both sides of hernia surgery were performed between 2021-2022. Data collected were analyzed for patient demographics, visual analog pains score, surgery time volume of local anesthetic-solution, patient compliance, and complication. Bilateral Lichtenstein's mesh hernioplasty was performed in all inguinal patients' hernia using a local anesthetic solution. The mixture comprised 0.5% bupivacaine 30 ml + adrenaline and 2% lignocaine with an adrenaline 20 ml + 0.9% normal saline 50 ml & 6 ml of 8.6% Sodium bicarbonate. Result: The study included 24 patients 92% of patients were male and only two male-patients' ages ranged between 35-81 years and BMI of 18-30 (mean 24). The average surgery time was 65 min (35-120min) median operating time was 60 min. The mean pain of 24 on the VAS o-100 scale. Patient satisfaction score (0-100scale) ranging from 50-100 (median 90). Conclusion: The study showed that simultaneous bilateral open mesh hernioplasty under local anesthesia can be performed safely with good patient satisfaction. Bilat open inguinal hernia repair is a good option in patients who otherwise are not fit for general anesthesia & Simultaneous bilateral inguinal hernia surgery can be performed safely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]