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BACKGROUND: Data on long-term cosmetic outcome, overall survival, and disease-free survival of endoscope-assisted partial mastectomy (EAPM) for breast cancer are scarce. Thus, we examined these outcomes after a 10-year follow-up period, and compared with conventional conservative method (CCM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data on 257 patients with stage = IIA breast cancer who underwent CCM (n = 125) or EAPM (n = 132) were analyzed. Cosmetic outcome at 2, 5, and 10 years was evaluated by 5 criteria (breast retraction assessment, nipple deviation, atrophy, skin change, scar). For overall mortality, breast cancer-specific mortality, and recurrence, the risk by operation method was tested by Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: EAPM performed significantly better than CCM in terms of cosmetic outcomes for location B at 2, 5, and 10 year-follow ups. As for cosmetic outcomes by individual criteria, EAPM had significantly higher proportions of satisfactory results for scar across all follow-up periods, and atrophy at 2-year and 10-year follow-up. There were no significant differences in terms of overall mortality, breast cancer-specific mortality, and recurrence between EAPM and CCM. The rates of patients who experienced local recurrence were similar between CCM and EAPM. CONCLUSION: EAPM is better than CCM in terms of long-term cosmetic outcome, especially for location B. As a surgical treatment for breast cancer, EAPM is comparable to CCM in terms of mortality and recurrence.

BACKGROUND: Fluorescence imaging (FI) is one of the methods to identify sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). However, the procedure is technically complicated and requires procedural skills, as SLN biopsy must be conducted in dim light conditions. As an improved version of this method, we introduced a combined method (Combined mixed dye and fluorescence; CMF) consisting of indigo carmine blue dye and FI. The direct visualization of SLNs under shadowless surgical light conditions is facilitated by the addition of the blue dye. We compared the SLN detection rates of CMF with that of the indocyanine green (ICG) dye method (ICG-D). METHODS: A total of 202 patients with stage =IIA breast cancer who underwent breast conservative therapy with separate incision from January 2004 to February 2017 were reviewed. Details of the two methods are as follows: (1) ICG-D: 10 mg of ICG was used and the green-stained SLNs were resected via a 3-4 cm axillary incision; (2) CMF: A combination of 5 mg of ICG and 4-8 mg of indigo carmine was used. After a 1.5-2 cm incision was made near the point of disappearance of the fluorescence using Photodynamic Eye (PDE), the blue-stained SLNs were resected under shadowless surgical light conditions. RESULTS: There were 92 ICG-D and 110 CMF cases. CMF resulted in a significantly higher SLN detection rate than ICG-D (96.4% vs. 83.7%; p = 0.003). This difference was particularly notable in those aged =60 years (98.3% vs. 74.3%) and individuals with body mass index (BMI) =25 kg/m(2) (90.3% vs. 58.3%). CONCLUSION: CMF is an effective method to identify SLNs which is safe and efficient. CMF achieves a high SLN identification rate and most of this procedure is feasible under shadowless surgical light conditions. CMF can reliably perform SLN biopsy even in those aged =60 years and individuals with BMI = 25 kg/m(2).

Studies comparing cosmetic outcome between conventional conservative method (CCM) and endoscope-assisted partial mastectomy (EAPM) are scarce.

強レーザー場中の分子のalignment過程について理論的考察を行った。特に、楕円偏光をもつレーザー場の場合、非対称コマ分子の回転定数および分極率成分の非対称性が、分子の3つの主軸の空間フレームに対するalignmentの程度に、どのように反映するかを調べた。, この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。