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［Objective］The zoning fare system is widely used in European rail transit systems, but has not yet been put into practice in many Chinese cities with rail transit operation. Following the rapid urban rail transit construction in China and the accelerated formation of metropolitan areas on rails, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the zoning fare system and conduct in-depth discussions on above system adaptability in urban and metropolitan area rail transit of China. ［Method］After investigating the application cases of zoning fare system prices in foreign cities, the practical characteristics of this system are summarized. Taking the Guangzhou metropolitan area rail transit network as an example, a zoning fare system price scheme is proposed. Taking the price of metered fare structure as a reference, the adaptability of zoning fare system in urban and metropolitan area rail transit of China is comprehensively discussed from the aspects of zone scheme demarcation, pricing path setting, fare rule formulation, fare fairness and ticket guarantee capability. ［Result & Conclusion］The results of the research show that the implementation of zoning fare system for metropolitan area rail transit can encourage multiple seamless transfers within the zone, this will be conducive to the integration development of the fare structure and price for metropolitan area rail transit. However, there are great difficulties in zone edges setting and fare rules (basic fares and cross-zone fares) formulating. The zoning fare system also has requirements for the land use form of the region, and may reduce the company′s ability to guarantee fare revenue and change the pricing standards of urban rail transit.

Investigating how the digital economy can improve the innovation efficiency of the high-tech industry in the context of big data. This study uses a three-stage DEA technique to measure the innovation efficiency of high-tech businesses. The index system is created by selecting innovation inputs and outputs and adjusting them with exogenous environmental factors. A thorough and organized method for evaluating digital economy indices has been developed, and weights are allocated to the indexes based on spatial autocorrelation. In the end, the Tobit model is utilized to investigate the impact of the digital economy’s growth on the innovation capacity of high-tech industries. The innovation efficiency of high-tech sectors is positively influenced by the digital economy index, increasing by 0.2102% for every 1% increase. The digital infrastructure regression coefficients for the eastern, central, and western areas are 0.00045, -0.0015, and 0.00076, respectively.

Facing global climate change and energy crises, urban power grids, particularly in Guangxi, need resilience enhancements to cope with these unprecedented challenges. This study proposes a resilience improvement strategy by integrating distributed renewable energy with building systems, tailored to Guangxi’s unique conditions. We demonstrate that optimizing the network structure and protection settings significantly enhances fault recovery capabilities through system analysis, model development, and simulation. Implementing a distributed multi-microgrid system increased the resilience power supply rate by an average of 15% across eight cities in Guangxi, with a 20% improvement in the system’s resilience emergence rate. This was achieved by optimizing power interactions using a dynamic consistency algorithm, showcasing a viable pathway to bolster urban grid resilience through renewable integration and offering insights applicable to similar urban settings.

According to the cultivation goal of vocational education, this paper analyzes the ontological connotation of digital transformation of vocational education from four aspects, namely, precise teaching, embodied learning experience, intelligent management mode, and visualization of evaluation path, and points out the direction of reform of “three-teaching” in higher vocational mathematics. The research subjects were selected and questionnaires were distributed to analyze the current situation of the “Three Teaching Reforms” of higher vocational mathematics under the perspective of digital education. The results summarize that 8 teachers believe that their ability to basically meet the needs of the “Three Teachings” reform, and the number of teachers who say that their ability is not quite able to meet the “Three Teachings” reform is the same, both accounting for 26.67%, while 53.33% of the teachers are still adopting traditional teaching methods and means. Teaching methods and methods. Based on the results of the current situation analysis, we propose a path for the reform of the three aspects of higher vocational mathematics under the perspective of digital education from the three dimensions of teacher cultivation, textbook innovation and teaching methods.

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to present a review on the general effects of different positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels during thoracic surgery by qualitatively categorizing the effects into detrimental, beneficial, and inconclusive. Data source Literature search of Pubmed, CNKI, and Wanfang was made to find relative articles about PEEP levels during thoracic surgery. We used the following keywords as one‐lung ventilation, PEEP, and thoracic surgery. Results We divide the non‐individualized PEEP value into five grades, that is, less than 5, 5, 5–10, 10, and more than 10 cmH2O, among which 5 cmH2O is the most commonly used in clinic at present to maintain alveolar dilatation and reduce the shunt fraction and the occurrence of atelectasis, whereas individualized PEEP, adjusted by test titration or imaging method to adapt to patients' personal characteristics, can effectively ameliorate intraoperative oxygenation and obtain optimal pulmonary compliance and better indexes relating to respiratory mechanics. Conclusions Available data suggest that PEEP might play an important role in one‐lung ventilation, the understanding of which will help in exploring a simple and economical method to set the appropriate PEEP level.

Objective To learn the molecular characteristics of influenza B Victoria lineage (Bv) and evaluate the influenza B spread trend about the epidemic. Methods Based on the Guangdong Influenza Surveillance Networks (GDISN) to selected the Bv with space-time sampling, the nucleotide sequences of HA/NA genes were detected. The evolution and mutations of both genes were analyzed in homology with MEGA 7.026和SPSS 23.0, in evolutionary tree with neighbor-joining method, in selective evolution with Datamonkey 2.0. Results The nucleotide homologies of HA/NA genes in the 2021 strains were statistically different from these of the 2020's (P < 0.01), in which the those of HA genes in 17 strains isolated in the second half of 2021 were up to (99.28±0.25)% compared with these in the vaccine strain B/Austria/1359417/2021. As to HA genes, the epitope A (H137N/Q, A142T and R148G), B (P159L and N162K) and D (S209N/D and T211A) were mutated, therefore the 2020 and 2021 strains in Guangdong were respectively classified into Clade Bv.1a.3 and Bv.1a.3a.2. There were significantly no mutations in the potential glycosylation sites in HA/NA genes, as well in the NA known drug sensitive sites. Evolutionary selection conducted the negative selection sites in HA/NA genes, including amino acid sites 73, 138, 437 and 497 in HA and sites 179, 321 and 335 in NA. Conclusion Influenza Bv strains including HA and NA genes in Guangdong 2021 strain are significantly different from these of the 2020 strains, especially on HA genes in the second half of 2021.

Central nervous system disorders significantly affect the lives and health of millions of people worldwide. Despite many therapeutic drugs are available that could potentially target central nervous system disorders, their clinical utility is severely constrained by their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Fortunately, nanotechnology has been advanced to offers a solution to allow drugs reaching the targeted brain regions safely, efficiently, and precisely through nasal drug delivery system (NDDS), bypassing the BBB completely. This strategy can promote the drug accumulated in the targeted brain region, improve drug bioavailability, and minimal side effects and mucociliary clearance effectively. In this review, we elaborate recent advances in the use of lipid-based nanoparticles, involving liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanostructured lipid carriers, and solid lipid nanoparticles. Besides, we particularly introduced the nasal cavity physiological structure, and further summarized the nose-to-brain drug delivery pathways, including olfactory, trigeminal, and blood circulation pathway. Moreover, the mechanism and route of NDDS by various types of nanoparticles are also highlighted.

Cryptographic cores are the key components to enforce information security properties related to confidentiality and integrity. Since the security of a cryptographic core implementation and the security of the cryptographic algorithm itself from the mathematical perspective are two different problems, cryptographic cores may contain hidden security vulnerabilities such as design flaws and side channels. Security analysis methods based on functional verification rely heavily on the quality of test vectors and usually have low test coverage, which is difficult to meet the security verification requirements of security-critical components like cryptographic cores. This work proposes a cryptographic core security verification and vulnerability detection method from the perspective of information flow security. The proposed method can accurately measure all logical information flows in cryptographic core designs to formally verify security properties such as confidentiality and integrity. It can detect potential security vulnerabilities in cryptographic implementations by capturing harmful information flows. Experimental results show that our information flow security verification method is effective in detecting sensitive information leakage caused by the design vulnerabilities and side channels in cryptographic cores.

With the rapid development of information technology, relying on the network platform to innovate the form of education is no longer unfamiliar. At the same time, the economic development makes the education conditions in rural areas continue to improve, multimedia and other modern education technology into rural schools, the use of network education resources to carry out teaching activities has gradually been recognized by rural teachers. As a key course to carry out the fundamental task of cultivating morality and people, ideological and political course has obvious deficiencies in the degree of attention and actual teaching effect in rural areas. Based on this, this paper focuses on the problem of how to improve the teaching quality and effectiveness of ideological and political courses for children in rural areas with the help of modern information technology, proposes to build a network resource sharing platform of “Hongyuyousi", and focuses on exploring new ideas for the development of ideological and political education for children in rural areas under the background of network education.

A new vibration testing method is introduced to measure three directional vibration of the harmonic reducer used in industrial robot. To simulate the working state of industrial robot,the harmonic reducer loading device is designed. In the case of loading,the vibration of a harmonic reducer in three direction is measured. The time domain statistics and frequency domain analysis are carried out for the measured data. The experimental data is used to evaluate the vibration performance,analyze the vibration characteristics of the harmonic reducer,and determine the cause of the vibration abnormality. The research results show that the presented measuring method is helpful to monitor the vibration performance of the harmonic reducer,and control the quality of the product.

The electrospun yarn for sutures has gained worldwide attention due to its fine fibers that resemble the extracellular matrix and its abundant functional sites. However, the use of a large number of toxic solvents poses safety risks and environmental pollution during production, making it challenging to directly apply electrospun yarn in the biomedical field. In this study, an environmentally friendly and safe method without toxic solvents was proposed for preparing antibacterial PLA ultrafine fiber sutures. This method involves melt electrospinning, hot-stretching, low-temperature plasma treatment, and chitosan grafting. The PLA ultrafine fiber sutures exhibit a high tensile strength which is 2.04 N before knotting and 1.57 N after knotting. The suture diameter is 118.7 [micro]m and average fiber diameter is 1.72 [micro]m. Chitosan grafted on the fiber surface provides excellent antibacterial properties for the sutures, with antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaching 99.89% and 99.11%, respectively. The cell survival rate is 97.33%, while hemolysis rate is only 2.35%, demonstrating excellent biocompatibility of PLA ultrafine fiber sutures. This study presents a green and safe method for preparing clinically applicable absorbable antibacterial surgical sutures with high mechanical properties. Highlights * A green and safe method for preparing PLA-CS ultrafine fiber sutures. * PLA-CS suture with a tensile strength of 2.04 N and a fiber diameter of 1.72 [micro]m. * PLA-CS suture with good antibacterial property and biocompatibility. KEYWORDS antibacterial property, high tensile strength, melt electrospinning, ultrafine fiber suture, 1 | INTRODUCTION Absorbable surgical sutures are commonly utilized for the closure of damaged tissues and organs, providing mechanical support during wound healing. (1) Simultaneously, they possess the ability to [...]

The pumped storage power station is flexible to start, can realize effective storage of electric energy, and has superior peak and frequency modulation effects, which is beneficial to provide comprehensive benefits of the power system. But at present, the construction of pumped-storage power plants has obviously exceeded the speed of policy and market development, resulting in problems in pumped-storage power station operation and cost reduction. Aiming at this problem, this paper further expounds the influence of the construction and operation of pumped storage power station on the electricity price of power grid companies. The revenue of pumped storage power station mainly comes from the auxiliary service market. In China, the peak regulation effect of pumped storage power station is significant and the revenue is considerable. Therefore, this paper studies the formulation of time-of-use price and subsection price of pumped storage power station.