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1. Optimization of irrigation scheduling using crop–water simulation, water pricing, and quantitative weather forecasts

Author

Hassan M. Abd El Baki, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Ieyasu Tokumoto, and Tadaomi Saito

Subjects
automated irrigation, soil water content, drought, transpiration, net income, numerical simulation, Agriculture, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Numerical models of crop response to irrigation and weather forecasts with internet access should be fully utilized in modern irrigation management. In this respect, we developed a new numerical scheme to optimize irrigation depth that maximizes net income over each irrigation interval. The scheme applies volumetric water prices to inspire farmers to save water, and it provides growers with real-time estimates of irrigation depth and net income over the growing season. To evaluate this scheme, we carried out a field experiment for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in a sandy field of the Arid Land Research Center (ALRC), Tottori University, Japan. Two treatments were established to compare the net income of the proposed scheme with that of an automated irrigation system. Results showed that although the proposed scheme gave a larger amount of seasonal irrigation water 28%, it achieved 2.18 times of net income owing to 51% higher yield compared to results of the automated irrigation system. The accuracy of rainfall forecast had little effect on the scheme outputs, where the root mean square error (RMSE) between observed and forecasted rainfall was 4.63 mm. By utilizing numerical simulation information of the soil–plant–atmosphere system into the proposed scheme, it would be a more cost-effective tool for optimizing irrigation depths than automated irrigation systems.

Published
2024
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2. Low-Error Soil Moisture Sensor Employing Spatial Frequency Domain Transmissometry

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Takahiro Oishi, Mitsuhiro Inoue, Sachio Iida, Norihito Mihota, Atsushi Yamada, Kohei Shimizu, Satoru Inumochi, and Koji Inosako

Subjects
dielectric probe, time domain reflectometry (TDR), time domain transmissometry (TDT), frequency domain reflectometry (FDR), saline soil, arid region, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

A new type of soil moisture sensor using spatial frequency domain transmissometry (SFDT) was evaluated. This sensor transmits and receives ultrawideband (1 to 6 GHz) radio waves between two separated antennas and measures the propagation delay time in the soil related to the dielectric constant. This method is expected to be less affected by air gaps between the probes and the soil, as well as being less affected by soil electrical conductivity (EC), than typical commercial sensors. The relationship between output and volumetric water content (θ), and the effects of air gaps and EC were evaluated through experiments using sand samples and the prototype SFDT sensor. The output of the SFDT sensor increased linearly with θ and was not affected by even a high salt concentration for irrigation water, such that the EC of the pore water was 9.2 dS·m−1. The SFDT sensor was almost unaffected by polyethylene tapes wrapped around the sensor to simulate air gaps, whereas a commercially available capacitance sensor significantly underestimated θ. Theoretical models of the SFDT sensor were also developed for the calibration equation and the air gaps. The calculation results agreed well with the experimental results, indicating that analytical approaches are possible for the evaluation of the SFDT sensor.

Published
2022
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3. Optimization of irrigation scheduling using crop-water simulation, water pricing, and quantitative weather forecasts.

Author

El Baki, Hassan M. Abd, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Ieyasu Tokumoto, and Tadaomi Saito

Subjects
CORPORATE profits, IRRIGATION management, STANDARD deviations, IRRIGATION water, SOIL moisture, IRRIGATION scheduling
Abstract

Numericalmodels of crop response to irrigation and weather forecasts with internet access should be fully utilized in modern irrigation management. In this respect, we developed a new numerical scheme to optimize irrigation depth that maximizes net income over each irrigation interval. The scheme applies volumetric water prices to inspire farmers to save water, and it provides growers with real-time estimates of irrigation depth and net income over the growing season. To evaluate this scheme, we carried out a field experiment for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in a sandy field of the Arid Land Research Center (ALRC), Tottori University, Japan. Two treatments were established to compare the net income of the proposed scheme with that of an automated irrigation system. Results showed that although the proposed scheme gave a larger amount of seasonal irrigation water 28%, it achieved 2.18 times of net income owing to 51% higher yield compared to results of the automated irrigation system. The accuracy of rainfall forecast had little effect on the scheme outputs, where the root mean square error (RMSE) between observed and forecasted rainfall was 4.63 mm. By utilizing numerical simulation information of the soil-plant-atmosphere system into the proposed scheme, it would be a more costeffective tool for optimizing irrigation depths than automated irrigation systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Sand movement analysis of the Tottori Sand Dunes using aerial photogrammetry by UAVs.

Author

Tadaomi SAITO, Takayuki KAWAI, Yoshiki TAKAHARA, Dai NAGAMATSU, and Koji INOSAKO

Subjects
SAND dunes, AERIAL photogrammetry, DRONE aircraft, ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring
Abstract

The Tottori Sand Dunes, located along Japan's Sanin Coast, are a UNESCO Global Geopark and a popular tourist attraction with millions of annual visitors. Monitoring of environmental conditions including sand movement is needed for the protection and utilization of the dunes. The objectives of this paper were (i) accuracy evaluation of aerial photogrammetry using three UAVs (Un- manned Aerial Vehicles: Drones) and two types of structure from motion (SfM) software and (ii) sand movement analysis in the dunes using the best results. For each flight, about 1800 vertical photographs (side overlap: 60%, and top-bottom overlap: 80%) were taken at altitudes of approximately 100 m above ground level using three UAVs for a 1500 km² area of the dunes. The obtained images were processed using two SfM software, PhotoScan Professional (currently Metashpae: Agisoft) and Pix4Dmapper (Pix4D), for building 3D models. The position data of survey piles in the dunes were used as the GCP (ground control point) setting for image processing and model evaluation. The results revealed that the accuracy of the models was significantly affected by the difference in the SfM software but was not greatly influenced by the difference in UAVs. The models generated from PhotoScan generally curved and had larger errors at the center parts and around the edges of the models (average RMSE=1.74 m), while the models generated from Pix4D-mapper had smaller errors throughout the entire areas (average RMSE-0.38 m). From the comparison of the models obtained from Pix4Dmapper, the characteristics of sand movement such as the movement of the ridge line towards the inland area, were elucidated in the dunes from 2016 to 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Evaluation of soil water dynamics in the subsurface irrigation system OPSIS using lysimeter experiments.

Author

Ken OKAMOTO, Toshihiko ANZAI, Kazuhito SAKAI, Tadaomi SAITO, and Koji INOSAKO

Subjects
SUBIRRIGATION, SOIL moisture, LYSIMETER, METEOROLOGICAL precipitation, CLIMATE change
Abstract

In tropical and subtropical island regions, alterations in precipitation patterns due to climate change have led to an escala- tion in extreme weather conditions. Owing to the limited availability of irrigation infrastructure, agricultural practices in these areas predominantly rely on rainwater and groundwater. The Optimized Subsurface Irrigation System (OPSIS), a water-efficient subsurface irrigation technology developed in Japan, was engineered to irrigate upland crops by harnessing soil capillarity. This study aimed to investigate soil water dynamics under OPSIS in a subtropical island located in Japan. The water supply from OPSIS in a field devoid of vegetation exhibited considerable variability contingent upon rainfall events. This observation implies that the infiltration of wa- ter captured by the waterproof sheet prompted the cessation of water supply in the OPSIS. Following the initiation of irrigation, soil water content increased at depths of 35 and 55 cm, proximal to the 60 cm depth from the OPSIS installation point, and soil moisture levels remained elevated, except at depths of 5 and 15 cm. Therefore, the implementation of OPSIS at a depth of 60 cm can effective- ly irrigate sugarcane with substantial water-saving benefits, except in the period immediately following planting. Irrigation and deep drainage were higher at 60 cm than at 30 cm depth of PVC sheet installation. To operate OPSIS with optimal water savings in areas with more severe water use restrictions, such as arid and semi-arid lands, controlling the irrigation of perforated pipes according to the soil moisture conditions in the effective root zone is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Water-saving effects of subsurface irrigation system "OPSIS" for sugarcane cultivation: A case study on Ishigaki Island, Japan.

Author

Toshihiko ANZAI, Ken OKAMOTO, Kazuhito SAKAI, Tadaomi SAITO, Koji INOSAKO, Yasuteru SHIKINA, Masahide MAETSU, and Yuto HATERUMA

Subjects
SUBIRRIGATION, SUGARCANE growing, WATER conservation, SOIL moisture, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
Abstract

A subsurface irrigation system "OPSIS" (optimized subsurface irrigation system) developed in Japan is expected to have high application efficiency because percolation water from irrigation pipes is restrained by an impervious liner sheet installed under the irrigation pipes, and non-consumptive irrigation water is circulated and reused as irrigation water. This study aimed to clarify the water-saving effects of OPSIS while maintaining crop yield. In this study, sugarcane was cultivated in fields where OPSIS was installed, and soil moisture was monitored using soil moisture sensors. The fields were located on Ishigaki Island, Japan, which occasionally experiences drought, mainly during the dry season (from July to August), with highest evapotranspiration and low precipitation. The results showed that soil moisture during the dry season was maintained above the soil water content of the primary wilting point by a lower irrigation water supply than the recommended rate provided by sprinklers on Ishigaki Island. The sugarcane yields were also higher than the average yield on Ishigaki Island. These results confirm that OPSIS contributes to higher crop production with less irrigation compared with sprinkler-based irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Monitoring nitrogen leaching under different fertiliser applications during the early growth stage of sugarcane using GS3 sensors: a case study on Negros Island, Philippines

Author

Ignacio S Santillana, Tadaomi Saito, Ken Okamoto, Koji Inosako, Shinkichi Goto, Shotaro Ando, and Toshihiko Anzai

Subjects
Nitrates, Moisture, Nitrogen, Philippines, Water, chemistry.chemical_element, Sowing, Agriculture, General Medicine, Saccharum, Soil, Nutrient, chemistry, Agronomy, Groundwater pollution, Soil water, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental science, DNS root zone, Leaching (agriculture), Fertilizers, Waste Management and Disposal, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is normally applied twice during sugarcane cultivation on Negros Island in the Philippines. As the first application is carried out during the early growth stage, there is a high possibility that N is not absorbed sufficiently by the sugarcane and a large amount of N may be leached with percolating water. To investigate this leaching, we monitored the vertical movement of soil water and soil solutes using GS3 dielectric moisture and electrical conductivity (EC) sensors in a sugarcane field on Negros Island. The monitoring was conducted after the first N application at different application rates (50% or 100% of the recommended rate) and timings (immediately or 30 days after planting [DAP]). The EC values increased when 100%-N was applied immediately after planting, indicating that N leached into the deeper soil layer. The monitoring results suggest that the applied N did not remain in the root zone (due to leaching) and was not replenished until the second application, when the absorption ability of the sugarcane was high. Conversely, when 100%-N was applied at 30 DAP, the applied N remained in the root zone until the second application. When 50%-N was applied at 30 DAP, the increase in EC was small compared to the 100%-N application. These results indicate that applying N immediately after planting at the recommended rate led to an insufficient nutrient supply for the sugarcane, as well as the loss of N fertiliser via leaching.

Published
2021
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9. Analysis by numerical experiments of desalinization of a salt-affected paddy field using a rice husk underdrainage system

Author

Koji Inosako, Kana Omachi, and Tadaomi Saito

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, business.product_category, Soil salinity, Environmental engineering, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 010501 environmental sciences, Saline water, 01 natural sciences, Husk, Plough, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Paddy field, Leaching (agriculture), Drainage, business, Agronomy and Crop Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

In a monsoon climate, salt accumulates not only in drylands, but also in paddy fields during the dry season. Because natural desalinization by gravitational drainage is very difficult in paddy fields, drainage facilities are needed to remove salts from affected paddy fields. A rice husk underdrainage system (RHUS) is one applicable method. Although this system is simple and reasonable, there is an unfortunate lack of available information for its practical realization. In this study, we conducted numerical field-scale experiments with an RHUS using HYDRUS 2D/3D software to obtain information for designing such a system. Our results clarified the effect of outlet size, rice husk drain (RHD) width, and RHD gradient on the amount of discharged soil water/salts and saline water movement in the paddy field. We summarized our results as follows: (1) outlet size did not affect the system’s drainage ability; (2) small-width RHD discharged saline soil water at a greater rate than large-width RHD when using the same amount of leaching water; (3) because the RHD worked as a bypass of saline water movement from the plow layer to the lower soil layer, the amount of saline water removed from the plow layer was larger with the large-width RHD than with the small-width RHD; and (4) the large gradient of the RHD was advantageous in increasing the amount of discharged saline soil water, but the effect was small, so it appears unnecessary for practical application.

Published
2019
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10. A new scheme to optimize irrigation depth using a numerical model of crop response to irrigation and quantitative weather forecasts

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Ieyasu Tokumoto, Haruyuki Fujimaki, and Hassan M. Abd El Baki

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Net income, Irrigation, Drought, Water flow, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Agricultural engineering, Horticulture, 01 natural sciences, Arid, Computer Science Applications, Transpiration, Crop, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Irrigation management, Automated irrigation, Agronomy and Crop Science, Simulation, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Irrigation management can be improved by utilizing advances in numerical models of water flow in soils that can consider future rainfall by utilizing data from weather forecasts. Toward this end, we developed a numerical scheme to determine optimal irrigation depth on scheduled irrigation days based on a concept of virtual net income as a function of cumulative transpiration over each irrigation interval; this scheme combines a numerical model of crop response to irrigation and quantitative weather forecasts. To evaluate benefits, we compared crop growth and net income of this proposed scheme to those of an automated irrigation method using soil water sensors. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.), cv. Kintoki) was grown in 2016 in a sandy field of the Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Japan under either a non-optimized automated irrigation or the proposed scheme. Under the proposed scheme, 18% less water was applied, yield increased by 19%, and net income was increased by 25% compared with the results of the automated irrigation system. In addition, soil water content simulated by the proposed scheme was in fair agreement with observed values. Thus, it was shown that the proposed scheme may enhance net income and be a viable alternative for determining irrigation depths.

Published
2018

12. Development and Analysis of Soil Water Infiltration Global Database

Author

Mehdi Rahmati, Lutz Weihermüller, Jan Vanderborght, Yakov A. Pachepsky, Lili Mao, Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi, Niloofar Moosavi, Hossein Kheirfam, Carsten Montzka, Kris Van Looy, Brigitta Toth, Zeinab Hazbavi, Wafa Al Yamani, Ammar A. Albalasmeh, Ma'in Z. Alghzawi, Rafael Angulo-Jaramillo, Antônio Celso Dantas Antonino, George Arampatzis, Robson André Armindo, Hossein Asadi, Yazidhi Bamutaze, Jordi Batlle-Aguilar, Beatrice Bechet, Fabian Becker, Günter Blöschl, Klaus Bohne, Isabelle Braud, Clara Castellano, Artemi Cerdà, Maha Chalhoub, Rogerio Cichota, Milena Císlerová, Brent Clothier, Yves Coquet, Wim Cornelis, Corrado Corradini, Artur Paiva Coutinho, Muriel Bastista de Oliveira, José Ronaldo de Macedo, Matheus Fonseca Durães, Hojat Emami, Iraj Eskandari, Asghar Farajnia, Alessia Flammini, Nándor Fodor, Mamoun Gharaibeh, Mohamad Hossein Ghavimipanah, Teamrat A. Ghezzehei, Simone Giertz, Evangelos G Hatzigiannakis, Rainer Horn, Juan José Jiménez, Diederik Jacques, Saskia Deborah Keesstra, Hamid Kelishadi, Mahboobeh Kiani-Harchegani, Mehdi Kouselou, Madan Kumar Jha, Laurent Lassabatere, Xiaoyan Li, Mark A. Liebig, Lubomír Lichner, María Victoria López, Deepesh Machiwal, Dirk Mallants, Micael Stolben Mallmann, Jean Dalmo de Oliveira Marques, Miles R. Marshall, Jan Mertens, Félicien Meunier, Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi, Binayak P. Mohanty, Mansonia Pulido Moncada, Suzana Montenegro, Renato Morbidelli, David Moret-Fernández, Ali Akbar Moosavi, Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi, Seyed Bahman Mousavi, Hasan Mozaffari, Kamal Nabiollahi, Mohammad Reza Neyshabouri, Marta Vasconcelos Ottoni, Theophilo Benedicto Ottoni Filho, Mohammad Reza Pahlavan Rad, Andreas Panagopoulos, Stephan Peth, Pierre-Emmanuel Peyneau, Tommaso Picciafuoco, Jean Poesen, Manuel Pulido, Dalvan José Reinert, Sabine Reinsch, Meisam Rezaei, Francis Parry Roberts, David Robinson, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Otto Corrêa Rotunno Filho, Tadaomi Saito, Hideki Suganuma, Carla Saltalippi, Renáta Sándor, Brigitta Schütt, Manuel Seeger, Nasrollah Sepehrnia, Ehsan Sharifi Moghaddam, Manoj Shukla, Shiraki Shutaro, Ricardo Sorando, Ajayi Asishana Stanley, Peter Strauss, Zhongbo Su, Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Encarnación Taguas, Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira, Ali Reza Vaezi, Mehdi Vafakhah, Tomas Vogel, Iris Vogeler, Jana Votrubova, Steffen Werner, Thierry Winarski, Deniz Yilmaz, Michael H. Young, Steffen Zacharias, Yijian Zeng, Ying Zhao, Hong Zhao, and Harry Vereecken

Abstract

In this paper, we present and analyze a global database of soil infiltration measurements, the Soil Water Infiltration Global (SWIG) database, for the first time. In total, 5023 infiltration curves were collected across all continents in the SWIG database. These data were either provided and quality checked by the scientists who performed the experiments or they were digitized from published articles. Data from 54 different countries were included in the database with major contributions from Iran, China, and USA. In addition to its global spatial coverage, the collected infiltration curves cover a time span of research from 1976 to late 2017. Basic information on measurement location and method, soil properties, and land use were gathered along with the infiltration data, which makes the database valuable for the development of pedo-transfer functions for estimating soil hydraulic properties, for the evaluation of infiltration measurement methods, and for developing and validating infiltration models. Soil textural information (clay, silt, and sand content) is available for 3842 out of 5023 infiltration measurements (~76 %) covering nearly all soil USDA textural classes except for the sandy clay and silt classes. Information on the land use is available for 76 % of experimental sites with agricultural land use as the dominant type (~40 %). We are convinced that the SWIG database will allow for a better parameterization of the infiltration process in land surface models and for testing infiltration models. All collected data and related soil characteristics are provided online in *.xlsx and *.csv formats for reference, and we add a disclaimer that the database is for use by public domain only and can be copied freely by referencing it. Supplementary data are available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.885492. Data quality assessment is strongly advised prior to any use of this database. Finally, we would like to encourage scientists to extend/update the SWIG by uploading new data to it.

Published
2018
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13. Supplementary material to 'Development and Analysis of Soil Water Infiltration Global Database'

Author

Mehdi Rahmati, Lutz Weihermüller, Jan Vanderborght, Yakov A. Pachepsky, Lili Mao, Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi, Niloofar Moosavi, Hossein Kheirfam, Carsten Montzka, Kris Van Looy, Brigitta Toth, Zeinab Hazbavi, Wafa Al Yamani, Ammar A. Albalasmeh, Ma'in Z. Alghzawi, Rafael Angulo-Jaramillo, Antônio Celso Dantas Antonino, George Arampatzis, Robson André Armindo, Hossein Asadi, Yazidhi Bamutaze, Jordi Batlle-Aguilar, Beatrice Bechet, Fabian Becker, Günter Blöschl, Klaus Bohne, Isabelle Braud, Clara Castellano, Artemi Cerdà, Maha Chalhoub, Rogerio Cichota, Milena Císlerová, Brent Clothier, Yves Coquet, Wim Cornelis, Corrado Corradini, Artur Paiva Coutinho, Muriel Bastista de Oliveira, José Ronaldo de Macedo, Matheus Fonseca Durães, Hojat Emami, Iraj Eskandari, Asghar Farajnia, Alessia Flammini, Nándor Fodor, Mamoun Gharaibeh, Mohamad Hossein Ghavimipanah, Teamrat A. Ghezzehei, Simone Giertz, Evangelos G Hatzigiannakis, Rainer Horn, Juan José Jiménez, Diederik Jacques, Saskia Deborah Keesstra, Hamid Kelishadi, Mahboobeh Kiani-Harchegani, Mehdi Kouselou, Madan Kumar Jha, Laurent Lassabatere, Xiaoyan Li, Mark A. Liebig, Lubomír Lichner, María Victoria López, Deepesh Machiwal, Dirk Mallants, Micael Stolben Mallmann, Jean Dalmo de Oliveira Marques, Miles R. Marshall, Jan Mertens, Félicien Meunier, Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi, Binayak P. Mohanty, Mansonia Pulido Moncada, Suzana Montenegro, Renato Morbidelli, David Moret-Fernández, Ali Akbar Moosavi, Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi, Seyed Bahman Mousavi, Hasan Mozaffari, Kamal Nabiollahi, Mohammad Reza Neyshabouri, Marta Vasconcelos Ottoni, Theophilo Benedicto Ottoni Filho, Mohammad Reza Pahlavan Rad, Andreas Panagopoulos, Stephan Peth, Pierre-Emmanuel Peyneau, Tommaso Picciafuoco, Jean Poesen, Manuel Pulido, Dalvan José Reinert, Sabine Reinsch, Meisam Rezaei, Francis Parry Roberts, David Robinson, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Otto Corrêa Rotunno Filho, Tadaomi Saito, Hideki Suganuma, Carla Saltalippi, Renáta Sándor, Brigitta Schütt, Manuel Seeger, Nasrollah Sepehrnia, Ehsan Sharifi Moghaddam, Manoj Shukla, Shiraki Shutaro, Ricardo Sorando, Ajayi Asishana Stanley, Peter Strauss, Zhongbo Su, Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Encarnación Taguas, Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira, Ali Reza Vaezi, Mehdi Vafakhah, Tomas Vogel, Iris Vogeler, Jana Votrubova, Steffen Werner, Thierry Winarski, Deniz Yilmaz, Michael H. Young, Steffen Zacharias, Yijian Zeng, Ying Zhao, Hong Zhao, and Harry Vereecken

Published
2018
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14. Evaluation of the Effect of a Rain Pulse on the Initial Growth of Prosopis Seedlings

Author

Hiroshi Nawata, Tadaomi Saito, Tomoe Inoue, Magzoub K. Magzoub, Buho Hoshino, Ahmed M.A. Eldoma, Mohamed A. M. Abd Elbasit, Kiyotsugu Yoda, Hiroshi Yasuda, and Wataru Tsuji

Subjects
Irrigation, Prosopis juliflora, Agronomy, biology, Germination, Prosopis, Botany, Radicle, Soil Science, Wet dry cycle, biology.organism_classification, Arid
Abstract

Prosopis juliflora is a useful “multi-purpose” tree, but it invades rapidly in arid and semi-arid environments, causing livelihood degradation of local communities. A rain pulse under drought conditions has been reported to be an important factor to promote plant invasion. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of a rain pulse on the invading process of Prosopis juliflora and to propose a feasible plan to control the expansion of this species in Sudan. First, seed germination was examined under eight irrigation conditions, corresponding to 4–32 mm of rainfall. Most seeds imbibed in all the irrigation conditions, about half or more of the imbibed seeds germinated in 12 mm or more of irrigation. Twenty mm or more of irrigation induced seed emergence. Second, initial growth of germinated seeds was examined under ten irrigation conditions (1–32 mm rainfall) over 54 hours or 138 hours of cultivation. Radicle elongated most vigorously in 24 mm irrigation, and extended over 20 cm in length. Allo...

Published
2014

15. Diurnal Fluctuation of Groundwater Levels Caused by the Invasive Alien Mesquite Plant

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Mohamed A. M. Abd Elbasit, Wataru Tsuji, Hiroshi Yasuda, Hiroshi Nawata, Asaddig M. Ibrahim, Tarig E. A. Gamri, Tomoe Inoue, Takayuki Kawai, Ronny Berndtsson, and Kiyotsugu Yoda

Subjects
Agronomy, Ecology, Diurnal temperature variation, Soil Science, Sunrise, Environmental science, Introduced species, Noon, Sunset, Photosynthesis, Invasive species, Groundwater
Abstract

Invasive alien plants such as mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) alter patterns of groundwater uptake. We measured the groundwater level beneath a mesquite stand in an arid area in Sudan. The changes in groundwater level closely followed plant water uptake. The groundwater level started to decline a few hours before sunrise, recovered around noon, and then continued to decline until a few hours after sunset, before recovering again during the night. Thus, groundwater level showed two peaks: just before sunrise and around midday. The midday recovery was due to the depression of photosynthesis by heat and light.

Published
2014
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17. Predicting Soil Infiltration and Horizon Thickness for a Large-Scale Water Balance Model in an Arid Environment

Author

Koji Inosako, Tadaomi Saito, Hiroshi Yasuda, Toshinori Kojima, Hideki Suganuma, and Yukuo Abe

Subjects
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography, Planning and Development, Soil science, Land cover, Aquatic Science, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, complex mixtures, Water balance, remote sensing, lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, land cover, lcsh:TC1-978, Infiltrometer, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Vegetation and slope stability, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, lcsh:TD201-500, soil permeability, Acacia aneura, hydraulic conductivity, spatial variability, arid land, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Enhanced vegetation index, Vegetation, Arid, Infiltration (hydrology), 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science
Abstract

Prediction of soil characteristics over large areas is desirable for environmental modeling. In arid environments, soil characteristics often show strong ecological connectivity with natural vegetation, specifically biomass and/or canopy cover, suggesting that the soil characteristics may be predicted from vegetation data. The objective of this study was to predict soil infiltration characteristics and horizon (soil layer) thickness using vegetation data for a large-scale water balance model in an arid region. Double-ring infiltrometer tests (at 23 sites), horizon thickness measurements (58 sites) and vegetation surveys (35 sites) were conducted in a 30 km × 50 km area in Western Australia during 1999 to 2003. The relationships between soil parameters and vegetation data were evaluated quantitatively by simple linear regression. The parameters for initial-term infiltration had strong and positive correlations with biomass and canopy coverage (R2 = 0.64 − 0.81). The horizon thickness also had strong positive correlations with vegetation properties (R2 = 0.53 − 0.67). These results suggest that the soil infiltration parameters and horizon thickness can be spatially predicted by properties of vegetation using their linear regression based equations and vegetation maps. The background and reasons of the strong ecological connectivity between soil and vegetation in this region were also considered.

Published
2016

18. The impact of plant water uptake and recharge on groundwater level at a site in the Loess Plateau of China

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Reiji Kimura, J. Huang, Hiroshi Yasuda, Ronny Berndtsson, Jiyong Zheng, and O. Hinokidani

Subjects
Hydrology, Water resources, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Water table, Depression-focused recharge, Growing season, Environmental science, Aquifer, Groundwater recharge, Arid, Groundwater, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Shallow groundwater in unconsolidated sediments represents a substantial water resource in the Chinese Loess Plateau. However, prior to development of the water supply for agriculture, annual and seasonal fluctuation of the recharge mechanism should be clarified. Since the region is arid, the effect of plant water uptake on groundwater fluctuation must also be assessed. A study was therefore undertaken to clarify groundwater recharge together with interaction between the plant ecosystem and shallow groundwater at a field site in the Loess Plateau of China. Observations showed that recharge response of the groundwater level (GWL) was limited except for intensive rainfall during the rainy season. The main recharge to the groundwater occurred from horizontal inflow from focused recharge at the upstream end of the site. Fluctuation of the GWL produced by plant water uptake was monitored during the growing season. For seasonal fluctuation of GWL, temperature was most important, while for diurnal fluctuation of GWL during the growing season, solar radiation was most important. During the growing season, the GWL declined during the daylight hours and recovered during the night. The diurnal fluctuation was well synchronized with the solar radiation, consistent with plant-water uptake by shrubs surrounding one of the observation wells.

Published
2012
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19. Optimizing Irrigation Depth Using a Plant Growth Model and Weather Forecast

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Hassan M. Abd El Baki, and Ieyasu Tokumoto

Subjects
Plant growth, Irrigation, Yield (finance), Field experiment, 0208 environmental biotechnology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Agricultural engineering, Arid, 020801 environmental engineering, Net income, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Irrigation management, Transpiration
Abstract

Numerical models of crop response to irrigation and weather forecasts with internet access should be fully utilized in modern irrigation management. In this respect, we developed a new numerical scheme to optimize irrigation depth that maximizes net income. Net income was calculated as a function of cumulative transpiration over irrigation interval which depends on irrigation depth. To evaluate this scheme, we carried out a field experiment for groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in a sandy field of the Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Japan. Two treatments were established to compare the net income of the proposed scheme with that of an automated irrigation system. Results showed that although the proposed scheme gave a larger amount of seasonal irrigation water 28%, it achieved 2.18 times of net income owing to 51% higher yield compared to results of the automated irrigation system. This suggests that the proposed scheme would be more economical tool than automated irrigation systems to optimize irrigation depths.

Published
2018
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20. Empirical Temperature Calibration of Capacitance Probes to Measure Soil Water

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Mitsuhiro Inoue, Hiroshi Yasuda, and Haruyuki Fujimaki

Subjects
Materials science, Oscillation, Content (measure theory), Soil water, Analytical chemistry, Calibration, Soil Science, Mineralogy, Function (mathematics), Dielectric, Water content, Capacitance
Abstract

Dielectric sensors have been widely used for nondestructive determination of volumetric soil water content (θ, m 3 m ―3 ). Since the output of such sensors is affected by soil temperature (T, °C), the calibration for the effect is indispensable for accurate determination of θ. The objectives of this paper were (i) evaluation of the temperature effects on outputs of the commercial capacitance probes called ECH 2 O probes for various types of soils, and (ii) to include temperature in empirical calibration equations. Laboratory experiments were performed to obtain probe outputs at various T (5- 35°C) and θ (air-dry- near-saturation), using four soils and four probe models with different oscillation frequencies (5 and 70 MHz). The results showed that the outputs linearly responded to T at constant θ for all tested soil-probe combinations. The slope values of the linear responses to T depended on θ. The curves of the output-θ functions at a reference temperature (25°C) varied among the soils and probe models. A calibration equation describing the probe output as a function of θ and T was derived for each soil-probe combination by combining the output―θ function at the reference temperature and the slope―θ function. The derived calibration equations substantially reduced the temperature effects on the probe outputs for all soil-probe combinations. We also briefly considered the theoretical background of temperature effects on the probe outputs based on the results from the experiments and the properties of the soils tested. To demonstrate the importance of temperature calibration, the derived calibration equations were applied to two field observations from arid reasons.

Published
2009
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21. Prediction of Chinese Loess Plateau summer rainfall using Pacific Ocean spring sea surface temperature

Author

Hiroshi Yasuda, Tadaomi Saito, Xuanwen Zhang, Ronny Berndtsson, and Hisao Anyoji

Subjects
Sea surface temperature, geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, Climatology, Middle latitudes, Loess, Environmental science, Precipitation, Far East, Surface water, Water Science and Technology, Latitude
Abstract

The Loess Plateau in China constitutes in important source area for both water and sediments to the Yellow River. Thus, improved prediction techniques of rainfall may lead to better estimation of discharge and sediment content for the Yellow River. Consequently. the objective of this study was to establish better links between rainfall of the Loess Plateau in China and sea surface temperature (SST) in the Pacific Ocean. Results showed that there is a strong lagged correlation between and SST and rainfall. The SST for Micronesia and areas South of the Aleutian Islands showed significant correlations (s.f. < 0.001: 99.9%) with rainfall over the dryer region of the Loess Plateau for a lag of 4 to 6 months. The SST over the equator On the cast Pacific Ocean also showed significant negative correlation with rainfall. Low and middle latitude areas (S10-20 degrees and around 30 degrees) of the south-east Pacific Ocean displayed significant positive and negative correlation with rainfall on the semiarid Loess Plateau. The differenced SST values (positive SST minus negative SST) increased these correlation,, with rainfall. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was used to predict Summer rainfall from the differenced SST during, the spring period. The correlation between predicted and observed months), rainfall was in general larger than 0.7. This indicates that major annual rainfall (during summer season) can be predicted with good accuracy using the suggested approach. Copyright (D 2008 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.

Published
2009
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22. Calibration and Simultaneous Monitoring of Soil Water Content and Salinity with Capacitance and Four-electrode Probes

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Mitsuhiro Inoue, and Haruyuki Fujimaki

Subjects
Ecology, Moisture, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Chemistry, Soil water, Calibration, Curve fitting, Analytical chemistry, Capacitance probe, Pollution, Water content, Capacitance
Abstract

Non-destructive monitoring of soil water content (W) and the electrical conductivity of the soil solution (ECw) has been desired for environmental evaluation and sustainable agriculture. Dielectric probes and four-electrode probes are widely used for the non-destructive determination of W and the soil bulk electrical conductivity (ECb), respectively. Since the output of dielectric probes is affected by soil salinity, the calibration for the effect is indispensable for accurate determination of W. Meanwhile, four-electrode probes require the W value for determination of ECw from ECb. We present an empirical calibration method for the salinity dependence of commercial capacitance moisture probes. A four-electrode probe was also calibrated to investigate the possibility of simultaneous monitoring of W and ECw by combining each calibration equation for capacitance and four-electrode probes. A laboratory experiment was conducted using a sandy soil to obtain probe outputs at various W (air-dry-near-saturation) and ECw (0-31.9 dS m-1). The output of the capacitance probe exhibited strong, nonlinear dependence on ECw. The root mean square error (RMSE) between actual W and calculated W using the linear functions provided by the manufacturer was at a maximum of 0.162 m3 m-3. A calibration equation, describing the probe output as a function of W and ECw, was developed using curve fitting approach. The RMSE between the actual and calibrated W by this equation was at a maximum of 0.011 m3 m-3. The output of the four-electrode probe (ECb) was also expressed as a function of W and ECw. The calibration equations for each probe were combined and solved for W and ECw. Although both W and ECw were determined with acceptable accuracy, the combined calibration equation had multiple solutions for W. Development of the method to select optimal solutions will be needed for the practical application of this probe combination.

Published
2008
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24. Monitoring of Stem Water Content of Native and Invasive Trees in Arid Environments Using GS3 Soil Moisture Sensors

Author

Hiroshi Nawata, Miyu Sakurai, Kiyotsugu Yoda, Hiroshi Yasuda, Koji Inosako, Sachiko Sueki, Mohamed A. M. Abd Elbasit, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Kumud Acharya, Ahmed M.A. Eldoma, and Tadaomi Saito

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Hydrology, biology, Tamarix, Soil Science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Arid, Permanent wilting point, Agronomy, Prosopis pubescens, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Water content, Groundwater, Water use, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Dielectric soil moisture sensors have the potential for nondestructive and real-time monitoring of the stem water content (θ st ) of living trees. This study was conducted to investigate the water use characteristics of trees in drylands through monitoring of θ st using newly developed capacitance sensors (GS3). The plants used for data collection were Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. (mesquite, invasive) in Sudan and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. (tamarisk, invasive) and Prosopis pubescens Benth.(screwbean mesquite, native) in the United States. The GS3 probes were installed into the trunks of two trees for each species. Stem-specific calibration equations and temperature calibration equations were derived through laboratory experiments and analysis of field observation data. The temperature calibration equations reduced inappropriate variations of θ st caused by daily fluctuations in stem temperature, suggesting that these are essential for correct interpretation of monitoring data of θ st in arid environments. The θ st of the mesquite trees in Sudan clearly increased after heavy rainfall events and started decreasing when the soil water content became close to the wilting point. These findings indicate that mesquite trees use soil water in rainy seasons, even though they are generally considered to use groundwater through deep tap roots. The θ st of neither species in the United States responded clearly to rainfall events, indicating that they depend on shallow saline groundwater. The θ st of the tamarisk decreased monotonically throughout the monitoring period, apparently in response to feeding damage caused by the tamarisk leaf beetle ( Diohabda sp.), which had been released for biological control of tamarisk.

Published
2016
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25. Predicting Soil Infiltration and Horizon Thickness for a Large-Scale Water Balance Model in an Arid Environment.

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Hiroshi Yasuda, Hideki Suganuma, Koji Inosako, Yukuo Abe, and Toshinori Kojima

Subjects
SOIL infiltration, WATER balance (Hydrology), ECOLOGY, BIOMASS, FOREST canopies, INFILTROMETERS
Abstract

Prediction of soil characteristics over large areas is desirable for environmental modeling. In arid environments, soil characteristics often show strong ecological connectivity with natural vegetation, specifically biomass and/or canopy cover, suggesting that the soil characteristics may be predicted from vegetation data. The objective of this study was to predict soil infiltration characteristics and horizon (soil layer) thickness using vegetation data for a large-scale water balance model in an arid region. Double-ring infiltrometer tests (at 23 sites), horizon thickness measurements (58 sites) and vegetation surveys (35 sites) were conducted in a 30 km × 50 km area in Western Australia during 1999 to 2003. The relationships between soil parameters and vegetation data were evaluated quantitatively by simple linear regression. The parameters for initial-term infiltration had strong and positive correlations with biomass and canopy coverage (R2 = 0.64 – 0.81). The horizon thickness also had strong positive correlations with vegetation properties (R2 = 0.53 – 0.67). These results suggest that the soil infiltration parameters and horizon thickness can be spatially predicted by properties of vegetation using their linear regression based equations and vegetation maps. The background and reasons of the strong ecological connectivity between soil and vegetation in this region were also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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26. Calibration of Temperature Effect on Dielectric Probes Using Time Series Field Data

Author

Mitsuhiro Inoue, Hiroshi Yasuda, Tadaomi Saito, Koji Inosako, and Haruyuki Fujimaki

Subjects
Soil temperature, Chemistry, Field data, Soil water, Analytical chemistry, Soil Science, Loess plateau, Dielectric, Saturation (chemistry), Electrical impedance, Capacitance
Abstract

Dielectric sensors have been widely used for nondestructive determination of volumetric soil water content (θ). Since the output of such sensors is influenced by soil temperature ( T ), the calibration for the dependence is indispensable for accurate determination of θ. The objectives of this study were (i) to apply an existing empirical temperature calibration method for capacitance probes to other types of commercial dielectric probes and (ii) to propose a new calibration method using time series of field data that requires no laboratory experiments for temperature calibration. Laboratory experiments were performed to obtain probe outputs at various T (5– 35°C) and θ (air dry–near saturation), using two soils and seven probes. From the results, a calibration equation describing the probe output as a function of θ and T was derived for every soil–probe combination and confirmed that this method is applicable not only to capacitance probes but also to impedance and TDR probes. Time series of field data (θ and T ) had been previously monitored with ECH 2 O EC-5 and EC-20 capacitance probes in the Loess Plateau, China. Hourly outputs from the probes and T at the 5-cm depth were analyzed, and calibration equations were derived using the responses of the probe outputs to daily fluctuation of T . The derived calibration equations from the field data were in good agreement with those from laboratory experiment for both probes. The equation was applied to field data and validly removed the effect of T on the probe output.

Published
2013
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27. Calibration of Temperature Effect on Dielectric Probes Using Time Series Field Data.

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Hiroshi Yasuda, Koji Inosako, and Mitsuhiro Inoue

Subjects
TEMPERATURE effect, TIME series analysis, CALIBRATION, TIME management, DIELECTRICS
Abstract

Dielectric sensors have been widely used for nondestructive determination of volumetric soil water content (θ). Since the output of such sensors is influenced by soil temperature (T), the calibration for the dependence is indispensable for accurate determination of θ. The objectives of this study were (i) to apply an existing empirical temperature calibration method for capacitance probes to other types of commercial dielectric probes and (ii) to propose a new calibration method using time series of field data that requires no laboratory experiments for temperature calibration. Laboratory experiments were performed to obtain probe outputs at various T (5– 35°C) and θ (air dry–near saturation), using two soils and seven probes. From the results, a calibration equation describing the probe output as a function of θ and T was derived for every soil–probe combination and confirmed that this method is applicable not only to capacitance probes but also to impedance and TDR probes. Time series of field data (θ and T) had been previously monitored with ECH2O EC-5 and EC-20 capacitance probes in the Loess Plateau, China. Hourly outputs from the probes and T at the 5-cm depth were analyzed, and calibration equations were derived using the responses of the probe outputs to daily fluctuation of T. The derived calibration equations from the field data were in good agreement with those from laboratory experiment for both probes. The equation was applied to field data and validly removed the effect of T on the probe output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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29. Synthesis of 2-Methoxyinosine and Its 5'-Phosphate

Author

Yoshitaka Yamada, Izumi Kumashiro, Tadaomi Saito, and Akihiro Yamazaki

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Drug Discovery, General Chemistry, General Medicine, Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, Phosphate
Published
1969
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30. Monitoring of Stem Water Content of Native and Invasive Trees in Arid Environments Using GS3 Soil Moisture Sensors.

Author

Tadaomi Saito, Hiroshi Yasuda, Miyu Sakurai, Kumud Acharya, Sachiko Sueki, Koji Inosako, Kiyotsugu Yoda, Haruyuki Fujimaki, Abd Elbasit, Mohamed A. M., Eldoma, Ahmed M., and Hiroshi Nawata

Subjects
PLANT-water relationships, SOIL moisture measurement, DETECTORS, PROSOPIS juliflora, SALTCEDAR, MESQUITE, ARID regions, DIELECTRIC devices
Abstract

Dielectric soil moisture sensors have the potential for nondestructive and real-time monitoring of the stem water content (?st) of living trees. This study was conducted to investigate the water use characteristics of trees in drylands through monitoring of ?st using newly developed capacitance sensors (GS3). The plants used for data collection were Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. (mesquite, invasive) in Sudan and Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. (tamarisk, invasive) and Prosopis pubescens Benth.(screwbean mesquite, native) in the United States. The GS3 probes were installed into the trunks of two trees for each species. Stem-specific calibration equations and temperature calibration equations were derived through laboratory experiments and analysis of field observation data. The temperature calibration equations reduced inappropriate variations of ?st caused by daily fluctuations in stem temperature, suggesting that these are essential for correct interpretation of monitoring data of ?st in arid environments. The ?st of the mesquite trees in Sudan clearly increased after heavy rainfall events and started decreasing when the soil water content became close to the wilting point. These findings indicate that mesquite trees use soil water in rainy seasons, even though they are generally considered to use groundwater through deep tap roots. The ?st of neither species in the United States responded clearly to rainfall events, indicating that they depend on shallow saline groundwater. The ?st of the tamarisk decreased monotonically throughout the monitoring period, apparently in response to feeding damage caused by the tamarisk leaf beetle (Diohabda sp.), which had been released for biological control of tamarisk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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31. Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database

Author

M. Rahmati, L. Weihermüller, J. Vanderborght, Y. A. Pachepsky, L. Mao, S. H. Sadeghi, N. Moosavi, H. Kheirfam, C. Montzka, K. Van Looy, B. Toth, Z. Hazbavi, W. Al Yamani, A. A. Albalasmeh, M. Z. Alghzawi, R. Angulo-Jaramillo, A. C. D. Antonino, G. Arampatzis, R. A. Armindo, H. Asadi, Y. Bamutaze, J. Batlle-Aguilar, B. Béchet, F. Becker, G. Blöschl, K. Bohne, I. Braud, C. Castellano, A. Cerdà, M. Chalhoub, R. Cichota, M. Císlerová, B. Clothier, Y. Coquet, W. Cornelis, C. Corradini, A. P. Coutinho, M. B. de Oliveira, J. R. de Macedo, M. F. Durães, H. Emami, I. Eskandari, A. Farajnia, A. Flammini, N. Fodor, M. Gharaibeh, M. H. Ghavimipanah, T. A. Ghezzehei, S. Giertz, E. G. Hatzigiannakis, R. Horn, J. J. Jiménez, D. Jacques, S. D. Keesstra, H. Kelishadi, M. Kiani-Harchegani, M. Kouselou, M. Kumar Jha, L. Lassabatere, X. Li, M. A. Liebig, L. Lichner, M. V. López, D. Machiwal, D. Mallants, M. S. Mallmann, J. D. de Oliveira Marques, M. R. Marshall, J. Mertens, F. Meunier, M. H. Mohammadi, B. P. Mohanty, M. Pulido-Moncada, S. Montenegro, R. Morbidelli, D. Moret-Fernández, A. A. Moosavi, M. R. Mosaddeghi, S. B. Mousavi, H. Mozaffari, K. Nabiollahi, M. R. Neyshabouri, M. V. Ottoni, T. B. Ottoni Filho, M. R. Pahlavan-Rad, A. Panagopoulos, S. Peth, P.-E. Peyneau, T. Picciafuoco, J. Poesen, M. Pulido, D. J. Reinert, S. Reinsch, M. Rezaei, F. P. Roberts, D. Robinson, J. Rodrigo-Comino, O. C. Rotunno Filho, T. Saito, H. Suganuma, C. Saltalippi, R. Sándor, B. Schütt, M. Seeger, N. Sepehrnia, E. Sharifi Moghaddam, M. Shukla, S. Shutaro, R. Sorando, A. A. Stanley, P. Strauss, Z. Su, R. Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, E. Taguas, W. G. Teixeira, A. R. Vaezi, M. Vafakhah, T. Vogel, I. Vogeler, J. Votrubova, S. Werner, T. Winarski, D. Yilmaz, M. H. Young, S. Zacharias, Y. Zeng, Y. Zhao, H. Zhao, H. Vereecken, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences [Jülich] (IBG), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, ISMC International Soil Modeling Consortium, Institute of Bio and Geosciences Forschungszentrum Jülich, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Urmia University, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Pannonia, UAE University, Jordan University of Science and Technology [Irbid, Jordan], Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro Acadêmico do Agreste (CAA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Department of Physics (DFI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), University of Tehran, Makerere University (MAK), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Innovative Groundwater Solutions, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Eau et Environnement (IFSTTAR/GERS/EE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Centre for Water Resource Systems, Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, University of Technology, University of Rostock [Germany], Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (CSIC), Universitat de València (UV), Mount Albert Research Station, New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU), The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research (NEW ZEALAND), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering of the University of Perugia, Italy, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), UniRedentor University Center, Embrapa Solos, Ministério da Agricultura, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Maragheh, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education center, Scientific Member of Soil and Water Research Department, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Geographisches Institut, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), ARAID Researcher, Spanish National Research Council (IPE-CSIC), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología-CSIC (IPE-CSIC), Enginereed and Geosystems Analysis Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Soil, Water and Land Use Team, Wageningen Environmental Researc, Civil, Surveying and Environmental Engineering, University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Research Soil Scientist, United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Pomology Department, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Regional Research Station, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Soil Science Graduate Program (ufsm.br/ppgcs), Federal University of Santa Maria, Science and Technology of the Amazonas – IFAM, Federal Institute of Education, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, ENGIE, Earth and Life Institute - Environmental Sciences (ELIE), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Department of Environmental Sciences, Urmia Lake Research Institute, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, 2117 TAMU, College Station, Texas A&M University System, Department of Agroecology, Research Centre Foulum, Aarhus University, Shiraz University (Shiraz University ), University of Kurdistan, University of Tabriz, Department of Hydrology, Geological Survey of Brazil (CPRM), Department of Water Resources and Environment, Soil and Water Research Department, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven-Heverlee], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), GeoEnvironmental Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Extremadura, Soil Science Department, University of Panonia, Department of Soil Management, UNESCO Chair on Eremology, Ghent University, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, Soil and Water Research Institute, Instituto de Geomorfología y Suelos, Department of Geography, Universidad de Málaga [Málaga], Department of Physical Geography, Trier University, Civil Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Faculty of Agriculture, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg (GU), Rural Development Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), RiverLy (UR Riverly), Department of Agricultural and Bio-Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for land and water management research, Department of Water Resources, ITC Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Twente University, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Department of Rural Engineering, University of Córdoba, Soil Physics, Embrapa Soils, Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, University of Zanja, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Geography, Escuela Militar de Ingeniería (EMI), Engineering Faculty, Civil Engineering Department, Munzur University, Bureau of Economic Geology, John A. and Katherine G. Jackson School of Geosciences, University Station, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, ANR-11-BS56-0027,FLOODSCALE,Observation et modélisation multi-échelles pour la compréhension et la simulation des crues éclair(2011), ANR-07-VULN-0001,AVUPUR,Assessing the Vulnerability of Peri-Urban-Rivers.(2007), MEHDI RAHMATI, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran/Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, LUTZ WEIHERMÜLLER, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, SEYED HAMIDREZA SADEGHI, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, LILI MAO, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, YAKOV A. PACHEPSKY, USDA-ARS Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, JAN VANDERBORGHT, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, NILOOFAR MOOSAVI, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, HOSSEIN KHEIRFAM, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, CARSTEN MONTZKA, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, KRIS VAN LOOY, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany, ZEINAB HAZBAVI, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, BRIGITTA TOTH, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary/University of Pannonia, Keszthely, Hungary, WAFA AL YAMANI, Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi, UAE, AMMAR A. ALBALASMEH, Jordan University of Science and Technology, RAFAEL ANGULO-JARAMILLO, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, ANTÔNIO CELSO DANTAS ANTONINO, UFPE, GEORGE ARAMPATZIS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, ROBSON ANDRÉ ARMINDO, UFLA, HOSSEIN ASADI, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, YAZIDHI BAMUTAZE, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda, JORDI BATLLE-AGUILAR, INRA, AgroParisTech Thiverval-Grignon, France/IDES CNRS/Université Paris-Sud, Orsay CEDEX/Innovative Groundwater Solutions (IGS), South Australia, Australia, BÉATRICE BÉCHET, IFSTTAR, GERS, France, MA'IN Z. ALGHZAWI, Jordan University of Science and Technology, FABIAN BECKER, Freie Universität Berlin, BRENT CLOTHIER, Plant and Food Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand, WIM CORNELIS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, CORRADO CORRADINI, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, ARTUR PAIVA COUTINHO, UFPE, MURIEL BASTISTA DE OLIVEIRA, UniRedentor, Itaperuna, JOSE RONALDO DE MACEDO, CNPS, MATHEUS FONSECA DURÃES, UFLA, NÁNDOR FODOR, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, GÜNTER BLÖSCHL, Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Karlsplatz/Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, ALESSIA FLAMMINI, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, ASGHAR FARAJNIA, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Iran, IRAJ ESKANDARI, Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Maragheh, East Azerbaijan, Iran, HOJAT EMAMI, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, KLAUS BOHNE, University of Rostock, Germany, ISABELLE BRAUD, Irstea, UE RiverLy, Lyon-Villeurbanne Center, France, CLARA CASTELLANO, Pyrenean Institute of Ecology-CSIC, ARTEMI CERDÀ, University of Valencia, Spain, MAHA CHALHOUB, INRA AgroParisTech Functional Ecology and Ecotoxicology of Agroecosystems, ROGERIO CICHOTA, Plant and Food Research, Mount Albert Research Station, Auckland, New Zealand, MILENA CÍSLEROVÁ, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, YVES COQUET, INRA AgroParisTech Functional Ecology and Ecotoxicology of Agroecosystems/Université d'Orléans, CNRS, Orléans, France, HAMID KELISHADI, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, RAINER HORN, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany, EVANGELOS G. HATZIGIANNAKIS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, SIMONE GIERTZ, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany, TEAMRAT A. GHEZZEHEI, University of California, Merced, USA, MOHAMAD HOSSEIN GHAVIMIPANAH, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MAMOUN GHARAIBEH, Jordan University of Science and Technology, JUAN JOSÉ JIMÉNEZ, ARAID Researcher, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Spanish National Research Council, SASKIA DEBORAH KEESSTRA, Soil, Water and Land Use Team, Wageningen Environmental Research/the University of Newcastle, Australia, DIEDERIK JACQUES, Enginereed and Geosystems Analysis Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Mol, Belgium, MAHBOOBEH KIANI-HARCHEGANI, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MEHDI KOUSELOU, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran, MADAN KUMAR JHA, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, LAURENT LASSABATERE, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, Vaulx-en-Velin, France, XIAOYAN LI, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, MARK A. LIEBIG, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Mandan, ND, USA, DENIZ YILMAZ, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey, MICHAEL H. YOUNG, University of Texas at Austin, University Station, USA, HONG ZHAO, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, HARRY VEREECKEN, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Jülich, Germany/ISMC International Soil Modeling Consortium, Institute of Bio and Geosciences Forschungszentrum, Germany., MARÍA VICTORIA LÓPEZ, Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain, DEEPESH MACHIWAL, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Gujarat, India, DIRK MALLANTS, CSIRO Land and Water, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia, MICAEL STOLBEN MALLMANN, UFSM, JEAN DALMO DE OLIVEIRA MARQUES, IFAM, MILES R. MARSHALL, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, UK, JAN MERTENS, ENGIE Research and Technologies, Brussels, Belgium, FÉLICIEN MEUNIER, Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute-Environmental Sciences, Louvain-la Neuve, Belgium, MOHAMMAD HOSSEIN MOHAMMADI, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, BINAYAK P. MOHANTY, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, USA, MANSONIA PULIDO-MONCADA, Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Research Centre Foulum, Tjele, Denmark, SUZANA MONTENEGRO, UFPE, RENATO MORBIDELLI, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, DAVID MORET-FERNÁNDEZ, Departamento de Suelo y Agua, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei (EEAD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain, ALI AKBAR MOOSAVI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, MOHAMMAD REZA MOSADDEGHI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, SEYED BAHMAN MOUSAVI, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran, HASAN MOZAFFARI, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, KAMAL NABIOLLAHI, Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Iran, MOHAMMAD REZA NEYSHABOURI, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, MARTA VASCONCELOS OTTONI, CPRM, THEOPHILO BENEDICTO OTTONI FILHO, UFRJ, MOHAMMAD REZA PAHLAVAN-RAD, Soil and Water Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Zabol, Iran, ANDREAS PANAGOPOULOS, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Greece, STEPHAN PETH, Department of Soil Science, University of Kassel, Germany, PIERRE-EMMANUEL PEYNEAU, IFSTTAR, Bouguenais, France, TOMMASO PICCIAFUOCO, Centre for Water Resource Systems, Vienna, Austria/University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, JEAN POESEN, Catholic University of Leuven, Geo-Institute, Belgium, MANUEL PULIDO, GeoEnvironmental Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain, DALVAN JOSÉ REINERT, UFSM, SABINE REINSCH, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, UK, MEISAM REZAEI, Department of Soil Management, UNESCO Chair on Eremology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium/Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran, FRANCIS PARRY ROBERTS, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, UK, DAVID ROBINSON, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, UK, JESÚS RODRIGO-COMINO, University of Málaga, Spain/Trier University, Trier, Germany, OTTO CORRÊA ROTUNNO FILHO, UFRJ, TADAOMI SAITO, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Japan, HIDEKI SUGANUMA, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan, CARLA SALTALIPPI, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, RENÁTA SÁNDOR, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary, BRIGITTA SCHÜTT, Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Berlin, Germany, MANUEL SEEGER, Department of Physical Geography, Trier University, Germany, NASROLLAH SEPEHRNIA, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, EHSAN SHARIFI MOGHADDAM, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, MANOJ SHUKLA, Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA, SHIRAKI SHUTARO, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Science, Rural Development Division, Tsukuba, Japan, RICARDO SORANDO, Irstea, UE RiverLy, Lyon-Villeurbanne Center, France, AJAYI ASISHANA STANLEY, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria, PETER STRAUSS, Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Federal Agency for Water Management, Austria, ZHONGBO SU, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, RUHOLLAH TAGHIZADEH-MEHRJARDI, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Yazd Province, Iran, ENCARNACIÓN TAGUAS, University of Córdoba, Spain, WENCESLAU GERALDES TEIXEIRA, CNPS, ALI REZA VAEZI, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran, MEHDI VAFAKHAH, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, YING ZHAO, Ludong University, China, YIJIAN ZENG, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, STEFFEN ZACHARIAS, UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environment Research, Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Leipzig, Germany, LUBOMÍR LICHNER, Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, TOMAS VOGEL, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Republic, IRIS VOGELER, Plant and Food Research, Mount Albert Research Station, Auckland, New Zealand, JANA VOTRUBOVA, Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Republic, STEFFEN WERNER, Department of Geography, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, THIERRY WINARSKI, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, Vaulx-en-Velin, France, Jülich Research Centre, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Czech Science Foundation, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Rahmati, Mehdi, López Sánchez, María Victoria, Moret-Fernández, David, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Rahmati, Mehdi [0000-0001-5547-6442], López Sánchez, María Victoria [0000-0003-4113-0381], Moret-Fernández, David [0000-0002-6674-0453], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter (HAO Demeter), Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda] (MAK), University of Rostock, Plant & Food Research, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University [Blacksburg], Beijing Normal University (BNU), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Programa de Engenharia Civil (COC/COPPE-UFRJ), Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE-UFRJ), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)-Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ahmadu Bello University, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), College of Resources and Environmental Engineering [Yantai], Department of Water Resources, UT-I-ITC-WCC, and Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation

Subjects
Condutividade Hidráulica, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Silt, computer.software_genre, Soil, RING INFILTROMETERS, 900 Geschichte und Geografie::910 Geografie, Reisen::910 Geografie, Reisen, Hydraulic conductivity, ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY, Agricultural land, ddc:550, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY, Geosciences, Multidisciplinary, database, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, lcsh:GE1-350, Database, IN-SITU, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Geology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, PE&RC, Pedo-transfer functions, 6. Clean water, Infiltration (hydrology), HYDROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences, INFILTRATION GLOBAL DATABASE, Hidrologia, PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES, SANDY SOIL, TENSION INFILTROMETER, Ecology and Environment, Pedotransfer function, PEDOTRANSFER FUNCTIONS, Life Science, SOIL INFILTRATION MEASUREMENTS, Land surface models, Soil Water Infiltration Global database, ANALYSIS OF THE SOIL WATER, Science & Technology, Land use, Infiltration, 15. Life on land, 020801 environmental engineering, Infiltração, lcsh:Geology, Solo, Infiltration, Land surface models, Land use, Pedo-transfer functions, SWIG, Agriculture and Soil Science, Data quality, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, Earth and Environmental Sciences, INFILTROMETER MEASUREMENTS, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Hydrology, ITC-GOLD, computer
Abstract

27 Pags.- 11 Tabls.- 8 Figs. © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License., In this paper, we present and analyze a novel global database of soil infiltration measurements, the Soil Water Infiltration Global (SWIG) database. In total, 5023 infiltration curves were collected across all continents in the SWIG database. These data were either provided and quality checked by the scientists who performed the experiments or they were digitized from published articles. Data from 54 different countries were included in the database with major contributions from Iran, China, and the USA. In addition to its extensive geographical coverage, the collected infiltration curves cover research from 1976 to late 2017. Basic information on measurement location and method, soil properties, and land use was gathered along with the infiltration data, making the database valuable for the development of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for estimating soil hydraulic properties, for the evaluation of infiltration measurement methods, and for developing and validating infiltration models. Soil textural information (clay, silt, and sand content) is available for 3842 out of 5023 infiltration measurements ( ∼ 76%) covering nearly all soil USDA textural classes except for the sandy clay and silt classes. Information on land use is available for 76 % of the experimental sites with agricultural land use as the dominant type (∼ 40%). We are convinced that the SWIG database will allow for a better parameterization of the infiltration process in land surface models and for testing infiltration models. All collected data and related soil characteristics are provided online in *.xlsx and *.csv formats for reference, and we add a disclaimer that the database is for public domain use only and can be copied freely by referencing it. Supplementary data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.885492 (Rahmati et al., 2018). Data quality assessment is strongly advised prior to any use of this database. Finally, we would like to encourage scientists to extend and update the SWIG database by uploading new data to it., First author thanks the International and Scientific Cooperation Office of the University of Maragheh, Iran, as well as the research committee and board members of the university for their assistance in conducting the current work. The financial support received from the Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH is gratefully acknowledged by the first author. Parts of the database were made available through research work carried out in the framework of LIFE+ projects funded by the EC. The support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy through project CGL2014-53017-C2-1-R is acknowledged. The support of the Czech Science Foundation through project no. 16-05665S is acknowledged. The support of the Slovak Research and Development Agency through project no. APVV-15-0160 is acknowledged.

Published
2018
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