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Low triiodothyronine syndrome （LT3S） refers to the abnormal metabolism of thyroid hormones associated with critical illness， but without obvious symptoms of hypothyroidism. LT3S is closely associated with many critical diseases， such as severe burns， etc. During the occurrence and development of critical illness， many factors can induce LT3S by affecting the secretion， transfer and metabolism of thyroid hormones. LT3S is a risk factor for the development of critical illness and the occurrence of complications. It is a good indicator for evaluating the severity and prognosis of critical diseases. In this article， the pathogenesis， relationship with critical illness and treatment progress of LT3S were reviewed.

Intelligent assembly is a bottleneck to be broken with urgency in the on-going revolution of manufacturing industry. However, computer-aided assembly modeling as an important supporting technology is still suffering from the problems of too many manual interventions and low-level intelligence. An intelligent assembly modeling technology was previously developed based on design intent (DI), however there lacks systematical and supportive product information model. Consequently, a novel product information model that can capture DI for computer-aided intelligent assembly modeling is established, based on the previously developed concept of interaction feature pair (IFP). The corresponding meta class model is also constructed utilizing the object-oriented technology. On this basis, the implementation process of the product information model, as well as algorithms supporting the process of computer-aided intelligent assembly modeling, is clarified, and the algorithms include IFP identification and intelligent part matching. Computer-aided intelligent assembly modeling prototype system based on the product information model, together with a case study, validated the feasibility of the proposed technology.

For high-power piezoelectric ceramics to operate stably under high alternating electric fields, they require co-high values of the piezoelectric coefficient (d33), mechanical quality factor (Qm), and Curie temperature (Tc). Here, 0.04Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.96Pb(Zr0.505Ti0.495)O3-0.005Fe2O3-0.002Sc2O3 (ceramic 1)has a tetragonal phase near the piezoelectric morphotropic phase boundary, which significantly improved the Qm value of the ceramic while maintaining high d33 and Tc. It exhibits advantages in multi-parameter co-high values, with d33 = 340 pC/N, dielectric loss tanδ = 0.24%, Qm = 2200, electromechanical coupling coefficient (kp) = 0.59, permittivity (εr) = 1450 and Tc = 377 °C. The figure of merit (FOM = Qm × d33) value of ceramic 1 is as high as 748 nC/N at room temperature, surpassing most high-power piezoelectric ceramics. Under an alternating electric field of 40 V/mm at 92 kHz, the ceramic achieves a vibration velocity of 0.4 m/s, which is 3.6 times higher than that of commercial piezoelectric ceramic under the same electric field. These results indicate that the ceramic 1 is highly suitable for advanced high-power piezoelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By-products of the hydrolysis reaction in the copper-chlorine thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production are key to the final thermal and hydrogen efficiency. The current study focuses on the influences of reaction time, temperature, and steam partial pressure on the hydrolysis reaction and by-product formation mechanism via experimental and multiple analytical methods. The result demonstrates that the hydrolysis reaction of CuCl 2 and steam converts to CuCl and Cu 2 OCl 2 , with a high conversion of 97%, while the Cu 2 OCl 2 and CuCl 2 -CuO product mixtures exhibit interconversion capabilities. The increase of temperature increases the CuCl product content, while the decrease of steam partial pressure increases the by-product CuCl 2. Particle morphology and reaction thermodynamics are analyzed for main and by-products formation. Finally, the homogeneous reaction model and shrinking core model are used and compared for the activation energy of the formation of Cu 2 OCl 2 for the hydrolysis reaction and the effect of by-products. • Hydrolysis of Cu-Cl thermochemical cycle for H 2 production was investigated. • Formation and evolution of by-products were comprehensively analyzed with factors. • Morphology, pore size, and reaction thermodynamics were compared for by-product. • Hydrolysis reaction kinetics and product evolution mechanism were revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effect of E3 ligase neuregulin receptor degradation protein 1 (Nrdp1) regulating macrophage polarization on the function of fibroblasts. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were combined to induce mouse primary peritoneal macrophages to M1 macrophages (M1), and IL-13 was used to induce macrophages to M2 macrophages (M2). Then flow cytometry and Western blotting were used to detect M1 surface marker protein CD11c and its specific secretion inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and M2 surface marker protein CD206 and the secretion arginase 1 (Arg1). After the mouse macrophages was transfected with siRNA-Nrdp1 transiently for 24 h, the expression of Nrdp1 was detected by Western blotting. A Transwell co-culture system was established for macrophages and fibroblasts, and was induced under different conditions. The co-cultured cells were divided into LPS group (co-induction of LPS and IFN-γ), LPS-NC group (co-induction and siRNA of irrelevant sequence), LPS-siRNA-Nrdp1 group (co-induction of LPS and siRNA-Nrdp1), IL-13 group, IL-13-NC group and IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group. After co-culture for 8, 12 and 24 h, CCK-8 assay was employed to detect the proliferation of fibroblasts, and ELISA to measure the contents of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and type Ⅰ procollagen. Analysis of variance of factorial designs and Bonferroni test were used for statistical analysis for the data. Results The proportion of CD11c positive cells was significantly higher in the LPS-induced macrophages than the non-induced cells (P < 0.05), and similar result was seen in the IL-13-induced macrophages for CD206 expression (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis indicated the levels of iNOS and Arg1 were obviously higher in the LPS- and IL-13-induced macrophages than the non-induced control cells, respectively (P < 0.01). Transient transfection of siRNA-Nrdp1 resulted in notably lower expression of Nrdp1 when compared with the blank control and negative control transfection (both P < 0.01). In the co-culture system for 24 h, CCK8 assay showed the count of fibroblasts was significantly lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 and IL-13-NC groups (P < 0.01), and ELISA indicated that the content of TGF-β1 was lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 and IL-13-NC groups (P < 0.01), and that of type Ⅰ procollagen was lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion Interference of Nrdp1 synthesis by siRNA can affect the polarization of macrophages to M2 type, inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts in the co-culture system of M2 type macrophages and fibroblasts, and reduce the TGF-β1 and type Ⅰ procollagen in the co-culture system.