Search

Turkish folk music is considered an important musical genre with its deeprooted historical past, musical richness and wide repertoire. Its rich repertoire and musical structure is a rich resource for both those who want to learn music in a theoretical sense and performers. The bağlama also makes great use of this rich resource. This research focuses on producing etudes for baglama from TRT Turkish folk music repertoire works in the form of playing mood. In this study, which was conducted with qualitative research methods, the document analysis model was used. In the research, the work entitled Cirit Air, number 27 of the TRT Turkish folk music repertoire, was taken as an example. A total of 7 etudes from 5 motifs were derived from this work. These studies show the finger positions of those who want to learn baglama performance, local manners, basic performance techniques (ornamentation, legato, etc.), aims to improve fast and technical playing. As a result of the research, finger pressure, the development of the Ankara attitude, various position combinations, ornamentation, the development of legato (striking, pulling) techniques, studies for the development of fast and technical playing were produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT)，the use of radiopharmaceuticals to target and irradiate tumour cells，has become an important method for cancer treatment. The radiolanthanide Lutetium-177 (177Lu) is a medium-energy beta radionuclide with a suitable electron energy range for treatment of small tumors，and has been widely used in clinical targeted radionuclide therapy. The radiolanthanide terbium-161 (161Tb) isotope has similar decay properties，biochemical properties，and in vivo characteristics to 177Lu，and it releases more Auger electrons and internal conversion electrons than 177Lu. It has been proposed，and preclinically demonstrated，that 161Tb is a better alternative to 177Lu for the treatment of small prostate cancer lesions. According to the conferences and published articles on nuclear medicine in recent years，more and more attention has been paid to the preparation of 161Tb nuclides and the development of its labeled drugs in the field of radiopharmaceuticals. However，there is no mature production process for 161Tb internationally，which has seriously hindered the clinical research of 161Tb-labeled drugs. Currently，there are two main methods for the preparation research of 161Tb. One is to produce 161Tb through an accelerator，and the other is to produce carrier-free 161Tb using a high-throughput reactor or a fission neutron source via the reaction 160Gd(n，γ)161Gd→161Tb. Commercial production of 161Tb using an accelerator is very difficult. The most common method internationally is to irradiate enriched 160Gd2O3 target material with a reactor or a fission neutron source to produce carrier-free 161Tb. According to the investigation，there are several research institutes or companies at home and abroad are carrying out relevant research on the preparation of 161Tb. Chengdu Gaotong Isotope Co.，Ltd. (CNNC) used enriched 160Gd2O3 target material irradiated by a reactor with neutron flux of about 1-2×1014 n·cm−2·s−1 to separate a large amount of irradiated 160Gd by a two-column method to prepare no carrier-added 161TbCl3 nuclide solutions. Chengdu Gaotong Isotope Co.，Ltd. has carried out many experiments on the preparation of 161Tb from 160Gd target material enriched. After separation and purification，the radionuclide purity，radiochemical purity and activity of 161TbCl3 nuclide solution were detected by high purity germanium gamma spectrometer，activity meter and other instruments and equipment. The results showed that the radionuclide solution of 161TbCl3 with radionuclide purity greater than or equal to 99.9%，radiochemical purity greater than 99% and chemical purity was obtained after the separation and purification of 161Gd target material enriched by irradiation in the reactor.

Since around 2005, Türkiye has focused on establishing close relations with African countries, spanning politics, economics, culture, and media. This study aims to briefly touch upon the transformation of press and media in Africa and examine Türkiye's initiatives in the African media landscape, particularly since 2005. This original work aims to serve as a guide for both media professionals and decision-makers in Türkiye's foreign policy. Additionally, it seeks to ensure that the country's media relations with African countries are based on a solid foundation. Due to the broad scope of the subject, Türkiye's media initiatives have been analyzed under separate headings. Moreover, Türkiye's steps in media relations with African countries, especially since 2005, have been investigated. To gather information on the topic, news articles, official statements, agreements signed by Türkiye with African countries in the media field, and decisions made during this process have been examined. Upon examination of the country's media relations with African countries, it is observed that various initiatives have been taken, particularly since 2008. These relations in the media field have seen an upward trend through the 2020s. However, there is a need for further steps to be taken, particularly in areas such as the employment of African media professionals and collaboration in the media field, as well as producing more content related to Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Our previous work introduced and evaluated a standard for surface absorbed dose rate per unit radioactivity to water from unsealed alpha‐emitting radionuclides used in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). An overall uncertainty over 4.0% at k = 1 was reported for the absorbed dose to air measurements, which was partially attributed to the rotational alignment uncertainty in the geometrical setup. Purpose: A printed circuit board (PCB) with a segmented guard was constructed to align the extrapolation chamber (EC) and the source plates using a differential capacitance technique. The PCB EC aimed to enhance the repeatability of the ionization current measurements. The PCB EC was evaluated using a thin film 210Po source. The measured absorbed dose to air cavity was compared with the Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. Using the extrapolation method, the surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated. Methods: The PCB EC was constructed with a 4.50 mm diameter collector surrounded by four sectors and a guard electrode. The sectors were isolated for rotational alignment and later connected to the guard for ionization current measurements. A bridge circuit measured differential capacitance between opposing sectors, and a hexapod motion stage rotated the source substrate to minimize the differential capacitance. The EC was evaluated using a 210Po source with a 3.20 mm diameter and 1.253 μ$\mu $Ci radioactivity. MC simulations were performed to calculate the kpoint${k}_{point}$, kbackscatter${k}_{backscatter}$, and kdiv${k}_{div}$ correction factors. Ionization current measurements were performed for air gaps in the 0.3–0.525 mm range and surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated. Results: Rotational offsets of up to 3.0° were found and the current repeatability was found to increase with the absorbed dose to air uncertainty calculated to be ∼2.0%. Using the capacitance method, the effective EC diameter was measured to be 4.53 mm. The recombination, polarity, and electrometer corrections were reported to be within 1.00% across all measurement trials. The MC‐calculated correction factors were calculated to be much larger than the recombination and polarity correction factors. The average kpoint${k}_{point}$, kbackscatter${k}_{backscatter}$, and kdiv${k}_{div}$ corrections were calculated to be 1.063, 0.9402, and 2.136, respectively. The MC‐calculated absorbed dose to air was found to overestimate the absorbed dose by over 4.00% when compared with the measured absorbed dose to air. The surface absorbed dose rate to water was calculated to be 2.304×10−6$2.304 \times {10}^{ - 6}$ Gy/s/Bq with an overall uncertainty of 4.07%. Conclusions: The constructed PCB EC was deemed suitable as an absorbed dose standard. A repeatable rotational alignment was achieved using the differential capacitance technique. The metal electrodes on the PCB made a difference of < 1.00% on the backscatter correction when compared to the EC comprised of polystyrene‐equivalent collector. A 20% difference in the surface absorbed dose rate to water was found between the two ECs, which is attributed to the cavity diameter differences leading to different magnitudes of dose fall‐off along the lateral direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Previous work has demonstrated a deficiency in urology resident education when it comes to andrology and male infertility. We analyzed the top 100 most frequently cited and influential articles published on testosterone deficiency and its associated therapy, allowing trainees and clinicians to review and understand the characteristics of impactful literature for self-directed learning purposes. Methods: The ISI Web of Knowledge database was used to find articles on testosterone deficiency, hypogonadism, and replacement therapies. Relevant, peer-reviewed, English articles were included. Article details, including title, citation count, publication year, and more, were gathered. Articles were classified based on content (e.g. clinical outcomes, anatomy, and trends) using defined criteria. Results: The top 300 most cited were reviewed with 100 included. The most cited article had 774 citations, averaging 234 in the top 100. Publication years had peaks in 2003–2004 and 2006–2007. The US led in publications (56), followed by England (16), Germany (14), and Italy (13). Common affiliations included US Department of Veteran Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, RIC Research Education Clinical Center, and University of California System. Articles were categorized as LOE 2 (47), LOE 1 (22), and LOE 5 (21). Articles focused on clinical outcomes (71.7%), anatomy/biomechanics/physiology (14.1%), clinical guidelines (8.1%), and screening (4%). The " Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism " published 26 of the top 100 cited articles. Conclusions: This analysis highlights influential articles regarding testosterone deficiency and management. The discussed articles have significant clinical and therapeutic implications for the practicing urologist which may bolster deficits in current resident education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A short review of the studies carried out at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (BINP SB RAS) on the photon neutralization of the beams of negative ions is presented. The principal distinctive feature of the presented approach consists in the nonresonant accumulation of photons in a limited space. Their confinement is based on the adiabatic motion of photons in a system of concave mirrors, which is insensitive to the quality of the injected radiation. An analysis is carried out of the possibility of using the neutralizer based on such a nonresonant photon trap in large-scale installations such as ITER and TRT, and a future experiment is described on the photon neutralization using a beam of negative hydrogen ions with energy up to 130 keV and a current of about 10 mA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibilities of using active neutral particle diagnostics for measuring local ion temperatures and isotopic ratio of deuterium-tritium plasma at the tokamak with reactor technologies are considered. Options for positioning the neutral particle analyzer relative to the diagnostic injector are presented. The fluxes of deuterium and tritium atoms escaping out of plasma were simulated in a wide range of plasma densities and temperatures. It is shown that the neutral particle analyzer active diagnostics will make it possible to measure the plasma parameters mentioned with the spatial and time resolutions of ~14 cm and ~0.01–0.1 s, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the possibility of using the Doppler backscattering (DBS) diagnostic to aid the Tokamak with Reactor Technologies (TRT) with its mission, and also offers ways of installing it in TRT, including the possible technical characteristics of the system. One of the most important advantages of DBS implementation is the ability to investigate various areas of plasma. This requires selecting an appropriate range of probing frequencies to match the scenarios and density profiles expected in TRT. Aspects and advantages of different ways of implementing DBS in the tokamak are discussed. Possible hardware, design and arrangement of the antenna system are presented. There are also system limitations that need to be considered specifically for TRT. The propositions for DBS on TRT are supported by calculations of ray tracing and diagnostic resolution. The wave number values of plasma fluctuations that the system could detect are also estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of carrying out measurements of plasma parameters in a tokamak with reactor technologies (TRT) by means of the technique based on the Stark effect by resolving the spectrum of the split lines of Balmer series emitted by fast hydrogen atoms injected into plasma is analyzed. The code containing the models of emission applicable for the high-temperature tokamak plasma, along with the library of functions for the ray-tracing simulation of geometric optics, was used. Simulation of spectra of active neutral beam emission and plasma emission, both as a result of charge exchange on beam atoms and passive one, taking into account reflections from the plasma facing vessel elements, allowed determining parameters of the diagnostic injector and relative position of the light-collection systems and heating injectors for which the useful and background spectra could be separated. The signal gathered by the detector is simulated. The shape of the visual angle along the line of sight, optical properties of the lens materials, the instrumental function of the spectral device, the sensor characteristics, and statistical noise of the signal are taken into consideration. Based on the obtained results, a preliminary concept of the motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic for the tokamak with reactor technologies is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the main problems of designing a thermonuclear tokamak reactor, such as the experimental demonstration of quasi-stationary thermonuclear burning, generation of non-inductive quasi-stationary current; development of plasma technologies and materials of the first wall and divertor, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ITER is being designed, projects of DEMO demonstration reactors are being developed, and a Tokamak with Reactor Technologies TRT is being developed in Russia. The main components of the ITER (superconducting electromagnetic system (EMS) made of Nb3Sn and NbTi, the first wall of W coated with a low-Z material, systems for additional plasma heating, experimental modules of a breeder blanket, plasma control systems, etc.) and TRT (EMS of high-temperature superconductors, first wall options of W with B4C coating, TiB2–AlN composite and liquid metal lithium, additional heating and quasi-stationary non-inductive current drive systems, innovative divertor, experimental breeder and hybrid blanket modules, reactor-compatible diagnostics and remote plasma control systems, etc.) technology platforms are presented. The technological platforms of the ITER being under construction and the TRT being designed contain an almost complete, according to modern understanding, set of technologies for the future thermonuclear reactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thomson scattering of the core edge and divertor plasma regions of a tokamak with reactor technologies is discussed. The rationale and choice of technical solutions are given, the composition of the Thomson scattering diagnostic complex is discussed, as well as an estimate of the accuracy of measuring both electron temperature and density. Particular attention is paid to ensuring the functionality of the proposed diagnostics in the reactor mode of the tokamak operation and the results of testing diagnostic equipment in the experiments on Globus-M2 tokamak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a concept of the ECE diagnostic for the TRT facility and estimates the achievable measurement parameters in the baseline scenario. The target spectral region for the diagnostic corresponds to the first harmonic of the ECR frequency in ordinary polarization (O1) and the second harmonic in extraordinary polarization (X2). It is proposed to carry out measurements from the low-field side along two lines of sight: radial and toroidally oblique. The accessible spectral region in terms of the normalized radial coordinate is approximately estimated as –0.9 to 0.9 and –0.1 to 0.9. It is proposed to shape the input wave beam by means of a quasi-optical focusing system that provides a transverse size of the resolved region of approximately 3–5 cm for O1 and 1.2–3 cm for X2. For measurements, it is proposed to use Fourier transform spectrometers with a time resolution of about 10 ms and multichannel heterodyne receivers with a time resolution of about 1 μs. The minimum radial size of the resolved region is estimated to be 3–5 cm for O1 and 2–4 cm for X2, depending on the coordinate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shows the effective clearance and safe treatment for a novel Picosecond Laser with shortest pulse width in treatment sessions with 4 patients. Conclusion: Picosecond lasers with very short pulse length can enable a more effective and painless treatment than nanosecond Lasers for black and colored tattoos and in some cases, it is possible to clear tattoos with fluences of a lesser scale than with nanosecond domain pulses. Our cases show better clearance in less treatment sessions compared to other lasers with which we have gained experience in our practice. The MOA (Mechanism of action) allows a safe and effective treatment with lower fluences, as a result decreasing the thermal energy transfer to surrounding tissues and minimizing the risk of scarring and reducing the patient’s pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Economic & Social Research is the property of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gumushane Universty Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Communication / Gümüshane Üniversitesi Iletisim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi is the property of Gumushane Universitesi Iletisim Fakultesi Elektronik Dergisi (e-GIFDER) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is an emerging field and has the potential to become a major pillar in effective cancer treatment. Several pharmaceuticals are already in routine use for treating cancer, and there is still a high potential for new compounds for this application. But, a major issue for many radiolabeled low-to-moderate-molecular-weight molecules is their clearance via the kidneys and their subsequent reuptake. High renal accumulation of radioactive compounds may lead to nephrotoxicity, and therefore, the kidneys are often the dose-limiting organs in TRT with these radioligands. Over the years, different strategies have been developed aiming for reduced kidney retention and enhanced therapeutic efficacy of radioligands. In this review, we will give an overview of the efforts and achievements of the used strategies, with focus on the therapeutic potential of low-to-moderate-molecular-weight molecules. Among the strategies discussed here is coadministration of compounds that compete for binding to the endocytic receptors in the proximal tubuli. In addition, the influence of altering the molecular design of radiolabeled ligands on pharmacokinetics is discussed, which includes changes in their physicochemical properties and implementation of cleavable linkers or albumin-binding moieties. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of chelator and radionuclide choice on reabsorption of radioligands by the kidneys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the relationship between testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and arterial and/or venous thrombosis in patients with pre-treatment total testosterone (TT)

Television broadcasting develops new forms of distribution with the technological developments. With the inclusion of online opportunities in distribution, new strategies gain importance and current broadcasting activities require a 360-degree strategy. Broadcasters continue to operate on multiple platforms and adopt a 360-degree strategy in order to adapt to changing conditions. This study aims to reveal the activities and broadcasting strategies of the Turkish public service broadcaster TRT in the changing conditions of the sector. The importance of the study is to determine the impact of technological developments on the broadcasting industry. The literature review section analyses the 360-degree strategy and transformation of public service broadcasters with online distribution. Based on the previous studies in the literature, the public service broadcaster TRT from Turkey was taken as a sample. The case research method was used to study the TRT sample. Categories of broadcast distribution formats were created within the framework of the defined 360-degree strategy, and TRT's broadcasting activities were examined under these categories. The most general result obtained as a result of the research is that TRT broadcasts in a wide distribution network and uses on-demand services at a high rate.

The use of language in digital discourse for marketing has rapidly developed through mass media. This paper elucidates how advertisers employ various pragmatic strategies to persuade the recipient to act (behavior) by purchasing specific products. This study utilized different theoretical and conceptual frameworks (Theory of Reasoned Action and Aristotle's Models of Persuasion) to address the shortcomings of the social cognitive approach in studying persuasion, to investigate how language of advertisements can influence the recipient's thinking of a product from a psychological perspective. Guided by the principles of TRA, the present study argues that persuasion in advertisements is structured by three dimensions: attraction (through language features and appeals), evaluation (through beliefs, attitudes, and intention), and behavior (social acceptance or reluctance). This study revealed eight persuasion techniques employed by advertisers including demonstrating distinction, honoring commitment, expressing authority, hyperbolizing, glorification, providing proofs, expressing solidarity, and proving success. Showing distinction and Honoring commitment were the most frequently used strategies. Additionally, the study found that strategies of persuasion involved ethical, logical, and emotional appeals for their large effect on the recipient as they contribute to the recipient's positive evaluations. Appealing to reasoning (logic) is the most common one in slogans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an increasingly popular therapeutic option, testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has gained significant notoriety for its health benefits in indicated populations, such as those suffering from hypogonadism. Benefits such as improved libido, muscle mass, cognition, and quality of life have led to widened public interest in testosterone as a health supplement. No therapy exists without side effects; testosterone replacement therapy has been associated with side effects such as an increased risk of polycythemia, benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH), prostate cancer, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, and infertility. Testosterone replacement therapy is often accompanied by several prophylactic co-therapies aimed at reducing the prevalence of these side effects. Literature searches for sections on the clinical benefits and risks associated with TRT were performed to include clinical trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews from the last 10 years. Data from clinical studies over the last decade suggest that the benefits of this therapy outweigh the risks and result in overall increased quality of life and remission of symptoms related to hypogonadism. With this in mind, the authors of this review suggest that carefully designed clinical trials are warranted for the investigation of TRT in symptomatic age-related hypogonadism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Türkiye’de televizyon yayıncılığı Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumunun (TRT) 31 Ocak 1968 tarihinde Ankara’da gerçekleştirdiği deneme yayınıyla resmen başladı. Televizyon yaygınlaştıkça kitleler üzerindeki etkisi de fark edildi. 1971 Muhtırasını yapan kadronun ilk iş olarak TRT’nin özerkliğini kaldırması, televizyonun siyasi gücünün farkına varıldığını gösteriyordu. 2 Ağustos 1974 tarihinden itibaren, TRT sürekli olarak Kıbrıs Barış Harekâtı ile ilgili haber ve belgesellere yer verdi, bu sayede televizyon Türkiye açısından milli olarak kabul edilen bir konuyu tüm Türkiye’ye ve dünyaya duyurarak rüştünü ispatlamış oldu. Aynı şekilde, 1970'li yıllar, Süleyman Demirel ve Bülent Ecevit'in neredeyse her gece televizyon aracılığıyla halka hitap edip bir platforma dönüştü. Böylece, 1970’li yıllarda televizyonun politizasyonu süreci de başladı. 1970’li yıllar boyunca, televizyon bir propaganda aracı olarak nasıl kullanıldı? Televizyonun propaganda aracı olarak kullanılmasının yasal zemini nasıl oluştu? Bu makale, söz konusu sorulara cevaplar aramayı ve bundan hareketle Türk siyasi hayatına dair sonuçlar çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Makale, TRT Arşivi, dönemin süreli yayınları ve arşiv belgeleri ışığında televizyonun propaganda işlevi ve bunun yasal çerçevesini analitik bir şekilde değerlendirilmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) has recently seen a surge in popularity with the use of radionuclides conjugated to small molecules and antibodies. Similarly, immunotherapy also has shown promising results, an example being chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy in hematologic malignancies. Moreover, TRT and CAR-T therapies possess unique features that require special consideration when determining how to dose as well as the timing and sequence of combination treatments including the distribution of the TRT dose in the body, the decay rate of the radionuclide, and the proliferation and persistence of the CAR-T cells. These characteristics complicate the additive or synergistic effects of combination therapies and warrant a mathematical treatment that includes these dynamics in relation to the proliferation and clearance rates of the target tumor cells. Here, we combine two previously published mathematical models to explore the effects of dose, timing, and sequencing of TRT and CAR-T cell-based therapies in a multiple myeloma setting. We find that, for a fixed TRT and CAR-T cell dose, the tumor proliferation rate is the most important parameter in determining the best timing of TRT and CAR-T therapies.

Copyright of Art & Interpretation / Sanat ve Yorum is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The improvement in treatment strategies and outcomes in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has lagged behind other cancers. The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), durvalumab and atezolizumab, to the platinum-based chemotherapy in frontline setting has improved the survival in extensive stage SCLC, (ES-SCLC), albeit modestly, and is now the new standard of care. Prior to advent of immunotherapy into the therapeutic armamentarium in ES-SCLC, consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) was associated with improved thoracic control and survival outcomes. In the era of ICIs, the role of TRT is not well defined, chiefly because TRT was not incorporated in any immunotherapy trials, secondly due to concerns regarding the increased risks of pneumonitis, and finally uncertain magnitude of benefit with this combined approach. In principle, radiation can increase in the immunogenicity of tumor and hence the activity of immune checkpoint blockade, thereby increasing efficacy both locally and distantly. Such an approach has been promising in non-small cell lung cancer with ICIs improving outcomes after concurrent chemoradiation, but remains unanswered in ES-SCLC. It is, thus, possible that the modest improvement in survival by addition of ICIs to chemotherapy in ES-SCLC can be further improved by the incorporation of consolidative TRT in selected patients. Several early phase trials and retrospective studies have suggested that such an approach may be feasible and safe. Prospective trials are ongoing to answer whether adding radiation therapy to chemoimmunotherapy will improve outcomes in ES-SCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of nuclear medicine, the β+ -emitting 43Sc and β− -emitting 47Sc are promising candidates in cancer diagnosis and targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) due to their favorable decay schema and shared pharmacokinetics as a true theranostic pair. Additionally, scandium is a group-3 transition metal (like 177Lu) and exhibits affinity for DOTA-based chelators, which have been studied in depth, making the barrier to implementation lower for 43/47Sc than for other proposed true theranostics. Before 43/47Sc can see widespread pre-clinical evaluation, however, an accessible production methodology must be established and each isotope's radiolabeling and animal imaging capabilities studied with a widely utilized tracer. As such, a simple means of converting an 18 MeV biomedical cyclotron to support solid targets and produce 43Sc via the 42Ca(d,n)43Sc reaction has been devised, exhibiting reasonable yields. The NatTi(γ,p)47Sc reaction is also investigated along with the successful implementation of chemical separation and purification methods for 43/47Sc. The conjugation of 43/47Sc with PSMA-617 at specific activities of up to 8.94 MBq/nmol and the subsequent imaging of LNCaP-ENZaR tumor xenografts in mouse models with both 43/47Sc-PSMA-617 are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pop müziğin 1950’li yıllardan itibaren gelişimi ve yaygınlaşması, müzik ve radyo yayıncılığı arasındaki ilişkiyi dönüştüren önemli bir unsur olmuştur. Bu dönüşüm, özellikle yayıncılık alanında kamu tekellerinin olduğu Avrupa ülkelerinde belirginleşmiştir. Pop müzik, kamu hizmeti yayıncılarının popüler müzik türleri karşısındaki tutumlarını ve daha genelde de hâkim yayıncılık anlayışlarını sorgulayan bir sürecin ortaya çıkışında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Bu bağlamda, Türkiye’de “hafif Batı müziği” olarak adlandırılan bu türün, 1950’li yıllardan itibaren gelişip yaygınlaşmasının radyo yayıncılığı açısından taşıdığı anlamı sorgulamak önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 1950’li yıllardan 1970’lere kadar olan süreçte pop müziğin gelişiminin resmî kültür politikaları temelinde biçimlenen radyo ve müzik ilişkisini nasıl etkilediği araştırılmaktadır. Pop müziğin radyolarda yer alışının, radyo yayıncılığının kurumsal ve kültürel konumlanışı açısından taşıdığı anlam sorgulanmaktadır.

Abstract Background Unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors report low life satisfaction and high levels of mental health problems, nevertheless they often do not seek or receive help for their problems. Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) is a low-threshold, five sessions intervention developed to reduce distressing war- and disaster-related trauma reactions among children and youth. In this study, we investigate if TRT can contribute to increased life satisfaction among unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors. Methods Asylum-seeking and resettled unaccompanied minors participated in TRT carried out in 15 locations throughout Norway, n = 147, mean age = 16.61 (SD = 1.80), 88% boys, and 67% from Afghanistan. Life satisfaction was measured by the Cantril Ladder before the intervention, and two- and eight weeks post-intervention. We also included indices of intervention compliance and contextual variables, such as asylum status. We applied a pre- and post-intervention design with linear mixed model analyses to investigate change in life satisfaction. Results Life satisfaction significantly increased from pre- to post- intervention, but not for youth whose asylum application had been rejected or who were still awaiting a decision. Indices of intervention compliance were associated with an increase in life satisfaction. Conclusions TRT is a potential useful intervention to enhance life satisfaction among unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors and can be a measure to support positive development among youth at risk for mental health problems. However, TRT initiatives should consider the participant’s stage of asylum process, because harsh immigration policies may overburden the coping capacity. Without further adaptation, TRT seems most useful for youth granted residence. The manual has been revised to include asylum-related stressors. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (16/54,571, registered 30.01.2019).

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been used to treat hypogonadal males with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for a long time, despite variable results. This meta-analysis examines TRT’s role in hypogonadal males with T2DM. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant RCTs and observational studies. Estimated pooled mean differences (MDs) and relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were used to measure the effects of TRT (CIs). When compared to the placebo, TRT improves glycemic management by significantly reducing glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) levels (WMD = −0.29 [−0.57, −0.02] p = 0.04; I2 = 89.8%). Additionally, it reduces the homeostatic model assessment levels of insulin resistance (WMD = −1.47 [−3.14, 0.19]; p = 0.08; I2 = 56.3%), fasting glucose (WMD = −0.30 [−0.75, 0.15]; p = 0.19; I2 = 84.4%), and fasting insulin (WMD = −2.95 [−8.64, 2.74]; however, these results are non-significant. On the other hand, HBA1c levels are significantly reduced with TRT; in addition, total testosterone levels significantly increase with testosterone replacement therapy (WMD = 4.51 [2.40, 6.61] p = 0.0001; I2 = 96.3%). Based on our results, we hypothesize that TRT can improve glycemic control and hormone levels, as well as lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels while raising HDL cholesterol in hypogonadal type 2 diabetes patients. To this end, we recommend TRT for these patients in addition to standard diabetes care.

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is an emerging field and has the potential to become a major pillar in effective cancer treatment. Several pharmaceuticals are already in routine use for treating cancer, and there is still a high potential for new compounds for this application. But, a major issue for many radiolabeled low-to-moderate-molecular-weight molecules is their clearance via the kidneys and their subsequent reuptake. High renal accumulation of radioactive compounds may lead to nephrotoxicity, and therefore, the kidneys are often the dose-limiting organs in TRT with these radioligands. Over the years, different strategies have been developed aiming for reduced kidney retention and enhanced therapeutic efficacy of radioligands. In this review, we will give an overview of the efforts and achievements of the used strategies, with focus on the therapeutic potential of low-to-moderate-molecular-weight molecules. Among the strategies discussed here is coadministration of compounds that compete for binding to the endocytic receptors in the proximal tubuli. In addition, the influence of altering the molecular design of radiolabeled ligands on pharmacokinetics is discussed, which includes changes in their physicochemical properties and implementation of cleavable linkers or albumin-binding moieties. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of chelator and radionuclide choice on reabsorption of radioligands by the kidneys.

Copyright of Engineering Management & Technology Discussion is the property of Omniscient Pte. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: FAP is a membrane-bound protease under investigation as a pan-cancer target, given its high levels in tumors but limited expression in normal tissues. FAP-2286 is a radiopharmaceutical in clinical development for solid tumors that consists of two functional elements: a FAP-targeting peptide and a chelator used to attach radioisotopes. Preclinically, we evaluated the immune modulation and anti-tumor efficacy of FAP-2287, a murine surrogate for FAP-2286, conjugated to the radionuclide lutetium-177 (177Lu) as a monotherapy and in combination with a PD-1 targeting antibody. Methods: C57BL/6 mice bearing MCA205 mouse FAP-expressing tumors (MCA205-mFAP) were treated with 177Lu-FAP-2287, anti-PD-1, or both. Tumor uptake of 177Lu- FAP-2287 was assessed by SPECT/CT scanning, while therapeutic efficacy was measured by tumor volume and survival. Immune profiling of tumor infiltrates was evaluated through flow cytometry, RNA expression, and immunohistochemistry analyses. Results: 177Lu-FAP-2287 rapidly accumulated in MCA205-mFAP tumors leading to significant tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and longer survival time. Significant TGI was also observed from anti-PD-1 and the combination. In flow cytometry analysis of tumors, 177Lu-FAP-2287 increased CD8+ T cell infiltration which was maintained in the combination with anti-PD-1. The increase in CD8+ T cells was accompanied by an induction of STING-mediated type I interferon response and higher levels of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD86. Conclusion: In a preclinical model, FAP-targeted radiotherapy enhanced anti-PD-1-mediated TGI by modulating the TME and increasing the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. These findings provide a rationale for clinical studies of combined 177Lu-FAP-2286 radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition in FAP-positive tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of high vibration and low efficiency of TRT rotor, the dynamic characteristics of TRT rotor are studied. The geometric modeling of the rotor is carried out by using 3D software UG, and imported into Ansys Workbench to establish a finite element analysis model; the rotor dynamic characteristics-modal, critical speed and steady-state unbalanced response are calculated and analyzed. On this basis, the finite element model is used to analyze the influence of different supporting stiffness and supporting positions on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor, and tested on the high-speed rotor test room. Research shows, the difference between calculation and test results is within 3%; the finite element analysis results can truly reflect the dynamic characteristics of the rotor. Both support stiffness and support position have a significant impact on the first and second order critical speed of the rotor. In the unbalance response, the most sensitive position of the first order is the second stage blade position, and second order is the position of the head（coupling）. A reference for the calculation and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of other rotors of the same type is provided.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are caused by higher tension at the bladder neck level (due to fibrosis or stiffness) or benign prostatic hyperplasia, which causes static obstruction of the bladder outlet. Both forms cause a group of symptoms such as hesitancy, intermittency, weak stream, nocturia, urine frequency, and urgency. Additionally, LUTS (obstructive or irritative symptoms) are common in elderly men with hypogonadism, identified as the reduced testes capability in producing sex steroids and sperm, and are categorized as testosterone deficiency. Even though the mode of action (MoA) of testosterone therapy (TTh) on hypogonadal men needs more researched and understanding, the effectiveness of TTh in the development of male genital organs has been reported in several studies. This review shows the latest updates of TTh in LUTS including potential adverse effects, advantages, and disadvantages.

Background: Unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors report low life satisfaction and high levels of mental health problems, nevertheless they often do not seek or receive help for their problems. Teaching Recovery Techniques (TRT) is a low-threshold, five sessions intervention developed to reduce distressing war- and disaster-related trauma reactions among children and youth. In this study, we investigate if TRT can contribute to increased life satisfaction among unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors. Methods: Asylum-seeking and resettled unaccompanied minors participated in TRT carried out in 15 locations throughout Norway, n = 147, mean age = 16.61 (SD = 1.80), 88% boys, and 67% from Afghanistan. Life satisfaction was measured by the Cantril Ladder before the intervention, and two- and eight weeks post-intervention. We also included indices of intervention compliance and contextual variables, such as asylum status. We applied a pre- and post-intervention design with linear mixed model analyses to investigate change in life satisfaction. Results: Life satisfaction significantly increased from pre- to post- intervention, but not for youth whose asylum application had been rejected or who were still awaiting a decision. Indices of intervention compliance were associated with an increase in life satisfaction. Conclusions: TRT is a potential useful intervention to enhance life satisfaction among unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors and can be a measure to support positive development among youth at risk for mental health problems. However, TRT initiatives should consider the participant's stage of asylum process, because harsh immigration policies may overburden the coping capacity. Without further adaptation, TRT seems most useful for youth granted residence. The manual has been revised to include asylum-related stressors. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (16/54,571, registered 30.01.2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been used to treat hypogonadal males with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for a long time, despite variable results. This meta-analysis examines TRT's role in hypogonadal males with T2DM. The databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant RCTs and observational studies. Estimated pooled mean differences (MDs) and relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were used to measure the effects of TRT (CIs). When compared to the placebo, TRT improves glycemic management by significantly reducing glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) levels (WMD = −0.29 [−0.57, −0.02] p = 0.04; I2 = 89.8%). Additionally, it reduces the homeostatic model assessment levels of insulin resistance (WMD = −1.47 [−3.14, 0.19]; p = 0.08; I2 = 56.3%), fasting glucose (WMD = −0.30 [−0.75, 0.15]; p = 0.19; I2 = 84.4%), and fasting insulin (WMD = −2.95 [−8.64, 2.74]; however, these results are non-significant. On the other hand, HBA1c levels are significantly reduced with TRT; in addition, total testosterone levels significantly increase with testosterone replacement therapy (WMD = 4.51 [2.40, 6.61] p = 0.0001; I2 = 96.3%). Based on our results, we hypothesize that TRT can improve glycemic control and hormone levels, as well as lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels while raising HDL cholesterol in hypogonadal type 2 diabetes patients. To this end, we recommend TRT for these patients in addition to standard diabetes care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 2000s, the television industry in Turkey has emerged as a transnational business and as one of the largest TV program exporters worldwide. However, Turkish television is still largely national in its production practices and content, and thus, highly vulnerable to the domestic political landscape and media regulations of the government. In the last two decades, rather than endorsing the independent growth of this emerging industry in the international markets, the Turkish government has erected barriers by tightening censorship and passing new regulations to control national television and its content production. The AKP government deployed various state apparatuses, including Turkey's public broadcasting channel (TRT), English language news channel (TRT World), and the regulatory agency Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) to foster the type of television content that can ideologically serve the AKP's conservative and neo-Ottomanist agendas. Drawing on the political economy of media and through critical analysis, this paper analyzes how these state mechanisms are used to instrumentalize TV exports and media institutions in service of President Erdoğan's cultural, economic, and foreign policy agendas within the country and abroad. By investigating the tension between the state's ideological project and the regional, transnational, and global mediasphere, our work sheds light on how the implementation of the government's new media and cultural policies, top-down directives and pressures from the state and government on both the TV industry and its audience, and South-to-South cultural flows have shaped the Turkish TV industry and its content in the last two decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Etkileşim: Academic Journal of Uskudar University Faculty of Communication is the property of Etkilesim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara University SBF Journal / Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi is the property of Ankara University SBF Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Simple Summary: Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) delivers cancer-selective radiopharmaceuticals to eradicate cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. The recent development of combinatory treatments is a growing research field in nuclear medicine to enhance cancer cytotoxicity of TRT. Among promising combinatorial strategies, this review focuses on the rationale, efficacy, and safety of targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) to improve systemic radiation with radiolabeled ligands in cancer patients. Radioligand therapy (RLT) represents an effective strategy to treat malignancy by cancer-selective delivery of radioactivity following systemic application. Despite recent therapeutic successes, cancer radioresistance and insufficient delivery of the radioactive ligands, as well as cytotoxicity to healthy organs, significantly impairs clinical efficacy. To improve disease management while minimizing toxicity, in recent years, the combination of RLT with molecular targeted therapies against cancer signaling networks showed encouraging outcomes. Characterization of the key deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways revealed their convergence to activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), in which signaling plays an essential role in the regulation of cancer growth and survival. Therapeutic interference with hyperactivated mTOR pathways was extensively studied and led to the development of mTOR inhibitors for clinical applications. In this review, we outline the regulation and oncogenic role of mTOR signaling, as well as recapitulate and discuss mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibition to improve the efficacy of RLT in cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Erciyes Communication / Erciyes İletişim Dergisi is the property of Erciyes University, Faculty of Communication / Erciyes Universitesi Iletism Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Late Onset Hypogonadism (LOH) is a disease associated with advancing age, characterized by symptoms and a deficiency in serum testosterone. It is important to choose which patient suitable for testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), but there is no one consensus that fits for all. After treating patients with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), several parameters need to be evaluated. A 74-years old male came with chief complaint of difficulty to maintain erection since 2 years ago. PADAM questionnaire was positive, and IIEF-5 score was 6. Physical examination showed an underweight condition. Total testosterone level was 3,65ng/mL, and patient chose to be given TRT instead of evaluating his free testosterone. PDE-5 inhibitor and non-pharmacologic treatment was also given. Follow-up showed that his erection was improved. At which level should testosterone be substituted is still debatable. Several consensuses issued by several organization still cannot be used universally. Study in Indonesia showed that symptoms of LOH had been occur when the testosterone level still in normal range. After giving TRT to our patients, routine follow up is needed. Non pharmacologic treatment also needs to be addressed to improve the outcome. Symptoms of LOH had been occurred even though testosterone level is still in normal range. The consideration made by clinician is the most important thing to be evaluated, whether to give TRT or not. Somatic and laboratory parameters mentioned in this study is important to be evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel application of retaining wall anchors as heat exchangers is proposed as an alternative or complement to pile geothermal exchangers. A fullscale in-situ study using anchors and piles was performed. Thermal response tests (TRT) were carried out in both types of systems. The installation process of the heat exchanger anchor is shown and results of the in-situ tests are compared in terms of their thermal parameters and performance. We demonstrate that the installation of required pipes is possible in the anchors with no mechanical interference during its installation and after anchor tensioning. The results show that the use of heat exchanger anchors is a valid alternative, with thermal performance similar to more common energy piles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are caused by higher tension at the bladder neck level (due to fibrosis or stiffness) or benign prostatic hyperplasia, which causes static obstruction of the bladder outlet. Both forms cause a group of symptoms such as hesitancy, intermittency, weak stream, nocturia, urine frequency, and urgency. Additionally, LUTS (obstructive or irritative symptoms) are common in elderly men with hypogonadism, identified as the reduced testes capability in producing sex steroids and sperm, and are categorized as testosterone deficiency. Even though the mode of action (MoA) of testosterone therapy (TTh) on hypogonadal men needs more researched and understanding, the effectiveness of TTh in the development of male genital organs has been reported in several studies. This review shows the latest updates of TTh in LUTS including potential adverse effects, advantages, and disadvantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The choice of plasma contact materials and configurations for power fusion reactors is still not obvious. The tokamak with reactor technologies (TRT) under construction should help resolve this issue. Therefore, the most complete study of the effect of plasma on the tokamak divertor for various types of discharges and an analysis of their consequences are of great importance. Divertor probes are devices that measure thermal and corpuscular flows toward the surface of a divertor and/or record the results of their impact on the divertor. They have found wide application in fusion facilities. The features, advantages, and disadvantages of the divertor probes presented in literature, as well as cases of using samples of materials or devices to solve individual problems to which divertor probes are applicable are discussed in this work. A preliminary design and thermal calculations of the divertor probe for the TRT tokamak are presented, which, according to the authors, is capable of performing a set of measurements that make it possible to draw a conclusion about the mechanisms and regularities of processes on the divertor surface depending on the parameters and conditions of plasma irradiation, as well as to speed up the determination of optimal materials and modes of plasma irradiation of divertor tiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spectrometer for fast charge exchange atoms is presented for diagnosing the plasma of the tokamak with reactor technologies (TRT). It is equipped with diamond detectors integrated into the neutral beam injection system. The preferred schematic of their mutual arrangement is shown, as well as the schematic of observation lines. The resources are shown of the multichannel spectrometer with diamond detectors in terms of studying the efficiency of additional heating of the TRT plasma. The results of calculations are presented of the signals of diamond detectors planned to be used in the spectrometer and its application efficiency is estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A project of a gamma-ray spectrometric system for diagnosing fast particles in the TRT tokamak plasma is described. The organizational concept of gamma spectrometric measurements is proposed. Preliminary results of calculating the intensities of gamma ray lines of hydrogen, deuterium, and deuterium–tritium plasmas are presented, which demonstrate the possibility of obtaining information about the energy and spatial distribution of fast ions with a time resolution of 1–10 s when using a multidetector system. Runaway electrons can be observed by hard X-ray emission from the tokamak plasma in the megaelectronvolt range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]