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689 results on '"Tanner, Robert"'

1. Cover

Author

Tanner, Robert

Published
2022

5. Notes

Author

Tanner, Robert

Published
2022

6. Index

Author

Tanner, Robert

Published
2022

18. Preface

Author

Tanner, Robert

Published
2022

21. Engineering Microorganisms for Carbon Capture and Chemical Production

Author

Treece, Tanner Robert

Subjects
Chemistry, Bioengineering, Molecular biology, Carbon capture, cyanobacteria, synthetic biology
Abstract

Engineered microorganisms capable of producing commodity chemicals have gained traction as viable alternative to traditional petrochemical approaches. Expanded feedstock pools, engineering regulatory elements of metabolism, and fermentation optimization are all methods employed to increase productivity in these microbial hosts. Plant biomass refined into pure sugars are commonly used as a substrate for these fermentations. Heterotrophic hosts can convert these pure sugars into various chemical compounds, however, using sugars for fermentation directly competes with global food supply. One alternative carbon source to these sugars is using atmospheric CO2 to power biochemical production in these organisms. However, native biological CO2 fixation is slow, limiting growth and production rates. This dissertation seeks to address the challenges intrinsic to using CO2 as a chemical production feedstock. First, by engineering photomixotrophy into the naturally photosynthetic microorganism cyanobacteria to supplement chemical production and growth by directing the excess carbon from sugars towards the substrate for the dominant CO2 fixing enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Second, by engineering a non-canonical CO2 fixing pathway known as the reductive glycine pathway into the heterotroph, Escherichia coli, in conjunction with using formate produced in a novel electrocatalytic setting and optimizing biochemical production in E. coli from this electrocatalytic reaction mixture. Both strategies demonstrate methods where chemical production can be made more renewable with the aid of engineered microorganisms capable of utilizing CO2 from the atmosphere to make industrially relevant chemicals such as isobutanol and succinate.

Published
2023

22. An ecological assessment of Impatiens glandulifera in its introduced and native range and the potential for its classical biological control

Author

Tanner, Robert A. and Gange, Alan

Subjects
570, Impatiens glandulifera, impact, classical biological control, invertebrates
Abstract

The diversity of vegetation, the above and below-ground invertebrate community, and the soil mycobiota are intrinsically linked. However, few studies have assessed the impact of non-native invasive plant species at all levels. Here, dynamics of vegetation complexity, the invertebrate community, and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) were evaluated in relation to the abundance of Impatiens glandulifera. The abundance of above-ground detritivores, herbivores, and predators was significantly lower in the invaded sites compared to the uninvaded sites. The belowground community showed significant fluctuations within and between years, however, the overall abundance of the below-ground community showed no significant difference. At a species level, monocultures of I. glandulifera on exposed riverine sediments (ERS) impact on the ground beetle community by increasing the abundance of generalist ground beetles into the habitat. The presence of I. glandulifera may act to reduce the conservation potential of ERS by increasing competition between generalist and specialist Carabid species. In a third study, the impact of I. glandulifera was evaluated on AM fungi and native plant performance and the results revealed that below invaded stands, the levels of AM fungi are reduced and this has the potential to impact on native plant performance. These results suggest that invasion by I. glandulifera can lead to fragmented, destabilised ecosystems which require sensitive habitat restoration post-removal. Since 2006, research has been conducted to evaluate the natural enemies on I. glandulifera in its centre of origin in the north-western Himalayas, where the autoecious, monocyclic rust pathogen Puccinia komarovii has been highlighted as having considerable potential as a biological control agent. When comparing the ecology of I. glandulifera in the native and introduced range, the results suggest that I. glandulifera performs better in the introduced range and one of the major influencing factors is the release from its co-evolved natural enemies.

Published
2012

23. A selective jumonji H3K27 demethylase inhibitor modulates the proinflammatory macrophage response

Author

Kruidenier, Laurens, Chung, Chun-wa, Cheng, Zhongjun, Liddle, John, Che, KaHing, Joberty, Gerard, Bantscheff, Marcus, Bountra, Chas, Bridges, Angela, Diallo, Hawa, Eberhard, Dirk, Hutchinson, Sue, Jones, Emma, Katso, Roy, Leveridge, Melanie, Mander, Palwinder K, Mosley, Julie, Ramirez-Molina, Cesar, Rowland, Paul, Schofield, Christopher J, Sheppard, Robert J, Smith, Julia E, Swales, Catherine, Tanner, Robert, Thomas, Pamela, Tumber, Anthony, Drewes, Gerard, Oppermann, Udo, Patel, Dinshaw J, Lee, Kevin, and Wilson, David M

Subjects
Clinical Research, Underpinning research, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Biocatalysis, Catalytic Domain, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Inhibitors, Evolution, Molecular, Histones, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases, Lysine, Macrophages, Methylation, Mice, Models, Molecular, Substrate Specificity, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, General Science & Technology
Abstract

The jumonji (JMJ) family of histone demethylases are Fe2+- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent oxygenases that are essential components of regulatory transcriptional chromatin complexes. These enzymes demethylate lysine residues in histones in a methylation-state and sequence-specific context. Considerable effort has been devoted to gaining a mechanistic understanding of the roles of histone lysine demethylases in eukaryotic transcription, genome integrity and epigenetic inheritance, as well as in development, physiology and disease. However, because of the absence of any selective inhibitors, the relevance of the demethylase activity of JMJ enzymes in regulating cellular responses remains poorly understood. Here we present a structure-guided small-molecule and chemoproteomics approach to elucidating the functional role of the H3K27me3-specific demethylase subfamily (KDM6 subfamily members JMJD3 and UTX). The liganded structures of human and mouse JMJD3 provide novel insight into the specificity determinants for cofactor, substrate and inhibitor recognition by the KDM6 subfamily of demethylases. We exploited these structural features to generate the first small-molecule catalytic site inhibitor that is selective for the H3K27me3-specific JMJ subfamily. We demonstrate that this inhibitor binds in a novel manner and reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by human primary macrophages, a process that depends on both JMJD3 and UTX. Our results resolve the ambiguity associated with the catalytic function of H3K27-specific JMJs in regulating disease-relevant inflammatory responses and provide encouragement for designing small-molecule inhibitors to allow selective pharmacological intervention across the JMJ family.

Published
2012

30. Development of Activity-based Cost Functions for Cellulase, Invertase, and Other Enzymes

Author

Stowers, Chris C., Ferguson, Elizabeth M., Tanner, Robert D., Mulchandani, Ashok, editor, Aizawa, M., editor, Arnold, M. A., editor, Bachas, L., editor, Bachmann, T. T., editor, Belkin, S., editor, Blanch, Harvey W., editor, Cha, H. J., editor, Chuan-Ling, Q., editor, Da Silva, Nancy A., editor, DeLisa, M., editor, Deshusses, M., editor, Dordick, J. S., editor, Eldefrawi, M. E., editor, Gu, M. B., editor, Jain, R. K., editor, Karanth, N. G., editor, Kelly, R., editor, Klibanov, A. M., editor, Krull, U. J., editor, Ladish, M. R., editor, Lee, K., editor, Lee, Y. Y., editor, Ligler, F. S., editor, Linhardt, R., editor, Pandey, A., editor, Pishko, M., editor, Renugopalakrishnan, V., editor, Ryu, D., editor, Seibert, M., editor, Tan, W., editor, Ueda, Mitsuyoshi, editor, Varfolomeyev, S. D., editor, Xu, J. -H., editor, Wang, P., editor, Wyman, C. E., editor, Zhao, H., editor, Chen, Wilfred, editor, Csoregi, Elisabeth, editor, Murhammer, David W., editor, Singh, Anup K., editor, Mulchandaui, Priti, editor, Adney, William S., editor, McMillan, James D., editor, Mielenz, Jonathan, editor, and Klasson, K. Thomas, editor

Published
2008
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39. Breathing Air from Protein Foam

Author

Ackermann, Douglas M., Jr., Jewell, David N., Stedman, Matthew L., Burapatana, Vorakan, Atukorale, Prabhani V., Pinson, Michelle L., Wardle, Alison E., Zhu, Wenyan, Tanner, Robert D., Davison, Brian H., editor, Lee, James W., editor, Finkelstein, Mark, editor, and McMillan, James D., editor

Published
2003
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42. Sex Abuse a Shadow over U.S. Schools

Author

Irvine, Martha and Tanner, Robert

Abstract

Students in America's schools are groped. They're raped. They're pursued, seduced, and think they're in love. This article reports on the findings of an investigation by the Associated Press (AP) about the sexual misconduct by the very teachers who are supposed to be nurturing the nation's children. The AP investigation has found more than 2,500 cases over five years in which educators were punished for actions that ranged from bizarre to sadistic. There are 3 million public school teachers nationwide, most devoted to their work. Yet the number of abusive educators--nearly three for every school day--speaks to a much larger problem in a system that is stacked against victims. Most of the abuse never gets reported. Those cases reported often end with no action. Cases investigated sometimes cannot be proven, and many abusers have several victims. And no one--not the schools, not the courts, not the state or federal governments--has found a surefire way to keep molesting teachers out of classrooms.

Published
2007

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