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To improve the coding efficiency of rate-distortion optimization quantization (RDOQ) for the third-generation audio video coding standard (AVS3), a parallelized RDOQ algorithm based on single instruction multiple data (SIMD) was proposed. Firstly, in the optimal coefficient decision (OCD) stage, the dependencies within the scan line were retained through optimization. Secondly, in the last non-zero position decision (LNPD) stage, the Zig-Zag scan line was split into various independent lines based on the partitioning strategy. The optimal coefficients on each scan line were allowed to be calculated in parallel by the proposed method. Finally, SIMD instructions were utilized for parallelized acceleration to boost calculation efficiency in the RDOQ process. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a 29.46% coding time reduction with only 0.25% BD-Rate loss for AI configuration.

Background Multiple myeloma is a highly heterogeneous disease. Super-aged patients with multiple myeloma are a special group. There is a lack of evidence-based medical basis in the treatment decision and general evaluation of them, and there is also some controversy in the assessment of frailty. Objective To explore the clinical features and the influencing factors of survival and prognosis in newly diagnosed super-aged multiple myeloma (MM) patients with the bortezomib based regimen and to evaluate the best assessment model for the general status of patients with MM. Methods The clinical data of newly diagnosed super-aged patients with MM in Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from November 2013 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival follow-up was conducted through the medical record system of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University until April 1, 2023, with the end points of this study of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) . The patients were divided into the two-drug treatment group (n=18) and three-drug treatment group (n=11) , and the clinical and genetic characteristics of the two groups were compared. The Geriatric Assessment System (GA) score, UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profie (MRP) score, and Mayo score were used to evaluate the frailty status and treatment efficacy. Survival curves of OS and PFS in MM patients were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank test was used to compare the survival curves of different influencing factors. Multivariate Cox hazard risk regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of OS and PFS in MM patients. Results The median PFS was 8.70 (1.90-43.87) months and the median OS was 17.23 (2.00-72.83) months. A total of 21 (72.41%) patients experienced disease progression (PD) or relapse, and 12 (41.38%) patients died by the final follow-up. The objective remission rate (ORR) for first-line treatment was 82.76% (24/29) , the partial remission (PR) rate was 51.72% (15/29) , the very good partial remission (VGPR) rate was 24.14% (7/29) , and the complete remission (CR) rate was 6.90% (2/29) . There was no significant difference in CR rate, VGPR rate, PR rate and ORR between the two groups of newly diagnosed super-aged MM patients (P>0.05) . Multivariate Cox hazard risk regression analysis showed that MRP debilitation (HR=0.213, 95%CI=0.049-0.924, P=0.039) , elevated serum corrected calcium (HR=0.153, 95%CI=0.041-0.570, P=0.005) and maintenance therapy (HR=4.301, 95%CI=1.219-15.169, P=0.023) were independent influencing factors of PFS in newly diagnosed super-aged MM patients, while maintenance treatment (HR=4.372, 95%CI=1.049-18.221, P=0.043) was an independent influencing factor for OS in newly diagnosed super-aged MM patients. Conclusion There is no significant difference in the efficacy and prognostic impact of two-drug or three-drug Bortezomib based treatment. Serum corrected calcium elevation and maintenance therapy are independent prognostic factors for survival. MRP score can be used to assess the prognosis of newly diagnosed super-aged MM patients.

Background Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -T cell immunotherapy has achieved good therapeutic effect in multiple myeloma (MM) , and the most common target is B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) . The disadvantage of single target CAR-T cell immunotherapy is that it can lead to disease resistance and recurrence, which may be related to antigen escape. Therefore, the dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy for refractory-relapsed multiple myeloma (RRMM) has been improved and developed, but there is still a lack of systematic clinical analysis in this field. Objective A meta-analysis was conducted on the efficacy and safety of dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy for RRMM patients. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP were searched for single-group rate studies on dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy in patients with RRMM from inception to 2023-02-06. The data were extracted for collection by 2 investigators using a self-designed form and the quality of literature was evaluated using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) . The data analysis was conducted using RStudio software. Results A total of 9 clinical studies, involving 200 RRMM patients who had previously received multi-line therapy were included in the study. Dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy can be mainly divided into four categories based on different targets of BCMA/CD19, BCMA/CD38, BCMA/TACI, and BCMA/CS1, of which the BCMA+CD19 target is more studied. Dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy also can be divided into four categories of bispecific categories, combined/sequential infusion of two different CAR-T cells, bicistronic or cotransduction according to the different forms of infusion. Meta-analysis showed that the overall response rate (ORR) of dual-targeted CAR-T cells for RRMM was 90.0% (95%CI=0.849-0.943) , and the complete response rate (CRR) was 54.6% (95%CI=0.416-0.673) , the negative rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) was 75.6% (95%CI=0.489-0.952) , the ORR of extramedullary diseases (EMD) was 55.1% (95%CI=0.234-0.851) , the recurrence rate at the last follow-up was 29.7% (95%CI=0.141-0.454) , and the survival rate was 75.6% (95%CI=0.554-0.915) . The incidence of grade 3 to 4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was 16.4% (95%CI=0.094-0.245) , and the incidence of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was 4.0% (95%CI=0-0.120) . Sensitivity analysis suggested stable results. The results of Egger's test indicated a potential bias risk for ORR (P=0.03) and overall response rate of EMD (P=0.02) . Meanwhile, no publication bias was suggested for CRR (P=0.53) , MRD negative rate (P=0.79) , recurrence rate at the last follow-up (P=0.71) , survival rate (P=0.98) , incidence of grade 3-4 CRS (P=0.90) , and incidence of ICANS (P=0.30) . Conclusion Dual-targeted CAR-T cell therapy for RRMM has shown favorable efficacy and safety, and multicenter, large-sample, and longer follow-up studies are needed to further evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma of the biliary tract (BRMS) is extremely rare. Here, we present a case of a 2-year-old child who was initially misdiagnosed with choledocholithiasis upon admission. The diagnosis was later confirmed as BRMS through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The patient was cured through surgery followed by chemotherapy. Due to the lack of specific early symptoms and the challenges in imaging differentiation, particularly in pediatric patients, clinical awareness of this condition needs to be heightened. Our findings indicate that ERCP is currently the optimal diagnostic tool for this disease, and a combination of surgery and chemotherapy can yield better therapeutic outcomes.

Functional movement disorder (FMD) is a common type of conversion/dissociative disorder. In recent years, the continuous development of imaging techniques such as fMRI, DTI and PET, as well as analytical methods such as morphological analysis and fiber tract tracking, not only provides technical support for the study of neurobiological mechanisms of FMD, but also has important value for its differential diagnosis, efficacy evaluation and prognosis prediction. This article reviews the progress of imaging research on FMD, so as to provide basis for diagnosis, treatment and pathophysiological mechanism of the disease.

On 1 September 2022, a landslide in Hongya Village, Weiyuan Town, Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province, caused significant casualties and economic losses. To mitigate such risks, InSAR technology is employed due to its wide coverage, all-weather operation, and cost-effectiveness in detecting landslides. In this study, focusing on the landslide in Hongya Village, SBAS-InSAR and Sentinel-1A satellite data from July 2021 to September/October 2022 were used to accurately identify the areas of active landslides and to analyze the landslide deformation trends, in combination with the geological characteristics of the landslides and rainfall data. The results showed that strong deformation was detected in the middle and back of the landslide in Hongya Village, with a maximum deformation rate of approximately -13 mm/year. The surface of the landslide consisted of mainly Upper Pleistocene wind-deposited loess, which is extremely sensitive to water. The deformation of the landslide was closely related to the rainfall, and the deformation of the landslide increased with the increase in rainfall. The research results prove that the combination of ascending and descending orbit data based on SBAS-InSAR technology is highly feasible in the field of landslide deformation monitoring and is of great practical significance for landslide disaster prevention and mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) results in irreversible metabolic dysfunction and structural damage to tissues or organs, posing a formidable challenge in the field of organ implantation, cardiothoracic surgery, and general surgery. Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase, is involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response. Phosphorylation of its tyrosine 216 and serine 9 sites positively and negatively regulates the activation and inactivation of the enzyme. Significantly, inhibition or inactivation of GSK‐3β provides protection against IRI, making it a viable target for drug development. Though numerous GSK‐3β inhibitors have been identified to date, the development of therapeutic treatments remains a considerable distance away. In light of this, this review summarizes the complicated network of GSK‐3β roles in IRI. First, we provide an overview of GSK‐3β's basic background. Subsequently, we briefly review the pathological mechanisms of GSK‐3β in accelerating IRI, and highlight the latest progress of GSK‐3β in multiorgan IRI, encompassing heart, brain, kidney, liver, and intestine. Finally, we discuss the current development of GSK‐3β inhibitors in various organ IRI, offering a thorough and insightful reference for GSK‐3β as a potential target for future IRI therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid waste tailing materials from molybdenum mining in China occupy extensive land areas and threaten the health of nearby residents. To address the risk and the increasing shortage of natural construction materials, using those tailings as a construction material is a potential option for the construction industry. Modified concrete mixed with other tailings materials has been widely studied. The application of molybdenum tailings modified concrete to cold regions needs to fully consider its durability. Through the concrete cube compressive strength test and rapid freeze-thaw cycle test after different standard curing time, the strength formation process and frost resistance of molybdenum tailings modified concrete are explored. On this basis, the optimal content of Mo tailing material was determined. Results demonstrated that the compressive strength and frost resistance of Mo-tailing-modified concretes increased first and then decreased with the increase in Mo tailing content. The optimal modification effect was achieved when the Mo tailing content reached 20%. Under that circumstance, the porosity of Mo-tailing-modified concrete was at a minimum before and after the freeze–thaw cycles, thus increasing mechanical and antifrost properties significantly.