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为促进固体脂质纳米粒与纳米结构脂质载体的综合利用，介绍了固体脂质纳米粒与纳米结构脂质载体的结构、组成，并对其生产技术及质量评估进行了详细阐述。固体脂质纳米粒和纳米结构脂质载体是分别以固体脂质或混合脂质为结构核心并伴有表面活性剂稳定水包油结构的脂溶性物质的纳米输送载体。固体脂质纳米粒和纳米结构脂质载体由脂类、乳化剂及其他成分组成，可采用高能制备工艺（高压均质法、微射流法和超声法）和低能制备工艺（变温相转变法、微乳液法、膜接触法和恒温相反转法）制备，其质量评估指标有粒径、Zeta电位、活性分子的负载能力和包封率及脂质基质的结晶行为等。固体脂质纳米粒和纳米结构脂质载体具有低毒性、低生物降解性、高效生物相容性和利于大规模生产的优势，可作为递送载体保护食品或医药中的活性物质。In order to improve the utilization of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), the structure, composition, production technology and quality evaluation of SLN and NLC were reviewed. SLN and NLC are carriers of liposoluble substances with solid lipids or mixed lipids as the structural core and with surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water structure. SLN and NLC are composed with oils, emulsifiers and other components. SLN and NLC can be prepared by high energy preparation processes (high pressure homogenization, microjet and ultrasonic) and low energy preparation processes (variable temperature phase transition, microemulsion, film contact and constant temperature reverse transformation). The quality characteristics were evaluated by particle size, Zeta potential, loading capacity, encapsulation rate and crystallization behavior of lipid matrix. Based on the advantages of low toxicity, low biodegradability, high biocompatibility and large-scale production of SLN and NLC, they have become a research hotspot to protect active substances in food or medicine as delivery carriers.

Objectives: Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a widely used technique to treat maxillary transverse deficiency. Piezo1 is a cation channel that is activated by mechanical force and regulates bone formation. This study aims to elucidate the role of Piezo1 in bone remodelling during the RME process., Materials and Methods: In this study, the periosteal-derived stem cells (PDSCs) were cultured and stretched by the Flexcell system. The effects of Piezo1 on osteogenesis were assessed via RNA sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR, and western blot analyses. Moreover, for in vivo analyses, the rat RME model was established. The function of Piezo1 in mid-palatal suture bone remodelling was evaluated using micro-CT, haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry analyses., Results: It was revealed that under tension force, the osteogenic factors (Runt-related transcription factor 2, Osterix, and Alkaline Phosphatase) and Ca 2+ /calmodulin -dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) were significantly enhanced in PDSCs over time. Furthermore, these were also upregulated in the RME model with the expansion of the mid-palatal suture. However, Piezo1 inhibition by Grammostola spatulata mechanotoxin 4 downregulated the levels of these factors in the RME model., Conclusions: This study indicated that Piezo1 is associated with the osteogenesis of PDSCs and bone remodelling in the RME process. CaMKII might also participate in this process., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

A series of bis(indolyl)-hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives were synthesised, and their structures were characterised using 1 H-NMR and HRMS. The antifungal activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated against Pyricularia oryzae Cav., Colletotrichum -gloeosporioides Penz., Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr. and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn using the mycelial growth rate method. The preliminary bioassays revealed that most of the synthesised compounds exhibited antifungal activity against the four tested fungi and displayed a remarkable inhibitory effect on the mycelium growth of R. solani . In particular, compounds 3b, 3c, and 3k demonstrated significant antifungal activity against R. solani , with EC 50 values of 26.42, 20.74, and 22.41 μM, respectively, outperforming the positive control shenqinmycin (47.18 μM) and carvacrol (49.13 μM).

Humidity-based power generation that converts internal energy of water molecules into electricity is an emerging approach for harvesting clean energy from nature. Here it is proposed that intrinsic gradient within a humidity field near sweating surfaces, such as rivers, soil, or animal skin, is a promising power resource when integrated with liquid-infused nanofluidics. Specifically, capillary-stabilized ionic liquid (IL, Omim + Cl - ) film is exposed to the above humidity field to create a sustained transmembrane water-content difference, which enables asymmetric ion-diffusion across the nanoconfined fluidics, facilitating long-term electricity generation with the power density of ≈12.11 µW cm -2 . This high record is attributed to the nanoconfined IL that integrates van der Waals and electrostatic interactions to block movement of Omim + clusters while allowing for directional diffusion of moisture-liberated Cl + . This humidity gradient triggers large ion-diffusion flux for power generation indicates great potential of sweating surfaces considering that most of the earth is covered by water or soil., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)