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Background: Random pattern flap is a common reconstructive surgery procedure but its necrosis is a challenging problem. A lot of pharmacological agents and surgical procedures have been examined for the prevention of this complication to maximize the length to width ratio of these surgical flaps. Therefore, we designed an experimental study to evaluate the effects of aspirin, clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix) and their combination on random skin flap survival in rats.Methods: Forty male rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups. Surgery was done under general anesthesia. A random, rectangular 3×11 cm dorsal skin flap was designed, elevated and sutured back into its primary site. In group one, 100 mg/kg Aspirin and in group two, 25 mg/kg Plavix were administered orally for 7 days postoperatively. Aspirin and Plavix were co-administered in the third group for the same period of time while the control group received no medication. After 7 days, the total surface of flaps, the viable and also the necrotic parts were measured by Image J software. Mean standard deviation and analysis of variance were calculated to compare the results.Results: The mean area of flap survival was 62.49% in the control, 64.04% in Aspirin, 65.09% in Plavix and 64.06% in combination groups. No statistically significant differences were found between treatment groups and control rats.Conclusion: In this study, we found no significant differences between Aspirin, Plavix or their combination on the survival of random skin flaps.

Saeid Maghsoudi,1 Bahareh Taghavi Shahraki,1 Navid Rabiee,2 Yousef Fatahi,3– 5 Rassoul Dinarvand,3,4 Maryam Tavakolizadeh,6 Sepideh Ahmadi,7,8 Mohammad Rabiee,9 Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,2 Ali Pourjavadi,6 Hassan Farhadnejad,10 Mohammadreza Tahriri,11 Thomas J Webster,12 Lobat Tayebi11 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran; 2Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; 6Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11365-9516, Iran; 7Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 8Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 9Biomaterial Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; 10Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 11School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; 12Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USACorrespondence: Thomas J Webster; Mohammadreza Tahriri Tel +1 617 373 6585Email th.webster@neu.edu; mohammadreza.tahriri@marquette.eduAbstract: With continual rapid developments in the biomedical field and understanding of the important mechanisms and pharmacokinetics of biological molecules, controlled drug delivery systems (CDDSs) have been at the forefront over conventional drug delivery systems. Over the past several years, scientists have placed boundless energy and time into exploiting a wide variety of excipients, particularly diverse polymers, both natural and synthetic. More recently, the development of nano polymer blends has achieved noteworthy attention due to their amazing properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and more importantly, their pivotal role in controlled and sustained drug release in vitro and in vivo. These compounds come with a number of effective benefits for improving problems of targeted or controlled drug and gene delivery systems; thus, they have been extensively used in medical and pharmaceutical applications. Additionally, they are quite attractive for wound dressings, textiles, tissue engineering, and biomedical prostheses. In this sense, some important and workable natural polymers (namely, chitosan (CS), starch and cellulose) and some applicable synthetic ones (such as poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly-glycolic acid (PGA)) have played an indispensable role over the last two decades for their therapeutic effects owing to their appealing and renewable biological properties. According to our data, this is the first review article highlighting CDDSs composed of diverse natural and synthetic nano biopolymers, blended for biological purposes, mostly over the past five years; other reviews have just briefly mentioned the use of such blended polymers. We, additionally, try to make comparisons between various nano blending systems in terms of improved sustained and controlled drug release behavior.Keywords: polymer blends, drug delivery, wound dressing, PLGA, chitosan, starch

Background: Different types of dressings are applied on wounds to accelerate the healing process and improve its long term outcomes. This study designed to compare the healing rate of skin graft donor site while dressed with polyethylene, Meloline and Vaseline in rats. Material and Methods: In an experimental study, polyethylen, vazeline gauze and melolin were used for skin grft donor site dressing. 30 rats, randomly assigned to 3 groups. An approximately 5x5 cm split thickness wound was made on the dorsum of each rat under general anesthesia. Then dressed by polyethylene, Vaseline gauze and Melolin in each group. The wound size was measured by Image J software after operation and on days 3, 6, 9 and 12 to evaluate the rate of healing, then the results compared between groups. Results: The mean area of the wound size on day 12 was 0.72±0.44 cm² in Vaseline group, 0.68±0.75 cm² in polyethylene group and 0.14±0.17 cm² in Meloline group. In 3rd day Vaseline group had smaller size, but in days 6 and 9 the smaller size belonged to Meloline similar to day 12, which differed statistically with Vaseline. P<0.04 Conclusion: Polyethylene dressing according to its low price and acceptable rate of wound healing may be an appropriate choice for wounds' dressing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]