Search

This study aimed to find out students' perceptions of synchronous and asynchronous learning modes. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra Utara. This study used a qualitative descriptive method and used random sampling. The subjects of this study were 50 students filling out the questionnaire and 8 students being interviewed. From the results of the study, it can be seen that as many as 72% of students are satisfied with the synchronous learning mode, and as many as 66% of students are satisfied with the asynchronous learning mode. It can be seen that more students like synchronous learning mode than asynchronous learning mode by online learning using whatssapp, google classroom, and zoom application.

This pilot study is the first to examine whether a novel curriculum based on the Reference Framework of Competences for Democratic Culture (RFCDC) could increase children’s endorsement and knowledge of children’s rights. We conducted a pre-test-post-test design with an intervention and a comparison school. Pupils (n = 172) from Bulgaria, Italy, Norway, Romania, and Spain attended schools in which the curriculum was taught, whereas pupils in the comparison group (n = 120) attended schools in the same city where the curriculum was not taught. Both groups were tested on their endorsement and knowledge of rights before and at the end of the intervention. Children in the intervention group increased in endorsing children’s rights at post-test more than did children in the intervention group. Most children believed that children had rights. Children in the intervention group showed modest increases in their knowledge of rights. Future ways of implementing the RFCDC are suggested. publishedVersion

With the growing interest in these species as a source of new pharmaceutical products and the increasing demand for herbal products in Malaysia, the demand for its raw materials is also increasing. Therefore, initiatives have been taken by Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) to select and to produce high quality planting materials for future uses. To our knowledge, most of the raw materials used in producing herbal products and its development were being sourced from the wild, with little knowledge on the quality of the raw materials. In order to ensure the quality and sustainability of raw materials in the market, it is important to come out with suitable breeding strategy for the selected species. This paper highlights research by FRIM on collecting, screening, selecting and producing high quality planting materials for the four species based on their growth performance and bioactive compounds. Several research on the production of high quality planting materials for four important medicinal plants has been initiated by FRIM starting from the 11th Malaysian Plan until now. This paper discusses about four selected species namely Chromolaena odorata (kapal terbang), Andrographis paniculata (creat or green chiretta), Beackea frutescens (false ru) and Senna alata (candle bush). These species are found to have a significant benefit to the human’s health. C. odorata (kapal terbang) leaf extract are found to have relatively strong inhibition on platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor binding in vitro, indicating an anti-inflammatory activity, which is favourable for wound healing. A major bioactive compound in A. paniculata, andrographolide has shown anticancer potential in various research. Whereas, B. frutescens has a potential to be used as anti-gout remedies. Research conducted by FRIM showed that active compound in the leaves and stems of B. frutescens extract are effective in inhibiting uric acid formation and promoting uric acid secretion. Whereas for S. alata, the highest content of major flavonoid glycoside compound, kaempferol-3-O-gentiobioside (K3G), has an anti-inflammatory effect detected in leaf extracts. Germplasm plots for the species were also established in FRIM for future breeding activities. The outputs derived from this study will support the herbal industries in getting quality raw materials in the future. By using high quality plants will also increase the value of pharmaceutical products in the market. It is anticipated that herbal industries and interested party will seek FRIM for high quality seeds and seedlings materials for the development of their products as well as for the establishment of commercial herbal plantation.

Moisture ingress through capillarity has a great effect on the mechanical properties of unstabilized rammed earth (URE). Limited experimental studies exist to quantify this effect. In this paper, an experimental setup for the capillary test was designed. Rammed earth samples of 15cm x 15cm x 45cm equipped with humidity capacitive sensors were placed on a saturated layer of sand which imposes controlled matric suction at the base of the sample. The kinetics of the capillary rise was determined by continuous measurement of the mass of the sample, height of moisture, and relative humidity. Subsequently, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed before and after capillary rise. Samples tested after capillary rise show a decrease in mechanical resistance of 95% (a usual compression strength of 1.4 MPa decreases until 0,07 MPa). Other samples, dried after capillarity, show under uniaxial compression tests a restoration in compressive strength by 80% of the original dried samples. In consequence, a loss of strength capacity is observed under the capillary rise cycle. This contributes to explain many pathologies encountered on rammed earth structures.

Previous research has identified the heightened amount of perceived stress experienced by migrants in the West. Muslim women specifically may be at a greater exposure to perceived stress, easily being identified as different from others due to the observance of the hijab (Ahmed, 1992). However, Muslims in the UK generally have one of the lowest rates of accessing mental health services (Joint Commissioning Panel for Mental Health, 2014). Current research shows the positive role religion plays in managing perceived stress and the potential development of mental health difficulties. Few studies have been conducted on migrant populations and even fewer with female Muslim migrants. The current study aimed to investigate religiosity, as a mediator of the relationship between religious coping and perceived stress in migrant Muslim women. It also aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and migration. The results found religiosity to mediate the relationship between religious coping and perceived stress, that is, individuals with higher religiosity used religious coping and had lower perceived stress. However, there was no significant relationship between experiences of migration and perceived stress. These findings provide possible directions for mental health practitioners when working with clients from such backgrounds.

Pengusangan cepat adalah pengujian vigor daya simpan benih setelah mendapatkan pengusangan fisik maupun kimia yang dapat memberikan simulasi lingkungan suboptimum yang dapat menyebabkan kemunduran benih mirip seperti kondisi sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengusangan cepat kimia pada benih jagung dengan memanfaatkan alat pengusangan cepat tipe IPB 77-1 MM. Alat pengusangan cepat (APC IPB 77-1 MM) diharapkan merupakan mesin yang akan dapat mempercepat kemunduran benih dengan memanfaat uap etanol 96%. Fungsi dari alat pengusangan cepat IPB 77-1 MM dimaksudkan agar dapat melihat kemunduran benih secara cepat yang bisa menggambarkan kemunduran mutu yang terjadi pada penyimpanan alami yang dalam penelitian ini ditunjukkan dengan menggunakan metode penyimpanan terkontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan lima lot benih jagung dengan tingkat vigor yang berbeda hasil dari deteriorasi terkontrol pada suhu 40 °C dan RH 98%. Hasil dari pembuatan lot benih dari vigor tinggi hingga rendah: P1 (94.5% berkecambah normal), P2 (92.5% berkecambah normal), P3 (70% berkecambah normal), P4 (38% berkecambah normal), dan P5 (17% berkecambah normal). Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua percobaan, percobaan pertama adalah pengusangan cepat kimia yang terdiri atas 5 taraf waktu pengusangan yaitu 0, 25 (1x25’), 50 (2x25’), 75 (3x25’), dan 100 (4x25’) menit. Percobaan kedua adalah penyimpanan terkontrol pada kondisi suhu kamar (30-34 °C) dan RH tinggi (85-99%) yang didapatkan dari larutan garam jenuh Na2SO4 dan terdiri dari 5 taraf waktu penyimpanan yaitu 0, 10, 20, 25, dan 30 hari.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pemanfaatan APC IPB 77-1 MM untuk pendugaan vigor daya simpan benih jagung dengan menggunakan pengusangan kimia. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan alat pengusangan cepat IPB 77-1 MM dapat digunakan untuk menduga penurunan vigor pada benih jagung. Hasil percobaan juga menunjukkan alat pengusangan cepat IPB 77-1 MM dapat menduga nilai vigor daya simpan yang sama dengan percobaan penyimpanan pada tolok ukur daya berkecambah dan potensi tumbuh maksimum sedangkan untuk tolok ukur indeks vigor dan kecepatan tumbuh belum menunjukkan konsistensi penurunan vigor.

Rammed earth structures are very sensitive to hydric conditions. Experimental studies have been undertaken to understand the link between liquid water transfer and mechanical behavior at structural scale. This study was done on a prismatic rammed earth sample of 15cm x 15cm x 45cm, structured as a wall element with several layers. Samples were subjected to one dimensional drying in an indoor environment. Humidity and temperature sensors were placed on each layer inside the sample. The kinetic of drying was monitored by continuous weighing the sample and humidity measurement at a regular interval. Results of water content evolution suggest that samples dry in two stages; the first stage is associated with relatively high evaporation flux of 13.88 g m-2h-1 while the second stage has very low flux of moisture evaporation. Unconfined compressive strength was performed in drying samples after 0, 2, 6 and 8 weeks of drying. In parallel, digital image correlation was used to determine the stiffness of samples. Results show an increase in compressive strength by the rate of 98 kPa per week in the first two weeks, then this rate reduces to 23 KPa per weeks after 8 weeks. These experimental results will allow to enhance the 3D hydro mechanical numerical model developed in the laboratory.

Using ion irradiation and transmission electron microscopy, temperature dependent void swelling and dislocation loop evolution in equiatomic NiCoFeCrMn and NiCoFeCrPd high entropy alloys were investigated. Voids were observed in all tested conditions. An order higher of swelling was observed in both HEAs as temperature increased from 420 to 580 °C. Alloying with Pd was found to have a stronger suppression effect on void and dislocation loop growth than alloying with Mn. Possible contributions to the swelling resistance were explored, including localized lattice distortion and higher defect migration barrier in NiCoFeCrPd. Additionally, no phase decomposition was observed in either alloy.

The presentation of three different ways of being missionaries among the South American Indians illustrates the gradual change of paradigm of evangelization in Brazil. Two ways likewise concern dominican missionaries who worked among the kayapó: Gil Villeneuve and Raymond Caron. The third way concerns the presence of the Little Sisters of Jesus among the tapirapé and the asuriní: the most meaningful icon of mission today among the South American Indians, acknowledged and reintroduced by Natives’ Missionary Council in the early Seventies. La presentación de tres maneras de ser misioneros entre los indios muestra el cambio gradual en el paradigma de la evangelización en Brasil. Dos formas de evangelizar involucran a dos dominicanos que trabajaron entre los kayapó: Gil Villeneuve y Raymond Caron. La tercera se refiere a la presencia de las hermanitas de Jesús entre los tapirapé y los asuriní: el icono hoy en día más elocuente de esa misión entre los indios, transpuesta y re-lanzada por el Consejo indigenista misionero a principios de los años Setenta. La presentazione di tre modi di essere missionari tra gli indios manifesta il graduale mutamento di paradigma dell’evangelizzazione in Brasile. Due modi riguardano altrettanti domenicani che operarono tra i kayapó: Gil Villeneuve e Raymond Caron. Il terzo la presenza delle piccole sorelle di Gesù tra i tapirapé e gli asuriní: l’icona più eloquente della missione oggi tra gli indios, recepita e rilanciata dal Consiglio indigenista missionario nei primi anni Settanta.