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The gut-brain-metabolic axis has emerged as a critical area of research, highlighting the intricate connections between the gut microbiome, metabolic processes, and cognitive function. This review article delves into the complex interplay between these interconnected systems, exploring their role in the development of insulin resistance and cognitive decline. The article emphasizes the pivotal influence of the gut microbiota on central nervous system (CNS) function, demonstrating how microbial colonization can program the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis for stress response in mice. It further elucidates the mechanisms by which gut microbial carbohydrate metabolism contributes to insulin resistance, a key factor in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders and cognitive impairment. Notably, the review highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting the gut-brain-metabolic axis through various interventions, such as dietary modifications, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). These approaches have shown promising results in improving insulin sensitivity and cognitive function in both animal models and human studies. The article also emphasizes the need for further research to elucidate the specific microbial species and metabolites involved in modulating the gut-brain axis, as well as the long-term effects and safety of these therapeutic interventions. Advances in metagenomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics are expected to provide deeper insights into the complex interactions within the gut microbiota and their impact on host health. Overall, this comprehensive review underscores the significance of the gut-brain-metabolic axis in the pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic and cognitive disorders, offering a promising avenue for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting this intricate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the foremost global cause of mortality, accounting for 32% of total deaths in 2019, with 85% attributed to heart attacks and strokes. Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) exhibit an elevated susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD). In numerous studies, it has been established that genetic polymorphism of genes influences the onset, progression, and complications of coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aims of this study are to employ bibliometric analysis methods for mapping the array of research on genome variability concerning the development of coronary heart disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: We derived the data from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database and Scopus on January 6, 2023. All publications from 1987 to 2023 are exported in plain text format for WoS-CC and BibTeX format for Scopus, containing bibliographic information, keywords, and citation information. RStudio v.4.1.2 software (RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA, USA) was used for conducting bibliometric analysis. Results: Our analysis of 241 articles published between 1987 and 2023 revealed a consistent increase in research output, especially after 2004, highlighting a growing academic focus on genome variability's role in coronary heart disease (CHD) development among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients. Key contributing journals include The Lancet and Nature Genetics, indicating high-impact interest in this domain. The United States leads in research productivity and collaboration, with China also emerging as a notable contributor in recent years. Prominent authors such as S. Humphries have significantly shaped the field, contributing to a cumulative knowledge base that underscores the role of genetic factors in CHD among T2DM patients. Discussion: Our findings underscore the value of bibliometric studies in guiding future research directions. This increasing scholarly attention to genome variability in CHD and T2DM may encourage deeper investigation into specific genetic polymorphisms and their mechanistic roles in disease progression. Additionally, these insights can help prioritize collaboration across leading research hubs and potentially drive innovation in therapeutic interventions targeting genetic risk factors in CHD and T2DM. Future research could build on these trends by focusing on comparative studies across populations, advancing precision medicine approaches for at-risk individuals with T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As global populations continue to undergo demographic aging, the role of caregivers in providing essential support and assistance to older adults has become increasingly prominent. This demographic shift has led to a growing reliance on informal caregivers, often family members, who take on the responsibilities of caring for older adults. This not only affects immediate family dynamics but also holds broader implications for societal sustainability. The primary objective of this bibliometric analysis is to comprehensively examine the worldwide research output related to the quality of life and caregiver burden among individuals providing care to older adults. By understanding the worldwide research output related to caregivers and their quality of life and burden, we can assess the long-term sustainability of caregiving practices. We retrieved studies with titles containing the terms "caregivers", "burden", "quality of life", and "aged" from the Web of Science (WOS) database. The collected publications were then subjected to analysis using the "bibliometric" package in the R programming environment. A total of 44 publications from 2006–2023 were included in the analysis. Spain emerged as the leading contributor in terms of the number of publications, accounting for 21.9%, followed by the USA at 16.5% and China at 13.6%. The most prolific institution was Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan, responsible for 25% of the publications. Among the authors, Cura-Gonzalez I.D. had the highest number of articles, contributing four publications, or 9.1% of the total output. An analysis of co-occurring keywords revealed that the predominant focus of the research revolved around caregiver burden, quality of life, health, care, stress, and impact, reflecting enduring areas of interest within this field. This bibliometric analysis may serve as a tool to provide insights into the current state of research on caregiver burden and quality of life among those caring for older adults. The results of this study can contribute to the assessment of research strategies and the encouragement of global cooperation in the field of care for older adults. By considering the multidimensional nature of caregiving challenges and promoting international cooperation, strides can be made towards sustainable caregiving practices that ensure the wellbeing of both caregivers and the aging population, thus safeguarding the sustainability of healthcare systems worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]