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[Objective] This study aimed to explore the influence mechanism of rock strata dip on soil erodibility and provide references for preventing and controlling water and soil erosion in karst trough valley area. [Methods] The study focused on the dip/anti-dip slope of Qingmuguan karst trough valley area in Chongqing city. Through flume erosion experiments, we analyzed the differences in soil erodibility between different land use types on the dip/anti-dip slopes and investigated the impact of soil physicochemical properties on soil erodibility. [Results] (1) Both dip/anti-dip slopes showed a significant negative correlation with organic matter content, >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates content, and total nitrogen content (p0.25 mm water-stable aggregate content, and total nitrogen compared to the dip slope. (2) Soil erodibility was higher on the dip slope than on the anti-dip slope for all four land use types studied. Additionally, grassland had lower comprehensive scores of soil erodibility than pepper fields, cornfields, and bare land on both the dip/anti-dip slopes. (3) Based on stepwise multiple regression analysis results, prediction models for soil erodibility on the dip/anti-dip slopes were established using organic matter content and >0.25 mm water-stable aggregate content as predictors with determination coefficients R2 of 0.77 and 0.85 respectively. [Conclusion] In summary, grassland had the lowest soil erodibility among all land use types studied regardless of the dip/anti-dip slopes in karst trough valley. Therefore, in order to prevent soil erosion and promote ecological restoration in karst trough valley, it is necessary to cultivate the land reasonably and increase grassland coverage appropriately, thus enhancing the soil's resistance against erosion.

Facing global climate change and energy crises, urban power grids, particularly in Guangxi, need resilience enhancements to cope with these unprecedented challenges. This study proposes a resilience improvement strategy by integrating distributed renewable energy with building systems, tailored to Guangxi’s unique conditions. We demonstrate that optimizing the network structure and protection settings significantly enhances fault recovery capabilities through system analysis, model development, and simulation. Implementing a distributed multi-microgrid system increased the resilience power supply rate by an average of 15% across eight cities in Guangxi, with a 20% improvement in the system’s resilience emergence rate. This was achieved by optimizing power interactions using a dynamic consistency algorithm, showcasing a viable pathway to bolster urban grid resilience through renewable integration and offering insights applicable to similar urban settings.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NitRR) uses nitrate from wastewater, offering a hopeful solution for environmental issues and ammonia production. Yet, varying nitrate levels in real wastewater greatly affect NitRR, slowing down its multi‐step process. Herein, a multi‐strategy approach was explored through the design of ordered mesoporous intermetallic AuCu3 nanocorals with ultrathin Au skin (meso‐i‐AuCu3@ultra‐Au) as an efficient and concentration‐versatile catalyst for NitRR. The highly penetrated structure, coupled with the compressive stress exerted on the skin layer, not only facilitates rapid electron/mass transfer, but also effectively modulates the surface electronic structure, addressing the concentration‐dependent challenges encountered in practical NitRR process. As expected, the novel catalyst demonstrates outstanding NitRR activities and Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 95 % across a real and widespread concentration range (10–2000 mM). Notably, its performance at each concentration matched or exceeded that of the best‐known catalyst designed for that concentration. Multiple operando spectroscopies unveiled the catalyst concurrently optimized the adsorption behavior of different intermediates (adsorbed *NOx and *H) while expediting the hydrogenation steps, leading to an efficient overall reduction process. Moreover, the catalyst also displays promising potential for use in ammonia production at industrial‐relevant current densities and in conceptual zinc‐nitrate batteries, serving trifunctional nitrate conversion, ammonia synthesis and power supply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has become one of the leading death causes in humans. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important biomarker for assessing ASCVD risk level. Thus, monitoring LDL levels can be an important means for early diagnosis of ASCVD. Herein, a novel electrochemical aptasensor for determination LDL was designed based on nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-hemin-manganese oxide nanoparticles (NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs) integrated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated proteins (CRISPR/Cas12a) system. NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs not only have a large surface area and remarkable enhanced electrical conductivity but also the interconversion of different valence states of iron in hemin can provide an electrical signal. Nonspecific single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was bound to NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs to form a signaling probe and was immobilized on the electrode surface. The CRISPR/Cas12a system has excellent trans-cleavage activity, which can be used to cleave ssDNA, thus detaching the NrGO-H-Mn3O4 NPs from the sensing interface and attenuating the electrical signal. Significant signal change triggered by the target was ultimately obtained, thus achieving sensitive detection of the LDL in range from 0.005 to 1000.0 nM with the detection limit of 0.005 nM. The proposed sensor exhibited good stability, selectivity, and stability and achieved reliable detection of LDL in serum samples, demonstrating its promising application prospects for the diagnostic application of LDL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) catalysts with anti‐poisoning ability and high selectivity are in high demand for the widespread application of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). Here, the PdSnW ternary alloy nanoparticles are synthesized by a facile solvothermal method and exhibit an enhanced EOR catalytic performance. CO stripping experiment, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ Fourier transform infrared are employed to study the correlation between catalyst structure and EOR catalytic performance. The oxyphilic Sn and W not only provide dangling O−H bond, accelerating the subsequent oxidation of adsorbed intermediate CO species, but also moderate the electron state of Pd, enhancing the adsorption of CH3CH2OH, thus resulting in the promotion of C−C bond cleavage and an increased C1 selectivity. As a consequence, PdSnW alloy nanoparticle catalyst exhibit a better stability and a higher mass activity than those of Pd/C, PdSn and PdW, respectively. This work not only offers novel insights to strategically design highly efficient electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation, but also further clarifies the inherent structure‐activity relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metal Cr(VI) and organic BPA have posed harmful risks to human health, aquatic organisms and the ecosystem. In this work, Chitosan/bone/bamboo biochar beads (CS-AMCM) were synthesized by co-pyrolysis and in situ precipitation method. These microbeads featured a particle size of approximately 1 ± 0.2 mm and were rich in oxygen/nitrogen functional groups. CS-AMCM was characterized using XRD, Zeta potential, FTIR, etc. Experiments showed that adsorption processes of CS-AMCM on Cr(VI) and BPA fitted well to Langmuir model, with theoretical maximum capacities of 343.61 mg/g and 140.30 mg/g, respectively. Pore filling, electrostatic attraction, redox, complexation and ion exchange were the main mechanisms for Cr(VI), whereas for BPA, the intermolecular force (hydrogen bond) and pore filling were involved. CS-AMCM with adsorbed Cr(VI) demonstrated effective activation in producing ·OH and ·O2 from H2O2, which degraded BPA and Cr(VI) with the removal rates of 99.2% and 98.2%, respectively. CS-AMCM offers the advantages of low-cost, large adsorption capacity, high catalytic degradation efficiency, and favorable recycling in treating Cr(VI) and BPA mixed wastewater, which shows great potential in treating heavy metal and organic matter mixed pollution wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing a novel approach known as aptamer-assisted phage display (APD), we identified an anti-PD-L1 peptide, NV Pep, capable of simultaneous binding to PD-L1 alongside the DNA aptamer MJ5C. Combined inhibition using NV Pep and MJ5C demonstrated significant enhancement compared to individual ligands against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RuO2 has been considered as the most likely acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst to replace IrO2, but its performance, especially long‐term stability under harsh acidic conditions, is still unacceptable. Here, we propose a grain boundary (GB) engineering strategy by fabricating the ultrathin porous RuO2 nanosheet with abundant of grain boundaries (GB‐RuO2) as an efficient acid OER catalyst. The involvement of GB induces significant tensile stress and creates an unsaturated coordination environment, effectively optimizing the adsorption of intermediates and stabilizing active site structure during OER process. Notably, the GB‐RuO2 not only exhibits a low overpotential (η10=187 mV) with an ultra‐low Tafel slope (34.5 mV dec−1), but also steadily operates for over 550 h in 0.1 M HClO4. Quasi in situ/operando methods confirm that the improved stability is attributed to GB preventing Ru dissolution and greatly inhibiting the lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism (LOM). A proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) using the GB‐RuO2 catalyst operates a low voltage of 1.669 V at 2 A cm−2 and operates stably for 100 h at 100 mA cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Material testing, particularly in biological applications, can be an extensive endeavor leading to a significant investment of resources. This article details a simple material and coating testing assay series that provides insights into leaching, antibacterial, antifouling, and foul-release characteristics. The results of these methods can guide future research, applications, and development efforts by providing data from which to make informed decisions. A material or coating can be quickly assessed in industrial and academic settings with minimal resources by employing a set of benign, single-species direct-contact toxicity assays and simple spectroscopic and microscopic analysis methods. Herein, we demonstrate how this series of biological assays may be utilized and the potential interpretations of the results by using two-hybrid organo-silicon-based coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the experimental governance of urban regeneration in China from the perspective of social learning, through an empirical study of a pilot project called Kingway Brewery in Shenzhen. Single-loop and double-loop learning have contributed to policy innovation, through converting tacit knowledge from experimental pilot projects into explicit and codified knowledge in policy-making. Problem and strategy framing incrementally became more mature and structured, during the deliberative interaction of continuous experimental practice and social learning. In the micro processes of social learning and policy innovation, planners play a crucial role as intermediators and knowledge brokers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]