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The archaeological findings in Bukit Choras are among the best preserved structural remains of Bujang Valley. Previous studies have revealed sacred buildings made of laterite blocks, ancient water reservoirs, as well as a Buddhist inscription which can be dated back to the 6th/7th Century C.E. Although Bukit Choras is currently located 8 km inland, in ancient times, it could have been nearer to the shoreline similar to other pre-14th Century coastal sites of Bujang Valley. Thus, this research attempts to reconstruct the paleoshoreline of the area by determining whether the dryland surrounding Bukit Choras was once submerged under the sea. In this study, hand-augered soil samples from the surrounding areas of Bukit Choras were analysed by using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and digital microscopy, while 14C dating was carried out on two organic samples extracted from the sediments. The possible locations of the paleoshoreline were deduced based on the analysis of geochemical and microfossil contents of the sediments while taking into account the sea-level fluctuations and the geomorphology of the area. Thus, it is concluded that Bukit Choras was once a coastal site, surrounded by a marine and swampy environment, while the archaeological site functioned as one of the coastal settlements of the Bujang Valley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Archaeological studies conducted at one of the sites located on the river banks of the Sungai Batu aim to reveal the architecture of the ancient river jetty structure. In order to obtain primary data related to the architectural appearance of this jetty, field research consisting of survey, mapping, excavation and analysis of artifacts was conducted to enable the final interpretation to be submitted. Based on the study has revealed the discovery of a monumental structure built entirely of brick directed and sloping towards the ancient river clearly suggests its function as a ancient jetty. The chronometric dating of the jetty was determined using the OSL method which was built since 582 BCE. Based on Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) data revealed by the world-impact jet site, it allows iconic travel packages to be created and offered to tourists in the district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bukit Bunuh was discovered through a special project for mapping the new archaeological and paleoenvironmental sites around the Lenggong area in 2001. Bukit Bunuh is an open Paleolithic site with 3 km2 . Dating at Bukit Bunuh involves two main studies which are archeology and geology. This dating is done using chronometric methods such as OSL, FT, ESR, K-Ar, U-Pb and 40Ar)39Ar. OSL dating was done in an archaeological study at Bukit Bunuh which gave an age of 490,000-500,000; 270,000-320,000; 40,000 dan 30,000 years ago. This dating technique was performed on the in-situ cultural layer in the excavation trench that took place in 2001, 2003, 2008 and 2010. However, according to studies the age range for the OSL dating technique is around 450,000 years ago. Dating for geological studies has been done on the impact rocks in Bukit Bunuh to determine the age of the meteorite impact that has occurred in the area. Dating via the FT method of stone tools in suevite rocks gives a date of about 1.83 million years ago. However, some other methods used such as ESR, K-Ar, U-Pb and 40Ar)39Ar have given a different age and much older which is around ~ 305 to 1.34 million years ago which shows the age of bedrock in the study area such as Triassic Granite rock. Yet the findings of stone tools in the suevit have suggested that the age of the meteorite impact that occurred at Bukit Bunuh is unlikely to be older than the Quaternary period. Therefore, this paper will examine the issues and problems that occur in the study of dating, especially for the effective age range of the dating technique used in addition to the constraints faced by the dating technique. The successful dating will fill the age gap and contribute to the prehistoric chronology of the Bukit Bunuh Paleolithic Complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]