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Objective: Gestational diabetes during pregnancy causes many adverse effects in mothers and affects them in various aspects. The aim is to investigate the impact of gestational diabetes during the course of pregnancy on patients' quality of life, depression and anxiety levels, and sexual functions. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 131 third-trimester pregnant women (healthy pregnant women: 79, patients with GDM: 52) by using the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) between September 2020 and August 2021. The patients with GDM were then divided according to their treatment strategies (Lifestyle Modification: 43 and Insulin Therapy: 9) for further evaluations. Results: Healthy pregnant women have a higher score (69.30±14.68) on the general health domain of WHOQOL-BREF than patients with GDM (63.22±18.25) with statistical significance (p=0.037). The Insulin Therapy Group has a significantly (p=0.008) lower psychological health score (60.18±18.05) on the psychological health domain of WHOQOL-BREF than the Lifestyle Modification Group (76.06±15.05). There was no significant difference in FSFI, BAI, BDI, and other domains of WHOQOL-BREF scores between the two groups and treatment strategies. Conclusion: Suffering from GDM or using different treatment options has no impact on patients' quality of life, levels of depression or anxiety, or sexual function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is a complex infectious mass of the adnexa, which is treated by antibiotherapy or surgery. Antibiotherapy failure may occur during TOA treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of TOA size and serum biomarkers on the requirement for surgical intervention. Material and Methods: Eighty-four patients over five years in our clinic were evaluated. TOA size and laboratory values such as hemoglobin, white blood cell count, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, albumin, neutrophil, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and if antibiotics were switched to another treatment protocol or changed to a surgical approach, were also reported. Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocytelymphocyte ratio (MLR) were also used to evaluate medical therapy failure and the requirement for surgery. Results: Eighty-four patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of TOA, 13 of them required surgery due to antibiotherapy failure and the surgical intervention rate was calculated as 15.47%. Platelet count and TOA size were found to be statistically significantly higher and hospital stay was found to be statistically significantly longer in the surgery group. CRP and other laboratory values did not have a statistically significant difference between groups. Among the indexes, only PLR had a statistically significant prediction value (p=0.020). Conclusion: TOA volume and PLR were found to be effective predictors in antibiotherapy failure and surgical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare vaginal progesterone and oral dydrogesterone for luteal phase support in intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles. Material and Methods: This study was conducted with patients who applied to the Infertility Clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at İstanbul Medeniyet University Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital between June 2021 and December 2021. In this prospective cohort study, 109 IUI cycles of 49 patients were examined. Vaginal progesterone (Progestan® 200 mg Soft Capsule, Koçak Farma) 1×200 mg was given to 54 cycles in the control group, and oral dydrogesterone (Duphaston® 10 mg Film Tablet, Abbott) 2×10 mg was given to 55 cycles in the study group. Results: Eleven (20.4%) pregnancy test results in the vaginal progesterone group and six (11.1%) pregnancy test results in the dydrogesterone group were found to be positive. There was no significant difference between vaginal progesterone and dydrogesterone groups in terms of end-of-cycle pregnancy positivity, including the subgroup analyses for treatment type and infertility etiology (p>0.05). As a result of univariate analyses, it was determined that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was negatively correlated with end-of-cycle pregnancy positivity (OR: 0.547; 95%CI: 0.328-0.913; p=0.021). One unit increase in FSH level reduces pregnancy positivity by 54%. According to the results of multivariate analysis, one unit increase in FSH level reduces pregnancy positivity by 56%, but it is not statistically significant (OR: 0.565; 95%CI: 0.315-1.012; p=0.055). Conclusion: Although there were higher pregnancy rates in patients who used vaginal micronized progesterone for luteal phase support in IUI cycles, compared to patients who used oral dydrogesterone, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The coronavirus-2019 pandemic has led to the deaths of many people in the world. Due to the changing physiology in pregnant patients, there is no consensus on the management of the disease. The effects of the disease have decreased over time with the changing virus variants and the spread of the vaccine during the pandemic. Material and Methods: 231 pregnant patients hospitalized and treated in our clinic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection between April 2020 and April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Patients were divided into three groups according to the time of occurrence of possible variants. Group 11 (n=99) includes patients with pre-delta, group 2 (n=79) delta, and group 3 (n=53) omicron variants. Considering the vaccine distribution, there is no vaccinated individual in group 1. Individuals in group 2 who are vaccinated in 2 doses have the highest percentage as 42% and group 3 has the highest percentage as 66% (p<0.01). Steroid administration to improve respiratory parameters was mostly preferred in patients in groups 1 and 2 (78–57%) (p=0.022). O2 support was found to be statistically significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 compared to group 3. The number of patients who needed O2 support was found to be lower in group 3 than in the other groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of maternal mortality and morbidity, delivery type, or caesarean section indications. When the length of hospital stay was compared, it was found to be the lowest in group 3 (p<0.001). Fetuses in group 3 had the least need for a neonatal intensive care unit. Conclusion: We think that the management of infectious respiratory diseases during pregnancy should be with a multidisciplinary and holistic perspective. More scientific studies should be conducted on the management of pregnant patients against the potential danger of a new pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cadmium, lead, and vanadium, important pollutants produced from anthropogenic activities, have been suggested to be embryotoxic and fetotoxic in many studies. However, the causes of preeclampsia are little known and heavy metals merit further investigation. We tested whether late-onset preeclampsia (L-PrE) was associated with exposure to these metals. This study was designed to determine maternal plasma cadmium, lead, and vanadium concentrations in women with L-PrE (n = 46) compared with those of normotensive women (n = 46). The concentrations of the metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and compared. The groups were matched for maternal age, gestational age, and gravidity (p ≥ 0.05). Vanadium concentrations differed between the groups (p = 0.007). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the concentrations of cadmium and lead between the groups (p ≥ 0.05). There was no difference between the concentrations of the metals in patients with mild (n = 23) and severe (n = 23) preeclampsia in L-PrE (p ≥ 0.05). A significant discriminative role of vanadium for the presence of L-PrE, with a cutoff value of 1.84 µg/L, was found in ROC curve analysis. When the patients with and without small-for-gestational-age infants were compared (n = 12, and n = 80, respectively), it was determined that there were no differences between cadmium, lead, and vanadium concentrations (p ≥ 0.05). Lower levels of vanadium might be associated with the development of L-PrE. Our findings require further investigation in other populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preeclampsia (PE), the primary pathology of which is endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, has long-lasting effects such as cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it was decided to investigate the maternal serum concentrations of EC-specific molecule-1 in patients with early-onset preeclampsia (E-PE). This study was conducted on 33 pregnant women with E-PE and 35 healthy pregnant women matched for gestational age. EC-specific molecule-1 level was measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The mean EC-specific molecule-1 concentrations were not significantly different between the groups (651.7 ± 632.2 pg/mL vs. 425.9 ± 263.0 pg/mL, p=.056). Among women with E-PE, the median EC-specific molecule-1 concentration did not differ significantly by disease severity (p=.115). EC-specific molecule-1 is not involved in the pathogenesis of E-PE. However, some studies in the literature report that EC-specific molecule-1 concentrations increased during the diagnosis of PE. Therefore, well-designed studies with a large sample are needed in cases of E-PE. What is already known on this subject? There is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in early-onset preeclampsia (E-PE) which is linked with endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cell (EC)-specific molecule-1 stands out as an important marker in EC dysfunction related conditions such as preeclampsia. What the results of this study add? This study showed that EC-specific molecule-1 is not associated with the CVDs risk linked with endothelial dysfunction in E-PE. Additionally, there was also no significant relationship was detected between the severity of E-PE and EC-specific molecule-1 concentrations. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 is not involved in the pathogenesis of E-PE. Moreover, advantageous and easy-to-measure markers are needed in larger sample studies to better understand the aetiology of E-PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). A relationship between cardiovascular disease and endocan levels has been shown. Endocan is a marker that is prominent in many diseases caused by endothelial dysfunction and can be measured in the blood. POI is also associated with endothelial dysfunction. The causes of POI include chromosomal and genetic defects, autoimmune processes, chemotherapy, radiation, infections and surgery, but many are unidentified (idiopathic). This study aimed to evaluate serum endocan levels in women with idiopathic POI. The blood for analysis was obtained at the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and endocan levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. There were 38 patients with idiopathic POI in the study group and 39 healthy subjects in the control group. The median ages of the women were not significantly different between the groups 34 [7] years vs. 34 [7] years, respectively (p =.862). The median endocan level was not different in the POI and control group 769 [727] vs. 1077 [403] pg/mL, respectively (p =.603). Endocan is not associated with the cardiovascular diseases risk linked with endothelial dysfunction in idiopathic POI. Clinical trial number: NCT03932877 (Clinicaltrials.gov) What is already known on this subject? There is an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) due to the decreased level of oestrogen, which is linked with endothelial dysfunction. What do the results of this study add? This study showed that endocan is not associated with the cardiovascular disease risk linked with endothelial dysfunction in idiopathic POI. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? A marker to be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with POI could facilitate in improving the quality of life of these patients. Moreover, advantageous and easy-to-measure markers are needed in larger sample studies to better understand the cardiovascular diseases risk in POI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Gynecological Endocrinology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)