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RI-RICH, a ring-imaging Cherenkov counter for radioactive ions, has been developed to measure the velocity of the ions at intermediate energies. Our RI-RICH system consists of six multi-anode photomultiplier tubes covered with 360-nm bandpass filters and a radiator made of quartz or BK7. For the primary 132Xe beam with a velocity of β = 0 . 712 , a velocity resolution of Δ β ∕ β = 4 . 9 × 1 0 − 4 (one standard deviation σ ) and a detection efficiency of more than 99.99% were achieved. For the secondary beams with Z = 44 – 55 and β ≃ 0 . 70 , we successfully performed particle identification using the B ρ - Δ E - β method. The velocity resolutions of RI-RICH for these nuclides were equivalent to a more than 6 σ separation for the mass number.

Charge changing cross sections (\(\sigma _{\text{CC}}\)) for ^40–48K and ^42–51Ca have been measured using BigRIPS at RIBF, RIKEN. The \(\sigma _{\text{CC}}\) obtained along the long isotopic chain of K and Ca revealed the fact that \(\sigma _{\text{CC}}\) have strong proton separation energy () dependence. The data are compared with the calculation based on the Glauber model and also with the proton evaporation model. It is found that the \(\sigma _{\text{CC}}\) data are well reproduced when the proton evaporation effect is taken into account.

Interaction cross sections for ^{42-51}Ca on a carbon target at 280 MeV/nucleon have been measured for the first time. The neutron number dependence of derived root-mean-square matter radii shows a significant increase beyond the neutron magic number N=28. Furthermore, this enhancement of matter radii is much larger than that of the previously measured charge radii, indicating a novel growth in neutron skin thickness. A simple examination based on the Fermi-type distribution, and mean field calculations point out that this anomalous enhancement of the nuclear size beyond N=28 results from an enlargement of the core by a sudden increase in the surface diffuseness of the neutron density distribution, which implies the swelling of the bare ^{48}Ca core in Ca isotopes beyond N=28.

System xc− was recently described as the most upstream node in a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis. In this context, the small molecule erastin was reported to target and inhibit system xc−, leading to cysteine starvation, glutathione depletion and consequently ferroptotic cell death. Although the inhibitory effect of erastin towards system xc− is well-documented, nothing is known about its mechanism of action. Therefore, we sought to interrogate in more detail the underlying mechanism of erastin’s pro-ferroptotic effects. When comparing with some well-known inhibitors of system xc−, erastin was the most efficient inhibitor acting at low micromolar concentrations. Notably, only a very short exposure of cells with low erastin concentrations was sufficient to cause a strong and persistent inhibition of system xc−, causing glutathione depletion. These inhibitory effects towards system xc− did not involve cysteine modifications of the transporter. More importantly, short exposure of tumor cells with erastin strongly potentiated the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin to efficiently eradicate tumor cells. Hence, our data suggests that only a very short pre-treatment of erastin suffices to synergize with cisplatin to efficiently induce cancer cell death, findings that might guide us in the design of novel cancer treatment paradigms.

The β-ray detected nuclear magnetic resonance (β-NMR) of a short lived-nucleus 17N (I = 1/2, T1/2 = 4.173 s) in liquid H2O and CH3NO2 has been performed. A π-pulse method was applied to obtain sharp NMR lines, from which the ratio of the Larmor frequencies of 17N in CH3NO2 and 1H was determined to be ν[17N in CH3NO2]/ν[1H2O] = 0.1265751 ± 0.0000019. Two resonance lines were observed for 17N in H2O with the relative frequency shifts of –(2.33 ± 0.37) × 10−4 and (2.91 ± 0.27) × 10−4 referenced to 17N in CH3NO2.

A β-NMR study of 12B implanted in diamond was performed in order to investigate the implantation sites and the defects. The maintained polarization of 12B was measured by use of widely modulated rf around the Larmor frequency (ν = νL ± 200 kHz) as a function of temperature from 160 K to 320 K. The observed polarization was found to be almost constant at about 0.9 % in this temperature range. The initial polarization for this system was obtained as about 8.1 %. Therefore about 10 % of the implanted 12B maintained its polarization in this frequency range. Conversely, about 90 % of the implanted 12B was undetected in the present experiment.

System xc− was recently described as the most upstream node in a novel form of regulated necrotic cell death, called ferroptosis. In this context, the small molecule erastin was reported to target and inhibit system xc−, leading to cysteine starvation, glutathione depletion and consequently ferroptotic cell death. Although the inhibitory effect of erastin towards system xc− is well-documented, nothing is known about its mechanism of action. Therefore, we sought to interrogate in more detail the underlying mechanism of erastin’s pro-ferroptotic effects. When comparing with some well-known inhibitors of system xc−, erastin was the most efficient inhibitor acting at low micromolar concentrations. Notably, only a very short exposure of cells with low erastin concentrations was sufficient to cause a strong and persistent inhibition of system xc−, causing glutathione depletion. These inhibitory effects towards system xc− did not involve cysteine modifications of the transporter. More importantly, short exposure of tumor cells with erastin strongly potentiated the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin to efficiently eradicate tumor cells. Hence, our data suggests that only a very short pre-treatment of erastin suffices to synergize with cisplatin to efficiently induce cancer cell death, findings that might guide us in the design of novel cancer treatment paradigms.

Up to this day, RICHes have been mainly used for high energy experiments to identify leptons and mesons. On the other hand, the number of Cherenkov photons is proportional to square of the atomic number, so that application of a RICH for heavy ions is expected. Then we are developing a ring-imaging Cherenkov counter for heavy ions (HI-RICH). The experiment was performed at NIRS-HIMAC. As for the primary beam ($^{132}$Xe with an energy of 420 MeV/u), a velocity resolution $\Delta\beta/\beta=0.050\%$ (standard deviation $\sigma$) and a detection efficiency $\varepsilon=99.9\%$ were achieved. Regarding to the secondary beam, a particle identification was successfully performed with HI-RICH and an ion chamber.

Proton computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique using a high-energy proton beam penetrating the human body and shows promise for improving the quality of cancer therapy with high-energy particle beams because more accurate electron density distribution measurements can be achieved with proton CT. The deterioration of the spatial resolution owing to multiple Coulomb scattering is, however, a crucial issue. The control of the radiation dose and the long exposure time are also problems to be solved. We have developed a prototype system for proton CT with a silicon strip detector and performed a beam test for imaging. The distribution of the electron density has been measured precisely. We also demonstrated an improvement in spatial resolution by reconstructing the proton trajectory. A spatial resolution of 0.45 mm is achieved for a 25-mm-thick polyethylene object. This will be a useful result for upgrading proton CT application for practical use.

The tilted-foil method for producing spin-polarized radioactive isotope beams has been studied using the re-accelerated radioactive 8 Li and 123 In beams produced at Tokai Radioactive Ion Accelerator Complex (TRIAC) facility. We successfully produced polarization in a 8 Li beam of 7.3(5)% using thin polystyrene foils (4.2 μg/cm 2 ). The systematic study of the nuclear polarization as a function of the number of foils and beam energy has been performed, confirming the features of the tilted-foil technique experimentally. After the study, a spin-polarized radioactive 123 In beam, which is the heaviest ever polarized in its ground state by this method, has been successfully generated by the tilted-foil method, for the nuclear spectroscopy around the doubly magic nucleus 132 Sn.

As next generation spectroscopic tools, heavy-ion cooler storage rings will be a unique application of highly charged RI beam experiments. Decay spectroscopy of highly charged rare isotopes provides us important information relevant to the stellar conditions, such as for the s- and r-process nucleosynthesis. In-ring decay products of highly charged RI will be momentum-analyzed and reach a position-sensitive detector set-up located outside of the storage orbit. To realize such in-ring decay experiments, we have developed and tested two types of high-resolution position-sensitive detectors: silicon strips and scintillating fibers. The beam test experiments resulted in excellent position resolutions for both detectors, which will be available for future storage-ring experiments.

The periodic time modulations, found recently in the two-body orbital electron capture (EC) decay of both, hydrogen-like 140Pr58+ and 142Pm60+ ions, with periods near to 7 s and amplitudes of about 20%, were re-investigated for the case of 142Pm60+ by using a 245 MHz resonator cavity with a much improved sensitivity and time resolution. We observed that the exponential EC decay is modulated with a period T = 7.11 ( 11 ) s , in accordance with a modulation period T = 7.12 ( 11 ) s as obtained from simultaneous observations with a capacitive pick-up, employed also in the previous experiments. The modulation amplitudes amount to a R = 0.107 ( 24 ) and a P = 0.134 ( 27 ) for the 245 MHz resonator and the capacitive pick-up, respectively. These new results corroborate for both detectors exactly our previous findings of modulation periods near to 7 s , though with distinctly smaller amplitudes. Also the three-body β + decays have been analyzed. For a supposed modulation period near to 7 s we found an amplitude a = 0.027 ( 27 ) , compatible with a = 0 and in agreement with the preliminary result a = 0.030 ( 30 ) of our previous experiment. These observations could point at weak interaction as origin of the observed 7 s -modulation of the EC decay. Furthermore, the data suggest that interference terms occur in the two-body EC decay, although the neutrinos are not directly observed.

Production of spin polarized short-lived nucleus 12N (I π = 1 + , T 1/2 = 11 ms) using heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies has been performed. Typical polarization of about −25 % and +10 % through the projectile fragmentation Be(14N, 12N)X and the charge exchange CH2(12C, 12N)X processes, respectively, was obtained. The present study proved that the combination of a 12C beam and a proton target provides a fairly good quality of polarized 12N beam in terms of intensity and energy uniformity, and is promising for materials science use of 12N as a nuclear probe.

We report our studies in various fields of Physics through nuclear moments utilizing the β-NMR technique, including material sciences, nuclear structures and fundamental symmetries. Especially, we focus on the recent progress in the studies on the electronic structure in Pt through Knight shifts of various impurities, lattice locations of impurities, electric field gradients, the analysis of nuclear spin in terms of its components, anomaly in the spin expectation value for 9C-9Li mirror pair, the G-parity conservation law, and the Ramsey resonance on UCN for future neutron EDM measurements.

Interaction cross sections (sigma(1)) for Me isotopes from the stability line to the vicinity of the neutron drip line have been measured at around 240 MeV/nucleon using BigRIPS at RIBF, RIKEN, The sigma(1) for Ne27-32 in every case exceed the systematic mass-number dependence of sigma(1) for stable nuclei, which can be explained by considering the nuclear deformation. In particular the sigma(1) for Ne-29 and Ne-31 are significantly greater than those of their neighboring nuclides. These enhancements of sigma(1) for Ne-29 and Ne-31 cannot be explained by a single-particle model calculation under the assumption that the valence neutron of Ne-29 (Ne-31) occupies the 0d(3/2) (0f(7/2)) orbital, as expected from the standard spherical shell ordering. The present data suggest an s dominant halo structure of Ne-29 and s- or p-orbital halo in Ne-31. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Reaction cross sections with various kinds of breakup channels for neutron-rich carbon isotopes 18–20C and for 9Be impinging on a liquid hydrogen target were investigated at 40 MeV/nucleon. The nuclides of interest were produced via projectile fragmentation from a 63 MeV/nucleon 40Ar beam and were separated in flight at the RIKEN projectile fragment separator (RIPS). The combination of the large-acceptance superconducting TOF spectrometer, TOMBEE (TOF Mass analyzer for exotic BEam Experiment), with a liquid hydrogen target, CRYPTA (CRYogenic ProTon and Alpha target system), enables simultaneous measurements of several reaction channels: the reaction cross sections ( σ R ), individual elemental fragmentation cross sections ( σ Δ Z ), charge-changing cross sections ( σ cc ), neutron-removal cross sections ( σ − x n ), and charge-pickup cross sections ( σ Δ Z + 1 ) for 19,20C; σ Δ Z , σ − x n , and σ Δ Z + 1 for 18C; and σ R for 9Be. The present σ R of 9Be on proton, σ R = 397 ± 23 mb , measured in the inverse kinematics, was consistent with the previous measurements using proton beams at different laboratories. The σ R of 19C and 20C on proton were determined to be σ R = 754 ± 22 mb and σ R = 791 ± 34 mb , respectively. Taking into account the beam energy and target dependence of σ R , the present σ R are found to be considerably enhanced compared with those measured at around 1 GeV/nucleon. The σ Δ Z + 1 appears to increase with the mass number of the projectiles, and it significantly contributes to σ R in the present energy range. The finite-range optical-limit and few-body Glauber model analyses were performed for σ R to study the nuclear matter density distributions and to derive the relative strength of the s-wave components of the valence neutrons in 19C and 20C. A neutron halo structure of 19C is confirmed with an s-wave dominance of the valence neutron when the effect of the charge-pickup reaction is taken into account. The large σ − n of 19C and σ − 2 n of 20C also support the decoupled structures of 18C +n and 18C + 2 n , respectively. The σ cc of 19C and 20C agree with each other within their experimental uncertainties, which might indicate a similar proton density distribution in 19C and 20C. The σ Δ Z decreases monotonically without the even–odd effect as the number of removed protons increases.

The degrees of polarization of proton rich nucleus 28P produced in charge exchange reactions 28Si + 9Be → 28P + X, and 28Si + 1H → 28P + X have been observed at 100A MeV. Utilizing thus obtained polarized nuclei, the magnetic moment of 28P was remeasured, and |μ(28P)| = 0.3115 (34) μN was obtained. β-nuclear quadrupole resonance (β-NQR) of 28P implanted in α-Al2O3 have been observed for the first time, in order to measure the electric quadrupole moment of this nucleus.

Nuclear magnetic resonance measurement has been performed for 197Pt oriented at 7 mK in a Ni host. The magnetic hyperfine splitting frequency at external magnetic fields of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 T were determined to be 229.4(1), 228.2(2) and 226.9(3) MHz, respectively. By using published values of the magnetic resonance frequency of 197PtNi and magnetic moments determined by atomic beam methods, the hyperfine anomaly between the two isotopes is deduced to be 191Δ197 = +13(5)%. Which is extremely large compared to the theoretical value of +0.2%. Based on the same reasoning, the hyperfine anomaly with 195Pt, an isotope with the same spin and parity, is found to be 195Δ197 = +15(5)%. We conclude therefore that the published magnetic moment of 197Pt is more likely in error. If we assume the hyperfine anomaly195Δ197 = 0, a magnetic moment μ (191Pt) = 0.45(1) μN is obtained.

The β-NMR study of short-lived nucleus 58Cu (I π = 1 + , T 1/2 = 3.2 s) in Si has been performed. Spin polarization of 58Cu induced by the charge exchange reaction of 58Ni was observed in Si at 15 K. The 58Cu magnetic moment $|\upmu[^{58}\mbox{Cu}]| = (0.46 \pm 0.03)\upmu_{\rm N}$ deduced from the β-NMR spectrum is consistent with the previous results on the laser spectroscopy. The present result shows that the 58Cu nucleus is promising as a new nuclear probe for the microscopic study of Cu impurities in Si.

We report recent situation of anomaly in spin expectation value found in 9 C- 9 Li mirror pair, recent analysis of the nuclear spin in terms of orbital or intrinsic and proton or neutron, and a result from the study of the G -parity conservation law through β -ray angular correlation in terms of its nuclear orientation.

Nuclear magnetic resonances were measured for 48Sc and 44mSc oriented at 8 mK in an Fe host metal. The magnetic hyperfine splitting frequencies at an external magnetic field of 0.2 T were determined to be 63.22(11) MHz and 64.81(1) MHz for 48Sc and 44mSc, respectively. With the known magnetic moment of μ (44mSc)=+3.88(1) μ N , the magnetic moment of 48Sc is deduced as |μ(48Sc)|=3.785(12) μ N . The measured magnetic moment of 48Sc is discussed in terms of the shell model using the effective interactions.

We measured the polarization of the β-emitting 23Ne (I π =5/2+, T 1/2=37.24 s) and 25Al(I π =5/2+, T 1/2=7.18 s) produced through the one nucleon pickup reactions and 24mAl(I π =1+, T 1/2=131 ms, E ex=426keV) and 28P(I π =3+, T 1/2=270 ms) produced through charge-exchange reactions in the intermediate energy heavy ion collisions. We compared them with those from the projectile fragmentation process. The larger polarization seems to persistently be positive throughout the momentum distribution, and sharper momentum distributions suggest that nuclear friction mechanism is responsible for the polarization phenomena.

The electric quadrupole (Q) moment of short-lived nucleus 25Al \((I^{\pi} = 5/2^{+}, T_{1/2} = 7.18~{\rm s})\) has been measured for the first time, by means of the β-NQR technique. The spin polarization of 25Al was produced in heavy ion collisions and was kept in a α-Al2O3 single crystal for as long as 2 s and the quadrupole coupling frequency was obtained as ∣ eqQ / h(25Al in Al2O3) ∣ = (4.05 ±0.30) MHz. From the result, the Q moment was determined as ∣ Q(25Al)∣ = (240 ±20) mb. The present Q moment is larger by 30% than the shell model value of 184 mb, calculated by OXBASH code, which may show additional deformation of the nucleus.

Nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented nuclei (NMR-ON) on Sc isotopes (A=44, 44 m, 46, 47) in Fe were performed. Using the known magnetic moments the magnetic hyperfine fields were determined. The hyperfine anomalies of various Sc were deduced; 44Δ47=0.0 (12) %, 44mΔ47=1.2 (4) %, 46Δ47=2.7 (8) %. The measured hyperfine anomalies are briefly discussed based on the shell model.

The magnetic moment of 28p (Iπ =3+, T1/2 =270.3 ms) in the ground state has been measured by the β-nuclear magnetic resonance method for the first time. The measured magnetic moment of |μ(28P)|=0.309(9) μN is well reproduced by the shell model value of +0.306 μN. The shell model calculation also yields a proton density distribution with a long tail. The present results provide a strong confirmation of the configuration of the 2s1/2 proton which should lead to the proton halo.

The magnetic moment of short lived β-emitter 24mAl (426 keV, Iπ = 1 + , T1/2 = 131 ms) has been measured by means of β-NMR technique, for the first time. From the β-NMR spectrum, the magnetic moment was determined as \(\left| {\upmu}\left( ^{\rm 24m}{\rm Al} \right) \right|=\left( {2.99\pm 0.09} \right){\upmu}_{\rm N}\). Combined with the known magnetic moment of the mirror partner 24mNa, the expectation value of is obtained to be (0.08 ± 0.12). These values are reproduced well by the shell model calculation.

The spin-lattice relaxation times T1 for short-lived β emitters 25Al(I = 5/2, T1/2 = 7.2 s) and 28P(I = 3, T1/2 = 270 ms) in Pt were measured by means of the β-NMR technique. As a result, T1[25Al in Pt] = (1.1 \(^{+\ 0.7}_{-\ 0.3})\) s and T1[28P in Pt] >0.5 s were obtained at temperatures of 17 and 20 K, respectively. The Knight shifts were estimated from the Korringa relation, which were evaluated by comparing to the first principle calculations.

In order to study the local electronic structure of nitrogen impurity in rutile TiO2, we have measured double-quantum NMR spectra of short lived β-emitter 12N(I=1, T 1/2=11 ms) implanted into a rutile single crystal by means of the β-NMR technique. The resonance line obtained at room temperature is well accounted for by the second order shift due to the quadrupole interaction at the oxygen substitutional site. The spectrum at 25 K has shown the other lines than the central diamagnetic line shifted by 10–15 kHz to both sides, which has been already shown in the previous data obtained with a different crystal orientation and an external field. The present results supports the existence of a paramagnetic state formed by the substitutional nitrogen impurities.

The β-NMR of the probe atom 12B implanted in In-doped germanium was measured as a function of temperature. As a result, three resonances were observed: sharp and broad resonances around the Larmor frequency and a resonance split by the electric quadrupole interaction. It was found that the appearance of the resonances is similar to the case of Si host (Izumikawa et al. Hyperfine Interact. 136/137:559–605, 2001). The quadrupole coupling constant for the split resonance was deduced as vbeqQ/h|=252(3) kHz under the assumption that it has 〈111〉 axial symmetry. And furthermore, assuming that the defect atom jumps thermally between the identical defect sites, the activation energy of the jump was deduced as 0.4±0.1 ev.

Highly charged radioactive ions can be stored for extended periods of time in storage rings which allows for precision measurements of their decay modes. The straightforward motivation for performing such studies is that fully ionised nuclei or few-electron ions can be viewed as clean quantum-mechanical systems, in which the interactions of the many electrons can be either excluded or treated precisely. Thus, the influence of the electron shell on the decay probability can be investigated. Another important motivation is stellar nucleosynthesis, which proceeds at high temperatures and the involved atoms are therefore highly ionised. Presented here is a compact review of the relevant experiments conducted at heavy-ion storage rings. Furthermore, we outline the perspectives for future experiments at new-generation storage-ring facilities.

Reaction cross sections of Li-8 on stable targets were measured at intermediate energies. With the existing experimental data of interaction cross sections at 790 MeV/nucleon the nucleon density distribution of Li-8 was extracted by the use of the modified Glauber model. Meanwhile, the existing data of B-8 have been also reanalyzed. Structures of Li-8 and B-8 were compared through the density. On the basis of dilute surface densities, the discussion of Li-7(n,gamma) Li-8 and Be-7(p,gamma) B-8 capture reactions was performed within the framework of the direct capture reaction mechanism. The calculations agreed quite well with the experimental data as well as other analyses.

The longitudinal momentum (p//) distributions of fragments after one-proton removal and reaction cross sections (σR) for several N = 10 isotones at intermediate energy (~ 70A MeV ) have been measured simultaneously at the RIken Projectile fragment Separator (RIPS). p// was measured using a direct time-of-flight (TOF) technique, while σR was determined using a transmission method. An enhanced σR is observed for 23 Al comparing with its neighbors. The p// distribution for 22 Mg fragments from 23 Al one-proton removal reaction has been obtained for the first time. The experimental data are discussed within a Few Body Glauber (FBG) framework. Analysis of p// indicates a dominant d-wave component in the ground state of 23 Al . This agrees with recent experimental results. We also suggest the possibility of an enlarged 22 Mg core for proton-rich nucleus 23 Al .

We have measured the interaction cross-sections ( σ I ) for light neutron-rich nuclei ( 14 Be, 14,15 B) at ∼50 A MeV at the Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL) in IMP with a new scheme. In this scheme, a carbon reaction target was installed at the intermediate focusing point at RIBLL. This scheme allowed us to identify particles before and after the reaction target unambiguously. However, this scheme might suffer a large loss of transmission efficiency in the second half of RIBLL. We checked this effect by changing the emittance of the RI beams. The results showed that a correction of the transmission efficiency is needed to deduce σ I . We performed a Monte Carlo type simulation and tried to deduce σ I for the above nuclei. Finally, we obtained reasonable σ I although their error bars were fairly large. The results were compared with calculations by an energy-dependent semi-empirical formula.

The dynamical behavior of nitrogen impurity in TiO2 was examined microscopically by means of the β-NMR technique. Short-lived radioactive nucleus 12N( I = 1 , T 1 / 2 = 1 1 ms ) was implanted into a single crystal of rutile TiO2 and its NMR was observed at 300–900 K through the β-ray detection. Spin–lattice relaxation due to a fluctuation of the nuclear quadrupole interaction induced by an atomic motion was observed for oxygen substitutional and interstitial lattice sites. The corresponding amplitude of the fluctuation for the substitutional site was found to be much smaller than the static quadrupole field. From this result and the deduced activation energy, we infer that a substitutional 12N atom remains in the site and the observed spin–lattice relaxation is attributed to the motion of some kind of defects. The possibility of interstitial nitrogen diffusion is also discussed.

The g-factor of the exteremely proton-rich nucleus 23Al(T 1/2 = 0.47 s) has been measured for the first time, applying β-NMR technique on this nucleus implanted in Si. The obtained |g| = (1.58 ± 0.2) suggests that the spin of the ground state of 23Al is 5 / 2. The magnetic moment is determined as |μ| = (3.95 ± 0.55) μ N.

Recent studies of hyperfine fields B HF of Sr and Y in Fe are briefly reviewed. The B HF value of Y in Ni is given by NMRON of 91mYNi. The nuclear magnetic moment of the ground state of 93Y is extracted from the β-ray detected NMRON of 93YFe.

A high-rate particle identification device for high-energy heavy ions has been developed which utilizes a stacked configuration of grid-less parallel plate gas ionization chambers with thin anode–cathode gaps. The high-rate capability of this chamber was realized by adopting bipolar shaping of anode signals and by the suitable choice of a counter gas. Z -resolutions of 0.2–0.3 were obtained for nuclear fragments of Ar 40 at 95 A MeV with an intensity as high as 10 6 cps .

17 Ne is one of the candidates for a proton-halo nucleus. In order to make the halo structure of 17 Ne clear, we studied the density distribution of 17 Ne through the reaction cross sections σ R . As a consequence, it is suggested from σ R data that 17 Ne has a long tail in the density, which is consistent with an occupancy of the 2 s 1/2 orbital by the two valence protons.

The reaction cross section of 17 C on a carbon target at 79 A MeV has been measured by the transmission method. The density distribution of 17 C was deduced using the finite-range Glauber model (FRGM) combined with the interaction cross section of 17 C at high energy. The existence of a tail in the density distribution of 17 C is suggested to get a better understanding of both the low energy and high energy data. Under a core plus single-particle assumption, analysis shows a dominant d -wave of the valence neutron in 17 C.

Brute-force nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented nuclei (BF-NMRON) was used to investigate the nuclear spin-relaxation times, T 1 , of 90 Nb in Nb and Cu, 96 Tc in Nb, 101 m Rh in Cu, and 110 m Ag in Ag with an external field of 11.922 T at about 10 mK. The observed relaxation times with known nuclear g-factors were used to estimate the converted relaxation rates, ( T 1 T g n 2 ) -1 , which were compared with those obtained from NMR and other methods. From the comparison, it was found that ( T 1 T g n 2 ) -1 of 90 Nb in Nb and 110 m Ag in Ag coincided with those of the bulk systems. ( T 1 T g n 2 ) -1 of 90 Nb in Cu was about four times larger than that of Nb bulk system. Both 96 Tc in Nb and 101 m Rh in Cu produced ( T 1 T g n 2 ) -1 values consistent with previous studies.