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Summary: Background: Ustekinumab and vedolizumab are both effective for treating Crohn’s disease (CD). However, no head-to-head trials have been conducted thus far. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of ustekinumab and vedolizumab in CD patients either naïve or exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi). Methods: Patients treated with vedolizumab or ustekinumab for luminal CD were included from six centers in China from May 2020 to July 2023. Steroid-free remission, clinical remission, objective response, and remission at Weeks 26 and 52 were evaluated in a retrospective multicenter propensity score–weighted cohort. Findings: A total of 536 patients were included (386 ustekinumab, and 150 vedolizumab). After adjustment, ustekinumab showed higher rates of clinical remission (56.4% vs. 47.8%, P = 0.005), steroid-free remission (55.4% vs. 46.1%, P = 0.003), and objective response (67.8% vs. 42.7%, P

Reinforced concrete (RC) columns may be damaged under earthquakes or wind loads, which will severely affect their bearing capacity. Current damage evaluation methods are mainly based on displacement measurement, which makes evaluating local structural damage difficult. Therefore, this study proposes an RC column structural monitoring and evaluation method based on a distributed self-sensing basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bar with optical fiber sensors inside. First, the self-sensing BFRP bar is introduced, including the sensing principle, inner structure, and basic sensing performance. It is found that the strain sensing coefficient of the proposed self-sensing BFRP bar presents only 2.2 % difference from that of the bare optical fiber sensor, meaning the BFRP package take no negative effect on the strain sensitivity. Second, the analytical methods of curvature and displacement are established based on the strain distribution measurement, in which the influence of bond-slip on parameter calculations is mainly considered. Finally, the proposed method was well verified by the loading tests of one RC column with self-sensing BFRP bars. Among the results, the absolute displacement measurement error increase with the development of structure damage, which can be even up to several mm after the steel yielding. However, the relative displacement measurement error can be still controlled within 20 % until the structure failure of the RC column. Considering the additional long-term performance of the proposed self-sensing BFRP bar, the proposed method is expected to implement long-term monitoring of RC columns.