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Ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CPABE) is one of the efficient implementations of encrypted access control scheme for cloud computing. Though multiple implementations of CPABE exist, there are some issues that need to be addressed, including efficient revocation approach, decryption time, storage cost etc. In this paper, an efficient scheme that incorporates a hierarchical access structure, outsourced decryption, as well as user and attribute revocation is presented. The hierarchical access structure is utilized to encrypt multiple data using one common access structure and makes the encryption process more efficient. The outsourcing server is used to perform partial decryption, so that all heavy computations are performed by this server and less overhead is incurred by the data user. The proposed framework also integrates the evaluation of trustworthiness of data users and service providers to ensure trusted and encrypted access control procedures. The paper also presents an analysis of the time required for performing different operations. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing approaches.

Cloud Computing has become a promising paradigm to deliver different computing resources and services over the Internet on demand. The cloud users have to rely on the third party service providers for accessing services. With an increase in available cloud services, selecting an appropriate cloud service provider to deliver the service securely will be always challenging for users. The trust measure plays an important role while selecting proper service providers to handle user’s requests in the cloud environment. Hence, evaluation of the trustworthiness of the cloud service provider before selecting it to deliver the service has become an important requirement in the cloud environment. The paper presents a method to evaluate the trustworthiness of cloud service provider on the basis of it’s behavior and feedback given by the users. The various Quality of Service attributes are considered for computing behavioral trust values. The different parameters from the service level agreement are used to maintain the feedback and compute the feedback trust value for the service provider. The trustworthiness of the cloud service provider is judged by computing the cumulative trust, which is calculated using behavioral trust and feedback trust. Also, the proposed model includes a mechanism to judge the genuineness of feedback submitted by the users. The proposed method is compared with Evidence Based Trust Model and Enhanced QoS based Model to evaluate the performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

Nasser Raqe Alqhtani,1 Sarah Mohammed AlThobaiti,2 Hayat Khalid AlOwais,2 Muneera Abdulrhman Alabdulkarim,2 Reef Abdullah Aldossary,2 Nafeesa Tabassum,3 Mohammed AlOtaibi,4 Asma Almeslet5 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; 2College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Nasser Raqe Alqhtani, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, Email dr.nasser@live.co.uk Nafeesa Tabassum, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966577462974, Email nafeesatabassum8@gmail.comPurpose: Compared to the complete extraction of impacted third molars that are in close proximity to the mandibular canal, the coronectomy procedure is used as an alternative, owing to its minimal risk of damaging the Inferior alveolar nerve. Despite clear coronectomy concepts mentioned in the literature, the procedure is debatable. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards the coronectomy procedure among dentists in Saudi Arabia.Patients and Methods: The 16 close-ended questionnaire was distributed electronically to 377 dentists over the country. It included the demographic data and the options given to their patients with complicated impacted third molars, and the number of coronectomy they have performed. The retrieved data were exported and transferred to the SPSS software program for analysis. The Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were used as appropriate for comparisons. A P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Only 54 (15%) participants performed coronectomy procedure, and only 28.3% of the participants advised their patients to do coronectomy. Nearly two-thirds of the participants (71.9%) were aware of coronectomy procedures, with no significant differences (P> 0.05) between the groups. About 68.9% of the participants agreed that coronectomy aims to protect inferior alveolar nerve damage. More than 60% of participants believed that coronectomy is a reliable technique, while 40.6% of participants claimed that they were capable of deciding whether to do coronectomy or extraction. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning most of the study variables (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Knowledge of Saudi dentists towards coronectomy is good, while their attitude is still low. More learning strategies about coronectomy should be implemented.Keywords: coronectomy, impacted teeth, knowledge, attitude, inferior alveolar nerve damage, complicated exodontia, third molars

Cloud computing is being rapidly adopted by many organizations from different domains and large amounts of data is stored in the cloud. In order to ensure data security, the attribute-based access control mechanism has been emerging recently as a fine-grained access control model that grants access based on the data user’s attributes. In this model, the data owner builds the access policy using the attributes of the data users and access to the data is granted only if the requirements of such an access policy are satisfied. Ciphertext policy-based attribute-based encryption (CPABE) is one of the most widely used methods for providing encrypted access control. Complex, time consuming and costly paring operations are the major issue with the CPABE method. Hence, another efficient method is needed to reduce the data user’s overhead while decrypting data. This paper presents an efficient method consisting in outsourcing decryption operations to a third-party server, so that complex operations may be performed by that machine with only some simple calculations left on the data user’s side. The concept of a hierarchical access structure is also integrated with the traditional CPABE technique. The hierarchical approach enables the data owner to encrypt multiple data using a single common hierarchical access structure. This allows the user to decrypt only the relevant part of ciphertext, depending on which fragment of the hierarchical access structure is satisfied. The paper evaluates also the performance of the proposed model in terms of time and storage cost.

OBJECTIVE: Dental healthcare personnel face the potential danger of being exposed to infectious patients while administering local anesthesia injections during dental operations. This could lead to unintentional transfer of infectious diseases from patients to physicians. Although safety measures such as the One-hand-scoop technique and the use of safety syringes, plastic needle cap holders, and needles with safety caps are in place, there have been instances of needle stick injuries reported in clinics. This might be due to the lack of adherence to conventional safety measures or the impracticality of safety techniques and safety syringes. This article aims to demonstrate the utilization of dental tweezers, specifically London College tweezers or dental forceps, for the secure recapping of needles, eliminating the requirement for extra equipment or devices. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: After obtaining ethical approval (Approval No.: 024-01-2024) from the College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, 67 dental professionals, with consent for participation in the study, were included. They were requested to use dental tweezers/London College tweezers and dental extraction forceps such as maxillary anterior, mandibular anterior, and maxillary bayonet root forceps individually to recap the local anesthetic needles. The efficacy of these techniques was evaluated against the onehand scoop technique for its ease, convenience, and reliability in preventing needle stick injuries. RESULTS: The evaluation of dental professionals regarding the ease of using dental tweezers to recap needles, compared to the one-hand scoop technique (p=0.592), maxillary bayonet root forceps (p=0.746), mandibular anterior forceps (p=0.380), and maxillary anterior forceps (p=0.808), did not yield statistically significant results. The assessment of the procedural simplicity of the one-hand scoop technique showed a satisfaction rate of over 40%, whereas the application of dental tweezers resulted in a satisfaction rate of 30%. However, the use of dental tweezers for needle recapping resulted in a satisfaction rate of over 50%, compared to a satisfaction rate of 30% for the one-handed scoop technique. CONCLUSIONS: There is no statistically significant difference in the assessment of the efficacy of dental tweezers and the one-hand scoop technique, bayonet root forceps, mandibular anterior forceps, maxillary anterior forceps, and dental tweezers for the needle capping technique. Therefore, dental forceps can be used instead of the one-handed scoop approach. The needle recapping procedure outlined in our study, aimed at preventing needle stick injuries, is simple to implement, and all dental specialties have convenient access to the required instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Many conditions can affect eye health, and even those that do not cause vision impairment can produce pronounced morbidity. In this study, we have investigated the pattern of eye diseases at an eye out patient department (OPD) in a rural set up. Materials and methods: Eye OPD runs fortnightly at Rural Health Training Centre of Department of Community Medicine, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, India. Record from clinic register and patient files from the year 2016 to 2022 was accessed. Data was entered in SPSS version 20.0 software and analysed. Results: A total of 694 patients were enrolled in the study. Common ocular morbidities were refractive error (29.5%), presbyopia (21.6%), cataract (16.9%), pterygium (10.2%), conjunctivitis (8.9%) and corneal conditions (4.3%). Prevalence of refractive error was almost same in both male (30.6%) and female (33.1%). Presbyopia was significantly (p

Abstract A novel two-parameter continuous model titled the entropy-transformed Weibull (ET-W) distribution has been developed via the entropy transformation. A new framework has been investigated and found to meet the criteria of the probability function. By significantly improving the functional shape and having the ability to model the most likely form of the hazard rate function, this novel modification has increased the adaptability of typical model. Some of its core characteristics, such as its statistical and computational features, are simply and clearly presented. To examine the ultimate performance of maximum likelihood estimators during the process of estimating model parameters, a comprehensive simulation analysis has been conducted. The effectiveness of the suggested distribution is illustrated through the modeling of real datasets.

Erythemato-squamous diseases (ESDs), also known as erythrodermas, are a group of dermatological disorders characterized by both redness (erythema) and scaling (squamous) of the skin. These conditions can have various causes and implications. The implications of ESDs vary depending on the specific condition and its severity. While some may cause mild symptoms and have minimal impact on daily life, others can be chronic, recurrent, and significantly affect a person's physical and emotional well-being. Treatment options for these conditions may include topical medications, oral medications, phototherapy, and lifestyle modifications. In this paper, state of art machine learning (ML) algorithms is implemented for classification of ESD. To classify the disease a set of 11 clinical features and 23 histopathological features are considered. The performance of the ML classifiers is analyzed with individual sets of features and combination of both. Further, the performance of the ML classifiers is analyzed at different training rates to know the superior classifier for ESD classification. Furthermore, the study is extended to investigate the effectiveness of the Kruskal-Wallis algorithm in ranking the importance of features in the dataset used for disease classification. An investigation depicts that Ensemble and SVM classifiers outperformed the other ML classifiers in terms of accuracy and F1-score.

The bivariate FGM Entropy-Transformed model is a new, flexible family of generalized bivariate distributions based on the FGM copula. The bivariate FGM Entropy-Transformed Weibull model is a new model that we developed based on the FGM copula and Entropy-Transformation. A number of structural statistical properties, such as marginals, conditional distribution, conditional expectation, product moments, moment generating function, reliability function, and hazard rate function, have been inferred from our proposed bivariate family. It is possible to determine the parameters of the model using the maximum likelihood estimation method. Asymptotic confidence intervals are developed as well for the parameter model. We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed bivariate distribution by performing an extensive Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, the data set analysis demonstrates the practical applicability of the proposed bivariate family.

OBJECTIVE: There is an abundance of information on facelifts, blepharoplasties, rhinoplasty, and other cosmetic surgical procedures for the upper third of the face, but little is known about perioral lip rejuvenation. The aim of this article is to examine the existing literature on lip rejuvenation and perioral procedures related to lip rejuvenation. Additionally, this article aims to highlight the importance of addressing perioral areas alongside lip rejuvenation procedures, rather than solely focusing on lip rejuvenation. We also discussed the extensive procedures and materials used for lip rejuvenation, such as hyaluronic acid, botulinum toxin A, abobotulinum, onabotulinum, incobotulinum, prabobotulinum, fat grafts, silicone fillers, human collagen, collagen stimulating procedures such as derma pens and derma rolls, radiation frequency, stem cells, and plasma therapy, as well as the underlying factors that contribute to varying success rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A thorough literature search was done using PubMed, Cochrane, Ebsco search, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science for the articles pertaining to facial and lip cosmetic surgeries 1995-2020. Keywords for the search included anatomy of the face, facial aging, perioral areas, lip rejuvenation, botox, grafts, facelift, plastic surgery, stem cell therapy, plasma treatment, and cosmetic surgery. RESULTS: 37 articles met the study criteria. 14 out of 37 studies included procedures for lip and perioral region rejuvenation. The remaining 23 studies either involved lip procedures alone or lip procedures in conjunction with facial cosmetic procedures. Lip rejuvenation with perioral enhancement with hyaluronic acid gel demonstrated a 94.3% improvement on the lip fullness scale (LFS) one month after re-treatment. The amalgamation of lip and perioral region rejuvenation produces a synergistic effect. Whereas, sole lip rejuvenation procedures showed shortterm results with less patient satisfaction, calling for secondary lip rejuvenation procedures. It was also observed that hyaluronic acid was the most commonly used agent for lip rejuvenation procedures with minimal or no side effects. CONCLUSIONS: In conjunction with perioral rejuvenation, lip rejuvenation procedures produce more aesthetically appealing results. However, any cosmetic surgical or non-surgical procedure is limited by the nature and composition of the products used. The use of FDA-approved products for rejuvenation is strongly advised to avoid undesirable side effects. Further extensive research is required on the long-term outcomes and adverse effects of stem cell transplants, such as tumor development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Physical inactivity (PI) is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and is potentially modifiable. Understanding its sociodemographic correlates can contribute in planning preventive measures to reduce the same. Aims and Objectives: 1) To estimate the prevalence of PI among adults aged 20–60 years and 2) to identify the sociodemographic determinants of PI among adults. Material and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was done in district Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. 304 adults aged 20–60 years, giving informed consent were selected by simple random sampling. Pregnant women and those with febrile disease and physical defect were excluded. Predesigned structured proforma and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire were used. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied using IBM SPSS 23.0. Results: Prevalence of PI was 47.7% (95% CI: 42.0–52.6). It was significantly higher in urban (55.3% vs 41.1%) than in rural area and among females than in males (68.7% vs 34.9%). PI during work was 74.3%, during travel 78.9%, and during recreation 88.5%. Being female increased odds of PI by almost ten times (adjusted odds atio (AOR) =9.7, 95% CI: 1.6–58.5). Unskilled workers/laborers and farmers (those involved in active occupational work) were found to have lesser odds of PI (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5 and AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.01–0.6, respectively). Conclusion: PI is highly prevalent among adults. Targeted interventions to increase physical activity in recreational domain are recommended, specially in urban areas and among women. Further studies to explore barriers to physical activity are needed to address this problem.

Background The aim of the study was to describe pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), total gestational weight gain (TGWG), and trimester-specific gestational weight gain (TSGWG) among Asian Indians and examine their association with adverse fetomaternal outcomes (AFMO). Methods Using a prospective cohort study design, 557 pregnant women were recruited in the first trimester and followed up until delivery. Maternal BMI, TGWG and TSGWG were assessed and categorised according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) Asia Pacific BMI guidelines and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, respectively. Maternal clinical characteristics and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were assessed to predict AFMO. Logistic regression models in univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The median BMI was 23.5 kg/m2. Moreover, 24.6% were overweight and 31.2% were obese, according to WHO Asia Pacific BMI cut points. The mean TGWG was 10.8 ± 1.9 kg and the mean TSGWG in the first, second and third trimesters were 1.7 ± 0.7 kg, 4.3 ± 1.1 kg and 4.8 ± 1.2 kg, respectively. We found a significant association of BMI, TGWG and TSGWG with various AFMO. Furthermore, excess third-trimester GWG has been demonstrated as a predictor of adverse maternal outcomes like hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Our study reinforces the importance of optimal BMI and TGWG and further emphasises on assessment of TSGWG, which allows for early diagnosis of weight deviations, when prompt interventions can still improve pregnancy outcomes. We also suggest the adoption of BMI categories and GWG recommendations, specific to the socio-demographic characteristics of the population, to optimise the prevention, early diagnosis, and timely management of AFMO.

Chemically reactive squeezing flows play a crucial role in various industrial and engineering processes, such as in polymer manufacturing, chemical reactors, and biofluid mechanics, where precise control over fluid behavior is essential for optimizing product quality and efficiency. Current study has focused on the chemically reactive squeezing fluid flow through a non-Darcy medium due to a stretching surface, employing response surface methodology. This research investigates the heat and mass transfer processes under convective conditions and non-linear stratification, with an emphasis on enhancing heat transfer through the incorporation of radiation effects. The non-linear governing system is solved numerically using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order method (RK-4) combined with the shooting technique. Critical parameter variations are illustrated through graphical representations, highlighting their impact on the relevant fields. The Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and skin friction coefficient are computed numerically for various parameter settings. Additionally, a comprehensive statistical analysis is conducted, utilizing the correlation coefficient and probable error to assess the influence of governing input variables on the output parameters of interest. The study also includes a sensitivity analysis, revealing that the sensitivities of the heat transport rate to the radiation parameter and thermal stratification parameter increase with higher Biot numbers. The high R2 and R2−adj values, being close to unity, indicate that the proposed model demonstrates a robust empirical relationship between the responses and independent factors for both local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers.

From the last few years power demanding is increasing as per load requirement. The condition of power demand is not accompanied by only generation and transmission of electricity. Many industrial power plants are running on higher capacity to fulfill load requirement. There are many issues such as voltage instability and power quality which led to many power plants. In distributed generation generators are distributed asynchronous type and mostly affected by the reactive power. They basically cannot generate reactive power but draws away from the power system. It causes the voltage drop to the consumer side which may be not acceptable. Then reactive power management is essential for reducing those problems and provides continuity of electricity to the consumers. Distributed generation systems and FACTS devices are converting conventional power grid into smart grid. Reactive power compensation is now challenging issue to preserve adequate power quality and improve the performance of distribution system. There are many FACTS devices such as we can control power factor of the circuit and reactive power compensation. Many researchers have focused on behavior of FACTS device in an unbalanced condition and majority work is done only with DSTATCOM. This paper deals with different FACTS devices in grid systems with analysis and overview of D-FACTS devices. Hence in this paper, applications of various D-FACTS devices have been described to find location of compensation devices for reliable operation.

When software systems are introduced, they are typically deployed in field environments similar to those used during development and testing. However, these systems may also be used in various other locations with different environmental conditions, making it challenging to improve software reliability. Factors such as the specific operating environment and the location of bugs in the code contribute to this difficulty. In this paper, we propose a new software reliability model that accounts for the uncertainty of operating environments. We present the explicit closed-form mean value function solution for the proposed model. The model's goodness of fit is demonstrated by comparing it to the nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) model based on Weibull model, using four sets of failure data sets from software applications. The proposed model performs well under various estimation techniques, making it a versatile tool for practitioners and researchers alike. The proposed model outperforms other existing NHPP Weibull based in terms of fitting accuracy under two different methods of estimation and provides a more detailed and precise evaluation of software reliability. Additionally, sensitivity analysis shows that the parameters of the suggested distribution significantly impact the mean value function.

In survival and stochastic lifespan modeling, numerous families of distributions are sometimes considered unnatural, unjustifiable theoretically, and occasionally superfluous. Here, a novel parsimonious survival model is developed using the Bilal distribution (BD) and the Kavya-Manoharan (KM) parsimonious transformation family. In addition to other analytical properties, the forms of probability density function (PDF) and behavior of the distributions' hazard rates are analyzed. The insights are theoretical as well as practical. Theoretically, we offer explicit equations for the single and product moments of order statistics from Kavya-Manoharan Bilal Distribution. Practically, maximum likelihood (ML) technique, which is based on simple random sampling (SRS) and ranked set sampling (RSS) sample schemes, is employed to estimate the parameters. Numerical simulations are used as the primary methodology to compare the various sampling techniques.