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An in vivo study on enhancing epirubicin hydrochloride (EPI) inhibition on tumor growth by ultrasound (US) was reported. Five-week-old male nude mice were used and HL-60 cells were s.c. (subcutaneous injection) inoculated in axilla of these mice. Six groups were designed and five consecutive treatments were applied to investigate the inhibition on tumor growth and body weight growth. US applied locally to the tumor resulted in a substantially increased drug uptake in tumor cells. The inhibition on tumor growth depended on the position of drug injection and phospholipid-based microbubble (PMB) application. Tumor growth rate under group 1 (PMB+US) was similar to that of blank control. The order of the inhibition on tumor volume growth was: group 4 (s.c. EPI+PMB+US) > group 5 intraperitoneal (i.p. EPI+PMB+US) > group 2 (i.p. EPI) > group 3 (s.c. EPI+US) > group 1 (PMB+US). Similar conclusion was obtained from experimental measurements of tumor weight change. The order of animal survival status for EPI administration groups was: group 4 > group 5 > group 2 > group 3. Chemotherapeutic drug inhibition on tumor growth could be enhanced by local US combined with PMB, which might provide a potential application for US-mediated chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to investigate the factors for enhancing the susceptibility of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drug by ultrasound microbubbles. Ultrasound (US) combined with phospholipid-based microbubbles (MB) was used to enhance the susceptibility of colon cancer cell line SWD-620 to anticancer drugs Topotecan hydrochloride (TOP). Experiments were designed to investigate the influence of main factors on cell viability and cell inhibition, such as US intensity, MB concentration, drug combination with MB, asynchronous action between US triggered cavitation and drug entering cell, MB particle size. US exposure for 10 sec with US probe power at 0.6 W/cm2 had satisfied cell viability. Treated with US combined with 15% MB, cell viability maintained more than 85% and cell inhibition 86.16%. Under optimal US combined with MB, TOP showed much higher cell inhibition than that of only TOP group. Cell inhibition under short delayed time (<2 h) for TOP addition did not show obvious difference. In terms of MB particle size, the order of cell inhibition was: Mixture > Micron bubble part > Nanometer bubble part. US combined with MB can enhance the susceptibility of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drug, which may provide a potential method for US-mediated tumor chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the feasibility, accuracy of B ultrasound in the examination of joint space of lumbar spine facet joints compared with CT scan., Methods: Ten healthy adult volunteers were enrolled. The joint space of lumbar facet joints was measured by ultrasound. To identify the spinal levels, the posterior parasagittal sonograms were obtained at levels L1 to S1. The lumbar facet joints were delineated with the help of transverse sonograms at each level. Meanwhile, the lumbar facet joints were evaluated by spiral CT on the same plane, reformatted to 1-mm axial slices., Results: A total of 88 lumbar facet joints from L1 to S1 were clearly visualized in the 10 volunteers. Both ultrasound and CT measurements showed the same average depth and lateral distance of lumbar facet joint space (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The lumbar facet joint space can be accurately demonstrated by ultrasound.

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(17)H(10)F(4)O, is roughly planar, with a dihedral angle of 5.59 (14)° between the two phenyl rings. The mol-ecule has an E conformation with respect to the olefinic bonds. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected through C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and there is slipped π-π stacking [centroid-centroid distance = 3.7983 (18), slippage =1.309 ;Å] between symmetry-related benzene rings.