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Cancer is one of the most common causes of death all over the World (Rahib et al. in Cancer Res 74(11):2913-2921, 2014; Silbermann et al. in Ann Oncol 23(Suppl 3):iii15-iii28, 2012). It is crucial to diagnose this disease early by effective screening methods and also it is very important to acknowledge the community on various aspects of this disease such as the treatment methods and palliative care. Not only the oncologists but every medical doctor should be educated well in dealing with cancer patients. Previous studies suggested various opinions on the level of oncology education in medical schools (Pavlidis et al. in Ann Oncol 16(5):840-841, 2005). In this study, the perspectives of medical students on cancer, its treatment, palliative care, and the oncologists were analyzed in relation to their educational status. A multicenter survey analysis was performed on a total of 4224 medical school students that accepted to enter this study in Turkey. After the questions about the demographical characteristics of the students, their perspectives on the definition, diagnosis, screening, and treatment methods of cancer and their way of understanding metastatic disease as well as palliative care were analyzed. The questionnaire includes questions with answers and a scoring system of Likert type 5 (absolutely disagree = 1, completely agree = 5). In the last part of the questionnaire, there were some words to detect what the words "cancer" and "oncologist" meant for the students. The participant students were analyzed in two study groups; "group 1" (n = 1.255) were phases I and II students that had never attended an oncology lesson, and "group 2" (n = 2.969) were phases III to VI students that had attended oncology lessons in the medical school. SPSS v17 was used for the database and statistical analyses. A value of p < 0.05 was noted as statistically significant. Group 1 defined cancer as a contagious disease (p = 0.00025), they believed that early diagnosis was never possible (p = 0.042), all people with a diagnosis of cancer would certainly die (p = 0.044), and chemotherapy was not successful in a metastatic disease (p = 0.003) as compared to group 2. The rate of the students that believed gastric cancer screening was a part of the national screening policy was significantly more in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.00014). Group 2 had a higher anxiety level for themselves or their family members to become a cancer patient. Most of the students in both groups defined medical oncologists as warriors (57% in group 1 and 40% in group 2; p = 0.097), and cancer was reminding them of "death" (54% in group 1 and 48% in group 2; p = 0.102). This study suggested that oncology education was useful for the students' understanding of cancer and related issues; however, the level of oncology education should be improved in medical schools in Turkey. This would be helpful for medical doctors to cope with many aspects of cancer as a major health care problem in this country. C1 [Oktay, Esin; Turan, Merve; Barutca, Sabri] Adnan Menderes Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Aydin, Turkey. [Levent, Mustafa] Sitki Kocman Univ, Dept Internal Med, Fac Med, Mugla, Turkey. [Gelincik, Hakan; Aktas, Gizem; Paydas, Semra] Cukurova Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Adana, Turkey. [Yumuk, Fulden] Marmara Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey. [Koral, Lokman] Onsekiz Mart Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Canakkale, Turkey. [Arpaci, Erkan] Sakarya Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Sakarya, Turkey. [Keser, Murat; Yavuzsen, Tugba] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Med Oncolog, Fac Med, Izmir, Turkey. [Alkan, Ali; Senler, Filiz Cay] Ankara Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey. [Karci, Ebru; Karadurmus, Nuri] Gulhane Mil Med Acad, Dept Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. [Degirmencioglu, Serkan; Yaren, Arzu] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey. [Uyeturk, Ummugul] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Bolu, Turkey. [Cabuk, Devrim] Kocaeli Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Izmit, Turkey. [Avci, Nilufer] Balikesir Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Balikesir, Turkey. [Toprak, Omer] Balikesir Univ, Dept Internal Med, Fac Med, Balikesir, Turkey. [Ergen, Arzu; Sahinler, Ismet] Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Radiat Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Urvay, Semiha] Cumhuriyet Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Sivas, Turkey. [Bayman, Evrim] Osmangazi Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Fac Med, Eskisehir, Turkey. [Petekkaya, Emine] Beykent Univ, Dept Anat, Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey. [Nayir, Erdinc] Mersin Medicalpark Hosp, Dept Med Oncol, Mersin, Turkey. [Ozyilkan, Ozgur] Baskent Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey. [Tanriverdi, Ozgur] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Oncol, Mugla, Turkey.

Objective Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is an important psychological trauma associated with reduction in the quality of life, disruptions in the level of adjustment, emotional distress and anxiety. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of patient-physician relationship on FCR. Methods The study was designed as a multicentre survey study. The cancer survivors, who were under remission, were evaluated with structured questionnaires. Patient-physician relationship (PPR) scale in which higher scores indicate better relationship and FCR inventory was used. Results Between January and April 2019, 1,580 patients were evaluated. The median age was 57.0 (19-88), and 66% were female. There was high level of FCR scores in 51% of participants. There was a negative correlation between PPR and FCR scores (r = -.134,p < .001). In multivariate analysis, young age, female gender, history of metastasectomy and worse PPR were associated with high levels of FCR. Conclusion It is the first data showing the adverse impact of worse PPR on FCR. The strategies to improve the PPR should be practised. In addition, the cancer survivors, who are under the risk of FCR, should be evaluated and managed. C1 [Alkan, Ali; Tanriverdi, Ozgur] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Mugla, Turkey. [Yasar, Arzu; Gurbuz, Mustafa; Senler, Filiz Cay] Ankara Univ, Med Oncol, Sch Med, Ankara, Turkey. [Guc, Zeynep Gulsum; Yavuzsen, Tugba] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Izmir, Turkey. [Basoglu, Tugba; Yumuk, Perran Fulden] Marmara Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Goksu, Sema Sezgin; Coskun, Hasan Senol] Akdeniz Univ, Med Oncol, Sch Med, Antalya, Turkey. [Basal, Fatma Bugdayci; Ates, Ozturk] Abdurrahman Yurtarslan Res & Training Hosp, Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. [Turk, Haci Mehmet] Bezmialem Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Ozdemir, Ozlem] Izmir Bozyak Res & Training Hosp, Med Oncol, Izmir, Turkey. [Cinkir, Havva Yesil] Gaziantep Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Gaziantep, Turkey. [Guven, Deniz Can] Hacettepe Univ, Med Oncol, Sch Med, Ankara, Turkey. [Kus, Tulay] Dr Ersin Arslan Training & Res Hosp, Med Oncol, Gaziantep, Turkey. [Turker, Sema] Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Res & Training Hosp, Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. [Koral, Lokman] Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Canakkale, Turkey. [Karakas, Yusuf] Bodrum Acibadem Hosp, Med Oncol, Mugla, Turkey. [Ak, Naziye] Istanbul Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Paydas, Semra] Cukurova Univ, Med Oncol, Sch Med, Adana, Turkey. [Karci, Ebru] Bagcilar Res & Training Hosp, Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Demiray, Atike Gokcen] Pamukkale Univ, Med Oncol, Sch Med, Denizli, Turkey. [Demir, Atakan] Acibadem Maslak Hosp, Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Alan, Ozkan] Tekirdag Publ Hosp, Med Oncol, Tekirdag, Turkey. [Keskin, Ozge] Selcuk Univ, Sch Med, Med Oncol, Konya, Turkey. [Nayir, Erdinc] VM Med Pk Mersin Hosp, Med Oncol, Mersin, Turkey. [Turhal, Serdar] Anadolu Med Ctr, Med Oncol, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Fenoxycarb 0-ethyl N-(2-(4-pheoxyphenoxy)-ethyl) carbamate is the most potent juvenile hormone analogue against a variety of insect species including the silkworm Bombyx mori. In this study, the effects of fenoxycarb on silkworm Bombyx mori brain neurosecretory cells in 5th instar were investigated. Fenoxycarb (1 ng/10 µl) was applied topically along the dorsa-medial line to the animals in the spinning behavior on day 1 of the experimental group. Brains removed by dissection were histologically examined by hematoxylin eosin (hem&eosin) and paraldehyde fuchsin staining. Three types of neurosecretory cells (NSCs) were identified, NSC-1, NSC-2 and NSC-3. It was determined that cell secretions were in different density on different days. It was shown that the secretion density of cells on different days was not the same as the experimental and control groups. The fenoxycarb was found to suppress the bombyxin (insulin-like peptides) secretion of cells in the spinning behavior on day 2. Also, it stimulated the division of NSCs on the spinning behavior on day 5. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature., Ege Üniversitesi, We thank team of Silkworm and Insect Physiology Laboratories of Department of Biology at Ege University.

Bu çalışma, Yalova ilinde doğal olarak yayılma gösteren geofit türlerinin belirlenerek peyzaj mimarisi çalışmalarında kullanım olanaklarının ortaya konulması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Yalova ilinde 89 adet geofit taksonunun doğal yayılma gösterdiği saptanmış olup arazi çalışmalarında 89 adet geofit taksonundan 55 adedi fotograflanabilmiş ve yer tespiti yapılmıştır. Tespit edilen taksonların, peyzajda kullanım durumunu belirlemek için; kök yapıları, çiçeklenme süreleri, çiçeklenme zamanları, çiçek renkleri, gösterişli yaprak ve meyve özellikleri, endemik olup olmadıkları, gösterişli çiçek, hoş koku, gölge ve yarı gölgeye dayanım, güneşe dayanım, çiçek parterinde kullanımı, kesme çiçek olarak kullanımı, doğal ve yapay su kenarları kullanımı, sergi ve gösteri amaçlı kullanımı, kaya bahçelerinde kullanım gibi özellikleri üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Yalova ilinde tespit edilen taksonların 67 adedinin monokotiledon (tek çenekli), 22 adedinin ise dikotiledon (çift çenekli) bitki grubuna ait olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fitocoğrafik dağılımlar bakımından 42 taksonun (%48) Akdeniz elementine, 21 taksonun (%24) Avrupa-Sibirya bölgesi elementine ait oldukları, 26 taksonun (%28) ise elementinin bilinmediği görülmüştür. Peyzajda kullanım özellikleri açısından geofit taksonlarının %97,75'inin gösterişli çiçek yapısına, %28,08'inin ise gösterişli yaprak yapısına sahip oldukları; %60,67'sinin gölgeye ve yarı gölgeye, %39,33'ünün güneşe dayanıklı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Peyzaj mimarlığında farklı kullanım alanları bakımından yapılan değerlendirmelerde (çiçek parterlerinde kullanımı,doğal ve yapay su kenarları, sergi ve gösteri alanları, kaya bahçeleri ve kesme çiçek olarak kullanımı) tespit edilen taksonların tamamının çiçek parterlerinde kullanılabileceği, %25,84'ünün kaya bahçelerinde kullanım, %58,42'sinin sergi ve gösteriş amaçlı kullanım için uygun olabileceği görülmüştür. In this study, it is aimed to determine the usage possibilities of geofit species growing naturally in Yalova province in landscaping areas. In this context, As a result of evaluation of flora studies in Yalova province 89 geofit species were determined. In field studies, of the 89 geofit species, 55 were photographed and location detection. To determine the usage status of landscape in the detected geofit; root structures, flowering month, flowering times, flower colors, flashy leaves and fruit properties, as to whether endemic, showy flower, pleasant smell, shade and half shade resistance, sun resistance, use in flower part, use as cut flowers, natural and artificial water the use of edges, exhibitions and demonstration purposes, use in rock gardens were evaluated through features such as.It was determined that 67 of the taxons identified in Yalova province belong to monocotyledon (single-toothed), 22 of them belong to dicotyledon (double-toothed) plant group.In terms of phytogeographical distributions, it was seen that 42 taxa (48%) belonged to the Mediterranean element, 21 taxa (24%) belonged to the European-Siberian region and 26 taxa (28%) were element unknown.In terms of use of landscape features; 97,75% of the geofit taxa a flamboyant flower structure and 28,08% a flamboyant leaf structure; 60.67% of were shade and half shade, 39.33% of were resistant to sun was determined to be.In the evaluations of different uses in landscape architecture(use in floral parts, natural and artificial water edges, exhibition and show areas, rock gardens and cut flowers); it was found that all of the taxons determined could be used in flower parties, 25,84% could be used in rock gardens, 58,42% could be suitable for exhibition and demonstration purposes. 144

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and adverse effect profiles of the first-line treatment of patients with KRAS wild type metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) in Turkey who were treated based on regimens including bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab. Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study involved a total of 238 patients who received chemotherapy in combination with either bevacizumab or cetuximab or panitumumab as first-line therapy for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients with full medical records having pathological diagnosis of CRC adenocarcinoma were included in the study. The demographic, laboratory, histopathological and clinical characteristics of the patients were determined, and three groups were compared based on the study variables. Results: The mean age of the entire sample (n=238) was 58 +/- 11 years, 64% of which were male. The most frequent tumor localization was the rectum (37%) and G2 was the most common tumor grade (59.7%). About 63% of the patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis, with the most common site of metastasis being lung (14.7%) and liver (52.5%). Overall survival (OS) was 63.9%, while 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 91.7, 56.6 and 36.9%, respectively. The expected mean survival was 49.1 months (95% CI, 42.9-55.3). The 1-, 3- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates following first-line treatment were 65.3, 26.1 and 5.6%, respectively, while disease free survival (DFS) in patients without metastasis at diagnosis was 68.5%. An analysis carried out disregarding which treatment the patients received (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) revealed that a panitumumab-containing combination resulted in poorer prognosis compared to bevacizumab or cetuximab-containing combination (p

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and adverse effect profiles of the first-line treatment of patients with KRAS wild type metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) in Turkey who were treated based on regimens including bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab. Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study involved a total of 238 patients who received chemotherapy in combination with either bevacizumab or cetuximab or panitumumab as first-line therapy for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients with full medical records having pathological diagnosis of CRC adenocarcinoma were included in the study. The demographic, laboratory, histopathological and clinical characteristics of the patients were determined, and three groups were compared based on the study variables. Results: The mean age of the entire sample (n=238) was 58±11 years, 64% of which were male. The most frequent tumor localization was the rectum (37%) and G2 was the most common tumor grade (59.7%). About 63% of the patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis, with the most common site of metastasis being lung (14.7%) and liver (52.5%). Overall survival (OS) was 63.9%, while 1-, 3- And 5-year survival rates were 91.7, 56.6 and 36.9%, respectively. The expected mean survival was 49.1 months (95% CI, 42.9-55.3). The 1-, 3- And 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates following first-line treatment were 65.3, 26.1 and 5.6%, respectively, while disease free survival (DFS) in patients without metastasis at diagnosis was 68.5%. An analysis carried out disregarding which treatment the patients received (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) revealed that a panitumumab-containing combination resulted in poorer prognosis compared to bevacizumab or cetuximab-containing combination (p

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) and 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) regimens as adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III colon cancer. Methods A total of 243 patients who received CAPOX and FOLFOX chemotherapy between 2014 and 2018 for stage III colon cancer in two centers were retrospectively studied. Among the patients, 106 (43.6%) and 137 (56.4%) were treated using CAPOX and FOLFOX regimens, respectively. Efficacy, treatment-related side effects, and overall survival rates with these two regimens were compared. Results The rate of disease progression was significantly higher in the presence of moderately/poorly differentiated histology, and KRAS and NRAS mutations. An increased number of metastatic lymph nodes and prolonged time from surgery to chemotherapy significantly increased disease progression. Patients who received CAPOX were significantly older than those who received FOLFOX. Disease progression, metastasis, and mortality rates were significantly higher in the FOLFOX arm than in the CAPOX arm. There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate between the two regimens. Conclusion The CAPOX regimen is preferred in older patients. Disease progression, metastasis, and mortality rates are higher with FOLFOX than with CAPOX. C1 [Degirmencioglu, Serkan; Demiray, Atike Gokcen; Dogu, Gamze Gokoz; Yaren, Arzu] Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Oncol, Denizli, Turkey. [Tanriverdi, Ozgur] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Oncol, Mugla, Turkey. [Senol, Hande] Pamukkale Univ, Sch Med, Med Biostat Dept, Denizli, Turkey.

Purpose: Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) is a rare, low-grade neoplasm with excellent prognosis. In this study, we evaluated clinicopathological characteristics of patients diagnosed with SPN retrospectively. Methods: This is a retrospective study intended to characterize patients with the diagnosis of SPN between 2005 and 2015. Clinicopathological features, recurrence rate, and overall survival of 28 patients were recorded. Malignant SPN criteria were defined as the presence of distant metastasis (developed at diagnosis or during follow up) or lymph node involvement. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 42 (range: 17-41). Among patients, 82% (n = 23) were female and 17.9% (n = 5) were male. The mean size of tumor was 5.81 cm (range: 2-15). The mean follow up period was 55.6 months, 1-year survival was 96.5% and 5-year survival rate was 88%. A total of 25 patients were alive at the end of follow-up period and 3 of the patients became exitus due to disease. Two patients had a metastatic presentation in livers at the diagnosis and metastasis developed in 3 patients during follow-up (liver of 1 patient, peritoneum in 1 patient and liver and peritoneum in 1 patient). The reason of admission was headache in 68% patients. The type of operation was frequently subtotal pancreatectomy (n = 11, 39.3%) and distal pancreatectomy (n = 10, 35.7%). Tumors were located frequently in body and tail regions (n = 18, 64.3%) and the number of patients with malignant criteria was 6 (21.4%). Although the mean age of malignant patients was significantly higher than benign patients (P = 0.046), there was no significant difference between 2 groups in terms of gender, tumor size, capsule invasion, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and margin status. Conclusion: SPN is a rarely seen tumor with low malignity potential. Surgical resection provides long-term survival rate even in local invasion or metastasis conditions. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ercelep, Ozlem; Ozcelik, Melike] Dr Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Educ & Res Hosp, Dept Med Oncol, Istanbul, Turkey. [Ozdemir, Nuriye] Ankara Numune Training & Res Hosp, Dept Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. [Turan, Nedim] Gazi Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Ankara, Turkey. [Topcu, Turkan Ozturk] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Trabzon, Turkey. [Uysal, Mukremin] Afyon Kocatepe Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Afyon, Turkey. [Tanriverdi, Ozgur] Mugla Sitki Kocaman Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Mugla, Turkey. [Demirci, Umut] Ankara Yurtaslan Oncol Hosp, Dept Med Oncol, Ankara, Turkey. [Taskoylu, Burcu Yapar] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Denizli, Turkey. [Urakci, Zuhat] Dicle Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Diyarbakir, Turkey. [Duran, Ayse Ocak] Kayseri Erciyes Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Kayseri, Turkey. [Aksoy, Asude] Malatya Inonu Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Malatya, Turkey. [Menekse, Serkan] Celal Bayar Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Manisa, Turkey. [Gumus, Mahmut] Bezmi Alem Vakif Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Fac Med, Istanbul, Turkey.

PubMed ID: 30539871 Aims: In this study, we investigated the expression of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in lung adenocarcinoma patients' samples and analyzed the association of TTF-1 with clinicopathological parameters, prognosis, and treatment options in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 200 patients who were histologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma with Stage I-IV disease, between 2008 and 2015 years. The cytological archive of these hospitals' Pathology Department was searched. The available slides and the clinical information were reviewed and correlated. All analyses were conducted by SPSS version 15.0 statistical software. Results: Sixty-five (32.5%) of the patients showed TTF-1 negativity and 135 (67.5%) of them showed TTF-1 positivity. The median survival for TTF-1 positive and negative patients was 19.6 and 12.2 months, respectively. We did not find any statistical significance in-between the parameters in terms of the survival data. In TTF-1-negative group, the survival time of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation positive (P = 0.049), cytokeratin 7 (CK7) positive (P = 0.009) patients and those who had received curative radiotherapy (P = 0.028) was significantly better as compared to TTF-1-positive group. We also analyzed the relation between TTF-1 and survival outcome or chemotherapy selection in Stage IV disease. We could not identify any correlation between TTF-1 and survival outcome or treatment selection. Conclusions: This study suggests that TTF-1 is not a favorable prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma patients. The prognostic role of CK7 and relationship between TFF-1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and predictive role of TTF-1 expression for the selection of first-line treatment in Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma should be validated in prospective and randomized studies. © 2016 Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.

WOS: 000361421900007 PubMed ID: 26416041 Purpose: The presence of a pronounced tumor lymphocytic infiltrate (TLI) is deemed to reflect the presence of an immunoinflammatory response against the tumor and may thus have prognostic significance. We investigated the prognostic value of TLI detected in pathological specimens collected following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: 100 consecutive patients with breast cancer (mean age 47.8 +/- 11.4 years) who were scheduled to undergo anthracycline- and/or taxane-containing NACT were enrolled. Specimens collected after NACT were scored with the 4-point Klintrup scoring criteria for the presence of TLI. Results: 60 patients had low-grade TLI and 40 high-grade TLI. Comparison of the patient population according to low-grade vs high-grade TLI revealed statistically significant difference both in terms of disease-free survival (DFS) (log rank=4.28, p

In this study, we aimed to determine the perspectives of medical and radiation oncologists regarding consolidation radiotherapy in patients with a complete response after chemotherapy for Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The survey was designed to identify demographic and occupational features of medical and radiation oncologists and their views on application of consolidation radiotherapy in their clinical practices, as based on a five-point Likert scale (never, rarely, sometimes, often, and always). The study covered 263, out of 935, physicians working in the oncology field as either medical or radiation oncologists; the rate of return on the invitations to participate was 28%. The majority of the participants were male radiation oncologists, with a duration of between 5 and 10 years of work as a university hospital official, and the mean age was 38 ± 14 (years). Although the most commonly followed international guidelines were NCCN, among the physicians, the majority of the respondents suggested that the guidelines were unclear regarding recommendations for consolidative radiotherapy. The administered dose for consolidative radiotherapy in lymphoma patients was indicated as 40 Gy by 49% of all the physicians and the most common cause of hesitancy concerning consolidative radiation treatment was the risk of secondary malignancies as a long-term adverse effect (54%). In conclusion, we suggest that medical oncologists could be most active in the treatment of lymphoma through a continuous training program about lymphomas and current national guidelines.

Böceklerde beyin endokrin sistemin önemli bir bileşeni olup, büyüme ve gelişmenin düzenlenmesinde merkezi role sahip bir salgı organıdır. Böceklerde beyin (serebral ganglion) iki lobdan oluşmakta ve baş bölgesinde özofagusun üzerinde yer almaktadır. Hormonal sistemin önemli düzenleyicilerinden olan nörosekresyon hücreleri beynin lateral ve median konumlarında bulunurlar. Hormon sisteminin en üst düzenleyicisi olan bu hücreler salgı meydana getirirler. Bu çalışmada ipekböceği Bombyx mori'nin beşinci instar larvasında fenoksikarbın nörosekresyon hücreleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bir jüvenil hormon analoğu olan fenoksikarb böcek zararlıları ile mücadelede kullanılan bir kimyasaldır. Disseksiyonla çıkarılan beyinler hemotoksilen&eosin ve paraldehit fuksin (PAF) ile boyanarak histolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Boyamalar sonucunda üç tip nörosekresyon hücresi tesbit edilmiştir. Bunlar ; NSH-1, NSH-2 ve NSH-3 'tür. Hem farklı günlerdeki hücreler arasında hem de uygulama ve kontrol grublarının hücreleri arasında salgı farklılıkları olduğu tesbit edilmiştir., The insect brain is a secretory organ with a central role in the regulation of growth and development. Brain in insects (cerebral ganglion) is composed of two lobes and exists on the esophagus in head. Neurosecretin cells have in the lateral and median regions of brain. These cells, which are the top regulatory centers of the hormone system consist secretion. In this study, we investigated effect of fenoxycarb on neurosecretion cells of silkworm Bombyx mori during 5. instar larval period. A juvenile hormone analog fenoxycarb is used for many different control of insect pests. Brains removed with dissection, stained with hemotoxylen&eosine and paraldehyde fuchsine (PAF) for histological examination. As a result of stains three types of cells were detected. They are NSH-1, NSH-2 and NSH-3. Both the cells on different days and the cells of the administration and control groups were found to have secretory differences.

In this study, we aimed to determine the personal, social and economic burden and the frequency of depression, as well as in caregivers of cancer patients who are being treated with chemotherapy in Turkey. The study is designed as a cross-sectional survey study using a 5-point Likert-type response scale, and the last part of the questionnaire includes the Beck Depression Inventory. The depression rate was found to be 64% (n=476) among all subjects (n=968), with 91% of those with depression demonstrating signs of mild depression. In this study, a significant difference was found between the presence of depression and age (young), sex (female), educational level (high), economic status (low), financial loss during treatment, patient's lack of knowledge about his/her diagnosis, metastatic disease and short survival time. In addition, 64% of all subjects had concerns of getting cancer, and 44% of all subjects had feelings of anger/rage against other people. In a multivariate regression analysis, the patient's lack of knowledge of the diagnosis was the independent risk factor. In conclusion, depression incidence and burden rate increased among cancer caregivers, and care burden was highly associated with depression. Accordingly, approaches to reducing the psycho-social effects of cancer should focus intensively on both the patients and their caregivers in Turkey.

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[No abstract available]

The aim of our study was to determine the perspective of non-oncologist physicians regarding their attitudes and beliefs associated with palliative care for patients with metastatic cancer. The study was planned as a cross-sectional survey, and non-oncologist physicians were reached via e-mail and social networking sites. The first part of the questionnaire involved demographic properties, the second part inquired as to the perspectives of participants regarding metastatic disease, and the third part was used to determine beliefs and attitudes about palliative care. All of the questions were five-point Likert-type questions. A total of 1734 physicians completed the questionnaire. The majority of participants were general surgeons or internal medicine specialists (21 and 18 %, respectively), were male (61 %), were younger than 50 years of age (54 %), worked in the town center (67 %), had more than 11 years of professional experience (57 %), and worked in a hospital without an active oncology service (86 %). A total of 71 % of participants identified all patients with metastatic cancer as being terminal stage, 62 % were unaware of palliative care techniques, 64 % did not know about common supportive care options, 59 % were against hospice, and 63 % had no opinion on resuscitation. We determined that non-oncologist physicians believed that all patients with metastatic cancer are at the terminal stage and that palliative/supportive care is the oncologist's task. These data suggest that non-oncologist physicians would benefit from additional graduate and postgraduate courses on these topics.

A study was designed to evaluate the frequency of complementary/alternative therapy (CAM) knowledge and usage in cancer patients. A 23-item survey questionnaire was administered to 494 patients who received chemotherapy in the medical oncology department of three hospitals between June 2011 and December 2011. After giving written informed consent, patients completed a self-administered questionnaire. Differences among participants were assessed by using the SPSS 17.0 software. Of the 494 patients, 48% had heard of CAM, and 23.5% had used at least one CAM model. Herbs and vitamins were the most frequently used approach (82.2%). The most commonly used herb was the stinging nettle (55.5%). Marital status (p=0.003), educational status (p

Brain metastasis in colorectal cancer is highly rare. In the present study, we aimed to determine the frequency of brain metastasis in colorectal cancer patients and to establish prognostic characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with brain metastasis. In this cross-sectional study, the medical files of colorectal cancer patients with brain metastases who were definitely diagnosed by histopathologically were retrospectively reviewed. Brain metastasis was detected in 2.7 % (n = 133) of 4,864 colorectal cancer patients. The majority of cases were male (53 %), older than 65 years (59 %), with rectum cancer (56 %), a poorly differentiated tumor (70 %); had adenocarcinoma histology (97 %), and metachronous metastasis (86 %); received chemotherapy at least once for metastatic disease before brain metastasis developed (72 %), had progression with lung metastasis before (51 %), and 26 % (n = 31) of patients with extracranial disease at time the diagnosis of brain metastasis had both lung and bone metastases. The mean follow-up duration was 51 months (range 5-92), and the mean survival was 25.8 months (95 % CI 20.4-29.3). Overall survival rates were 81 % in the first year, 42.3 % in the third year, and 15.7 % in the fifth year. In multiple variable analysis, the most important independent risk factor for overall survival was determined as the presence of lung metastasis (HR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.27-4.14; P = 0.012). Brain metastasis develops late in the period of colorectal cancer and prognosis in these patients is poor. However, early screening of brain metastases in patients with lung metastasis may improve survival outcomes with new treatment modalities.

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination patients who admitthe Düzce University Department of Chest Diseases with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and thefactors that affect it. Questionnaire including questions about the frequency of influenza and pneumococcal vaccinationin patients filled face to face interview. The mean age of our study was 65.5±9.5 years and 59 of the 61 patients weremale (96.7%). According to Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), patients are classified as9.8% mild, 42.6% moderate, 37.7% severe, and 9.8% very severe COPD and 36.1% of patients was current smokers.The previous year, patients who had influenza vaccine was 24.6% (15) and the proportion of patients who hadpneumococcal vaccine was 8.2% at the last five years. 27.9% (17) of patients were suggested to influenza vaccine bythe Chest disease specialist or assistant, while it was 4.9% (3) in pneumococcal vaccine. While none of the patients wassuggested for pneumococcal vaccine by the family physician, influenza vaccine was suggested 16.4% (10). Influenzavaccination rate those who had stopped smoking last year were significantly higher than those of current smokers. Therewas no significant relationship between the degree of disease severity and the frequency of influenza and pneumococcalvaccination. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in patients with COPD were found to be very low rates in Düzce.Being an active smoker had a negative effect on the incidence of influenza vaccination but the severity of COPD did notaffect the incidence of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination., Bu çalışmada Düzce ilinde Göğüs Hastalıkları Polikliniklerine başvuranKronikObstruktif Akciğer Hastalığı (KOAH) olgularının influenza vepnömokok aşılanma sıklığını ve aşılanmayı etkileyen faktörleri belirlemekamaçlanmıştır. Hastalara influenza ve pnömokok aşılaması sıklığı hakkındasorular içeren anket formları yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle dolduruldu. Çalışmamızdadeğerlendirilen 61 olgunun yaşortalamaları 65.5 ± 9.5 yıl olup 59’u erkek (%96.7) idi. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease(GOLD)’a göre %9.8’i hafif, %42.6’sı orta ve %37.7’siağır,% 9.8’i çok ağır KOAH olarak sınıflandırılan olguların %36.1’i halen sigaraiçmekteydi. Bir önceki yıl grip aşısı yaptırmış hastaların oranı %24.6 (15), sonbeş yılda pnömokok aşısı yaptırmış hastaların oranı %8.2 (5) idi. Hastaların%27.9 (17)’una göğüs hastalıkları uzmanı veya asistanı tarafından grip aşısıönerilmişken, pnömokok aşısı % 4.9 (3)’ una önerilmişti. Hastalarınhiçbirine aile hekimleri tarafından pnömokok aşısı önerilmemişken grip aşısı%16.4 (10) oranında önerilmişti. Sigarayı bırakmış olanlarda son bir yılda gripaşısı yaptırma oranı, halen içmekte olanlara göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu(p=0.035). Hastalığın ağırlık derecesiyle grip ve pnömokok aşısı yaptırmasıklığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Sonuç olarak alışmamızda ilimizdeKOAH olgularının grip ve pnömokok aşılamasının oldukça düşük oranlarda olduğugörülmüştür. Halen sigara içiyor olmanın grip aşılama sıklığını olumsuz yöndeetkilediği, KOAH ağırlığının grip ve pnömokok aşılama sıklığını etkilemediğisaptanmıştır.