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For geomagnetic navigation technology, taking inspiration from nature and leveraging the principle of animals' utilization of the geomagnetic field for long-distance navigation, and employing biomimetic technology to develop higher-precision geomagnetic sensors and more advanced navigation strategies, has emerged as a new trend. Based on the two widely acknowledged biological magnetic induction mechanisms, we have designed a bioinspired weak magnetic vector (BWMV) sensor and integrated it with neural networks to achieve geomagnetic matching navigation. In this paper, we assess the performance of the BWMV sensor through finite element model simulation. The result validates its high measurement accuracy and outstanding adaptability to installation errors with the assistance of specially trained neural networks. Furthermore, we have enhanced the bioinspired geomagnetic navigation algorithm and proposed a more advanced search strategy to adapt to navigation under the condition of no prior geomagnetic map. A simulated geomagnetic navigation platform was constructed based on the finite element model to simulate the navigation of the BWMV sensor in geomagnetic environments. The simulated navigation experiment verified that the proposed search strategy applied to the BWMV sensor can achieve high-precision navigation. This study proposes a novel approach for the research of bioinspired geomagnetic navigation technology, which holds great development prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional iterative closest point (ICP) registration algorithms are sensitive to initial positions and easily fall into the trap of locally optimal solutions. To address this problem, a point cloud registration algorithm is put forward in this study based on adaptive neighborhood eigenvalue loading ratios. In the algorithm, the resolution of the point cloud is first calculated and used as an adaptive basis to determine the raster widths and radii of spherical neighborhoods in the raster filtering; then, the adaptive raster filtering is implemented to the point cloud for denoising, while the eigenvalue loading ratios of point neighborhoods are calculated to extract and match the contour feature points; subsequently, sample consensus initial alignment (SAC-IA) is used to carry out coarse registration; and finally, a fine registration is delivered with KD-tree-accelerated ICP. The experimental results of this study demonstrate that the feature points extracted with this method are highly representative while consuming only 35.6% of the time consumed by other feature point extraction algorithms. Additionally, in noisy and low-overlap scenarios, the registration error of this method can be controlled at a level of 0.1 mm, with the registration speed improved by 56% on average over that of other algorithms. Taken together, the method in this study cannot only ensure strong robustness in registration but can also deliver high registration accuracy and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing global health concern that can lead to liver disease and cancer. It is characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, unrelated to excessive alcohol consumption. Studies indicate that the gut microbiota‐host crosstalk may play a causal role in NAFLD pathogenesis, with epigenetic modification serving as a key mechanism for regulating this interaction. In this review, we explore how the interplay between gut microbiota and the host epigenome impacts the development of NAFLD. Specifically, we discuss how gut microbiota‐derived factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can modulate the DNA methylation and histone acetylation of genes associated with NAFLD, subsequently affecting lipid metabolism and immune homeostasis. Although the current literature suggests a link between gut microbiota and NAFLD development, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying this crosstalk remains limited. Therefore, more comprehensive epigenomic and multi‐omic studies, including broader clinical and animal experiments, are needed to further explore the mechanisms linking the gut microbiota to NAFLD‐associated genes. These studies are anticipated to improve microbial markers based on epigenetic strategies and provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD, ultimately addressing a significant unmet clinical need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundTelepsychiatry enables patients to establish or maintain psychiatric care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about the factors influencing patients’ initial decisions to participate in telepsychiatry in the midst of a public health crisis. ObjectiveThis paper seeks to examine factors influencing patients’ initial decisions to accept or decline telepsychiatry immediately after the stay-at-home order in Michigan, their initial choice of virtual care modality (video or telephone), and their anticipated participation in telepsychiatry once clinics reopen for in-person visits. MethodsBetween June and August 2020, we conducted a telephone-based survey using a questionnaire comprising 14 quantitative and two qualitative items as part of a quality improvement initiative. We targeted patients who had an in-person appointment date that fell in the first few weeks following the Michigan governor’s stay-at-home order, necessitating conversion to virtual visits or deferment of in-person care. We used descriptive statistics to report individual survey responses and assess the association between chosen visit type and patient characteristics and future participation in telepsychiatry using multivariable logistic regression. ResultsA total of 244 patients whose original in-person appointments were scheduled within the first 3 weeks of the stay-at-home order in Michigan completed the telephone survey. The majority of the 244 respondents (n=202, 82.8%) initially chose to receive psychiatric care through video visits, while 13.5% (n=33) chose telephone visits and 1.2% (n=3) decided to postpone care until in-person visit availability. Patient age correlated with chosen visit type (P

Expanding the family of ABX3-type perovskites is very important for developing excellent photoelectric materials. The perovskite-based H5O2+ superalkali cation had been explored, but perovskites with stable dynamics performance using superalkali and superhalogen ions are not yet found. In this work, H5O2+ and BH4− are introduced into a cubic CsPbI3 perovskite, and Pb is replaced with Ge and Sn, respectively. Then, cubic H5O2MIx(BH4)3−x (M = Ge and Sn; x = 0, 1, 2, and 3) perovskites are systematically studied by employing density functional theory-based first-principles calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The calculated results indicated that the perovskites show a wide range of material properties, i.e., stable dynamics performance at normal temperature and pressure, suitable tolerance factors (0.86–1.00), tunable direct band gaps (0.96–3.28 eV), and small effective hole and electron masses (0.17–0.70 me). Moreover, a power conversion efficiency over 31% is obtained for single-junction perovskite solar cells based on the cubic H5O2GeI3, H5O2SnI3 and H5O2SnI2BH4 perovskites. These results indicate that the cubic H5O2MIx(BH4)3−x perovskites may be used for fabricating high-performance photoelectric devices, and an intriguing platform can be provided for developing other new stable lead-free superatom perovskites by using superalkali and superhalogen ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Clearance and adaptation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial for cell survival. As in other eukaryotes, the Neurospora catalases are the main enzymes responsible for ROS clearance and their expression are tightly regulated by the growth and environmental conditions. The RNA polymerase II carboxyl terminal domain (RNAPII CTD) kinase complex (CTK complex) is known as a positive elongation factor for many inducible genes by releasing paused RNAPII near the transcription start site and promoting transcription elongation. However, here we show that deletion of CTK complex components in Neurospora led to high CAT‐3 expression level and resistance to H2O2‐induced ROS stress. The catalytic activity of CTK‐1 is required for such a response. On the other hand, CTK‐1 overexpression led to decreased expression of CAT‐3. ChIP assays shows that CTK‐1 phosphorylates the RNAPII CTD at Ser2 residues in the cat‐3 ORF region during transcription elongation and deletion of CTK‐1 led to dramatic decreases of SET‐2 recruitment and H3K36me3 modification. As a result, histones at the cat‐3 locus become hyperacetylated to promote its transcription. Together, these results demonstrate that the CTK complex is negative regulator of cat‐3 expression by affecting its chromatin structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]