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Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that white matter (WM) abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa (BN); however, findings from in vivo neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the possible brain WM alterations, including WM volume and microstructure, in patients with BN. We recruited 43 BN patients and 31 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent structural and diffusion tensor imaging. Differences in WM volume and microstructure were evaluated using voxel‐based morphometry, tract‐based spatial statistics, and automated fibre quantification analysis. Compared with HCs, BN patients showed significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in the middle part of the corpus callosum (nodes 31–32) and increased mean diffusivity in the right cranial nerve V (CN V) (nodes 27–33 and nodes 55–88) and vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) (nodes 58–85). Moreover, we found decreased axial diffusivity in the right inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus (node 67) and increased radial diffusivity in the CN V (nodes 22–34 and nodes 52–89) and left VOF (nodes 60–66 and nodes 81–85). Meanwhile, WM microstructural changes were correlated with patients' clinical manifestations. We did not find any significant differences in WM volume and the main WM fibre bundle properties between BN patients and HCs. Taken together, these findings provide that BN shows significant brain WM reorganization, but primarily in microstructure (part of WM fibre bundle), which is not sufficient to cause changes in WM volume. The automated fibre quantification analysis could be more sensitive to detect the subtle pathological changes in a point or segment of the WM fibre bundle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The moisture content of stratum corneum, the skin oil content and the skin texture parameters after using moisturizing products were tested by non-invasive evaluation method. Combined with consumer testing, the correlation between moisture retention and skin texture was analyzed and investigated for moisturizing products. The results show that skin texture parameters show negative correlation with the moisture content of stratum corneum and the skin oil content. That is, increasing the moisture content of stratum corneum and the skin oil content can reduce skin texture to some extent. Consumers are able to feel that the moisture retention of products is negatively correlated with the skin texture parameters obtained by instrument test. This work shows that the random double-blind control experiment can objectively reflect the correlation between moisturizing of cosmetics and skin texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare self‐reported (SR) and interviewer‐rated (IR) oral health between schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BP), and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Design and Methods: 356 patients with SZ, BP, or MDD underwent assessments of psychopathology, side effects, SR, and IR oral health status. Findings: 118 patients (33.1%) reported poor oral health; the corresponding proportion was 36.4% in BP, 34.8% in SZ, and 25.5% in MD (p =.21). SR and IR oral health correlated only modestly (r = 0.17–0.36) in each group. Practice Implications: Psychiatric patients need to be assessed for both SR and IR oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title compound, [Zn(C(8)H(7)O(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], has been synthesized by hydro-thermal methods. The Zn(II) atom, whose symmetry element is a twofold axis, is four coordinated by two O atoms from 5-meth-oxy-salicylate anions and two aqua O atoms in a distorted tetra-hedral geometry. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into a layer by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which stabilize the packing.

Manipulating cellulose molecules in nanosize range to create excellent nano materials is the frontier of cellulose science. Cellulose nanoparticles, a kind of renewable biomaterial, have become the research focus home and aboard. It is of great importance to develop a simple, green, low energy-consuming, rapid and efficient method to prepare cellulose nanoparticles. In the present paper, cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) which enjoy good dispersity and nanosize were prepared by alkaline hydrolysis in a simple and feasible way, with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as the raw material. Moreover, the size and morphology, crystal structure and spectrum properties of the cellulose nanoparticles were analyzed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). TEM images demonstrate that the prepared samples are in quasi-sphere shapes with good dispersity and with size about 20-40 nm. The SEM images of the samples show that the purified cellulose nanoparticles can be obtained after dialysis treatment to remove salt particles. The XRD results show that the microcrystalline cellulose and cellulose nanoparticles almost have the same diffraction peaks in cellulose I crystal form. Because of the damage of amorphous region of MCC by alkaline hydrolysis, the crystallinity of produced samples increases by up to 79.71%. The grain size was calculated with Scherrer's formula, and the average size is about 3-6 nm. Furthermore, the FTIR spectra suggest that the characteristic peaks on the graphs of cellulose nanoparticles have no significant change compared to natural cellulose, which indicates that the sample remains as the basic chemical groups of cellulose. The results show that preparing cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) by alkaline hydrolysis enjoys the ease to operate and can produce high yield, and therefore the study offers a new approach to obtaining cellulose nanoparticles with nanosize and good dispersion.

The title compound, C(17)H(17)FN(4)O(4), is a derivative of ciprofloxacin [1-cyclo-propyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazin-yl)-1,4-dihydro-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid]. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds together with π-π electron ring inter-actions [centroid-centroid separations between quinoline rings of 3.5864 (11) and 3.9339 (13) Å]. A strong intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds is present as well as an intra-molecular C-H⋯F inter-action.