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To determine the characteristics and cause of the increase in the amplitude of flicker electroretinography (ERG) after cataract surgery.Prospective, observational clinical study.Thirty patients who underwent cataract surgery.Flicker ERGs were recorded with the RETeval system without mydriasis. The central macular thickness (CMT) was measured by OCT and the aqueous flare value (AFV) by laser flare-cell photometry. These examinations were performed before surgery and 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months after surgery. Linear regression analysis through the origin was used to compare the correlations between the relative changes in flicker ERG amplitudes and the changes in the CMT and AFV at different times after the surgery.The amplitude of flicker ERGs, CMT, and AFV.The mean amplitude of flicker ERGs increased significantly by 31% at 1 week after surgery (These results suggest that the increase in the amplitude of flicker ERGs after cataract surgery is a transient phenomenon that has a peak at 1 week after surgery. The increase of flicker ERG amplitude was associated with measures that are frequently used to evaluate postoperative inflammation.Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.

Purpose To evaluate the effects of unilateral intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) on the ocular circulation of the fellow eyes. Methods Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with macular edema (average age 69.6 ± 11.8 years) were studied. Eleven eyes had diabetic macular edema (DME) and four eyes had macular edema associated with a branch retinal vein occlusion. Each eye received 0.5 mg of IVR. The blood circulation on the optic nerve head of the treated and untreated eyes were determined by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG, Softcare Co., Ltd) before, 1 day, and 1 week after the IVR. The mean blur rate (MBR) and the relative changes of the MBRs determined as dMBR(%) = 100−(MBR before/MB after) × 100) were evaluated. The central macular thickness (CMT) and the rate of reduction in the thickness (dCMT = 100−(CMT before/CMT after) × 100) were also evaluated. Results The mean dMBR was significantly higher in the treated eyes than the untreated eyes at 1 day (−16.4 ± 17.0% vs 2.31 ± 19.3%) and at 1 week (−12.0 ± 14.6% vs 4.50 ± 25.9%) after the IVR (P = 0.02, paired t tests). Conclusion These findings indicate that if ranibizumab enters the systemic circulation, the concentration is not high enough to affect the ocular circulation of the fellow eyes.

To determine whether an intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) affects the vascular infarction-related molecules (VIRMs). Nineteen eyes with DME were treated with 0.5 mg of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR), and 22 eyes with DME were treated with 2 mg of intravitreal aflibercept (IVA). Blood was collected before, 1 week and 1 month after the injections. Aqueous humor was collected before and 1 month after the injections. The concentration of the VIRMs (cardiac myoglobin, cardiac troponin, intercellular adhesion molecule, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, matrix metalloproteinase-8, placental growth factor [PlGF], tenascin-C, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, thrombospondin-2, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and VEGF) were determined by the multiplex assay. After the single injection of both types of anti-VEGF agents, the concentration of aqueous VEGF decreased significantly (P P

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection (IVTA) combined with cataract surgery for diabetic macular edema (DME) resistant to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. Procedure: IVTA combined with cataract surgery was performed on 29 eyes of patients with DME (aged 70.5 ± 6.2 years) who were refractive to anti-VEGF treatments. The visual acuity, central retinal thickness (CRT), and the central retinal sensitivity were assessed at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after the treatment. Results: The visual acuity improved significantly from 0.49 ± 0.30 logMAR units to 0.35 ± 0.33 logMAR units at 24 weeks after the treatment (p < 0.05; repeated ANOVA). The CRT decreased significantly from 435.1 ± 112.3 μm to 350.8 ± 123.3 μm at 12 weeks after the treatment (p < 0.05). The retinal sensitivity threshold also improved significantly from 18.2 ± 4.3 dB to 20.4 ± 3.8 dB at 4 weeks after the treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions: IVTA combined with cataract surgery is effective for successful treatment of eyes with DME refractive to anti-VEGF therapy.

To determine the efficacy of the treat and extend (TAE) protocol with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for managing diabetic macular edema (DME). Retrospective, single-center study. For this retrospective study, 42 eyes of 42 patients were initially treated with 3 consecutive monthly IVB injections (loading phase), after which they were selected for different additional therapies. For the TAE protocol, the baseline treatment interval was selected to be 8 weeks and was sequentially lengthened by 2 weeks if the central macular thickness (CMT) was