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426 results on '"Takeshi Oka"'

1. James Kay Graham Watson. 20 April 1936—18 December 2020

Author

A. R. W. McKellar and Takeshi Oka

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

J. K. G. (Jim) Watson was a world-leading authority on the basic theory of molecular rotation and vibration, especially renowned for his simplification of the rotational and rotation–vibration Hamiltonians (energy expressions). Other significant scientific achievements include the treatment of ‘forbidden’ rotational transitions in symmetric molecules and analysis of the spectrum of the H 3 + molecular ion, both of which have important astrophysical implications. Jim was a reticent individual who carried out much of his most important research solo, while at the same time he had a wide circle of collaborators who were often experimentalists seeking theoretical guidance. Although his most profound contributions were highly mathematical, he always endeavoured to present the ultimate results in a widely useful form.

Published
2023

2. Hepatocyte-specific GDF15 overexpression improves high-fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice via hepatic FGF21 induction

Author

Kento Takeuchi, Kanji Yamaguchi, Yusuke Takahashi, Kota Yano, Shinya Okishio, Hiroshi Ishiba, Nozomi Tochiki, Seita Kataoka, Hideki Fujii, Naoto Iwai, Yuya Seko, Atsushi Umemura, Michihisa Moriguchi, Takeshi Okanoue, and Yoshito Itoh

Subjects
GDF15, FGF21, Hepatokine, NAFLD, MASLD, ER stress, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract GDF15 and FGF21, stress-responsive cytokines primarily secreted from the liver, are promising therapeutic targets for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the interaction between GDF15 and FGF21 remains unclear. We examined the effects of hepatocyte-specific GDF15 or FGF21 overexpression in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice for 8 weeks. Hydrodynamic injection of GDF15 or FGF21 sustained high circulating levels of GDF15 or FGF21, respectively, resulting in marked reductions in body weight, epididymal fat mass, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. In addition, GDF15 treatment led to early reduction in body weight despite no change in food intake, indicating the role of GDF15 other than appetite loss. GDF15 treatment increased liver-derived serum FGF21 levels, whereas FGF21 treatment did not affect GDF15 expression. GDF15 promoted eIF2α phosphorylation and XBP1 splicing, leading to FGF21 induction. In murine AML12 hepatocytes treated with free fatty acids (FFAs), GDF15 overexpression upregulated Fgf21 mRNA levels and promoted eIF2α phosphorylation and XBP1 splicing. Overall, continuous exposure to excess FFAs resulted in a gradual increase of β-oxidation-derived reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress, suggesting that GDF15 enhanced this pathway and induced FGF21 expression. GDF15- and FGF21-related crosstalk is an important pathway for the treatment of MASLD.

Published
2024
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3. Tofogliflozin attenuates renal lipid deposition and inflammation via PPARα upregulation mediated by miR-21a impairment in diet-induced steatohepatitic mice

Author

Sae Nishihara, Masahiro Koseki, Katsunao Tanaka, Takashi Omatsu, Ayami Saga, Hiroshi Sawabe, Hiroyasu Inui, Takeshi Okada, Tohru Ohama, Daisuke Okuzaki, Yoshihiro Kamada, Masafumi Ono, Makoto Nishida, Mikio Watanabe, and Yasushi Sakata

Subjects
tofogliflozin, chronic kidney disease (ckd), inflammation, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (pparα), micro-rna-21(mir-21), Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

We previously demonstrated hepatic, cardiac, and skin inflammation in a high-fat diet-induced steatotic liver disease (SLD) model. However, the molecular mechanism in the kidneys in this model remains unclear. It has been recently reported that SGLT2 inhibitors improve chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, we used this model to evaluate the effects of tofogliflozin on renal lipid metabolism and inflammation. Male 8–10-week-old C57Bl/6 mice were fed a high-fat/high-cholesterol/high-sucrose/bile acid (HF/HC/HS/BA) diet with 0.015% tofogliflozin (Tofo group) or an HF/HC/HS/BA diet alone (SLD group). After eight weeks, serum lipid profiles, histology, lipid content, and mRNA/microRNA and protein expression levels in the kidney were examined. The Tofo group showed significant reductions in body (26.9 ± 0.9 vs. 24.5 ± 1.0 g; p < 0.001) and kidney weight compared to those of the SLD group. Renal cholesterol (9.1 ± 1.6 vs. 7.5 ± 0.7 mg/g; p < 0.05) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) (12.0 ± 3.0 vs. 8.4 ± 1.5 μEq/g; p < 0.01) were significantly decreased in the Tofo group. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of fewer lipid droplets. mRNA sequencing analysis revealed that fatty acid metabolism-related genes were upregulated and NFκB signaling pathway-related genes were downregulated in the Tofo group. MicroRNA sequencing analysis indicated that miR-21a was downregulated and miR-204 was upregulated in the Tofo group. Notably, the expression of PPARα, which has been known to be negatively regulated by miR-21, was significantly increased, leading to enhancing β-oxidation genes, Acox1 and Cpt1 in the Tofo group. Tofogliflozin decreased renal cholesterol and NEFA levels and improved inflammation through the regulation of PPARα and miR-21a.

Published
2024
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4. FORBIDDEN ROTATIONAL TRANSITIONS AND ASTROPHYSICS

Author

Takeshi Oka

Subjects
Physics, 010304 chemical physics, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Thermalisation, Metastability, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, Spontaneous emission, Physics::Atomic Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The theory of forbidden rotational transitions is reviewed and spontaneous emission rates and lifetimes of metastable levels of NH3, H3O+, H3+, and CH3CN are calculated. Rotational levels are classified into stable, metastable, and unstable levels. The importance of the forbidden rotational transitions in the thermalization of interstellar molecules is discussed.

Published
2022

5. Carfilzomib shows therapeutic potential for reduction of liver fibrosis by targeting hepatic stellate cell activation

Author

Ayana Fujiwara, Keisuke Takemura, Anna Tanaka, Misaki Matsumoto, Masato Katsuyama, Takeshi Okanoue, Kanji Yamaguchi, Yoshito Itoh, Kazumi Iwata, Kikuko Amagase, and Atsushi Umemura

Subjects
Proteasome inhibitor, Carfilzomib, Hepatic stellate cell, Liver fibrosis, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Because hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a major role in fibrosis, we focused on HSCs as a potential target for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, we attempted to identify drug candidates to inactivate HSCs and found that several proteasome inhibitors (PIs) reduced HSC viability. Our data showed that a second-generation PI, carfilzomib (CZM), suppressed the expression of fibrotic markers in primary murine HSCs at low concentrations of 5 or 10 nM. Since CZM was not toxic to HSCs up to a concentration of 12.5 nM, we examined its antifibrotic effects further. CZM achieved a clear reduction in liver fibrosis in the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse model of liver fibrosis without worsening of liver injury. Mechanistically, RNA sequence analysis of primary HSCs revealed that CZM inhibits mitosis in HSCs. In the CCl4-injured liver, amphiregulin, which is known to activate mitogenic signaling pathways and fibrogenic activity and is upregulated in murine and human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), was downregulated by CZM administration, leading to inhibition of mitosis in HSCs. Thus, CZM and next-generation PIs in development could be potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of liver fibrosis via inactivation of HSCs without liver injury.

Published
2024
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6. Outcomes of partially covered self-expandable metal stents with different uncovered lengths in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy: a Japanese retrospective study

Author

Takeshi Okamoto, Takashi Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Tatsuki Hirai, Takahiro Ishitsuka, Manabu Yamada, Hiroki Nakagawa, Takafumi Mie, Takaaki Furukawa, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Masato Ozaka, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
bile duct obstruction, biliary tract, endosonography, pancreatic neoplasms, self expandable metallic stents, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background/Aims The optimal length of the uncovered portion of partially covered self-expandable metal stents (PCSEMSs) used in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) remains unclear. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of PCSEMSs with different uncovered lengths, with a focus on stent migration and time to recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO). Methods Outcomes of patients undergoing EUS-HGS using PCSEMSs with 5-mm and 20-mm uncovered portions at our institution from January 2016 to December 2021 were compared. Results Sixty-two patients underwent EUS-HGS using PCSEMS (5/20-mm uncovered portions: 32/30). Stent migration occurred only in the 5-mm group. There were no differences in RBO rates (28.1% vs. 40.0%) or median time to RBO (6.8 vs. 7.1 months) between the two groups. Median overall survival (OS) was longer in the 20-mm group (3.1 vs. 4.9 months, p=0.037) due to the higher number of patients that resumed chemotherapy after EUS-HGS (56.7% vs. 28.1%, p=0.029). Good performance status, absence of hepatic metastases, and chemotherapy after EUS-HGS were independent predictors of longer OS. Conclusions No migration was observed in patients treated with PCSEMS with 20-mm uncovered portions. Patients treated with PCSEMS with 20-mm uncovered portions performed at least as well as those treated with 5-mm uncovered portions in all material respects.

Published
2024
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7. Prognosis of biopsy-confirmed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A sub-analysis of the CLIONE study

Author

Michihiro Iwaki, Hideki Fujii, Hideki Hayashi, Hidenori Toyoda, Satoshi Oeda, Hideyuki Hyogo, Miwa Kawanaka, Asahiro Morishita, Kensuke Munekage, Kazuhito Kawata, Tsubasa Tsutsumi, Koji Sawada, Tatsuji Maeshiro, Hiroshi Tobita, Yuichi Yoshida, Masafumi Naito, Asuka Araki, Shingo Arakaki, Takumi Kawaguchi, Hidenao Noritake, Masafumi Ono, Tsutomu Masaki, Satoshi Yasuda, Eiichi Tomita, Masato Yoneda, Akihiro Tokushige, Yoshihiro Kamada, Hirokazu Takahashi, Shinichiro Ueda, Shinichi Aishima, Yoshio Sumida, Atsushi Nakajima, and Takeshi Okanoue

Subjects
prognosis, steatotic liver disease, liver biopsy, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background/Aims Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was recently proposed as an alternative disease concept to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the prognosis of patients with biopsy-confirmed MASLD using data from a multicenter study. Methods This was a sub-analysis of the Clinical Outcome Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (CLIONE) study that included 1,398 patients with NAFLD. Liver biopsy specimens were pathologically diagnosed and histologically scored using the NASH Clinical Research Network system, the FLIP algorithm, and the SAF score. Patients who met at least one cardiometabolic criterion were diagnosed with MASLD. Results Approximately 99% of cases (n=1,381) were classified as MASLD. Patients with no cardiometabolic risk (n=17) had a significantly lower BMI than patients with MASLD (20.9 kg/m2 vs. 28.0 kg/m2, P

Published
2024
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8. Beneficial effects of clazosentan add-on treatment on delayed cerebral microcirculatory disturbances after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Author

Hidenori Suzuki, Hideki Nakajima, Tomonori Ichikawa, Ryuta Yasuda, Takeshi Okada, Fuki Goto, Shota Ito, Yasutaka Horiuchi, Yotaro Kitano, Hirofumi Nishikawa, Masashi Fujimoto, and Naoki Toma

Subjects
Cerebral microcirculation, Delayed cerebral ischemia, Endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, Computed tomography perfusion imaging, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the prospectively collected data of computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging and to examine if clazosentan add-on administration prevented post-subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) delayed cerebral microcirculatory dysfunctions. Methods: A total of 36 consecutive patients with non-mild SAH due to ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms and no significant cardiopulmonary dysfunctions (mean age, 67.9 years; and admission World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grades IV–V, 66.7 %) underwent aneurysmal obliteration up to day 3 post-SAH, followed by our conventional treatment (fasudil hydrochloride, cilostazol and perampanel administrations; n = 20; January 2020 to May 2022) or add-on administration of clazosentan (10 mg/hr) to the conventional treatment (n = 16; June 2022 to May 2023). Results: Clazosentan add-on treatment significantly affected perioperative fluid management, which appeared to have no effects on the finding of CT perfusion imaging performed a median of 6.5 to 7.0 days post-SAH. However, cerebral blood flow and mean transit time were better in patients receiving add-on administration of clazosentan, although angiographic vasospasm frequencies and cerebral blood volume values were similar between the two treatment groups. Conclusion: The findings suggest that clazosentan add-on treatment has beneficial effects against post-SAH angiographic vasospasm-unrelated delayed cerebral microcirculatory dysfunctions possibly by improving blood flow in smaller resistance arteries or arterioles.

Published
2024
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9. Risk factors for recurrent stenosis after balloon dilation for benign hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture

Author

Takafumi Mie, Takashi Sasaki, Takeshi Okamoto, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Chinatsu Mori, Yuto Yamada, Takaaki Furukawa, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Masato Matsuyama, Masato Ozaka, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
adverse events, balloon-assisted enteroscopy, balloon dilation, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background/Aims Hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture (HJAS) is a feared adverse event associated with hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Although balloon dilation for benign HJAS during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with balloon-assisted enteroscopy has been reported to be useful, the treatment strategy remains controversial. Therefore, we evaluated the outcomes and risk factors of recurrent stenosis after balloon dilation alone for benign HJAS. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent balloon-assisted enteroscopy–endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for benign HJAS at our institution between July 2014 and December 2020. Results Forty-six patients were included, 16 of whom had recurrent HJAS after balloon dilation. The patency rates at 1 and 2 years after balloon dilation were 76.8% and 64.2%, respectively. Presence of a residual balloon notch during balloon dilation was an independent predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–7.78; p=0.048), whereas HJAS within postoperative 1 year tended to be associated with recurrence (hazard ratio, 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–6.89; p=0.096). The patency rates in patients without a residual balloon notch were 82.1% and 73.1% after 1 and 2 years, respectively. Conclusions Balloon dilation alone may be a viable option for patients with benign HJAS without residual balloon notches on fluoroscopy.

Published
2024
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12. Real-world status of treatment for lymphoid neoplasms developed during the course of myeloproliferative neoplasms in Japan

Author

Yoko Edahiro, Tomonori Ochiai, Yoshinori Hashimoto, Michiko Ichii, Takeshi Okatani, Hiromi Omura, Kei Nakajima, Makoto Sasaki, Jun Ando, Tomoiku Takaku, Michiaki Koike, Koh Izumiyama, Junji Hiraga, Tomofumi Yano, Kensuke Usuki, Eiichi Ohtsuka, Kenji Yokoyama, Tatsuo Oyake, Naoki Takahashi, Tetsuya Nishida, Takafumi Nakao, Yasutaka Fukuda, Takashi Akasaka, Atsuko Mugitani, Miki Ando, and Norio Komatsu

Subjects
Myeloproliferative neoplasms, polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, myelofibrosis, lymphoid neoplasms, chemotherapy, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Abstract

ABSTRACTObjectives: Patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are at higher risk of developing secondary malignancies. In this study, we focused on patients with MPNs that complicated lymphoid neoplasms. To analyze the real-world status of lymphoid neoplasm treatment in patients with pre-existing MPNs in Japan, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study.Methods: Questionnaires were sent to collect the data on patients who were first diagnosed with either polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia or myelofibrosis and who later were complicated with lymphoid neoplasms defined as malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphoma.Results: Twenty-four patients with MPNs complicated by lymphoid neoplasms were enrolled (polycythemia vera, n = 8; essential thrombocythemia, n = 14; and primary myelofibrosis, n = 2). Among these, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the most frequently observed (n = 13, 54.1%). Twelve (92.3%) of the patients with DLBCL received conventional chemotherapy. Among these 12 patients, regarding cytoreductive therapy for MPNs, 8 patients stopped treatment, one continued treatment, and two received a reduced dose. Consequently, most patients were able to receive conventional chemotherapy for DLBCL with a slightly higher dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support than usual without worse outcomes. All 3 patients with multiple myeloma received a standard dose of chemotherapy.Conclusion: Our data indicate that if aggressive lymphoid neoplasms develop during the course of treatment in patients with MPNs, it is acceptable to prioritize chemotherapy for lymphoma.

Published
2024
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13. H.e.s.s. And magic observations of a sudden cessation of a very-high-energy γ -ray flare in PKS 1510-089 in May 2016

Author

A. Yusafzai, J. van Scherpenberg, M. Büchele, B. Boccardi, S. Caroff, S. J. Fegan, Daniela Dorner, T. Schweizer, Mosè Mariotti, Gaia Vanzo, Tom Armstrong, Nu. Komin, Pratik Majumdar, M. V. Fonseca, Matteo Cerruti, A. Lemiere, F. Eichhorn, J. Devin, C. Trichard, Michael Punch, Stefano Gabici, M. Palatiello, V. A. Acciari, F. Schüssler, Sylvia Zhu, P. J. Meintjes, Werner Hofmann, Samuel Timothy Spencer, Y. Kajiwara, J. Zorn, D. Dominis Prester, S. Bonnefoy, Constantin Steppa, G. Maurin, Adrian Biland, J. M. Paredes, Antonio Stamerra, U. Barres de Almeida, Tadayuki Takahashi, Damir Lelas, Victor Doroshenko, Davide Depaoli, Dmitriy Kostunin, R. Mirzoyan, T. Surić, D. Gottschall, M. Füßling, Moritz Hütten, Lea Heckmann, M. Gaug, J. Herrera, Ullrich Schwanke, C. Arcaro, H. Abdalla, Lorenzo Bellizzi, Thomas P. Krichbaum, Francesco Dazzi, John Hoang, Martin Will, Dominik Baack, L. Maraschi, Elina Lindfors, M. A. Kastendieck, R. Rauth, V. Baghmanyan, D. Ninci, Koji Noda, Michael Backes, S. Raab, Sanae Inoue, Giacomo D'Amico, Manuel Meyer, Q. Remy, L. Olivera-Nieto, Dorota Sobczyńska, Elisa Bernardini, M. Filipovic, Riaan Steenkamp, Davit Zargaryan, Hambeleleni Ndiyavala, Stefan Klepser, G. Vasileiadis, G. Lamanna, S. G. Jorstad, Daniel Mazin, Jacek Niemiec, Kirsty Feijen, Alessandro Montanari, Tim Holch, Seiya Nozaki, Anna Barnacka, M. Hörbe, Giacomo Bonnoli, D. Strom, T. Tavernier, Takeshi Oka, Axel Donath, J. Rico, A. W. Chen, J. Dyks, T. Chand, Jim Hinton, F. Niederwanger, Olaf Reimer, Daniel Kerszberg, Manuel Delfino, Krzysztof Katarzynski, Ivica Puljak, S. Sailer, Dmitry Khangulyan, Christian Fruck, Gavin Rowell, D. A. Sanchez, Maria Haupt, Julian Sitarek, Alan P. Marscher, Stefano Truzzi, Pablo Peñil, E. O. Angüner, Catherine Boisson, S. Ventura, Dieter Horns, M. Bryan, V. Barbosa Martins, L. Sun, Rachel Simoni, Gerard Fontaine, Jacco Vink, P. Reichherzer, Jim Davies, G. Hermann, Regis Terrier, Clemens Hoischen, A. A. Zdziarski, G. Ferrara, Francois Brun, G. Emery, M. de Bony de Lavergne, P. Vincent, Kyoshi Nishijima, Alessandra Lamastra, G. Fichet de Clairfontaine, E. de Oña Wilhelmi, P. Munar-Adrover, Yoshiki Ohtani, Carlo Romoli, Jordi Delgado, Wrijupan Bhattacharyya, L. Di Venere, D. Zarić, Zorawar Wadiasingh, F. Di Pierro, Ž. Bošnjak, Hester Schutte, Isak Delberth Davids, Roberta Zanin, Karl Mannheim, M. Strzys, Łukasz Stawarz, R. J. Tuffs, V. Fallah Ramazani, B. Bi, Marc Ribó, Sabrina Casanova, H. Prokoph, A. Carosi, Stefano Covino, D. J. van der Walt, Thomas Murach, Yating Chai, Saša Mićanović, Jae-Young Kim, V. Vitale, Francesco Longo, R. Konno, Alicia Fattorini, Narek Sahakyan, Y. A. Gallant, R. J. García López, Junko Kushida, Jürgen Besenrieder, Dario Hrupec, P. Da Vela, S. Steinmassl, P. G. Prada Moroni, Jonathan Mackey, Rafal Moderski, Stefan Cikota, Hidetoshi Kubo, Armelle Jardin-Blicq, Monica Barnard, J. Otero-Santos, Mischa Breuhaus, J. Becerra González, Yu. W. Wong, V. Joshi, Samuel Zouari, N. Shafi, Natalia Żywucka, E. Prandini, M. A. Lopez, Gianluca Giavitto, Katsuaki Asano, Mitsunari Takahashi, T. Vuillaume, M. Curyło, P. Morris, K. Egberts, Stefano Ansoldi, M. de Naurois, Pawel Gliwny, L. Pavletić, C. Moore, Alessia Spolon, M. Vazquez Acosta, D. Elsaesser, Tomoki Saito, Giovanni Ceribella, Riccardo Paoletti, Celine Armand, Jhilik Majumdar, Stefan Ohm, G. Busetto, Léa Jouvin, Ana Babić, Frank M. Rieger, A. Dmytriiev, Dorit Glawion, Z. R. Weaver, Włodek Kluźniak, S. Chandra, V. Marandon, A. Djannati-Ataï, E. Moulin, Tomasz Bulik, Alessio Berti, M. Seglar-Arroyo, H. Odaka, Christian Stegmann, Stefan Wagner, C. Perennes, Pierre Brun, Yasunobu Uchiyama, A. Fiasson, U. Colin, David A. Green, Kazuma Ishio, A. Arbet Engels, A. De Angelis, Wlodek Bednarek, Nikola Godinovic, F. Ait Benkhali, Vassil Verguilov, Camilla Maggio, L. Mohrmann, Jean-Pierre Ernenwein, M. Spir-Jacob, M. Karjalainen, Vitaly Neustroev, P. deWilt, M. Scalici, Victoria Moreno, A. Priyana Noel, A. López-Oramas, M. Lemoine-Goumard, N. Torres-Albà, Martin Makariev, C. van Rensburg, Oscar Blanch, S. Pita, Alexander Hahn, V. Sahakian, Yusuke Suda, S. Schwemmer, Thomas Lohse, Misao Sasaki, Daniel Morcuende, Johannes Veh, D. Jankowsky, Michael Kreter, D. Berge, Luca Tosti, R. Marx, F. Werner, V. Poireau, Andrea Santangelo, C. Nigro, Andreas Quirrenbach, Jose Luis Contreras, E. Ruiz-Velasco, Thomas Bylund, M. Tluczykont, V. D'Elia, A. S. Seyffert, Jose Miguel Miranda, Massimo Persic, L. Dirson, Efthalia Traianou, Carlo Vigorito, Sargis Gasparyan, Y. Kobayashi, Jacques Muller, Jeffrey A. Hodgson, Marek Jamrozy, Christoph Deil, I. Jung-Richardt, Joachim Hahn, Mohanraj Senniappan, A. Rugliancich, Marina Manganaro, K. Nakashima, Kleopas Shiningayamwe, Alice Donini, Michelle Tsirou, Yuki Iwamura, G. Maneva, L. A. Antonelli, Juan Cortina, Markus Holler, Michal Ostrowski, Wolfgang Rhode, L. Rinchiuso, Felix Jankowsky, Sebastian Panny, M. I. Martínez, Michael Zacharias, Ferdinando Giordano, Felix Aharonian, Lluis Font, J.-P. Lenain, Merja Tornikoski, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, M.-H. Grondin, Lenka Tomankova, Markus Böttcher, Alison Mitchell, Chiara Righi, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, Tomislav Terzić, Alexandre Marcowith, P. Temnikov, Helene Sol, Sabrina Einecke, Iryna Lypova, Toshiaki Inada, Rodolfo Carosi, R. D. Parsons, Yvonne Becherini, Shunsuke Sakurai, L. Giunti, A. Nayerhoda, Arnaud Mares, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, Satoshi Fukami, Konstancja Satalecka, Stefan Funk, Johan Bregeon, Sidika Merve Colak, Alicja Wierzcholska, R. J. White, F. Leone, Michele Doro, D. Huber, Carolina Casadio, Anne Lähteenmäki, Masahiro Teshima, Domenico Tiziani, D. Malyshev, M. Panter, U. Katz, Heinrich J. Völk, G. Martí-Devesa, C. Levy, M. Renaud, J. A. Barrio, Kai Phillip Schmidt, L. Oakes, N. Giglietto, Simone Mender, Paolo Marchegiani, Ashot Chilingarian, Tjark Miener, James E. M. Watson, David Paneque, J. Bolmont, Manuela Mallamaci, Halim Ashkar, A. Sinha, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Kari Nilsson, B. van Soelen, B. Rudak, R. Adam, D. Miceli, M. Mohamed, Saverio Lombardi, E. Molina, P. T. O'Brien, E. Colombo, Lab Saha, Luca Foffano, C. van Eldik, G. Peron, Garret Cotter, D. Hadasch, D. A. Prokhorov, K. Kosack, Konrad Bernlöhr, B. Peyaud, I. Vovk, G. Pühlhofer, A. Reimer, J. F. Glicenstein, Bruno Khelifi, Serena Loporchio, I. Snidaric, Abelardo Moralejo, Andreas Specovius, E. Moretti, Bernd Schleicher, M. Minev, B. De Lotto, Andrés Baquero, A.M. Taylor, J. Damascene Mbarubucyeye, Christo Venter, Ciro Bigongiari, A. Zech, M. Garczarczyk, R. López-Coto, Q. Piel, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), H.E.S.S., MAGIC, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), German Research Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Department of Atomic Energy (India), Academy of Finland, University of Tokyo, La Caixa, Croatian Science Foundation, University of Rijeka, Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, Abdalla, H., Adam, R., Aharonian, F., Ait Benkhali, F., Ang??ner, E. O., Arcaro, C., Armand, C., Armstrong, T., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baghmanyan, V., Barbosa Martins, V., Barnacka, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernl??hr, K., Bi, B., B??ttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnefoy, S., de Bony de Lavergne, M., Bregeon, J., Breuhaus, M., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., B??chele, M., Bulik, T., Bylund, T., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Chand, T., Chandra, S., Chen, A., Cotter, G., Cury??o, M., Damascene Mbarubucyeye, J., Davids, I. D., Davies, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., Dewilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ata??, A., Dmytriiev, A., Donath, A., Doroshenko, V., Dyks, J., Egberts, K., Eichhorn, F., Einecke, S., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J. -P., Feijen, K., Fegan, S., Fiasson, A., Fichet de Clairfontaine, G., Filipovic, M., Fontaine, G., Funk, S., F????ling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Giavitto, G., Giunti, L., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Grondin, M. -H., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., H??rbe, M., Horns, D., Huber, D., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Jung-Richardt, I., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzy??ski, K., Katz, U., Khangulyan, D., Kh??lifi, B., Klepser, S., Klu??niak, W., Komin, Nu., Konno, R., Kosack, K., Kostunin, D., Kreter, M., Lamanna, G., Lemi??re, A., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Levy, C., Lohse, T., Lypova, I., Mackey, J., Majumdar, J., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marchegiani, P., Marcowith, A., Mares, A., Mart??-Devesa, G., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Meintjes, P. J., Meyer, M., Mitchell, A. M. W., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Montanari, A., Moore, C., Morris, P., Moulin, E., Muller, J., Murach, T., Nakashima, K., Nayerhoda, A., de Naurois, M., Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., O???brien, P., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Olivera-Nieto, L., de Ona Wilhelmi, E., Ostrowski, M., Panter, M., Panny, S., Parsons, R. D., Peron, G., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Priyana Noel, A., Prokhorov, D. A., Prokoph, H., P??hlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Remy, Q., Renaud, M., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Sahakian, V., Sailer, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Scalici, M., Sch??ssler, F., Schutte, H. M., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Senniappan, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sinha, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, ??., Sun, L., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steinmassl, S., Steppa, C., Takahashi, T., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Tomankova, L., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., van Eldik, C., van Rensburg, C., van Soelen, B., Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Vincent, P., Vink, J., V??lk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Watson, J., Werner, F., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Wong, Yu. W., Yusafzai, A., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zargaryan, D., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhu, S. J., Zorn, J., Zouari, S., ywucka, N., Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arbet Engels, A., Asano, K., Baack, D., Babi??, A., Baquero, A., Barres de Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonz??lez, J., Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bo??njak, ??., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colin, U., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D???amico, G., D???elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Do Souto Espi??eira, E., Dominis Prester, D., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Garc??a L??pez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovi??, N., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Heckmann, L., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., H??tten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., L??pez, M., L??pez-Coto, R., L??pez-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Mart??nez, M., Mazin, D., Mender, S., Mi??anovi??, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Munar-Adrover, P., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavleti??, L., Pe??il, P., Perennes, C., Persic, M., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Priyadarshi, C., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Rib??, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., nidari??, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suri??, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzi??, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Alb??, N., Tosti, L., Truzzi, S., van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Zari??, D., Jorstad, S. G., Marscher, A. P., Boccardi, B., Casadio, C., Hodgson, J., Kim, J. -Y., Krichbaum, T. P., L??hteenm??ki, A., Tornikoski, M., Traianou, E., Weaver, Z. R., Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
non-thermal, quasars: individual: PKS 1510−089, galaxies: active, relativistic processes, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies [radiation mechanisms], Photon, individual: PKS 1510−089 [quasars], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal / quasars: individual: PKS 1510−089 / galaxies: active / relativistic processes, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, quasars: individual: PKS 1510-089, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxies: Active, Quasars: Individual: Pks 1510-089, Radiation mechanisms: Non-thermal, Relativistic processes, individual: PKS 1510-089 [quasars], MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Light curve, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], relativistic processes [radiation mechanisms], Extragalactic background light, Space and Planetary Science, active [galaxies], ddc:520, Física nuclear, quasars: individual: PKS 1510���089, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Flare
Abstract

The flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) PKS 1510−089 is known for its complex multiwavelength behaviour and it is one of only a few FSRQs detected in very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) γ rays. The VHE γ-ray observations with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC in late May and early June 2016 resulted in the detection of an unprecedented flare, which revealed, for the first time, VHE γ-ray intranight variability for this source. While a common variability timescale of 1.5 h has been found, there is a significant deviation near the end of the flare, with a timescale of ∼20 min marking the cessation of the event. The peak flux is nearly two orders of magnitude above the low-level emission. For the first time, a curvature was detected in the VHE γ-ray spectrum of PKS 1510–089, which can be fully explained by the absorption on the part of the extragalactic background light. Optical R-band observations with ATOM revealed a counterpart of the γ-ray flare, even though the detailed flux evolution differs from the VHE γ-ray light curve. Interestingly, a steep flux decrease was observed at the same time as the cessation of the VHE γ-ray flare. In the high-energy (HE, E > 100 MeV) γ-ray band, only a moderate flux increase was observed with Fermi-LAT, while the HE γ-ray spectrum significantly hardens up to a photon index of 1.6. A search for broad-line region (BLR) absorption features in the γ-ray spectrum indicates that the emission region is located outside of the BLR. Radio very-long-baseline interferometry observations reveal a fast-moving knot interacting with a standing jet feature around the time of the flare. As the standing feature is located ∼50 pc from the black hole, the emission region of the flare may have been located at a significant distance from the black hole. If this is indeed a true correlation, the VHE γ rays must have been produced far down in the jet, where turbulent plasma crosses a standing shock., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 648, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746

Published
2021

14. The Central 300 pc of the Galaxy Probed by Infrared Spectra of H3 + and CO. III. Locations of Sgr B2 and Star Iota

Author

TAKESHI OKA and Thomas R Geballe

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Using a simple relation between the radial expansion velocity of diffuse gas in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy and its distance from Sgr A$^\ast$ we estimate the physical depths within the CMZ of Star $\iota$ (2MASS $J$17470898-2829561) and two Sgr B2 far-infrared continuum sources with respect to the location of Sgr A$^\ast$. To do this we use velocity profiles of mid-infrared absorption lines of H$_3^+$ and of far-infrared absorption lines of H$_2$O$^+$, OH$^+$, and $^{13}$CH$^+$. The distances to Star $\iota$ and to the Sgr B2 sources are found to be $\sim$90 pc greater than the distance to Sgr A$^\ast$. Our conclusion that Sgr B2 lies toward the rear of the CMZ is contrary to many previous models in which it has been placed shallower than Sgr A$^\ast$., Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by ApJ

Published
2022

15. Increased plasma periostin concentration predicts angiographic vasospasm development in non-severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Author

Hiroki Oinaka, Fumihiro Kawakita, Hideki Nakajima, Yume Suzuki, Mai Nampei, Takeshi Okada, Ryuta Yasuda, Naoki Toma, Hidenori Suzuki, and pSEED Group

Subjects
Periostin, Matricellular protein, Angiographic vasospasm, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

It is unknown whether plasma concentrations of a matricellular protein periostin change in association with the development of angiographic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In 113 patients with aneurysmal SAH of World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grades 1–3 at admission, plasma periostin concentrations were serially measured at days 1–3, 4–6, 7–9 and 10–12 after SAH onset. Measured periostin levels and clinical variables were compared between patients with and without angiographic vasospasm. Periostin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with angiographic vasospasm at days 4–6 and 7–9. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that cutoff plasma periostin values of 54.3 ng/ml at days 4–6 and 58.1 ng/ml at days 7–9 predicted or diagnosed angiographic vasospasm development with a specificity of 66.0 % and a sensitivity of 72.7 %, and a specificity of 75.0 % and a sensitivity of 55.0 %, respectively. Multivariate analyses also revealed that increased plasma periostin concentrations at days 7–9 was independently associated with angiographic vasospasm development. This study showed for the first time that plasma periostin levels were increased in patients with angiographic vasospasm. These findings suggest that plasma periostin can serve as a biomarker and may be a new therapeutic target for angiographic vasospasm after SAH.

Published
2024
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16. Efficacy of intraoperative irrigation with artificial cerebrospinal fluid in chronic subdural hematoma surgery: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Author

Yoshitaka Nagashima, Yoshio Araki, Kazuki Nishida, Shunichiro Kuramitsu, Kenichi Wakabayashi, Shinji Shimato, Takeshi Kinkori, Toshihisa Nishizawa, Takahisa Kano, Toshinori Hasegawa, Atsushi Noda, Kenko Maeda, Yu Yamamoto, Osamu Suzuki, Naoki Koketsu, Takeshi Okada, Masashige Iwasaki, Kiyo Nakabayashi, Shigeru Fujitani, Hideki Maki, Yachiyo Kuwatsuka, Masahiro Nishihori, Takafumi Tanei, Tomohide Nishikawa, Yusuke Nishimura, Ryuta Saito, and Tokai Neurosurgical disorder Research Group CSDH Study investigators

Subjects
Artificial cerebrospinal fluid, Chronic subdural hematoma, Irrigation fluid, Recurrence, Surgical evacuation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background The surgical techniques for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a common neurosurgical condition, have been discussed in a lot of clinical literature. However, the recurrence proportion after CSDH surgery remains high, ranging from 10 to 20%. The standard surgical procedure for CSDH involves a craniostomy to evacuate the hematoma, but irrigating the hematoma cavity during the procedure is debatable. The authors hypothesized that the choice of irrigation fluid might be a key factor affecting the outcomes of surgery. This multicenter randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether intraoperative irrigation using artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACF) followed by the placement of a subdural drain would yield superior results compared to the placement of a subdural drain alone for CSDH. Methods The study will be conducted across 19 neurosurgical departments in Japan. The 1186 eligible patients will be randomly allocated to two groups: irrigation using ACF or not. In either group, a subdural drain is to be placed for at least 12 h postoperatively. Similar to what was done in previous studies, we set the proportion of patients that meet the criteria for ipsilateral reoperation at 7% in the irrigation group and 12% in the non-irrigation group. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who meet the criteria for ipsilateral reoperation within 6 months of surgery (clinical worsening of symptoms and increased hematoma on imaging compared with the postoperative state). The secondary endpoints are the proportion of reoperations within 6 months, the proportion being stratified by preoperative hematoma architecture by computed tomography (CT) scan, neurological symptoms, patient condition, mortality at 6 months, complications associated with surgery, length of hospital stay from surgery to discharge, and time of the surgical procedure. Discussion We present the study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate our hypothesis that intraoperative irrigation with ACF reduces the recurrence proportion after the removal of chronic subdural hematomas compared with no irrigation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov jRCT1041220124. Registered on January 13, 2023.

Published
2024
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17. Rotatable sphincterotome as a rescue device for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography cannulation: a single-center experience

Author

Takeshi Okamoto, Takashi Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Takafumi Mie, Chinatsu Mori, Takaaki Furukawa, Yuto Yamada, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Masato Matsuyama, Masato Ozaka, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
bile ducts, endoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, equipment and supplies, Internal medicine, RC31-1245, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background/Aims Selective bile duct or pancreatic duct cannulation remains a significant initial hurdle in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) despite advances in endoscopy and accessories. This study evaluated our experience with a rotatable sphincterotome in cases of difficult cannulation. Methods We retrospectively reviewed ERCP cases using TRUEtome, a rotatable sphincterotome, as a rescue device for cannulation at a cancer institute in Japan from October 2014 to December 2021. Results TRUEtome was used in 88 patients. Duodenoscopes were used for 51 patients, while single-balloon enteroscopes (SBE) were used for 37 patients. TRUEtome was used for biliary and pancreatic duct cannulation (84.1%), intrahepatic bile duct selection (12.5%), and strictures of the afferent limb (3.4%). Cannulation success rates were similar in the duodenoscope and SBE groups (86.3% vs. 75.7%, p=0.213). TRUEtome was more commonly used in cases with steep cannulation angles in the duodenoscope group and in cases requiring cannulation in different directions in the SBE group. There were no significant differences in adverse events between the two groups. Conclusions The cannulation sphincterotome was useful for difficult cannulations in both unaltered and surgically altered anatomies. It may be an option to consider before high-risk procedures such as precut and endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous techniques.

Published
2024
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19. Testing two-component models on very high-energy gamma-ray-emitting BL Lac objects

Author

Razmik Mirzoyan, D. Ninci, Susumu Inoue, Dorota Sobczyńska, V. Verguilov, Chiara Righi, J. van Scherpenberg, I. Šnidarić, John Hoang, Y. Chai, Stefano Covino, A. Babić, F. Di Pierro, D. Strom, Jose Luis Contreras, Petar Temnikov, Elisa Bernardini, C. Arcaro, Y. Iwamura, Ž. Bošnjak, Juan Cortina, Andrei Berdyugin, Bernd Schleicher, L. Jouvin, M. Makariev, Massimo Persic, P. Peñil, Markus Garczarczyk, Antonio Stamerra, J. Becerra González, F. de Palma, A. Arbet Engels, F. Leone, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, L. Nogués, Juan Abel Barrio, Sebastian Kiehlmann, A. Rugliancich, Marina Manganaro, S. Ansoldi, J. Rico, Anthony C. S. Readhead, M. Palatiello, H. Kubo, M. Karjalainen, Vitaly Neustroev, Laura Maraschi, Pawel Gliwny, Tomohiro Inada, N. Godinović, Giacomo Bonnoli, L. Bellizzi, Narek Sahakyan, M. Vazquez Acosta, Nicola Giglietto, P. G. Prada Moroni, K. Mannheim, M. Takahashi, Luca Tosti, S. Loporchio, D. Dominis Prester, Miguel Nievas-rosillo, Francesco Giordano, U. Barres de Almeida, C. Nigro, Valerio D'Elia, J. Otero-Santos, M. I. Martínez, Francesco Dazzi, Simone Mender, Alessia Spolon, G. Maneva, D. Hadasch, Elina Lindfors, Konstancja Satalecka, Luca Foffano, R. J. García López, Jenni Jormanainen, Michele Doro, A. Hahn, Takeshi Oka, Rumen Bachev, Kyoshi Nishijima, Daniel Mazin, A. Berti, A. Donini, B. Banerjee, T. Schweizer, Kari Nilsson, K. Noda, Armin Nabizadeh, G. Busetto, Shunsuke Sakurai, Daniel Kerszberg, M. Will, S. Gasparyan, A. Lamastra, M. Delfino, P. Munar-Adrover, A. López-Oramas, V. Fallah Ramazani, Carlo Vigorito, L. Saha, M. Mariotti, Walter Max-Moerbeck, N. Torres-Albà, Sarah M. Wagner, David Paneque, A. Biland, F. D' Ammando, Anton Strigachev, J. Besenrieder, M. Hütten, I. Vovk, C. Maggio, Arto Oksanen, L. Pavletić, D. Elsaesser, Matteo Cerruti, S. Fukami, Christian Fruck, U. Colin, David A. Green, D. Lelas, Kazuma Ishio, V. A. Acciari, W. Bhattacharyya, Yosuke Kobayashi, A. Fattorini, R. Reinthal, D. Zarić, Seiya Nozaki, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, Tomislav Terzić, Y. Kajiwara, Julian Sitarek, A. De Angelis, D. Miceli, M. V. Fonseca, W. Rhode, Francesco Longo, S. Lombardi, B. De Lotto, Roberto Carosi, Elisa Prandini, Sofia Ventura, D. Morcuende, N. Talebpour Sheshvan, W. Bednarek, Saša Mićanović, M. Minev, Riccardo Paoletti, M. Teshima, S. M. Colak, Markus Gaug, M. Peresano, Yoshiki Ohtani, Jordi Delgado, J. Kushida, P. Kehusmaa, Oscar Blanch, Ashot Chilingarian, D. Dorner, L. A. Antonelli, L. O. Takalo, V. Moreno, Giacomo D'Amico, S. Cikota, Kevin Schmidt, Y. Suda, Talvikki Hovatta, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Rodrigo Reeves, Eduardo Colombo, Ll. Font, M. Hodges, G. Ferrara, Dario Hrupec, M. A. Lopez, G. Ceribella, J. M. Paredes, Ciro Bigongiari, M. Mallamaci, R. López-Coto, Abelardo Moralejo, E. Moretti, D. Depaoli, Edgar Molina, G. Vanzo, T. Saito, P. Majumdar, Jose Carlos Herrera, F. Wierda, M. Strzys, L. Di Venere, Vincenzo Vitale, Dominik Baack, Jose Miguel Miranda, Tjark Miener, T. Surić, P. Da Vela, M. Ribó, I. Puljak, Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Arbet Engels, A., Baack, D., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bosnjak, A., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colin, U., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Amico, G., D'Elia, V., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Depaoli, D., Di Pierro, F., Di Venere, L., Do Souto Espineira, E., Dominis Prester, D., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Garcia Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hutten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Karjalainen, M., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez, M., Lopez-Coto, R., Lopez-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., MacHado De Oliveira Fraga, B., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Mender, S., Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Munar-Adrover, P., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletic, L., Penil, P., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suric, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Alba, N., Tosti, L., Van Scherpenberg, J., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Zaric, D., Nievas-Rosillo, M., Arcaro, C., D' Ammando, F., De Palma, F., Hodges, M., Hovatta, T., Kiehlmann, S., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. S., Reeves, R., Takalo, L., Reinthal, R., Jormanainen, J., Wierda, F., Wagner, S. M., Berdyugin, A., Nabizadeh, A., Talebpour Sheshvan, N., Oksanen, A., Bachev, R., Strigachev, A., Kehusmaa, P., 30588766 - Arcaro, Cornelia, Academy of Finland, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Swiss National Science Foundation, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
galaxies [Gamma rays], Astronomical databases: miscellaneous, BL Lacertae objects: general, Galaxies: Active, Galaxies: jets, Gamma rays: galaxies, Radiation mechanisms: non-Thermal, SHEATH POLARIZATION STRUCTURES, Astrophysics, Parameter space, galaxies: active, galaxies: jets, astronomical databases: miscellaneous, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, gamma rays: galaxies, 01 natural sciences, jet [Galaxies], non-Thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, LACERTAE OBJECTS, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, TEV BLAZARS, CROSS-CORRELATIONS, galaxie [Gamma rays], 1ES 1959+650, Gamma ray, Active [Galaxies], miscellaneous [Astronomical databases], Spectral energy distribution, Física nuclear, RELATIVISTIC JETS, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, 0103 physical sciences, Very-long-baseline interferometry, Blazar, MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, general [BL Lacertae objects], ComputingMilieux_PERSONALCOMPUTING, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Space and Planetary Science, X-RAY, ddc:520, jets [Galaxies], miscellaneou [Astronomical databases], COMPLETE SAMPLE, Free parameter
Abstract

MAGIC Collaboration: et al., [Context]: It has become evident that one-zone synchrotron self-Compton models are not always adequate for very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray-emitting blazars. While two-component models perform better, they are difficult to constrain due to the large number of free parameters., [Aims]: In this work, we make a first attempt at taking into account the observational constraints from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data, long-term light curves (radio, optical, and X-rays), and optical polarisation to limit the parameter space for a two-component model and test whether or not it can still reproduce the observed spectral energy distribution (SED) of the blazars., [Methods]: We selected five TeV BL Lac objects based on the availability of VHE gamma-ray and optical polarisation data. We collected constraints for the jet parameters from VLBI observations. We evaluated the contributions of the two components to the optical flux by means of decomposition of long-term radio and optical light curves as well as modelling of the optical polarisation variability of the objects. We selected eight epochs for these five objects based on the variability observed at VHE gamma rays, for which we constructed the SEDs that we then modelled with a two-component model., [Results]: We found parameter sets which can reproduce the broadband SED of the sources in the framework of two-component models considering all available observational constraints from VLBI observations. Moreover, the constraints obtained from the long-term behaviour of the sources in the lower energy bands could be used to determine the region where the emission in each band originates. Finally, we attempt to use optical polarisation data to shed new light on the behaviour of the two components in the optical band. Our observationally constrained two-component model allows explanation of the entire SED from radio to VHE with two co-located emission regions., VFR and EL were supported by Academy of Finland projects 317636 and 320045. We would like to thank the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. The financial support of the German BMBF and MPG; the Italian INFN and INAF; the Swiss National Fund SNF; the ERDF under the Spanish MINECO (FPA2017-87859-P, FPA2017-85668-P, FPA2017-82729-C6-2-R, FPA2017-82729-C6-6-R, FPA2017-82729-C6-5-R, AYA2015-71042-P, AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P, ESP2017-87055-C2-2-P, FPA2017-90566-REDC); the Indian Department of Atomic Energy; the Japanese ICRR, the University of Tokyo, JSPS, and MEXT; the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project DO1-268/16.12.2019 and the Academy of Finland grant nr. 320045 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Spanish Centro de Excelencia “Severo Ochoa” SEV-2016-0588 and SEV2015-0548, the Unidad de Excelencia “María de Maeztu” MDM-2014-0369 and the “la Caixa” Foundation (fellowship LCF/BQ/PI18/11630012), by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project IP-2016-06-9782 and the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, the Polish National Research Centre grant UMO2016/22/M/ST9/00382 and by the Brazilian MCTIC, CNPq and FAPERJ.

Published
2020

21. Impact of preoperative self‐expandable metal stent on benign hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture after pancreaticoduodenectomy

Author

Takafumi Mie, Takashi Sasaki, Kosuke Kobayashi, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Takeshi Okamoto, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Yosuke Inoue, Yu Takahashi, Akio Saiura, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
pancreaticoduodenectomy, hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture, balloon‐assisted enteroscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, self‐expandable metal stent, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Objectives Hepaticojejunostomy anastomotic stricture (HJAS) is a serious adverse event of pancreaticoduodenectomy. Preoperative biliary drainage with a self‐expandable metal stent (SEMS) is often performed before pancreaticoduodenectomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risk factors and impact of preoperative SEMS placement on developing benign HJAS after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy at our institution between July 2014 and June 2020. Risk factors for benign HJAS were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. We also compared outcomes of preoperative biliary drainage using SEMS and non‐SEMS. Results Of the 626 included patients, benign HJAS occurred in 36 patients (5.8%). The median follow‐up time was 36.7 months (interquartile range, 25.4–57.4 months). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lack of preoperative biliary drainage, preoperative bile duct diameter

Published
2024
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22. Outcomes of 6‐mm diameter fully covered self‐expandable metal stents for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer

Author

Hiroki Nakagawa, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Takeshi Okamoto, Takafumi Mie, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Takashi Sasaki, Masato Ozaka, Takahisa Matsuda, Yoshinori Igarashi, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
distal malignant biliary obstruction, neoadjuvant therapy, pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, preoperative biliary drainage, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract Background 10‐mm self‐expandable metal stents (SEMSs) are commonly used for preoperative biliary drainage in pancreatic cancer. However, smaller diameter SEMSs have attracted attention with the attempt to reduce stent‐related adverse events (AEs). Methods We retrospectively analyzed consecutive borderline resectable pancreatic cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and fully covered SEMS (FCSEMS) placement from April 2015 to May 2023. The primary outcome was stent‐related non‐event rate (NER), which was defined as the rate of completion of surgery without developing any preoperative events (recurrent biliary obstruction [RBO] or stent‐related AEs). Secondary outcomes included stent‐related AEs, causes of RBO, and cumulative incidence of RBO. Risk factors for pancreatitis, RBO, and stent migration were also examined. Results A total of 76 patients were included (6‐mm group: 23; 10‐mm group: 53). Stent‐related NER (57% vs. 64%, p = 0.610), stent‐related AEs (4% vs. 15%, p = 0.263), overall RBO rates (39% vs. 23%, p = 0.168), cumulative incidence of RBO (hazard ratio, 2.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.95–5.25; p = 0.065) were not significantly different between the two groups. Tumor involvement of the pancreatic duct was identified as a risk‐reducing factor for pancreatitis, while an FCSEMS diameter of 6 mm was not identified as a risk factor for RBO and stent migration. Conclusions Stent‐related NER was not significantly affected by FCSEMS diameter. Further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of 6‐mm diameter FCSEMS for preoperative biliary drainage in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Published
2024
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23. Ruptured cystic artery pseudoaneurysm after self‐expandable metal stent placement for malignant biliary obstruction

Author

Takafumi Mie, Takashi Sasaki, Kiyoshi Matsueda, Takeshi Okamoto, Tatsuki Hirai, Takahiro Ishitsuka, Manabu Yamada, Hiroki Nakagawa, Takaaki Furukawa, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Masato Ozaka, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, hemobilia, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopy, transcatheter arterial embolization, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Abstract We report a case of ruptured cystic artery pseudoaneurysm after self‐expandable metal stent placement for malignant biliary obstruction. A 78‐year‐old woman on palliative care after chemotherapy for unresectable pancreatic head cancer presented with obstructive jaundice. Imaging revealed a dilated common bile duct and an enlarged gallbladder with cystic wall thickening. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed and a fully‐covered self‐expandable metal stent was placed in the bile duct, leading to resolution of jaundice. She presented with hematochezia 7 days later. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography revealed a cystic artery pseudoaneurysm with extravasation of contrast into a blood‐filled gallbladder. Hemostasis was achieved after emergent transcatheter arterial embolization. Rupture of cystic artery pseudoaneurysm should be raised as a differential diagnosis for hemobilia after self‐expandable metal stent placement, particularly in cases accompanied by inflamed gallbladders.

Published
2024
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24. The Central 300 pc of the Galaxy probed by infrared spectra of H$_3^+$ and CO: part I. Predominance of warm and diffuse gas and high H$_2$ ionization rate

Author

Nick Indriolo, Takeshi Oka, Tomonori Usuda, J. McCall, T. R. Geballe, Benjamin, and Miwa Goto

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Astrochemistry, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Photoionization, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Spectral line, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The molecular gas in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy has been studied using infrared absorption spectra of H$_3^+$ lines at 3.5-4.0 $\mu$m and CO lines near 2.34 $\mu$m. In addition to the previously reported spectra of these lines toward 8 stars located within 30 pc of Sgr A$^\ast$, there are now spectra toward $\sim$30 bright stars located from 140 pc west to 120 pc east of Sgr A$^\ast$. The spectra show the presence of warm ($T\sim 200$ K) and diffuse ($n < 100 $cm$^{-3}$) gas with $N$(H$_3^+$) $\sim 3 \times 10^{15} $cm$^{-2}$ on majority of sightlines. Instead of our previous analysis in which only electrons from photoionization of carbon atoms were considered, we have developed a simple model calculation in which the cosmic ray ionization of H$_2$ and H are also taken into account. We conclude: (1) Warm and diffuse gas dominates the volume of the CMZ. The volume filling factor of dense gas must be much less than 0.1 and the CMZ is not as opaque as previously considered. The X-ray emitting ultra-hot 10$^8 $K plasma, which some thought to dominate the CMZ, does not exist over extended regions. (2) The cosmic ray ionization rate is $\zeta \sim 2 \times 10^{-14} $s$^{-1}$, higher than in Galactic dense clouds and diffuse clouds by factors of $\sim$1000 and $\sim$100, respectively. If the equipartition law stands, this suggests a pervading magnetic field on the order of $\sim$100 $\mu$G., Comment: 39 pages, 7 tables, 10 figures, published at the ApJ

Published
2019

25. H

Author

Takeshi, Oka

Abstract

The reason why [Formula: see text] is an ideal probe for in situ measurement of cosmic ray energy density in the Galaxy is discussed. The variation of measured values of cosmic ray ionization rate ζ of H

Published
2019

27. H3+ IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE

Author

Yu-Shan M. Chen and Takeshi Oka

Subjects
Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomy, Universe, media_common
Published
2019

28. Background Infrared Sources for Studying the Galactic Center's Interstellar Gas

Author

S. C. C. Yeh, T. R. Geballe, E. Lambrides, B. Schlegelmilch, Miwa Goto, Calvin Westrick, Takeshi Oka, and Francisco Najarro

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Stellar classification, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Spitzer Space Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Galactic Center, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Stars, Photometry (astronomy), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We briefy describe the results of a K-band spectroscopic survey of over 500 highly reddened point-like objects on sightlines toward the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy. The goal was to find stars with featureless or nearly featureless spectra suitable for near- and mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy of the Galactic center's interstellar gas on sightlines spread across the CMZ. Until recently only a few such stars have been known outside of very localized sightlines in the vicinity of the Quintuplet and Central clusters. We have used Spitzer Space Telescope (GLIMPSE) and 2MASS photometry to select promising candidates, and over the last ten years have been acquiring low-resolution K-band spectra of them. As expected, the vast majority are cool and/or highly reddened red giants with complex photospheric spectra unsuitable for measuring faint interstellar lines. Approximately ten percent of them, whose observations are reported here, have featureless or nearly featureless spectra. Although not evenly distributed in Galactic longitude, these stars are scattered across the CMZ. Many of them are luminous stars that are deeply embedded in warm dust cocoons, and have K-band continua rising steeply to longer wavelengths. A significant fraction of them are hot stars of a variety of spectral types, including at least five newly discovered Wolf-Rayet stars. All of them should be suitable for spectroscopy of interstellar absorption lines at infrared wavelengths greater than 3 microns and many are also suitable at shorter wavelengths., 24 pages, 6 figures; ApJ, in press

Published
2019

29. Safety and Effectiveness of Chemotherapy in Elderly Biliary Tract Cancer Patients

Author

Takeshi Okamoto, Tsuyoshi Takeda, Takashi Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Hamada, Takafumi Mie, Takahiro Ishitsuka, Manabu Yamada, Hiroki Nakagawa, Tatsuki Hirai, Takaaki Furukawa, Akiyoshi Kasuga, Masato Ozaka, and Naoki Sasahira

Subjects
age, cholangiocarcinoma, monotherapy, combination chemotherapy, tolerability, gemcitabine, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

The safety and effectiveness of chemotherapy in elderly patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) remain unclear. Therefore, we retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent chemotherapy for locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent BTC at our institution from January 2016 to December 2021. Of the 283 included patients, 91 (32.5%) were aged 75 years or older when initiating chemotherapy. Elderly patients were more likely than non-elderly patients to receive monotherapy with gemcitabine or S-1 (58.7% vs. 9.4%, p < 0.001) and were less likely to experience grade 3–4 toxicities (55.4% vs. 70.2%, p = 0.015). The rates of termination due to intolerance (6.5% vs. 5.8%, p = 0.800) and transition to second-line chemotherapy (39.1% vs. 40.3%, p = 0.849) were similar between groups. In the overall cohort, age was not an independent predictor of overall survival (OS). Within the elderly cohort, there were no differences in severe adverse events between patients receiving monotherapy and combination therapy (50.0% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.211). Median OS was longer in the combination therapy group (10.4 vs. 14.1 months; p = 0.010); however, choice of monotherapy was not an independent predictor of overall survival. Monotherapy appears to be a viable alternative in selected elderly BTC patients.

Published
2023
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30. The Central 300 pc of the Galaxy Probed by Infrared Spectra of H3 + and CO. II. Expansion and Morphology of the Warm Diffuse Gas

Author

T. R. Geballe and Takeshi Oka

Subjects
Physics, Accretion (meteorology), Star formation, Interstellar cloud, Galactic Center, Center (category theory), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

Velocity profiles of a line of H$_3^+$ at 3.7 $\mu$m produced in warm diffuse gas have been observed toward 18 stars in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy. Their longitude-velocity diagram indicates that the gas is radially expanding within the CMZ at speeds up to a maximum of $\sim$150 km s$^{-1}$. The current momentum and energy in the gas are $\sim 5 \times 10^8 M_\odot$ km s$^{-1}$ and $\sim 5\times 10^{53}$ erg. The motion is similar to that of the Expanding Molecular Ring (EMR) discovered in 1972 by Kaifu et al. and by Scoville. We propose that the expanding gas seen in H$_3^+$ is part of the same phenomenon, in spite of differences in estimates of density, morphology, and degree of rotation. The outward motion suggests that one or more ejection events occurred near the center of the CMZ (0.5$-$1) $\times$ 10$^6$ years ago, which may be related to creation of the recently observed microwave bubble. These observations revive the circular face-on view of the CMZ proposed in 1972, which fell out of favor after 1991 when Binney et al. proposed that a face-on view of the CMZ would show it to have an elliptical shape, with high eccentricity. While that model may apply on kiloparsec scales, we argue that it is incorrect to apply it to the much smaller CMZ. We discuss the fate of the expanding gas, which appears to be eventual infall into the center, leading to episodes of star formation and violent events associated with accretion onto Sgr~A$^\ast$., Comment: 21 pages incl. 12 figures and 1 table; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Minor typos corrected in this version

Published
2020

31. Unraveling the Complex Behavior of Mrk 421 with Simultaneous X-Ray and VHE Observations during an Extreme Flaring Activity in 2013 April

Author

Simonetta Puccetti, D. Dominis Prester, M. Makariev, Alice Donini, Sofia O. Kurtanidze, G. Bonnoli, Julian Sitarek, D. Dorner, Yoshiki Ohtani, J. Becerra González, S. Ventura, S. Ansoldi, L. Nogués, J. Besenrieder, A. Rugliancich, P. Munar-Adrover, Jose Luis Contreras, B. Jordan, I. Puljak, Pawel Gliwny, L. V. Larionova, L. Di Venere, Sunay Ibryamov, Abelardo Moralejo, M. I. Martínez, B. De Lotto, Juan Cortina, A. A. Mokrushina, E. Moretti, Kaya Mori, Maria Petropoulou, Elena G. Larionova, J. Rico, Juan Abel Barrio, Narek Sahakyan, A. Fattorini, C. Fruck, F. Del Puppo, F. Verrecchia, Victoria Moreno, Chiara Righi, M. V. Fonseca, Elina Lindfors, Justin D. Finke, D. A. Morozova, V. D'Elia, A. López-Oramas, M. G. Nikolashvili, John Hoang, Susumu Inoue, L. Maraschi, R. Paoletti, R. Reinthal, A. Strigachev, Saverio Lombardi, T. Schweizer, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, Tomislav Terzić, Ferdinando Giordano, Fabrizio Tavecchio, C. Nigro, B. Banerjee, Bernd Schleicher, A. Hahn, R. G. Chanishvili, Francesco Longo, M. Will, Shunsuke Sakurai, Ll. Font, Takeshi Oka, Davide Depaoli, Alan P. Marscher, L. Saha, D. Elsaesser, Antonio Stamerra, R. Carosi, G. Ceribella, Joni Tammi, V. Fallah Ramazani, D. Lelas, T. Guever, M. Teshima, J. M. Paredes, Dorota Sobczyńska, Zeljka Bosnjak, Chakali Eswaraiah, A. C. R. Readhead, G. Busetto, Jorge Otero-Santos, Mislav Baloković, J. L. Richards, R. A. Chigladze, Y. Chai, J. Kushida, Seiya Nozaki, Kari Nilsson, U. Barres de Almeida, L. Foffano, Ciro Bigongiari, Saša Mićanović, V. Vitale, Wen Ping Chen, P. Temnikov, T. Saito, Andrei Berdyugin, David H. Green, D. Strom, F. Di Pierro, E. N. Kopatskaya, Stefano Covino, D. Miceli, S. Gasparyan, D. Blinov, G. Maneva, E. Molina, S. G. Jorstad, T. Surić, M. Mariotti, I. Šnidarić, Satoshi Fukami, H. Kubo, M. Vazquez Acosta, R. López-Coto, Kazuma Ishio, Y. Iwamura, M. Gaug, A. Lamastra, A. C. Sadun, J. Herrera, G. Vanzo, Oscar Blanch, T. S. Grishina, Walter Max-Moerbeck, Anne Lähteenmäki, S. M. Colak, Valeri M. Larionov, C. M. Raiteri, C. Maggio, O. M. Kurtanidze, S. Cikota, D. Ninci, G. Ferrara, A. De Angelis, Rumen Bachev, Yu. V. Troitskaya, M. Minev, Georgi Latev, Elisa Bernardini, Other groups, L. Pavletić, Elisa Prandini, Goran Damljanović, Evgeni Semkov, M. Delfino, Wolfgang Rhode, Yusuke Suda, Massimo Persic, Carlo Vigorito, A. Berti, Paul S. Smith, K. Noda, Dario Hrupec, C. Leto, Victor A. Acciari, K. Nishijima, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, Mitsunari Takahashi, P. Peñil, L. Bellizzi, Serena Loporchio, Jose Miguel Miranda, N. Godinović, M. Strzys, Ashot Chilingarian, N. Giglietto, U. Colin, W. Bednarek, Simone Mender, Moritz Hütten, W. Bhattacharyya, I. Agudo, R. Mirzoyan, Louis Antonelli, Dominik Baack, P. Majumdar, G. M. Madejski, A. Arbet Engels, Vitaly Neustroev, J. W. Moody, Luca Tosti, M. Villata, D. Morcuende, N. Torres-Albà, I. Vovk, Jordi Delgado, H. C. Lin, Kevin Schmidt, Talvikki Hovatta, D. Hadasch, M. Palatiello, Y. Kajiwara, Francesco Dazzi, M. Mallamaci, O. Vince, M. Peresano, Yosuke Kobayashi, P. Da Vela, F. D'Ammando, K. Mannheim, R. J. García López, Ivan S. Troitsky, Tjark Miener, David Paneque, A. Biland, Marina Manganaro, P. G. Prada Moroni, Merja Tornikoski, Matteo Cerruti, M. López, Konstancja Satalecka, D. Mazin, Michele Doro, J. Barnes, F. Leone, M. Ribó, J. van Scherpenberg, A. Babić, Alessia Spolon, Léa Jouvin, Manasvita Joshi, Vassil Verguilov, Daniel Kerszberg, V. Ramakrishnan, D. Zarić, Tomohiro Inada, E. Colombo, M. Perri, M. Garczarczyk, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Swiss National Science Foundation, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Department of Atomic Energy (India), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Ministry of Education, Youth and Science (Bulgaria), Academy of Finland, Croatian Science Foundation, University of Rijeka, German Research Foundation, National Centre for Research and Development (Poland), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Russian Science Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation, Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (Chile), Metsähovi Radio Observatory, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Magic, Collaboration, Other Groups And, Collaborator, Acciari, V. A., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Engels, A. A., Baack, D., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., De Almeida, U. B., Barrio, J. A., Gonzalez, J. B., Bednarek, W., Bellizzi, L. K., Bernardini, E., Berti, A., Besenrieder, J., Bhattacharyya, W., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Bosnjak, Z., Busetto, G., Carosi, R., Ceribella, G., Cerruti, M., Chai, Y., Chilingarian, A., Cikota, S., Colak, S. M., Colin, U., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., D'Elia, V., Vela, P. D., Dazzi, F., Angelis, A. D., Lotto, B. D., Puppo, F. D., Delfino, M., Delgado, J., Depaoli, D., Pierro, F. D., Venere, L. D., Souto Espiñeira, E. D., Prester, D. D., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ramazani, V. F., Fattorini, A., Ferrara, G., Foffano, L., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Fukami, S., Lopez, R. J. G., Garczarczyk, M., Gasparyan, S., Gaug, M., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Gliwny, P., Godinovic, N., Green, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Herrera, J., Hoang, J., Hrupec, D., Hutten, M., Inada, T., Inoue, S., Ishio, K., Iwamura, Y., Jouvin, L., Kajiwara, Y., Kerszberg, D., Kobayashi, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lamastra, A., Lelas, D., Leone, F., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez, M., Lopez-Coto, R., Lopez-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., De Oliveira Fraga, B. M., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallamaci, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Mender, S., Micanovic, S., Miceli, D., Miener, T., Minev, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Molina, E., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Munar-Adrover, P., Neustroev, V., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Nozaki, S., Ohtani, Y., Oka, T., Otero-Santos, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Pavletic, L., Peñil, P., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Moroni, P. G. P., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saha, L., Sahakyan, N., Saito, T., Sakurai, S., Satalecka, K., Schleicher, B., Schmidt, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spolon, A., Stamerra, A., Strom, D., Strzys, M., Suda, Y., Suric, T., Takahashi, M., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Teshima, M., Torres-Alba, N., Tosti, L., Scherpenberg, J. V., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. V., Ventura, S., Verguilov, V., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vovk, I., Will, M., Zaric, D., Petropoulou, M., Finke, J., D'Ammando, F., Balokovic, M., Madejski, G., Mori, K., Puccetti, S., Leto, C., Perri, M., Verrecchia, F., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Agudo, I., Bachev, R., Berdyugin, A., Blinov, D. A., Chanishvili, R., Chen, W. P., Chigladze, R., Damljanovic, G., Eswaraiah, C., Grishina, T. S., Ibryamov, S., Jordan, B., Jorstad, S. G., Joshi, M., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Larionov, V. M., Latev, G., Lin, H. C., Marscher, A. P., Mokrushina, A. A., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Smith, P. S., Strigachev, A., Troitskaya, Y. V., Troitsky, I. S., Vince, O., Barnes, J., Guver, T., Moody, J. W., Sadun, A. C., Hovatta, T., Richards, J. L., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. S., Lahteenmaki, A., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Ramakrishnan, V., and Reinthal, R.

Subjects
Individual sources Mrk 421, Flux, Astrophysics, Blazar, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov observations, Gamma-ray, Active galaxie, Relativistic jet, MAGIC (telescope), BL lacertae objects, BL Lacertae objects, Blazars, Active galaxies, Markarian galaxies, Gamma-ray detectors, Gamma-rays, Relativistic jets, High energy astrophysics, Observational astronomy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Gamma ray, X-ray, Markarian galaxie, Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Individual sources Mrk 421, Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov observations, MAGIC, BL Lacertae objects, Blazars, Active galaxies, Markarian galaxies, Gamma-ray detectors, Gamma-rays, Relativistic jets, High energy astrophysics, Observational astronomy, Plasmoid, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, BL Lacertae object, High energy astrophysic, 0103 physical sciences, Gamma-ray detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Light curve, MAGIC, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report on a multiband variability and correlation study of the TeV blazar Mrk 421 during an exceptional flaring activity observed from 2013 April 11 to 19. The study uses, among others, data from GLAST-AGILE Support Program (GASP) of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT), Swift, Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), Fermi Large Area Telescope, Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), and Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC). The large blazar activity and the 43 hr of simultaneous NuSTAR and MAGIC/VERITAS observations permitted variability studies on 15 minute time bins over three X-ray bands (3-7 keV, 7-30 keV, and 30-80 keV) and three very-high-energy (VHE; >0.1 TeV) gamma-ray bands (0.2-0.4 TeV, 0.4-0.8 TeV, and >0.8 TeV). We detected substantial flux variations on multi-hour and sub-hour timescales in all of the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray bands. The characteristics of the sub-hour flux variations are essentially energy independent, while the multi-hour flux variations can have a strong dependence on the energy of the X-rays and the VHE gamma-rays. The three VHE bands and the three X-ray bands are positively correlated with no time lag, but the strength and characteristics of the correlation change substantially over time and across energy bands. Our findings favor multi-zone scenarios for explaining the achromatic/chromatic variability of the fast/slow components of the light curves, as well as the changes in the flux-flux correlation on day-long timescales. We interpret these results within a magnetic reconnection scenario, where the multi-hour flux variations are dominated by the combined emission from various plasmoids of different sizes and velocities, while the sub-hour flux variations are dominated by the emission from a single small plasmoid moving across the magnetic reconnection layer. © 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved., The financial support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN and INAF, the Swiss National Fund SNF, the ERDF under the Spanish MINECO (FPA2017-87859-P, FPA2017-85668-P, FPA2017-82729-C6-2-R, FPA2017-827 29-C6-6-R, FPA2017-82729-C6-5-R, AYA2015-71042-P, AYA2016-76012-C3-1-P, ESP2017-87055-C2-2-P, and FPA 201790566REDC), the Indian Department of Atomic Energy, the Japanese JSPS and MEXT, the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project DO-1153/28.08.2018 and the Academy of Finland grant No. 320045 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Spanish Centro de Excelencia "Severo Ochoa" SEV-20160588 and SEV-2015-0548, and Unidad de Excelencia "Maria de Maeztu" MDM-2014-0369, by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project IP-2016-06-9782 and the University of Rijeka Project 13.12.1.3.02, by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, the Polish National Research Centre grant UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00382, and by the Brazilian MCTIC, CNPq and FAPERJ. The Fermi-LAT.Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K..A..Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales in France. This work made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC; Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). D.P. and A.B. are grateful to Amy Furniss and Wystan Benbow for providing the VERITAS VHE gamma-ray fluxes and for useful discussions about them. M.P. acknowledges support from the Lyman Jr. Spitzer Postdoctoral Fellowship and NASA Fermi grant No. 80NSSC18K1745., and J.F. is partially supported by NASA under contract S-15633Y. M.B. acknowledges support from NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program (grant NNX14AQ07H) and the black hole Initiative at Harvard University, which is funded in part by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (grant GBMF8273) and in part by the John Templeton Foundation. This research was partially supported by the Bulgarian National Science Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science under grants DN 18-13/2017, DN 18-10/2017, KP06-H28/3 (2018), and KP-06-PN38/1 (2019), as well as for the Spanish MIMECO (AYA2016-80889-P, RYC-2013-14511) and the IAA-CSIC "Severo Ochoa" program SEV2017-0709. The St. Petersburg University team acknowledges support from Russian Science Foundation grant 17-12-01029. The Abastumani team acknowledges financial support of the project FR/638/6-320/12 by the Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation under contract 31/77. T.G. acknowledges support from Istanbul University (Project numbers 49429 and 48285), Bilim Akademisi (BAGEP program), and TUBITAK (project numbers 13AT100-431, 13AT100-466, and 13AT60-430). The Boston University effort was supported in part by NASA grants NNX12AO90G and NNX14AQ58G. Data from the Steward Observatory spectropolarimetric monitoring project were used in this paper. This program is supported by Fermi Guest Investigator grants NNX08AW56G, NNX09 AU10G, NNX12AO93G, and NNX15AU81G. The OVRO 40 m monitoring program is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland to our observing projects (numbers 212656, 210338, 121148, and others). W.M. acknowledges support from CONICYT project Basal AFB-170002.

Published
2020

35. Play Activities Are Associated with Force Regulation in Primary School

Author

Kyota Koitabashi, An Murase, Jun Yasuda, and Takeshi Okamoto

Subjects
controlled force exertion, play activity, exercise, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

The daily exercise habits and play activities of children are known to have a significant impact on the development of body control. However, previous studies have not adequately explored the correlation between force regulation during submaximal visual effort, exercise, and play experience. This study aimed to examine the correlation between exercise habits and play experience and their impact on the ability to regulate force. This study involved 23 children with an average age of 9.2 ± 1.0 years. The participants were required to match their force exertion during submaximal effort to a varying demand value displayed in a sinusoidal pattern on a screen (controlled force exertion, CFE). Individual interviews were conducted to gather information on the exercise experience (time, frequency, and duration) and play activities (number of experiences and frequency). Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the association among exercise experience, play activity, and CFE. The results indicated that the amount of exercise experience was not significantly associated with CFE (β = −0.203, p = 0.254). However, in terms of play activities, the number of play experiences was associated with CFE (β = −0.321, p = 0.038). On the contrary, play frequency was not significantly associated with CFE (β = −0.219, p = 0.191). These findings suggest that play activities are effective in improving force regulation during childhood and that a greater variety of play experiences may be important.

Published
2024
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36. How to effectively overcome fixation: a systematic review of fixation and defixation studies on the basis of fixation source and problem type

Author

Shijun Wang, Takeshi Okada, and Kikuko Takagi

Subjects
fixation, creativity, overcoming fixation, fixation source, problem type, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract

As a cognitive state that impedes idea generation, fixation has been well studied across various domains in relation to the cultivation of creativity. With the aim of contributing to the development of an effective approach to overcoming fixation in order to enhance creativity, a systematic review is conducted of 53 experimental studies concerning the source of fixation and the problem type, which are two critical factors influencing the effectiveness of defixation approaches. Based on the results, it is indicated that an enhancement of the search beyond the frame, constructed by either information that is externally provided or memory that is internally activated by information about the problem, is essential in overcoming fixation. Further, the elimination of fixation leads to an increase in solution rates of closed-ended problems. However, in open-ended problem solving, defixation does not necessarily lead to an improvement in the performance of problem solving, and an advancement can still be achieved by enhancing the search within the constructed frame even when there is no search beyond the frame. Accordingly, an examination of both beyond-frame searches and within-frame searches is essential for an effective defixation approach to enhance creativity in open-ended problem solving.

Published
2023
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37. Molecular insights of a CBP/β-catenin-signaling inhibitor on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-induced liver fibrosis and disorder

Author

Kenzaburo Yamaji, Sadahiro Iwabuchi, Yuko Tokunaga, Shinichi Hashimoto, Daisuke Yamane, Sakiko Toyama, Risa Kono, Bouchra Kitab, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara, Yosuke Osawa, Yukiko Hayashi, Tsunekazu Hishima, Chise Tateno, Kiminori Kimura, Takeshi Okanoue, and Michinori Kohara

Subjects
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH, CBP/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, PRI-724, Liver fibrosis, Improved liver fibrosis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive fibrotic disease associated with an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma; at present, no efficient therapeutic strategy has been established. Herein, we examined the efficacy of PRI-724, a potent inhibitor of CBP/β-catenin signaling, for treating NASH-related liver fibrosis and disorder and characterized its mechanism.Choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD)-fed mice exhibited NASH-induced liver fibrosis that is characterized by steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocellular injury and collagen fibrils. To examine the therapeutic effect, CDAHFD-fed mice were administered PRI-724.Serum levels of ALT and pro-fibrotic molecule, i.e. Mac-2 bp, alpha smooth muscle actin, type I and type III collagens, decreased significantly. mRNA levels of the matrix metalloproteinases Mmp8 and Mmp9 in the liver were significantly increased, and increases in the abundance of MMP9-producing neutrophils and macrophages were observed. Marco+Mmp9+Cd68+ Kupffer cells were only observed in the livers of mice treated with PRI-724, and Mmp9 expression in Marco+Cd68+ Kupffer cells increased 4.3-fold. Moreover, hepatic expression of the lipid metabolism regulator, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and liver lipid droplets also decreased significantly.PRI-724-treated NASH mice not only recovered from NASH-related liver fibrosis through the effect of PRI-724 down-regulating the expression of pro-fibrotic genes and up-regulating the expression of anti-fibrotic genes, but they also recovered from NASH-induced liver disorder. PRI-724, a selective CBP/β-catenin inhibitor, thus shows a potent therapeutic effect for NASH-related liver fibrosis and for decreasing adipose tissue in the liver.

Published
2023
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39. Validation of Noninvasive Markers for HCC Risk Stratification in 1389 Patients With Biopsy-proven NAFLD

Author

Hidenori Toyoda, Hideki Fujii, Michihiro Iwaki, Hideki Hayashi, Satoshi Oeda, Hideyuki Hyogo, Miwa Kawanaka, Asahiro Morishita, Kensuke Munekage, Kazuhito Kawata, Sakura Yamamura, Koji Sawada, Tatsuji Maeshiro, Hiroshi Tobita, Yuichi Yoshida, Masafumi Naito, Asuka Araki, Shingo Arakaki, Takumi Kawaguchi, Hidenao Noritake, Masafumi Ono, Tsutomu Masaki, Satoshi Yasuda, Eiichi Tomita, Masato Yoneda, Norifumi Kawada, Akihiro Tokushige, Yoshihiro Kamada, Hirokazu Takahashi, Shinichiro Ueda, Shinichi Aishima, Yoshio Sumida, Atsushi Nakajima, and Takeshi Okanoue

Subjects
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, aMAP Score, FIB-4 Index, ALBI Score, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined histological features and reported noninvasive markers/models for stratifying the risk of HCC development in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD or NASH. Methods: A total of 1389 patients who had a histological diagnosis of NAFLD or NASH based on liver biopsy and underwent regular surveillance for HCC were included. The ability to predict HCC development was compared between histological features including liver fibrosis and NAFLD activity score, and noninvasive markers/models including aMAP (age, male, albumin–bilirubin, and platelet) score, FIB-4 (Fibrosis-4) index, and ALBI (albumin-bilirubin) score calculated at the time of biopsy. Results: The C index of aMAP score was 0.887, which was consistent with the original report, comparable to FIB-4 index (0.878), and higher than those of ALBI score (0.789), histological liver fibrosis (0.723), and NAFLD activity score (0.589). The hazard ratios for HCC development in the aMAP intermediate and high-risk groups were 21.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.6–402.0) and 110.3 (95% CI, 16.3–2251.4), respectively, in comparison to the aMAP score low-risk group. Those in the FIB-4 index moderate- and high-fibrosis groups were 10.3 (95% CI, 1.7–199.8) and 93.1 (95% CI, 16.3–1773.8), respectively, in comparison to the FIB-4 index mild-fibrosis group. No patients in the aMAP score low-risk group developed HCC during the study period. Conclusion: For stratifying the risk of HCC development in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD or NASH, both aMAP score and FIB-4 index showed high discriminative ability as noninvasive markers, which were superior histological features.

Published
2023
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40. Effect of triamcinolone acetonide on retinal inflammation and angiogenesis induced by pericyte depletion in mouse

Author

Tomohiro Otsuka, Tomomi Masuda, Yuji Takahashi, Ayako Suzuki, Akiyoshi Uemura, Reijiro Arakawa, Takeshi Okabe, and Akira Naito

Subjects
Triamcinolone acetonide, Diabetic retinopathy, Mouse, Pericyte, Angiogenesis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) has been shown to improve morphological and functional outcome in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients. However, the functional mechanism of TA has not been elucidated yet. In this study we investigated the detailed functional mechanism of TA using culture cells and retinopathy mouse models in which retinal inflammation and abnormal angiogenesis were induced by pericyte depletion. TA significantly prevented retinal hemorrhage, edema and partially improved abnormal angiogenesis. TA decreased retinal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration, presumably by preventing recruitment of macrophages into retina and TA also inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines in retina. TA inhibited proliferation/migration of vascular endothelial cells and vessel sprouting. No direct inhibition of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) autophosphorylation was observed by TA. These results suggested that TA improved inflammatory retinal events which were induced in pericyte-deleted mice by mainly decreasing macrophage-derived VEGF and expression of inflammatory cytokines followed by attenuation of vascular permeability and proliferation/migration of endothelial cells. Furthermore, in these processes, translocation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was partially involved.

Published
2023
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42. H 3 + , the ideal probe for in situ measurement of the Galactic cosmic rays

Author

Takeshi Oka

Subjects
In situ, Physics, Ideal (set theory), General Mathematics, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Energy density, 010306 general physics, Variation (astronomy), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

The reason why H 3 + is an ideal probe for in situ measurement of cosmic ray energy density in the Galaxy is discussed. The variation of measured values of cosmic ray ionization rate ζ of H 2 since the theoretical prediction by Spitzer & Tomasko (Spitzer & Tomasko 1968 Astrophys. J. 152 , 971–986) is reviewed. How the measurements by H 3 + established ζ as of the order of 10 −17 s −1 for dense clouds, 10 −16 s −1 for diffuse clouds in the Galactic disc, and 10 −14 s −1 for warm and diffuse gas in the Galactic centre is discussed. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Advances in hydrogen molecular ions: H 3 + , H 5 + and beyond’.

Published
2019

43. The motion and distribution of the gas in the central 300 pc of the galaxy as revealed by spectra of H 3 +

Author

M Goto, Takeshi Oka, and T R Geballe

Subjects
Physics, Absorption spectroscopy, General Mathematics, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Spectral line, Interstellar medium, 0103 physical sciences, Central Molecular Zone, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

Spectroscopy of absorption lines of H 3 + in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy show that a previously largely unknown component of the interstellar medium there, warm ( T ∼200 K) and diffuse ( n ≲ 10 2 cm −3 ) gas, makes up a large fraction of the volume of the CMZ, and that this gas is moving radially outward from the centre. These discoveries upend the generally accepted understanding that the interstellar environment of the CMZ comprises almost entirely an ultra-hot plasma and dense molecular clouds. The radial momentum associated with the diffuse gas in the CMZ exceeds that of the ejecta of thousands of core-collapse supernovae and implies some extraordinary past activity in the centre, possibly associated with the supermassive black hole, Sgr A*. We speculate that within approximately 10 6 years, gravity could halt the expansion of the diffuse gas and that contraction towards the centre could then commence. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Advances in hydrogen molecular ions: H 3 + , H 5 + and beyond’.

Published
2019

44. Interstellar H3+

Author

Takeshi, Oka

Subjects
General Chemistry
Published
2013

45. Hot Band Spectroscopy of the Formyl Cation, H12C16O+

Author

Christopher F. Neese, Peter S. Kreynin, and Takeshi Oka

Subjects
Glow discharge, Spectrometer, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Rotational temperature, Heterodyne detection, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Hot band, Spectral line
Abstract

Midinfrared spectra of the formyl cation, HCO(+), were recorded by direct absorption in a glow discharge (composition CO, 50 mTorr; H2, 50 mTorr; He, 7 Torr) using a color center laser spectrometer and velocity modulation with heterodyne detection. The bands measured were 10(0)0-00(0)0, 11(1)0-01(1)0, 12(0)0-02(0)0, 12(2)0-02(2)0, 10(0)1-00(0)1, 11(1)1-01(1)1, 20(0)0-10(0)0, and 10(0)2-00(0)2. These bands were analyzed and fitted together with all other available rotationally resolved spectra to arrive at a new set of spectroscopic constants for HCO(+). The relative intensities were fit to obtain a rotational temperature, Trot = 434 ± 7 K, and vibrational temperatures for each mode, T1 = 3300 ± 240 K, T2 = 841 ± 15 K, and T3 = 3157 ± 68 K.

Published
2013

49. Interaction between Macrophages and Fibroblasts during Wound Healing of Burn Injuries in Rats

Author

Tomonoshin Kanazawa, Keisuke Ohta, Takeshi Oka, and Kei-ichiro Nakamura

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Burn injury, Stromal cell, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Wound Healing, integumentary system, biology, business.industry, Macrophages, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Rats, 030104 developmental biology, Granuloma, biology.protein, Ultrastructure, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Immunohistochemistry, Antibody, business, Normal skin, Wound healing, Burns
Abstract

Analysis of the structural changes and cell-to-cell interactions occurring during wound healing of burn injuries is essential to elucidate the morphological characteristics of the reconstitution of tissue architecture. However, conventional approaches do not provide sufficient information with respect to cell-to-cell interactions during wound healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between bone marrow-derived cells and resident stromal cells throughout the wound healing of burn injuries, using immunohistochemistry and focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope tomography. We induced third-degree burn injuries on the backs of Wistar rats with a heated cylindrical aluminum block (2.0 cm in diameter). At 7 and 14 days after the burn injuries, the burned skin was immunostained with anti-Iba1 and anti-HSP47 antibodies for visualization of bone marrow-derived cells/macrophages and resident stromal cells/fibroblasts, respectively. Normal skin tissue was used as a control. Double-staining immunohistochemistry revealed frequent contacts between macrophages and fibroblasts and a higher contact ratio in the 3 normal skin compared with burned skin, particularly in the areas of granuloma. Three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis with focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope tomography revealed that macrophages and fibroblasts were located closer together in the normal skin than in the burned skin, confirming the analysis by light microscopic observations and ultrastructural analysis from single sections. These results highlight the importance of contact between macrophages and fibroblasts in the maintenance of skin tissue structure and during wound healing.

Published
2016

50. Constraining the size of the carrier of the $\lambda$5797.1 diffuse interstellar band

Author

Jane Huang and Takeshi Oka

Subjects
Physics, Photodissociation, Biophysics, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Chemical reaction, Molecular physics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Spectral line, 0104 chemical sciences, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Turn (geometry), Radiative transfer, Molecule, Polar, Rotational spectroscopy, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Molecular Biology
Abstract

The diffuse interstellar band (DIB) at 5797.1 \AA\ is simulated based on three premises: (1) The carrier of the DIB is polar as concluded by T. Oka et al. from the anomalous spectrum toward Herschel 36. (2) The sharp central feature observed by P. J. Sarre's group is the $Q$-branch of a parallel band of a prolate top. (3) The radiative temperature of the environment is $T_r$=2.73 K. A $^2 \Pi \leftarrow$ $^2\Pi$ transition of a linear radical is simulated. Results depend on 10 parameters, with the rotational constant $B$ being the most critical. Comparisons of calculated spectra with observed data constrain $B$, which in turn constrains the number of heavy atoms to 5 $\leq n \leq 7$. Upper limits based on the Her 36 spectrum and lower limits based on stability against photodissociation are also discussed. The latter is based on the assumption that the DIB molecules are produced top-down from the breakdown of dust rather than bottom-up by chemical reactions. A difficulty with this limit is that J. P. Maier's laboratory has observed many molecules within this size range, some of which have been tested astronomically. Candidates are discussed in light of many prolate tops observed by the P. Thaddeus and M. C. McCarthy microwave group., Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016

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