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Epicotyl grafting is considered as the most efficient grafting technique in mango (Mangifera indica L.) and it is also well documented for timely seedling production of desired varieties. Therefore, the present study was perceived to assess the success and survival rate of epicotyl grafting. The study was conducted using a container-based setup and involved two factors: three varieties (Langra, Sindhri, and Chaunsa) and four different rootstock ages (20, 30, 40, and 50 days). The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 36 treatment combinations distributed equally in three replications. The findings revealed that all the studied traits were significantly affected by varieties and rootstock ages. It was further noted that Chaunsa variety showed best results for most of the studied traits except days to bud break and first flush while 50 days old rootstock demonstrated satisfying results for most of the parameters followed by 40 days old rootstock while the lowest results for all the traits were found in 20 days old rootstock except days to bud break and first flush. It is concluded that well established rootstock of 50 days and Chaunsa variety were found best for epicotyl grafting in mango. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ipil Ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) often called the lead tree, is a resilient and fast-growing plant native to Mexico and Central America. It's highly valued for its versatility, serving as animal fodder, a renewable source of timber, and for its ability to enhance soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. This species, with its distinctive foliage and flowers, plays a crucial role in sustainable agriculture an experiment was conducted during the year 2020 to examine the comparative effect of hydro and halopriming on seed germination and seedling growth of Ipil Ipil. The seeds of Ipil Ipil were primed in various solutions for 30 hours. The seeds were soaked in priming solutions viz. distilled water, lukewarm water and in NaCl solution @ 1% and 2%. The unprimed seeds were taken control. The results revealed that all the observed parameters studied in the present study were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by various seed priming treatments. The results of seed priming depict that seed germination (90.00%), germination index (0.43), germination time (5.22 days) and seedling vigor index (1498.0) were observed better in response to the lukewarm water. While the seeds primed with NaCl @ 1% had better results for fresh biomass of shoot (5.58 g), root (1.44 g), dry biomass of shoot (1.57 g) and root (0.29 g). Quality index of the seedlings and sturdiness quotient had better result from NaCl treatment. The quality of the seedlings was measured in terms of sturdiness quotient, quality index of the seedlings and leakage of the electrolytes. The sturdiness quotient (0.98), quality index of the seedling (24.85) was also better in response to the NaCl seed priming @ 1%. The only leakage of the electrolytes had no significant of seed priming. In conclusion, lukewarm water significantly impacted seed germination, while NaCl @ 1% mainly influenced seedling growth parameters. This study emphasizes the crucial role of seed priming in enhancing Ipil Ipil seedling quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]