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Circular economy is a new economic operation mode that emphasizes symbiosis and synergism the formation of an ecological network of resource recycling is its fundamental feature. The article takes the development of ship breaking industry in Sitakunda, Chattogram Division, Bangladesh as a case This paper analyzes on the evolution process and the micro operation law of the circular economy industrial chain, probes into the mechanism of the industrial chain coupling, and advances some countermeasures for promoting the development of the circular economy industrial chain.

Open Government Data (OGD) initiatives can deliver many cultural and institutional benefits. This is why many governments are trying to establish an OGD ecosystem. However, although many countries have made good progress in doing so, some face significant challenges. In such cases, country-specific studies can prove valuable in understanding not only the current situation, but also in defining the obstacles to progress. As far as the authors of this paper can determine, this study is the first to examine the benefits of, and barriers to, implementation of the OGD initiative Saudi Arabia. The study conducts and analyses interviews with Saudi Arabian government officials in both leadership and technical positions, in order to obtain an informed view of the OGD initiative in Saudi. The study contributes to the existing knowledge base by identifying the main benefits of the Saudi Arabian Open Government Initiative and the barriers to its implementation.

Occupational health has been defined as "enabling people to engage in their occupation in a way that causes the least harm to their health," but the World Health Organization has attempted to broaden this definition, stating that "health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, not simply the absence of disease or infirmity." Putting employees' health first is certainly the most important factor in achieving a productive and efficient workplace culture; this has been shown to increase efficiency and improve employee mental health. Energy has evolved as a vital strategic resource for national development, given the fast-increasing global economy and urgent social requirements. Despite the efforts of various countries to develop renewable energy sources such as wind, nuclear, hydro, and solar, petroleum and natural gas continue to dominate global energy consumption. The goal of this study is to look at the current standards of occupational health and safety in Yemeni oil and gas drilling projects.

Recent advances in technology have made truly open and accessible government significantly more realisable. One of the ways in which governments are using this technology is in the implementation of online portals that allow open (i.e., public and unrestricted) access to data and use of data. Such portals can be used by citizens and professionals to facilitate improved decision-making across a wide range of areas, from car-parking to promoting entrepreneurialism. However, the existence of portals per se is not enough. To maximise their potential, users must also feel that they are both accessible and usable. To gain insights into the current state of usability of OGD portals for professionals working in data-related areas, a comparative study of the portals of the G7 group was carried out, using a mixed methodology. This is the first specific comparison of these portals for such users, as well as the first study to add a user-centred qualitative dimension to the research. The study’s findings showed that the G7 countries are not maximising the potential of their portals or collaborating effectively. Addressing these issues, and building better cross-national consistency, would help to improve the value delivered by investment in OGD portals. The study also further supported an existing user-centred, heuristic evaluation framework for application to a more specific user group, as well as more generally.

Information sharing via social networking systems (SNS) is a common practice among academics, as well as others, that brings substantial benefits. At the same time, privacy concerns are widespread among SNS users, which may tend to inhibit their maximising the benefit from using the systems. This paper investigates the proposition that SNS user attitudes and behaviour are affected by privacy concerns, and that the effects are subject to significant cultural factors. A broad assessment of the literature provides the context for the study. Working in the context of Saudi Arabia, we apply a mixed-methods approach beginning with in-depth interviews, exposing in detail a range of views and concerns about privacy and SNS use, also allowing us to identify three key factors that bear on SNS usage and users’ concerns. Analysis of these factors in the light of the “theory of reasoned action” derives a structural model predicting several hypotheses relating the factors and users’ attitudes and behaviour. We assess the model through development of a questionnaire, administered to a large pool of academic participants, that allows us to examine how the model responds in general, and via multigroup partial least squares analyses, differentially to gender and to culturally distinct (Arab vs. non-Arab) constituents of the participant group. Results show good support for the hypotheses and clear gender and culture effects. Picking up issues from the interviews, discussion focuses on users’ views about SNS providers’ privacy policies and their inadequacy regarding culturally specific ethical concerns. We argue that these views may reflect different regulatory environments in combination with other cultural factors.

Objectives To evaluate diagnostic yield of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring using multidetector CT imaging in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients presented with chest pain. Patients and methods Seventy RA patients evaluated using the 28 joint disease activity (DAS-28) score, Disability Index (DI) and radiologically for Larsen–Dale index. Patients underwent assessment for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and coronary risk stratification using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Patients were clinically categorized according to criteria for typical anginal pain (TAP) and were scanned using a 64-row spiral CT scanner for CAC scoring and were stratified according Agatston CAC scores for calculation of total Agatston score (TAS). Results Clinically, 32 patients had full criteria of TAP, 27 patients showed a picture of atypical anginal pain, while 11 patients had non-anginal chest pain. FRS predicted low, intermediate and high risk of CAD in 34, 18 and 18 patients, respectively. TAS defined no CAC in 4 patients, while mild, moderate and severe CAC was detected in 24, 36 and 6 patients, respectively. Regression analysis defined low HDL blood level, current smoking and high TAS, DAS-28 and FRS as significant predictor for TAP in decreasing order of significance. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis defined low HDL blood level and high TAS as the significant sensitive and specific tests, respectively. There was positive significant correlation between FRS and both of TAS scores and extent of coronary stenosis. However, FRS was the least significant predictor for TAP. Conclusion Screening of RA patients with combination of clinical scoring using FRS and CAC using non-invasive multidetector CT could allow early detection of patients at risk for acute cardiovascular events. However, TAS acts better for the prediction of TAP.

The recorded growth in infection by multidrug resistant bacteria necessitates prompt efforts towards developing alternatives to antibiotics, such as bacteriophage therapy. Immuno-compromised patients with diabetes mellitus are particularly prone to foot infections by multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, which may be compounded by chronic osteomyelitis. Bacteriophage ZCKP1, isolated from freshwater in Giza, Egypt, was tested in vitro to evaluate its lytic activity against a multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae KP/01, isolated from foot wound of a diabetic patient in Egypt. Characterization of ZCKP1 phage indicated that it belonged to the Myoviridae family of bacteriophages with a ds-DNA genome size of 150.9 kb. Bacteriophage ZCKP1 lysed a range of osteomyelitis pathogenic agents including Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and E. coli isolates. The bacteriophage reduced the bacterial counts of host bacteria by ≥2 log10 CFU/ml at 25°C, and demonstrated the ability to reduce bacterial counts and biofilm biomass (> 50%) when applied at high multiplicity of infection (50 PFU/CFU). These characteristics make ZCKP1 phage of potential therapeutic value to treat K. pneumoniae and associated bacteria present in diabetic foot patients.