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As an important part of the national security system, energy security is of great importance to the construction of a modern and powerful socialist country in China. Based on the definition of energy security by the International Energy Agency, an evaluation index system of energy security is constructed from three dimensions: production guarantee capacity, import diversification degree and economic affordability. On this basis, analytical hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight method-improved technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation method are combined to obtain relatively fixed energy security index which is not affected by evaluation range and evaluation period. Through the comprehensive evaluation of energy security levels of China and the United States from 2015 to 2021, the change trends of energy security indices of China and the United States are obtained. The results show that China has vast improvement in energy supply guarantee capacity and energy consumption cost, and still needs to further improve China′s energy production capacity, accelerate the construction of a new energy system, enhance energy self-sufficiency, expand the scale of international energy cooperation, reduce energy consumption costs, and ensure energy security.

Business model innovation faces multiple tests of legitimacy. Most extant research in this area has been conducted from institutional and strategic perspectives while paying insufficient attention to the perspective of evaluators. Based on the institutionalization of China's online car-hailing industry from 2012 to 2018, this paper analyzes the legitimacy judgment of the stakeholders from the perspective of evaluator categorization and explores the legitimation mechanism of business model innovation. It finds that evaluators judge the legitimacy of business models based on category cognition. Therefore, to achieve the bridging, spillover, and accumulation effects of legitimacy, the legitimation strategy of online car-hailing platforms should dynamically adapt to different evaluators, judgment models, and categorization standards. Ultimately, as quantitative changes lead to qualitative changes, the legitimation of innovative business models is achieved in this way. In this process, stakeholders categorize and evaluate online car-hailing based on prototypes and value goals, and establish a two-way interactive mechanism, which is from behavior guided by cognition to cognition given feedback by behavior. This paper combines the legitimacy judgment with category theory to explain how individual cognition drives the emergence of new categories and identifies a series of legitimacy strategies based on categorization, thus providing theoretical support and practical inspiration for exploring the legitimation of business model innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and trait activation theory, this study investigated how and when career exploration affects career outcomes in early adulthood with an integrated conceptual framework. Data came from a two-wave survey of young Chinese adults (N = 239). This study examined a serial mediation model in which career exploration related to career satisfaction and person-job fit via career success criteria clarity (CSCC) and career decision making self-efficacy (CDSE) sequentially. Results showed, as expected, that more career exploration was related to higher career satisfaction and better person-job fit via higher career success criteria clarity and CDSE. In addition, results indicated that the indirect effect of career exploration on career outcomes becomes stronger when family socioeconomic status is lower. The current research provided insights into the underlying mechanisms between career exploration and career outcomes and the findings offered practical implications for both career educators and consultants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the new era, the key measure to accelerate the construction of smart city, so as to promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity, is to establish a good urban innovation ecosystem, and guide its continuous evolution to the direction of the highest efficiency and the best performance. Focusing on solving the practical problem of "how the urban innovation ecosystem evolves", this paper develops a NK algorithm using BP neural network and DEMATEL method. First, through literature research, constructing the urban innovation ecosystem including five subsystems of innovation talents, innovation subjects, innovation resources, innovation environment and innovation network. Then, taking Beijing as an example, the weights and the number of epistatic relationships of each subsystem in its innovation ecosystem are calculated by BP neural network and DEMATEL method, and the NK model is modified; on this basis, the fitness values corresponding to different states of the system are calculated using MATLAB software, and the optimal evolution path of Beijing innovation ecosystem is determined through the comparison of 100,000 simulation results. The results show that the optimal evolution path of Beijing's innovation ecosystem is to create a favorable environment and culture for innovation first; then increase the input of innovation resources; and then promote the development of innovation network assets; on this basis, cultivate, attract and retain innovative talents; and finally strengthen the construction of innovation subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Past studies have suggested absorptive capacity plays very important role in knowledge transfer. However, less attention has been paid to the dual process of knowledge transfer, which covers knowledge dissemination and absorption. This study operationalizes the concept of disseminative capacity and analyses differences in disseminative capacity of network members. Theoretical analysis and simulation results showed that the sizes of network, knowledge transfer speed and disseminative capabilities and absorptive capabilities of the individuals in the network have effect on knowledge equilibrium of networks over time. Furthermore, the results showed that the more powerful is a dominant knowledge holder in the network, the quicker the network will converge to a specified knowledge state. Copyright [C] 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Keywords intra-organization networks; disseminative capacity; absorptive capacity; knowledge transfer, INTRODUCTION An increasing body of literature has used the concept of absorptive capacity to investigate knowledge absorption and utilization in an organization. However, knowledge disseminative capacity of knowledge senders remains [...]

HR strategic integration is a key factor reflecting the strategic use of human resources for competitive advantage. It has been argued that the changing business environmental factors such as industry conditions, institutional factors and organizational characteristics drive the emergence of HR strategic integration. However, empirical evidence about the environment factors and HR strategic integration relationship in China is inconsistent, which might be attributed to methodological and theoretical considerations. To address these issues, we draw on strategic tripod theory and employ a multi-source (combining HR managers' subjective evaluations and Statistical Yearbook objective data), time-lagged (across three years), and multi-level research design to examine the environmental factors and the HR–strategic integration relationship. We explore the main and interactive effects of three key environmental variables (industry dynamism, firm size, and firm ownership) on HR strategic integration. We find that three-way interactions of environmental variables are more effective in explaining the relationship between context and HR strategic integration than are two-way interactions and main effects. Our study contributes to the HRM and strategy management literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]