871 results on '"TRIBOLOGÍA"'
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2. Influence of Thermal Aging on the Sliding Wear of a Biocomposite Material Reinforced with Bamboo Fibers.
- Author
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Blanco, Eudi, Fajardo, Jorge I., Carrasquero, Edwuin J., Urbina, Caribay, López, Luis M., and Cruz, Luis
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COUPLING agents (Chemistry) ,MECHANICAL wear ,MALEIC anhydride ,NATURAL fibers ,WEAR resistance - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Ingeniería e Investigación is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ingenieraia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF COPPER REINFORCEMENT ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PARTS OBTAINED BY FUSED FILAMENT FABRICATION.
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Batista-Ponce, Moisés, Salguero-Gómez, Jorge, del Sol Illana, Irene, Ramírez-Peña, Magdalena, and Vázquez-Martínez, Juan-Manuel
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COPPER ,FIBERS ,MANUFACTURING processes - Abstract
The excellent tribological properties of copper are well known, therefore it is commonly used in components whose tribological characteristics have a high impact. Thanks to the characteristics of Additive Manufacturing it is possible to manufacture parts incorporating copper particles. However, the main mechanical studies are related to performance under tensile-compression or bending conditions and the tribological properties remain understudied and this means that there is no knowledge of the possible performance of parts obtained using additive techniques with these particles. For this reason, this article proposes to carry out a study on a polymeric Additive Manufacturing process, specifically, Fused Filament Manufacturing, which is the most widely used process at present and where it is possible to obtain thermoplastic matrix filaments with different types of reinforcements. In this case, a reinforcement of metallic nature will be chosen, such as copper particles, where the properties of this material will be exploited. The aim is to find out how the basic manufacturing parameters, layer thickness and temperature, influence the tribological behaviour of the parts obtained with this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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4. Plasma electrolytic oxidation technology for the development of high-performance coatings on cast Al-Si alloys
- Author
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Afonso Alves, Sofía, San José Lombera, José Tomás, Ingeniería Minera y Metalúrgica y Ciencia de los Materiales, Meatze eta metalurgia ingeniaritza materialen zientzia, Fernández López, Patricia, Afonso Alves, Sofía, San José Lombera, José Tomás, Ingeniería Minera y Metalúrgica y Ciencia de los Materiales, Meatze eta metalurgia ingeniaritza materialen zientzia, and Fernández López, Patricia
- Abstract
370 p., La presente tesis doctoral proporciona nuevos conocimientos acerca del desarrollo de recubrimientos multifuncionales de altas prestaciones sobre aleaciones de fundición de Al-Si mediante la tecnología de electro-oxidación por plasma (PEO). Para lograr este fin, se han desarrollado nuevos electrolitos alcalinos de base acuosa, formulados específicamente para este tipo de aleaciones, al mismo tiempo que se ha investigado la influencia de los parámetros eléctricos de proceso más relevantes. Así, se han logrado obtener recubrimientos de elevado espesor, densidad, homogeneidad y dureza, además de funcionalidad estética, sobre complejas aleaciones secundarias e hipereutécticas de fundición de Al-Si. Además, los nuevos recubrimientos desarrollados también han presentado una excelente mejora de las propiedades tribológicas y dieléctricas, así como elevada resistencia frente a la corrosión y la tribocorrosión.Los resultados extraídos de este estudio ponen de manifiesto que la tecnología PEO no solo es una alternativa más eficiente y sostenible frente al anodizado convencional, sino que su aplicación en el sector del transporte contribuiría a la mejora de la sostenibilidad ambiental y al desarrollo de componentes de mayores prestaciones.
- Published
- 2025
5. TRIBOLOGY OF DRILL BITS IN THE GEOTHERMAL INDUSTRY: A LITERATURE REVIEW.
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Andrés Guerrero-Martin, Camilo, Garzón Rojas, Laura Estefanía, Romero Barrera, Ivan Alfredo, Estefanía Guerrero-Martin, Laura, Camacho-Galindo, Stefanny, Salinas-Silva, Raúl, and Paulo de Freitas, Pedro
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LITERATURE reviews ,GEOTHERMAL resources ,BITS (Drilling & boring) ,CERAMIC coating ,THRESHOLD energy - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Fuentes, El Reventón Energético is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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6. Effect of addition of MWCNTs to a mineral lubricant on Diesel engine performance.
- Author
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Meneses-Múnera, Sebastián, Antonio Carlos-Cornelio, Jesús, Cadavid-Sierra, Andrea, Sebastián Rudas-Flórez, Juan, Isabel Ardila-Marín, Maria, Toro, Alejandro, and Marcela Hoyos-Palacio, Lina
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DIESEL motors , *MULTIWALLED carbon nanotubes , *MECHANICAL wear , *BASE oils , *MINERAL oils , *DIESEL fuels - Abstract
In this research, a diesel engine lubricant, modified with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) was evaluated. Carboxylic group functionalized MWCNTs were dispersed in 15W40 mineral oil for Diesel engines and retaining ring and cylinder sleeve materials from F300 diesel engine were used for tribological tests. The Nanofluid (0.1 0.5 and 1% wt.) rheological behavior was characterized. Nanolubricants with 1% wt and base oil were evaluated on a Pin-on-Disk test. Results suggest both wear rate and coefficient of friction reduction when MWCNTs are used, while no significant rheological properties changes were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Influence of plasma spraying current on the microstructural characteristics and tribological behaviour of plasma sprayed Cr2O3 coating
- Author
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Odhiambo John Gerald, Li Wenge, Zhao Yuan Tao, Li Cheng Long, and Li Qiang
- Subjects
Recubrimiento de plasma rociado Cr2O3 ,Porosidad ,Parámetros de pulverización ,Dureza ,Tribología ,Clay industries. Ceramics. Glass ,TP785-869 - Abstract
In this study, the impact of varying spraying current on tribological performance and microstructural properties for coating was investigated. Atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) was used as the technique of depositing coatings on Q235 grade steel (equivalent to ASTM A36 mild steel). The coated samples were characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), adhesion testers and microhardness tester. Scratch tests were carried out under ambient and dry environments using a pin-on-plate configuration against Tungsten Carbide (WC) body (pin/stylus) for a constant load. It was found that samples sprayed under higher current had better adhesive bond and erosion wear resistance, they also had the lowest wear loss and least percentage porosity. Additionally, hardness was improved almost 10 times of the base material in comparison to lower current samples. Resumen: En este estudio se investigó el impacto de la corriente de pulverización variable sobre el rendimiento tribológico y las propiedades microestructurales para el recubrimiento del Cr2O3. La pulverización con plasma atmosférico (PPA) se usó como la técnica para depositar recubrimientos de Cr2O3 sobre acero de grado Q235 (equivalente al acero dulce ASTM A36). Las muestras recubiertas se caracterizaron usando microscopía óptica (MO), microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB), espectroscopia de energía dispersiva (EED), probadores de adherencia y probadores de microdureza. Las pruebas se llevaron a cabo en medios ambientales y secos utilizando una configuración de pin en placa contra el cuerpo de carburo de tungsteno (WC) (pin/stylus) para una carga constante. Se encontró que las muestras rociadas con una corriente más alta tenían un mejor enlace adhesivo y una mejor resistencia al desgaste por erosión, también tenían menor pérdida de desgaste y menor porcentaje de porosidad. Además, se mejoró la dureza casi 10 veces del material base en comparación con muestras de corriente más baja.
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- 2021
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8. Surface Engineering. Application on Wear.
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Martínez-Pérez, Francisco
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TRIBOLOGY , *SURFACES (Technology) , *WEAR resistance , *ENGINEERING design , *SURFACE preparation , *CANNING & preserving , *ENGINEERING , *METHODS engineering , *ADHESIVE wear - Abstract
In this article, engineering surface application is introduced as a new concept. The basis of this concept is the understanding that different surface technologies are applied to design of existing engineering components but, it is necessary to know that surface engineering would cover only part of the design of the component, the surface treatment to be applied should also be known. This is because, surfaces with a high index of hardening due to deformation, are resistant to severe adhesive wear, abrasion and pickling, but they should not have the same resistance to other types of wear. It means that a correlation must be established between the surface quality and the pickling resistance. In this article, it is shown that the use of high compatibility metallic materials is preferred and that a correlation can be established between the surface quality and the pickling resistance by a simple number. The selection of materials and the methods of obtaining the engineering surfaces for tribological applications, depends to a large extent on the mechanism and particular type of predominant wear. Therefore, the selection of materials resistant to wear will be analyzed depending on the type of wear in question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
9. Reducción en la Generación de Impurezas de Aluminio por Cambio de Geometría en el Área de Cierre de la Carcasa de Guía para Amortiguador Monotubo.
- Author
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Gonzalez Ortiz, Emilio
- Abstract
Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
10. The Concept of Tribodesign. Its Application.
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Martínez-Pérez, Francisco
- Subjects
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ENGINEERING design , *RELATIVE motion , *TRIBOLOGY , *MACHINE design , *SCIENCE , *SURFACES (Technology) , *TECHNOLOGY , *STRENGTH of materials - Abstract
The behavior of the influence of forces on materials is a recognized basic study in design engineering. The interaction of surfaces in contact in relative motion should not be ignored as a special study, since, like the resistance of materials, this is a basic element in any engineering design. Tribology, the name given to the science and technology of interacting surfaces in motion, is one of the most important and basic concepts in engineering and especially in design engineering. This should, without doubt, be used in the designation of a new term "Tribodesign". Thus, the Tribodesign concerns all the machine elements that are designed where friction, lubrication and wear play a fundamental role. It is an obvious, but fundamental fact that today, the assistance or practical help of Tribology is based not only on maintenance, but also on its application in the design of machine elements and machinery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
11. Propiedades tribológicas de recubrimientos de carbono depositados por haz de electrones
- Author
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Freddy Fernández-Rojas, Arturo González, Carlos J. Fernández-Rojas, Keyffer Salas, and Eduardo Rondon
- Subjects
aceros ,carbono ,dureza ,haz de electrones ,tribología ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 - Abstract
En este trabajo se produjeron películas de Carbono (C) sobre sustratos de acero D01 y acero D03. Las mismas fueron depositadas utilizando la técnica por haz de electrones empleando argón (Ar) como gas precursor y fueron caracterizadas a través de sus propiedades mecánicas y tribológicas. Se realizaron pruebas de: dureza, rugosidad y desgaste usando una punta piramidal tipo Berkovich para evaluar la dureza y una máquina tribológica de configuración pin sobre disco (pin-on-disc) para medir el desgaste. Se obtuvo la dureza de los recubrimientos, la cual varío respecto al sustrato utilizado, lo que originó un cambio en el coeficiente de fricción y desgaste. Un aumento considerable en la dureza permitió la disminución del coeficiente de fricción.
- Published
- 2020
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12. Rheological and tribological characterization of herbal sweet sauce with different stabilizing systems.
- Author
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Aussanasuwannakul, Aunchalee, Pondicherry, Kartik, and Saengprakai, Janpen
- Subjects
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SAUCES , *XANTHAN gum , *HYDRODYNAMIC lubrication , *CORN syrup , *PSEUDOPLASTIC fluids , *BOUNDARY lubrication - Abstract
Rheological and tribological analyses were compared between two polysaccharide-based stabilizing systems (xanthan gum and corn syrup) of a traditional herbal sweet sauce. Imitative testing showed that XG sauces have a greater surface stickiness but lower stringiness than CS sauces. Oscillatory (O) shear tests showed that XG sauce exhibited greater gel strength and elasticity. Between the frequency range 100.0–0.1 rad/s, both sauces showed weak gel characteristics and long-term stability to sedimentation. In rotational (R) shear tests, both sauces displayed the shear-thinning flow behavior. The XG sauce had a higher consistency index (K) and a slightly lower flow behavior index (n). In time-dependent O/R/O measurements, XG sauce showed a lower viscosity under high shear but higher regeneration after 40 s; structural elasticity was comparable under low shear. Type of stabilizing system affected boundary and hydrodynamic lubrication regimes; CS sauce showed greater potential to lower the friction between interacting surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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13. APLICACIONES DE LA TÉCNICA DE LUZ LÁSER ESPARCIDA: UNA REVISIÓN CON ENFOQUE INDUSTRIAL Y TRIBOLÓGICO.
- Author
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Serrato Espino, Blanca Arlette, Domínguez López, Iván, Sosa Savedra, Julio César, García García, Adrián Luis, Orosco Guerrero, Rodolfo, and Óscar Barceinas Sánchez, José Dolores
- Abstract
Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
14. Comportamiento ante el desgaste por deslizamiento en seco del acero inoxidable súper dúplex en un tribómetro bola sobre anillo
- Author
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Jorge Emir Romero Contreras and Sandra Bavieska Cabello Sequera
- Subjects
desgaste por deslizamiento ,acero dúplex ,método taguchi ,tribología ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
En el presente trabajo se realiza la caracterización del comportamiento ante el desgaste por deslizamiento en seco de un acero inoxidable súper dúplex. Los ensayos fueron desarrollados en un tribómetro tipo bola sobre anillo. Como material del anillo se empleó el acero inoxidable dúplex tipo SAF 2507 sin tratamiento térmico y como material para la bola se usó el acero AISI 52100. Los ensayos se realizaron sin lubricante en condiciones de ambiente (aire), temperatura y humedad estándar de laboratorio. Los parámetros seleccionados, a fin de estudiar sus efectos en el coeficiente desgaste por deslizamiento, fueron: velocidad de deslizamiento (0,9 m/s y 2 m/s), carga normal (9 N, 19 N y 29 N) y distancias de deslizamiento (500 m, 1000 m y 2000 m). Se empleó un diseño experimental de Taguchi con nueve tratamientos y dos réplicas. En la caracterización del acero SAF 2507 se obtuvo valores del coeficiente de desgaste en el intervalo desde 0,19588 x 10-12 m2/N hasta 0,72381 x 10-12 m2/N, para las condiciones evaluadas. El factor que más afecta el coeficiente de desgaste es la velocidad de deslizamiento. El mecanismo de desgaste identificado para el SAF 2507 es de adhesión y delaminación de alta velocidad.
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- 2020
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15. Tribocorrosión: historia, propiedades, aplicaciones y modelamiento
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Darío Yesid Peña-Ballesteros
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tribocorrosión ,tribología ,corrosión ,confiabilidad ,materiales ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 - Abstract
La tribocorrosión es el área de conocimiento encarga de estudiar la unión de los fenómenos tribológicos y la corrosión. En esta nota editorial se presenta, a groso modo, aspectos a destacar de la tribocorrosión, se señala la relevancia practica de este campo de investigación para la ciencia de materiales y la ingeniería mecánica. Se relaciona la historia de tribocorrosión, diversas variables a considerar, algunos campos de aplicación identificados y se discute sobre los múltiples desafíos que se presentan en el modelamiento de los sistemas de tribocorrosión.
- Published
- 2020
16. Pin on disc vizsgálatok zártcellás alumíniumhabokon
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András Gábora, Gábor Kalácska, Róbert Keresztes, Sándor Beke, and Zoltán Gergő Géresi
- Subjects
fémhab ,zárt cella ,tribológia ,alumínium ,Technology ,Industries. Land use. Labor ,HD28-9999 - Abstract
A fémhabok cellás szerkezetük és kiváló mechanikai és fizikai tulajdonságaik révén előtérben vannak a jármű és egyéb iparágak anyagfejlesztéseiben. Ugyan a különböző típusú fémhabok közkedveltek, a bonyolult szerkezetük miatt továbbra is kutatások tárgyai. Jelen kutatás célja különböző gyártástechnológiával készült és különböző cellaméretű zártcellás fémhabok tribológiai vizsgálata. A cikkben bemutatásra kerülnek a vizsgálat tárgyai, azaz a direkt habosítással és gázinjektálással készült zártcellás alumíniumhabok és azok mátrixanyagai. Részletezésre kerül továbbá a kísérletekhez használt Pin on Disc vizsgálóberendezés, valamint a kísérletek legfontosabb paraméterei.
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- 2020
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17. Tribocorrosión: historia, propiedades, aplicaciones y modelamiento.
- Author
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Peña-Ballesteros, Darío Yesid
- Subjects
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MECHANICAL engineering , *MATERIALS science , *TRIBOLOGY , *TRIBO-corrosion - Abstract
Tribocorrosion is the area of knowledge in charge of studying the union of tribological phenomena and corrosion. This editorial note presents aspects to be highlighted of tribocorrosion, the practical relevance of this field of research for materials science and mechanical engineering is pointed out. The history of tribocorrosion is related, various variables to consider, some fields of application identified, and the multiple challenges that arise in the modeling of tribocorrosion systems are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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18. Nanoméretű réz(II)-oxid kerámiarészecskékkel erősített kenőolaj tribológiai vizsgálata.
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Dávid, Tóth Álmos and Tamás, Fodor
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGY transfer ,NONMETALLIC materials ,NUCLEAR research ,ENERGY consumption ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,AUTOMOTIVE fuel consumption ,METALLIC surfaces - Abstract
Copyright of Military Engineer / Hadmérnök is the property of National University of Public Service and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. ANALISIS DE LOS PRINCIPALES MECANISMOS DE FALLA EN TRES FRENOS DE DISCO AUTOMOTRICES.
- Author
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García-León, Ricardo Andrés, Flórez Solano, Eder, and Espinel Blanco, Edwin
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- 2020
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20. Relación microestructura-propiedades y comportamiento tribológico de nuevos nanocomposites
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Carrión Vilches, Francisco José, Bermúdez Olivares, María Dolores, Ingeniería Mecánica, Mínguez Enkovaara, Luis Francisco, Carrión Vilches, Francisco José, Bermúdez Olivares, María Dolores, Ingeniería Mecánica, and Mínguez Enkovaara, Luis Francisco
- Abstract
[SPA] El polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) es un polímero termoplástico globalmente conocido, con destacadas propiedades de transparencia, biocompatibilidad, resistencia al ambiente, rigidez y fácil procesabilidad, pero con baja resistencia a la fricción y al desgaste. En el presente trabajo se han estudiado las propiedades tribológicas del PMMA, modificándolo con diferentes concentraciones de nanofases basadas en óxido de grafeno, y óxido de grafeno modificado con el líquido iónico tetrafluoroborato de 1-octil-3-metilimidazolio ([Omim]BF4). Los nuevos nanocomposites fueron elaborados mediante los procesos industriales de extrusión y moldeo por inyección, para ser estudiados tribológicamente bajo dos tipos de contacto, lineal oscilatorio y multirrayado, realizando también una caracterización estructural completa de los nanocomposites y nanofases, aplicando técnicas como XRD, XPS, espectroscopía Raman, TEM, TGA, DSC o DMA. [ENG] Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a globally widespread thermoplastic in our ordinary life with outstanding properties for plastics like its transparency, biocompatibility, weatherability, rigidity, and processability. In this work, graphene-oxide-based nanoadditives are incorporated into a PMMA matrix to enhance its tribological properties. As a result, different concentrations of graphene oxide, some of them functionalized with 1- octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Omim]BF4) room temperature ionic liquid, have been added and melt-blended by extrusion and molding injection industrial processes. In pursuance of a complete study of the structural and tribological behavior of the new nanocomposite materials, linear oscillatory sliding contact and multi-scratch tribological tests, together with structural and thermal characterization techniques are applied (XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, DSC, DMA) correlating the results to their nano-phase concentrations.
- Published
- 2023
21. Estudio del impacto de la tribología en el ahorro del consumo energético
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Avilés González, María Dolores, Martínez Mateo, Isidoro José, Ingeniería Mecánica, Materiales y Fabricación, Marzal Álvaro, Irene, Avilés González, María Dolores, Martínez Mateo, Isidoro José, Ingeniería Mecánica, Materiales y Fabricación, and Marzal Álvaro, Irene
- Abstract
En este trabajo se pretende realizar un análisis acerca de la influencia de la Tribología en el consumo de energía, costos y emisiones. El ahorro de energía, el ahorro de materias primas y materiales y la explotación óptima de los sistemas tribológicos son algunos de los principales objetivos de investigación de este trabajo. Con esto se pretende: -Definir el concepto de Tribología, su historia y fundamentos. -Estudiar desde el punto de vista energético del proceso tribológico y determinar su importancia. -Identificar cómo afectan a fricción y desgaste y lubricación, en el consumo de energía, con respecto a la economía y a las emisiones que provocan. -Analizar ahorros potenciales por avances tribológicos. La tribología es la ciencia que estudia las superficies en contacto en movimiento relativo. Su nombre proviene del griego, significa `Ciencia del rozamiento¿ y abarca el estudio del desgaste, la fricción y la lubricación y aspectos del diseño relacionados con todo ello. La tribología previene el desgaste y controla la fricción por medio de la lubricación. El lubricante crea una película protectora que reduce la fricción entre las superficies móviles en contacto. Para la sostenibilidad, la tribología se vuelve muy importante en todos los aspectos de la vida, ya que existe en todas nuestras actividades diarias como correr, moverse, conducir y mucho más. Está también presente en muchas aplicaciones como la automoción, la industria, el deporte, la cosmética y la biomedicina. Esto demuestra que la tribología es una consideración importante en casi todo lo que nos rodea. A través del avance tribológico en la reducción de la fricción, se aumenta la vida útil del producto, por lo tanto, se ahorra mucho en términos de reemplazo de elementos rotos, se ahorra dinero por la menor necesidad de mantenimiento y algunos otros beneficios económicos. Con el paso de los años, la ciencia ha ido cambiando y adaptándose a las necesidades de la humanidad, y con ello la tribología, que ca
- Published
- 2023
22. Influence of honing parameters on the quality of the machined parts and innovations in honing processes
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Mecànica, Fluids i Aeronàutica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Sender, Piotr, Buj Corral, Irene, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Mecànica, Fluids i Aeronàutica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Sender, Piotr, and Buj Corral, Irene
- Abstract
The article presents a literature review dealing with the effect of the honing parameters on the quality of the machined parts, as well as with the recent innovations in honing processes. First, an overview about the honing and the plateau-honing processes is presented, considering the main parameters that can be varied during machining. Then, the influence of the honing parameters on surface finish, shape deviation and material removal rate is presented. Finally, some special and innovative applications of the honing process are described. For example, honing with variable kinematics allows obtaining oil grooves that are not rectilinear but curvilinear, in order to reduce the temperature of the part during machining and thus achieving better surface finish and lower shape deviation. Automation of the honing machines is useful to improve both the production and the verification process. Another innovation consists of using 3D printed tools in honing processes, which will help to obtain abrasive tools with complex shapes, for example by means of powder bed fusion processes., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)
- Published
- 2023
23. Analysis of ultrasonic vibration-assisted ball burnishing process on the tribological behavior of AISI 316L cylindrical specimens
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Velázquez Corral, Eric, Wagner, Vincent, Jerez Mesa, Ramón, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, Dessein, Gilles, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Velázquez Corral, Eric, Wagner, Vincent, Jerez Mesa, Ramón, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, and Dessein, Gilles
- Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the effects of vibration assistance, combined with a ball burnishing process, in terms of topology, residual stresses, and tribological properties on 316L shafts. The burnishing variables consisted of the variation of the input force, the number of passes, and the activation of the vibration assistance, which is based on a 40 kHz frequency and 8 µm of vibration amplitude, derived in a screening design of three factors. The results show that the medium–high level of burnishing force, high level of the number of passes, and the activation of the vibration assistance are the best options in order to improve the average roughness, the microstructure, the increase in the compressive residual stresses, and the wear enhancement, besides all variables being significant in the p-value analysis through ANOVA. Statistically, the vibration-assisted ball burnishing improved the average roughness by 2.9%, enlarged the von Mises stress on the surface by 11.5% and enhanced the wear resistance of a 316L shaft and WC-Co ball contact up to 7.3%., Peer Reviewed, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura, Postprint (published version)
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- 2023
24. Tool-part tribological interaction assessment for continuous deformation processes
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, Cuadrado Lafoz, Núria, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, Torres Chamorro, Lisbeth Alejandra, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, Cuadrado Lafoz, Núria, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, and Torres Chamorro, Lisbeth Alejandra
- Abstract
Tesi amb menció de Doctorat Internacional i de Doctorat Industrial, (English This dissertation is an experimental assessment of the tool-part tribological interaction of continuous deformation processes: ball burnishing as a superfinishing process and wire drawing as a bulk deformation process. Through the integration of friction as their fundamental parameter, these processes can be optimized. Thus, after the determination of the coefficient of friction, its impact on the final components surface integrity (hardness, roughness, and residual stresses), as well as the resulting wear mechanisms (adhesion and abrasion) from the sliding contact between hardmetal (WC/Co) and the treated materials (stainless-steel and aluminum alloy), has been analyzed by means of advanced characterization techniques such as: X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) and confocal scanning optical microscopy (CSOM). The results have shown that beyond the operational parameters and the macro-contact conditions, the influence of the micro-contact, microstructure and chemical composition, represent critical points in the tribological behavior of each process. In addition, these experimental outcomes constitute validation tools for numerical models, allowing integral configurations that surpass the simplified models that so far have not achieved adjustments in terms of surface finish and residual stresses, simultaneously. Therefore, potential solutions to the misalignments of each study case have been established from the analysis of a hitherto underestimated factor: friction.), (Español) Esta disertación trata sobre la evaluación experimental de la interacción tribológica herramienta - pieza para procesos de deformación continua: el bruñido con bola como proceso de superacabado y el trefilado de alambre como proceso de deformación masivo. Mediante la integración de la fricción como su parámetro fundamental, estos procesos pueden ser optimizados. Así, después de la determinación del coeficiente de fricción, su impacto en la integridad superficial de los componentes (dureza, rugosidad y tensiones residuales) y en los mecanismos de desgaste resultantes (adhesión y abrasión) del contacto por deslizamiento entre el metal duro (WC/Co) y los materiales tratados (acero inoxidable y aleación de aluminio), se ha analizado mediante técnicas de caracterización avanzadas: Difracción de rayos X (DRX), microscopía electrónica de barrido (FE-SEM), dispersión de energía de rayos X (EDX) y microscopía óptica confocal (CSOM). Los resultados muestran que más allá de los parámetros operativos y de las condiciones de macro-contacto, la influencia del micro-contacto, la microestructura y la composición química, representan puntos críticos en la tribología de cada proceso. Además, estos resultados constituyen herramientas de validación de modelos numéricos, permitiendo configuraciones integrales que superan los modelos simplificados que hasta ahora no han logrado ajustes en acabado superficial y tensiones residuales, simultáneamente. De esta manera, se han establecido soluciones a partir del análisis de un factor hasta ahora subestimado: la fricción., Postprint (published version)
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- 2023
25. Design and Characterization of Lubricants Based on Functionalized Nanoparticles
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Fernández Pérez, Josefa, López Iglesias, Enriqueta R., Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Escola de Doutoramento Internacional (EDIUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Programa de Doutoramento en Enxeñaría Termodinámica de Fluídos, Mariño Fernández, Fátima, Fernández Pérez, Josefa, López Iglesias, Enriqueta R., Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Escola de Doutoramento Internacional (EDIUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Programa de Doutoramento en Enxeñaría Termodinámica de Fluídos, and Mariño Fernández, Fátima
- Abstract
The main objective of this PhD thesis is to design and characterize efficient nanolubricants based on three polyalphaolefins (PAOs) and nanoparticles (NPs) of metal oxides or ceramics coated with organic acids for wind turbine gearboxes and electric transmissions of electric vehicles. First, preliminary tests and an in-depth literature survey on the time stability and tribological behavior of nanodispersions containing chemically modified nanoadditives were performed. Then, the thermophysical and tribological properties of PAO nanolubricants containing coated NPs (ZnO-OA, TiO2-OA, or SiO2-SA) were evaluated; in addition, possible tribological mechanisms were analyzed by confocal Raman microscopy. All the coated NPs studied improve the tribological behavior of their base oil, being the best the SiO2-SA NPs.
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- 2023
26. Wear mechanisms in press hardening: an analysis through comparison of tribological tests and industrial tools
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Pujante Agudo, Jaume, Cuadrado Lafoz, Nuria, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Pujante Agudo, Jaume, and Cuadrado Lafoz, Nuria
- Abstract
Press hardened components have become widespread in the automotive industry in structural and crash-resistant applications, thanks to the combination of the complex shapes and high mechanical properties obtained. However, the press hardening of coated boron steel results in severe adhesive-based wear, with tool maintenance being required in as few as 3000 cycles. The current industrial implementation of press hardening is defined to work around this phenomenon. While this aspect has been studied by different authors, most of the literature deals with laboratory-scale tribosimulators, leaving an open question into how this knowledge transfers to macroscopic effects on the industrial process. In this work, wear in press hardening is studied by comparing the results obtained in laboratory conditions with a pilot-scale line, and finally, with wear mechanisms observed on industrial tools. The aim of this study is to consolidate the current knowledge about the micro-mechanisms involved, and to understand to what extent the existing tests reproduce the actual mechanisms observed in the press floor. The results show how material transfer mainly happens as an accumulation of dust compacted into initial defects on the tool surface. Moreover, this mechanism is effectively reproduced in laboratory tribosimulators and pilot environments, showing a similar morphology to wear on industrial tools. The work sheds light on the underlying causes of wear, and its potential mitigation strategies., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)
- Published
- 2023
27. Wear resistance and friction analysis of Ti6Al4V cylindrical ball-burnished specimens with and without vibration assistance
- Author
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Mecànica, Fluids i Aeronàutica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Velázquez Corral, Eric, Wagner, Vincent, Jerez Mesa, Ramón, Delbé, Karl, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, Dessein, Gilles, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Mecànica, Fluids i Aeronàutica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació, Velázquez Corral, Eric, Wagner, Vincent, Jerez Mesa, Ramón, Delbé, Karl, Llumà Fuentes, Jordi, Travieso Rodríguez, José Antonio, and Dessein, Gilles
- Abstract
The objective of the research is to analyze the impact of the ultrasonic vibration assistance on the wear resistance due to the topography enhancement caused on Ti6Al4V cylindrical samples after surface modification through a ball burnishing process. The process parameters considered for this study are the burnishing force, the number of passes, and the addition of a 40 kHz ultrasonic assistance, which are thought to enhance the surface topography and increase the hardener effect in terms of depth. A complete screening design of 3 factors was performed, revealing that the number of passes and the vibration assistance are the most important parameters for minimizing the wear volume loss, being 170 N of burnishing force, 3 passes, and the addition of the vibration assistance as the best combination found. However, no significant difference in the friction force was observed. The topography results show that there is a decrease in the average roughness from 1.50 to 0.45 µm with optimal burnishing conditions. It was also analyzed the microstructure originated after the turning, the conventional ball burnishing, and the vibration-assisted ball burnishing, being the last optimal in terms of depth affectation to the microstructure. Therefore, these results confirm an improvement in terms of wear enhancement, friction reduction, and topography results when vibration assistance is added to a conventional ball burnishing process., Peer Reviewed, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura, Postprint (published version)
- Published
- 2023
28. Estudio del efecto de los parámetros de procesamiento del sistema de metalizado (Arc Spray) en las propiedades de resistencia al desgaste en matrices de conformado metálico.
- Author
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Cuevas Mata, Octavio, Guevara Chávez, Carlos Alberto, de Jesús García Vázquez, Felipe, and Valdes Ugalde, Jose Manuel
- Abstract
Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
29. Comportamiento ante el desgaste por deslizamiento en seco del acero inoxidable súper dúplex en un tribómetro bola sobre anillo.
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Romero Contreras, Jorge E. and Cabello Sequera, Sandra B.
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Badania tribologiczne i biotribologiczne w Laboratorium Inżynierii Powierzchni i Tribologii Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz -- Instytutu Obróbki Plastycznej.
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Wiśniewski, Tomasz, Sulej-Chojnacka, Joanna, Leshchynsky, Volf, Lijewski, Marcin, and Łapaj, Łukasz
- Subjects
- *
SOLID lubricants , *METALWORK , *HIP joint , *HIGH temperatures , *MECHANICAL properties of condensed matter , *ARTIFICIAL hip joints , *LUBRICATION & lubricants , *ELASTOHYDRODYNAMIC lubrication - Abstract
This paper presents the results of research, which are the effect of national and international projects carried out at the Łukasiewicz Research Network -- Metal Forming Institute, concerning both tribological and biotribological topics. The research results, the effect of which is the development of a new generation of forging tools (the design of cold forging tools with a properly prepared work surface and the development of new multilayered, nanostructured gradient coatings) and the solution to the problem of early wear of the parts working in difficult conditions are presented. For friction elements operating at high temperature, a solution has been developed that has found practical applications in the industry in the field of improving lubrication technology. The development of the technology of introducing solid lubricant particles onto the surfaces of tribologically cooperating parts operating at elevated temperatures has become extremely important for many industries that daily face problems with the early wear of cooperating elements. The second part of the work focuses on biotribological problems and the main challenge is to extend the durability of hip joint endoprostheses. In connection with this, work was carried out to thoroughly understand the process of endoprosthesis wear. Examination of the tribological properties of new materials intended for elements of endoprostheses is also a very important issue. The research was conducted on a specially designed and built hip joint simulator, which meets the requirements of the ISO standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
31. Porous plastics
- Author
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Vekkeli, Jere, Kemian laitos, Department of Chemistry, Luonnontieteiden ja metsätieteiden tiedekunta, Kemian laitos, Faculty of Science and Forestry, Department of Chemistry, Luonnontieteiden ja metsätieteiden tiedekunta, and Faculty of Science and Forestry
- Subjects
huokoiset muovit ,POM ,valomikroskooppi ,SEM ,tribologia ,ruiskuvalu ,parafiini ,material chemistry ,materiaalikemia ,polymeerit ,tilanvaraajamenetelmä - Published
- 2023
32. Wear resistance and friction analysis of Ti6Al4V cylindrical ball-burnished specimens with and without vibration assistance
- Author
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Eric Velázquez-Corral, Vincent Wagner, Ramón Jerez-Mesa, Karl Delbé, Jordi Llumà, J. Antonio Travieso-Rodriguez, Gilles Dessein, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Doctorat en Enginyeria Mecànica, Fluids i Aeronàutica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. TECNOFAB - Grup de Recerca en Tecnologies de Fabricació
- Subjects
Ball-bearings ,Microstructure analysis ,Tribologia ,Enginyeria mecànica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Tribology ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Coixinets de boles ,Ball burnishing ,Vibration-assisted ball burnishing ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Software ,Computer Science Applications - Abstract
The objective of the research is to analyze the impact of the ultrasonic vibration assistance on the wear resistance due to the topography enhancement caused on Ti6Al4V cylindrical samples after surface modification through a ball burnishing process. The process parameters considered for this study are the burnishing force, the number of passes, and the addition of a 40 kHz ultrasonic assistance, which are thought to enhance the surface topography and increase the hardener effect in terms of depth. A complete screening design of 3 factors was performed, revealing that the number of passes and the vibration assistance are the most important parameters for minimizing the wear volume loss, being 170 N of burnishing force, 3 passes, and the addition of the vibration assistance as the best combination found. However, no significant difference in the friction force was observed. The topography results show that there is a decrease in the average roughness from 1.50 to 0.45 µm with optimal burnishing conditions. It was also analyzed the microstructure originated after the turning, the conventional ball burnishing, and the vibration-assisted ball burnishing, being the last optimal in terms of depth affectation to the microstructure. Therefore, these results confirm an improvement in terms of wear enhancement, friction reduction, and topography results when vibration assistance is added to a conventional ball burnishing process. Peer Reviewed Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura
- Published
- 2023
33. Salud del lubricante y comportamiento de los aditivos en vehículos tipo turismo
- Author
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Jaime Fernando Antamba Guasgua, Fabricio Corrales, Vanessa Alexandra Vallejo Moreno, and Alvaro Remache Remache Chimbo
- Subjects
transporte ,Science ,tribologia ,Social Sciences ,aceites lubricantes ,General Medicine ,ingenieria de mantenimiento - Abstract
El periodo de vida útil de un motor de combustión es afectado por la calidad de aditivos del lubricante y del intervalo de mantenimiento del vehículo, este es ejecutado acorde al kilometraje recorrido. Este proyecto tuvo como finalidad evaluar la salud del aceite y el comportamiento de los aditivos del lubricante, para anticipar o modificar los periodos de cambio en el mercado nacional. Para las pruebas se utilizó una muestra de cinco vehículos de una marca conocida y de gran acogida en el Ecuador. La metodología utilizada para este proyecto fue un estudio experimental tipo descriptivo y la observación, con base al análisis del aceite usado, se ejecutaron cinco pruebas individuales de medición de las propiedades fisicoquímicas y la determinación de la concentración de partículas del lubricante. Los resultados de la viscosidad mostraron una reducción de hasta un 22% dentro del intervalo de mantenimiento asignado, interpretándose que el aceite se halla al límite de su condición de degradación. Por otro lado, el contenido de aditivos presentó una reducción superior al 40%. Este resultado indica un funcionamiento apropiado del lubricante, ya que la reducción observada responde al alto contenido de azufre en el combustible.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Relación microestructura-propiedades y comportamiento tribológico de nuevos nanocomposites
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Mínguez Enkovaara, Luis Francisco, Carrión Vilches, Francisco José, Bermúdez Olivares, María Dolores, and Ingeniería Mecánica
- Subjects
Polímeros ,Ensayo de materiales ,Tribología ,2211.30 Tribología ,2211.02 Materiales Compuestos ,Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica ,Materiales compuestos - Abstract
[SPA] El polimetilmetacrilato (PMMA) es un polímero termoplástico globalmente conocido, con destacadas propiedades de transparencia, biocompatibilidad, resistencia al ambiente, rigidez y fácil procesabilidad, pero con baja resistencia a la fricción y al desgaste. En el presente trabajo se han estudiado las propiedades tribológicas del PMMA, modificándolo con diferentes concentraciones de nanofases basadas en óxido de grafeno, y óxido de grafeno modificado con el líquido iónico tetrafluoroborato de 1-octil-3-metilimidazolio ([Omim]BF4). Los nuevos nanocomposites fueron elaborados mediante los procesos industriales de extrusión y moldeo por inyección, para ser estudiados tribológicamente bajo dos tipos de contacto, lineal oscilatorio y multirrayado, realizando también una caracterización estructural completa de los nanocomposites y nanofases, aplicando técnicas como XRD, XPS, espectroscopía Raman, TEM, TGA, DSC o DMA. [ENG] Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is a globally widespread thermoplastic in our ordinary life with outstanding properties for plastics like its transparency, biocompatibility, weatherability, rigidity, and processability. In this work, graphene-oxide-based nanoadditives are incorporated into a PMMA matrix to enhance its tribological properties. As a result, different concentrations of graphene oxide, some of them functionalized with 1- octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Omim]BF4) room temperature ionic liquid, have been added and melt-blended by extrusion and molding injection industrial processes. In pursuance of a complete study of the structural and tribological behavior of the new nanocomposite materials, linear oscillatory sliding contact and multi-scratch tribological tests, together with structural and thermal characterization techniques are applied (XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, TGA, DSC, DMA) correlating the results to their nano-phase concentrations. El presente trabajo ha contado con la financiación de los proyectos de investigación del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO, España) (códigos: PID2021-122169NB-I00, MAT2017-85130-P y MAT2014-55384-P) y de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Región de Murcia, de la Fundación Séneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia (código: 19877/GERM/15). Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Programa de Doctorado en Tecnologías Industriales
- Published
- 2023
35. Caracterización tribológica de recubrimientos de alta entropía de VCrNbMoTaW, producidos por el proceso co-Sputtering en acero AISI 4140
- Author
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Betancourt Coronado, Yamid Efrén, Velasco Estrada, Leonardo, Olaya Flórez, Jhon Jairo, Grupo de Investigación Afis (Análisis de Fallas, Integridad y Superficies), and Information-Guided Design, Automation and Nanotechnology
- Subjects
Nano-hardness ,Nanodureza ,Tribology ,Tecnología de materiales ,XRD ,Equiatomic ,High entropy ,Ensayo de materiales ,Materials engineering ,629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería [620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines] ,Acero ,EDS ,Co-sputtering ,Alta entropía ,Scratch Test ,Coatings ,Steel ,Tribología ,Equiatómico ,SEM ,XPS ,Pin on disc ,Recubrimientos ,AFM ,Materials testing - Abstract
ilustraciones, fotografías, gráficas, tablas Debido a sus propiedades físicas y químicas los materiales multifuncionales o aleaciones de alta entropía han sido estudiados extensamente a partir del 2004, cuándo Yeh.J y Cantor.B publicaron sus investigaciones sobre materiales combinados y manufacturados con el fin mejorar las propiedades, adicional a esto con sorpresa encontraron que las concentraciones de los materiales son cuasiequiatómicas, además detectaron que los materiales principales llegan a ser una sola fase cristalina de la combinación de los elementos o componentes predominantes. Con base en los estudios previos se realizó el estudio de los materiales producidos mediante una fusión de materiales a una escala nanométrica. Por tal motivo, en este trabajo se presenta el análisis de las propiedades de películas nanoestructuradas de VCrNbMoTaW depositadas sobre sustratos acero 4140 utilizando magnetrones individuales en configuración confocal sputtering (DC y RF), con el objetivo de analizar la influencia de la cantidad de elementos constitucionales sobre la estructura cristalina, microestructura y resistencia al desgaste. La estructura de los recubrimientos fue caracterizada mediante difracción de rayos X (XRD), adicional a esto se halló el tamaño de grano y el parámetro de red. Simultáneamente, se determinó la composición química de cada uno de los materiales, para ello se usaron dos técnicas: Espectroscopia de energía dispersiva (EDS) con la que se determina la concentración de elementos a nivel local, y espectroscopia de fotoelectrones emitidos por rayos (XPS) para determinar la composición química general. Por otro lado, la morfología se evaluó mediante microscopia de fuerza atómica, (AFM) con la que se determinó el coeficiente de fricción y la forma y geometría generada en la superficie del recubrimiento, estás imágenes se contrastaron contra los resultados obtenidos con las fotografías tomadas por el microscopio electrónica de barrido (SEM); las propiedades de desgaste se estudiaron usando pruebas de rayado (scratch test), y pin en disco (pin on disc). Por último, se realizó la toma de nanodureza de cada una de las películas delgadas, el equipo con el que se realizó la técnica entrega los resultados de la dureza y del módulo de Young. Al realizar los ensayos mencionados y contrastar contra la bibliografía, se encuentra como resultado preliminar que las películas son monofásicas policristalinas y que la resistencia al desgaste mejora en función de la concentración de Vanadio, Niobio y Tantalio en las películas. El mecanismo de desgaste en las películas será discutido durante la presentación de este trabajo. (Texto tomado de la fuente). Due to their physical and chemical properties, multifunctional materials or high entropy alloys have been extensively studied since 2004, when Yeh.J and Cantor.B published their research on combined and manufactured materials in order to improve their properties, in addition to this, with surprise, they found that the concentrations of the materials are equiatomic or very close to being equiatomic, they also detected that the main materials become a phase of the combination of the predominant elements or components. Based on the previous studies, the study of the materials produced by a fusion of materials at a nanometric scale was carried out. For this reason, this work presents the analysis of the properties of VCrNbMoTaW nanostructured films deposited on 4140 steel substrates using individual magnetrons in confocal sputtering DC and RF configuration, with the objective of analyzing the influence of the amount of constituent elements on the crystalline structure, microstructure and wear resistance. The structure of the coatings was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), in addition to this, the grain size and the lattice parameter were found. Simultaneously, the chemical composition of each of the materials was determined using two techniques: energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to determine the concentration of elements at a local level, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the general chemical composition. On the other hand, the morphology was evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) with which the friction coefficient and the shape and geometry generated on the surface of the coating were determined, these images were contrasted against the results obtained with the photographs taken by the scanning electron microscope (SEM); the wear properties were studied using scratch tests and pin on disc. Finally, the nanoduration of each of the thin films was taken; the equipment used to perform the technique provides the results of hardness and Young's modulus. By performing the mentioned tests and contrasting against the literature, it is found as a preliminary result that the films are polycrystalline single phase and that the wear resistance improves as a function of the concentration of Vanadium, Niobium and Tantalum in the films. The wear mechanism in the films will be discussed during the presentation of this work. Incluye anexos Maestría Magíster en Ingeniería Mecánica Ingeniería de superficies y nanomateriales
- Published
- 2023
36. Progressão do desgaste dentário em esmalte e cerâmica : estudo in vitro
- Author
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Correia, Inês Maria Cunha and Vieira, Ana Maria
- Subjects
Tribologia ,Atrição ,Quantificação desgaste dentário ,Scanner intraoral - Abstract
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar, in vitro, o Desgaste Dentário por atrição em amostras de esmalte humano e cerâmica, assim como a capacidade do scanner intraoral CEREC Primescan® para medir a progressão de desgaste dentário. Materiais e Métodos: Dez dentes molares humanos, extraídos, foram submetidos a desinfeção e, seguidamente, seccionados de modo a obter amostras de esmalte planas (E) (n=12), cúspides oponentes a esmalte (CE) (n=12) e cúspides oponentes a cerâmica (CC) (n=12). Dois blocos de LavaTM Ultimate foram seccionados e, posteriormente polidos de modo a obter amostras de cerâmica (C)(n=12). Após montagem em bases resinosas, CE e CC foram colocadas como corpo (superior), E e C foram colocadas como contra-corpo (inferior) no Chewing Simulator, submersas em saliva artificial e submetidas ao protocolo de atrição, que consistiu em 3 ciclos de desgaste (24h (t1), 48h (t2) e 96h (t4)). Para cada amostra, com recurso ao scanner CEREC Primescan®, efetuou-se um scan inicial, antes de iniciar o primeiro ciclo de atrição de forma a obter uma referência para a posterior análise do volume de amostra perdido (%vol rel), e no final dos ciclos às 24h (t1), 48h (t2) e 96h (t4). Os valores de %vol rel foram analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: Verificou-se redução do volume das amostras ao longo do tempo, que se verificou estatisticamente significativo (p
- Published
- 2022
37. Materiali Avanzati per Applicazioni Biomeccaniche
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Grasso, Antonio
- Subjects
Tribologia ,grafite ,nanocompositi polimerici ,UHMWPE ,Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali ,HDPE ,grafene ossido ,Tribologia, nanocompositi polimerici, grafite, grafene ossido, HDPE, UHMWPE - Published
- 2022
38. Introducción a la física forense aplicada a la reconstrucción de accidentes de tránsito
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Baena-Vásquez, Alejandra Juliette, Venegas-Segura, Andrés Arturo, Remolina-Caviedes, Edwin Enrique, Venegas-Segura, Gustavo Adolfo, Londoño-Contreras, Henry, Monroy-Castro, Juan Carlos, Gamarra-Amaya, Laura Cecilia, Fino-Puerto, Nelson Ricardo, and Fino-Puerto, Óscar Mauricio
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CINEMÁTICA ,Pruebas de frenado ,Perito forense ,INVESTIGACIÓN DE ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO ,TOPOGRAFÍA VIAL ,ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO - MEDICIONES ,ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO - ASPECTOS JURÍDICOS-COLOMBIA ,AUTOMÓVILES - EQUIPO HIDRÁULICO ,DINÁMICA DE MAQUINARIA ,DISPOSITIVOS DE CONTROL DEL MOVIMIENTO ,Accidente de tráfico ,Coeficiente de fricción ,SEGURIDAD VIAL ,FRICCIÓN (MECÁNICA) ,CIENCIAS FÍSICAS ,INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA ,AUTOMÓVILES - FRENOS ,NGENIERÍA FORENSE ,TRIBOLOGÍA ,ACELERACIÓN (MECÁNICA) - Abstract
Esta publicación es el reflejo de la visión interdisciplinar y transversal requerida en el estudio de la dinámica de la frenada, específicamente en la reconstrucción de accidentes de tránsito; en particular, se nutre de las ciencias jurídicas, las ciencias físicas, las ciencias ingenieriles y los desarrollos tecnológicos. En tal sentido, se abordan los aspectos legales, sociales, eco nómicos, culturales, familiares, jurídicos y en la salud de las personas cuando se produce un accidente de tránsito. También se presenta el estudio de conceptos físicos como la velocidad, la aceleración, la distancia de frenado o los tiempos de reacción, que permiten entender los modelos físico-matemáticos utilizados para explicar la reconstrucción de los accidentes de tránsito (RAT). Desde el campo de la física se explica cómo el coeficiente de fricción y las interacciones entre las llantas y la vía determinan los efectos sobre la velocidad, la distancia de frenado, la distancia de impacto, la aceleración, entre otras, constituyéndose así en un parámetro relevante para el estudio y la evaluación de los accidentes de tránsito. Además, ofrece una serie de ejemplos recurrentes en la investigación de accidentes de tránsito, sus análisis y su reconstrucción, a partir de lo cual se relacionan los instrumentos empleados para medir el coeficiente de fricción, como el péndulo británico, el Drag Sled, el acelerómetro Vericom, el smartphone y el procesamiento de video. Finalmente, la obra ofrece una guía sobre los procedimientos analíticos para analizar las pruebas de frenado, para lo cual se recurre a los protocolos internacionales, a diversos libros al respecto y a la experiencia del grupo de investigación acerca de estos ítems. Primera edición RESUMEN ABSTRACT INTRODUCCIÓN CAPÍTULO 1. ASPECTOS LEGALES DE LOS ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO EN COLOMBIA CAPÍTULO 2. DINÁMICA DE LA FRENADA: MARCO CONCEPTUAL Y TEÓRICO CAPÍTULO 3. APLICACIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIOS DE FÍSICA EN LA RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE ACCIDENTES DE TRÁNSITO CAPÍTULO 4. ASPECTOS DE ORDEN EXPERIMENTAL: LOS INSTRUMENTOS UTILIZADOS Y SU IMPORTANCIA CAPÍTULO 5. ASPECTOS DE ANÁLISIS DE DATOS DE LAS PRUEBAS DE FRENADO A MODO DE CONCLUSIÓN BIBLIOGRAFÍA PERFIL DE LOS(AS) AUTORES(AS)
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- 2022
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39. Assessment and Optimization of Friction Losses and Mechanical Efficiency in Internal Combustion Engines
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Jiménez Reyes, Antonio José
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Motor de combustión interna ,Engine simulation ,Pérdidas por fricción ,Aceite de baja viscosidad ,Low viscosity engine oil ,Pérdidas mecánicas ,Mechanical losses ,Tribología ,Modelo de lubricación ,MAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOS ,Friction losses ,Lubrication model ,Fricción del motor ,Engine friction ,Simulador de motor - Abstract
[ES] En la actualidad, el ambito del transporte mediante el uso de vehículo ligero sufre un gran cambio hacia la descarbonización. Cada vez más, las autoridades europeas restrigen las emisiones de gases de efectos invernaderos hacia la atmósfera emitidos por estos vehículos. Soluciones alternativas a la propulsión con energía fósil, como la implementación de vehículos eléctricos o híbridos, no está lo suficientemente desarrollada para sustituir a los motores de combustión interna alternativos (MCIA), debido a su todavía alto coste de producción y baja infrastructura para abastecer la demanda de energ ́ıa eléctrica. En este contexto, la transición hacia una movilidad sostenible y renovable sigue pasando por el aumento de la eficiencia y la reducción del consumo de combustible en motores de combustión interna. Una alternativa a la mejora de la eficiencia es la reducción de las pérdidas mecánicas por fricción, o en otras palabras, optimización de la tribología. La tribología en un MCIA lleva asociada aspectos mecánicos como la optimización de los acabados superficiales de los distintos componentes que conforman el motor y la optimización de propiedades física, químicas y reológicas del aceite que lo compone. Esta última solución presenta un alto ratio beneficio/coste, ya que su implementación no lleva asociada ninguna modificiación en el hardware y su implementación es directa. Uno de los objetivos de la Tesis Doctoral, es desarrollar un modelo 1D que contenga la información tribológica de un motor de combustión interna que no se puede obtener experimentalmente, que contribuya al entendimiento y optimización de las pérdidas mecánicas por fricción y que ahorre el coste experimental asociado a entender la tribología desde el punto de vista empírico. Estos parámetros van desde el espesor de película de aceite entre los componentes de un par rozante hasta la contribucción a la fricción de las componentes hidrodinámicas y de asperezas de cada elemento rozante. Adem ́as, se ha desarrollado un modelo cuasi estacionario para cuantificar la energ ́ıa disipada por fricción en un ciclo de conducción real y el consumo de combustible asociado al mismo. As ́ı pues, a través de este modelo, se implementan soluciones que pasan desde aceites optimizados reológicamente hasta acabados superficiales de baja rugosidad, entendiendo la fenomenología asociada a cada tecnología y aportando parámetros claves para la optimización de dicha solución. Finalmente, se estima el ahorro en términos de consumo de combustible que se puede alcanzar con estas soluciones implementadas mediante el modelo cuasi estacionario en condiciones de conducción real, [EN] Currently, the field of light-duty vehicle transport is undergoing a major shift towards decarbonisation. Increasingly, European authorities are restricting emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from these vehicles. Alternative solutions to fossil fuel propulsion, such as the implementation of electric or hybrid vehicles, are not sufficiently developed to replace internal combustion engine alternatives (ICEs), due to their still high production cost and low infrastructure to meet the demand for electric power. In this context, the transition towards sustainable and renewable mobility continues to be based on increasing efficiency and reducing fuel consumption in internal combustion engines. An alternative to improving efficiency is the reduction of mechanical frictional losses, or in other words, optimisation of tribology. Tribology in an MCIA is associated with mechanical aspects such as the optimisation of the surface finishes of the different components that make up the engine and the optimisation of the physical, chemical and rheological properties of the oil that makes up the engine. This last solution presents a high benefit/cost ratio, as its implementation does not involve any hardware modification and its implementation is straightforward. One of the objectives of the Doctoral Thesis is to develop a 1D model that contains the tribological information of an internal combustion engine that cannot be obtained experimentally, which contributes to the understanding and optimisation of mechanical friction losses and saves the experimental cost associated with understanding tribology from an empirical point of view. These parameters range from the oil film thickness between two tribological components to the contribution to friction of the hydrodynamic and roughness components of each friction element. In addition, a quasi-stationary model has been developed to quantify the energy dissipated by friction in a real driving cycle and the associated fuel consumption. Thus, through this model, solutions ranging from rheologically optimised oils to low roughness surface finishes are implemented, understanding the phenomenology associated with each technology and providing key parameters for the optimisation of the solution. Finally, the savings in terms of fuel consumption that can be achieved with these solutions implemented using the quasi-stationary model in real driving conditions are estimated., [CA] Actualment, l’àmbit del transport mitjan ̧cant l’us de vehicles lleugers pateix un gran canvi cap a la descarbonització. Cada vegada m ́es, les autoritats europees restringeixen les emissions de gasos d’efecte hivernacle cap a l’atmosfera emesos per aquests vehicles. Les solucions alternatives a la propulsió amb energia fòssil, com la implementació de vehicles elèctrics o híbrids, no està prou desenvolupada per substituir els motors de combustió interna alternatius (MCIA), a causa del seu encara alt cost de producció i baixa infraestructura per abastir la demanda d’energia elèctrica. En aquest context, la transició cap a una mobilitat sostenible i renovable continua passant per l’augment de l’eficiència i la reducció del consum de combustible en motors de combustió interna. Una alternativa per a la millora de l’eficiència es la reducció de les pèrdues mecàniques per fricció, o en altres paraules, la optimització del comportament tribològic del motor. La tribologia en un MCIA porta associada aspectes mecànics com ara l’optimització dels acabats superficials dels diferents components que conformen el motor i l’optimització de propietats física, químiques i reològiques de l’oli que va a emprar. Aquesta ́ultima solució presenta una alta ratio benefici/cost, ja que la seva implementació no porta associada cap modificació de la màquina i la seva implementació ́es directa. Un dels objectius de la Tesi Doctoral es desenvolupar un model 1D que permet obtindré la informació tribològica d’un motor de combustió interna que no es pot obtenir experimentalment, que contribueixi a l’enteniment i l’optimització de les pèrdues mecàniques per fricció i que estalvi ̈ı el cost experimental associat a entendre la tribologia des del punt de vista empíric. Aquests paràmetres van des de l’espessor de pel·lícula d’oli entre els components d’un parell tribològic fins a la contribució a la fricció dels components amb regim hidrodinàmic i de la rugositat de cada element. A més, s’ha desenvolupat un model gairebé estacionari per quantificar l’energia dissipada per fricció en un cicle de conducció real i el consum de combustible associat. Així, a traves d’aquest model, s’implementen solucions que passen des d’olis optimitzats reològicament fins a acabats superficials de baixa rugositat, entenent la fenomenologia associada a cada tecnologia i aportant paràmetres clau per optimitzar aquesta solució. Finalment, s’estima l’estalvi en termes de consum de combustible que es pot assolir amb aquestes solucions implementades mitjan ̧cant el model quasi estacionari en condicions de conducció real., Agradezco al programa de Formación de Profesorado Universitario del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades por soportar financieramiente mis estudios doctorales (FPU18/02116) y la estancia de investigación que contribuyó a aumentar los conocimientos desarrollados en la presente tesis doctoral (EST21/00451).
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- 2022
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40. Effect of drying and grinding characteristics of colored potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) on tribology of mashed colored potato paste.
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Park, Hyeon Woo and Yoon, Won Byong
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POTATO drying , *GRINDING & polishing , *MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
The mouthfeel of mashed potato prepared with steamed purple flesh potato (SPFP) was investigated by measuring tribological and rheological characteristics. Mathematical models describing pre-processes such as drying and grinding associated with physical properties of mashed potato were also explored. The effect of drying temperature (60, 70, 80, and 90°C) on quality changes (moisture and anthocyanin content) of SPFP was successfully described (R2 > 0.9583). The sigmoid model was suitably applied to estimate particle sizes of dried SPFP during grinding (R2 > 0.9864). As the particle size of mashed SPFP increased, friction coefficient increased, and storage and loss modulus decreased. Taste, smoothness, and after-feel sensation were increased as particle sizes decreased, while appearance and odor showed no significant differences. To predict the sensory property using tribology and rheology, the specific conditions were successfully determined (R2 > 0.9926). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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41. Evaluation of the lubricating power of chemical modified Sesame oil additivated with Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles.
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Delgado-Tobón, Arnoldo Emilio, Aperador-Chaparro, William Arnulfo, and Misnaza-Rodríguez, Yaneth Gabriela
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SESAME oil , *CRYSTALLIZATION , *SOLIDIFICATION , *ALUMINUM oxide , *TRIBOLOGY - Abstract
Biolubricant from modified sesame oil (Sesamumindicum L.) was produced. The lubricant base consists of a mixture in a volume ratio of 74 parts of epoxidized sesame and 26 parts of transesterified sesame oil. This mixture was characterized by FT-IR, thermo-oxidative stability was determined and heating and cooling curves were performed, where a crystallization and solidification temperature of -8°C was obtained. To improve the lubricating capacity of the oil blend concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% of copper nanoparticles (NPsCu) and alumina nanoparticles (NPsAl2O3) were added, which had been subjected to tribological tests for the wear scar measurement and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The addition of NPsCu and NPsAl2O3 improved the lubricating power of oil base-stock. The NPsCu percentage in modified sesame oil that showed the best lubricating performance was in the interval between 0.15-0.2; as for the oil with NPsAl2O3 better result was obtained with 0,05% of NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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42. Evaluation of the lubricating power of sweet almond oil without additives.
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Delgado-Tobón, Arnoldo Emilio, Aperador-Chaparro, William Arnulfo, and García-Cáceres, Rafael Guillermo
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MECHANICAL wear , *LUBRICATION & lubricants , *FRETTING corrosion , *TRIBOLOGY , *MECHANICAL engineering , *PREVENTION - Abstract
The lubricity of sweet almond oil (Prunus amygdalus var. Dulcis) was evaluated through Anti Wear (AW) properties and Extreme Pressure (EP) performance in a four-ball tribometer. The results were compared to those obtained with two mineral oils of contrasting viscosity, namely technical white mineral oil and delta 360 plasticizer, neither of them containing additives. Sweet almond oil was found to have greater lubricity than the mineral oils, as the spheres it lubricated had lower average wear track diameter and friction coefficient. In addition, sweet almond oil showed better performance under extreme pressure conditions and a greater weld point than mineral oils. Finally, an FTIR spectroscopic analysis allowed determining that under the conditions of the current assays almond oil does not oxidize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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43. Investigación de la variación del coeficiente de rozamiento en biomateriales en tribómetros reciprocantes
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Gomis Navarro, Joan
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Tribology ,Tribómetro ,COF ,Tribología ,INGENIERIA MECANICA ,CIENCIA DE LOS MATERIALES E INGENIERIA METALURGICA ,Ensayos de materiales ,Materials testing ,Tribometer ,Grado en Ingeniería Mecánica-Grau en Enginyeria Mecànica - Abstract
[ES] El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar la variación del coeficiente de fricción (COF) en distintas condiciones en el ensayo de materiales metálicos para usos biomédicos. Para ello se empleará un tribómetro reciprocante que permite aplicar distintos tipos de movimiento, así como distintos valores de presión y diferentes condiciones de las superficies. El COF es un parámetro fundamental para describir el comportamiento tribológico de materiales y su obtención únicamente se puede hacer de forma experimental. Los valores obtenidos resultan de vital importancia en simulaciones numéricas de interés para el diseño de implantes médicos y la selección del metal más apropiado. El trabajo del estudiante consistirá en la programación del tribómetro y realización de los ensayos. Posteriormente se realizará el postproceso y discusión de los resultados., [EN] The aim of this work is to investigate the coefficient of friction¿s variation in different conditions in the testing of metallic materials for biomedical uses. For this purpose, it has been used a reciprocating tribometer which allows the application of several types of movement, as well as different values of pressure and frequency. The COF is an essential parameter for describing the tribological behavior of materials and it only can be obtained experimentally. The values obtained are especially important in numerical simulations of interest for the design of medical implants and the selection of the most appropriate metal. The work of the student consists in the tribometer programming and the performance of the tests. Subsequently the data treatment and the discussion of the results is going to be realized., [CA] L’objectiu d’aquest treball és investigar la variació del coeficient de fricció (COF) en diferents condicions en l’assaig de materials metàl·lics per a fins biomèdics. Per a això s’utilitzarà un tribòmetre reciprocant que permitix aplicar diferents tipus de moviment, així com diferents valors de pressió i freqüència. El COF és un paràmetre fonamental per a descriure el comportament tribològic de materials i la seua obtenció únicament es pot fer de forma experimental. Els valors obtinguts són molt importants en les simulacions numèriques d’interès per al disseny d’implants mèdics i la selecció del material més apropiat. El treball de l’estudiant consistirà en la programació del tribòmetre i la realització dels assajos . Posteriorment es realitzarà el tractament de les dades i la discussió dels resultats.
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- 2022
44. Caracterização tribológica da lubrificação sólida
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Juste, Karyne Ramos de Campos, Mello, José Daniel Biasoli de, Raslan, Alberto Arnaldo, Costa, Henara Lillian, Klein, Aloísio Nelmo, and Rocha, Luís Augusto Sousa Marques da
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ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA MECANICA [CNPQ] ,Tribologia ,Self-lubricating sintered steels ,Lubrificantes sólidos ,Nanopartículas ,Nanoparticles ,Solid lubricant ,Aços sinterizados autolubrificantes - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico This work aims to study the tribological behavior of two solid lubricant materials used in different conditions: nanoparticles as additives for lubrication fluids and self-lubricating sintered steels. The synthetic base oil with different concentrations and kinds of nanoparticles (MoS2 particles, MoS2 nanoflowers, carbon nanotubes+MoS2, silver nanoparticles) was extensively evaluated through tribological tests: ball on disk scuffing; ball on disk constant load (250 N, 20min. duration) and constant load (2N, 20min. duration) reciprocating linear sliding tests assessing friction coefficient. None of the nanoparticles affected the friction coefficient in a significant way. The nanoparticles were found to be an aggregated state. On the other hand, the effect of sintering temperatures (1100, 1150 and 1200 °C) and precursor content (0-5%) on the tribological behavior of self-lubricating sintered steels, produced by metal injection molding (MIM), was analyzed by using linear reciprocating sliding tests (constant load 7N, 60 min. duration). Solid lubrication effect was produced by in situ formation of graphite nodules due to the dissociation of precursor (SiC particles) during sintering. It was shown that presence of the graphite nodules significantly improved the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the alloys and that the sintering temperature little affected these parameters. Chemical analyses of the wear scars by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) showed the presence of a tribolayer composed predominantly by carbon and oxygen. The graphite on the samples contributed to the formation of the tribolayer on the contact interface. It is suggested that during sliding graphite foils are removed from the in situ generated graphite nodules and remain at the interface thus contributing to the formation of the protective tribolayer. This tribolayer breaks up and forms during sliding and it is continuously replenished by graphite. Analyses of the wear scars showed the presence of plastic deformation traces on the samples and counter-bodies and the predominance of the wear mechanism by abrasion. Study of the influence of roughness surface showed that polishing the surfaces closed the graphite sources due to plastic deformation. This fact has resulted in a friction coefficient higher than 0.2, which means that, in this condition, this material does not act anymore as solid lubricant. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento tribológico de dois materiais lubrificantes sólidos usados em diferentes condições: nanopartículas como aditivos de lubrificantes fluidos e aços sinterizados autolubrificantes. O óleo sintético, com diferentes concentrações e tipos de nanopartículas (partículas MoS2, nanoflores de MoS2, nanotubos de carbono + MoS2, nanopartículas de prata), foi extensivamente avaliado por meio de testes tribológicos: pino sobre disco sob carga variável (scuffing) e constante (250N, durante 20 minutos) e deslizamento linear alternado (2N, durante 20 minutos). O coeficiente de atrito não apresentou alterações significativas com a presença das nanopartículas no óleo, sendo esse comportamento atribuído ao estado de aglomeração das mesmas. Por outro lado, o efeito da temperatura de sinterização (1100, 1150 e 1200 ° C) e do teor de precursor (0-5%) no comportamento tribológico dos aços sinterizados autolubrificantes, produzidos por moldagem de pós por injeção (MIM), foram analisados por meio de testes de deslizamento linear alternado sob carga constante (7N, durante 60 minutos). O efeito de lubrificação sólida foi produzido pela formação in situ de nódulos de grafita devido à dissociação do precursor (SiC) durante a sinterização. Foi mostrado que a presença de nódulos de grafita melhorou significativamente o coeficiente de atrito e a taxa de desgaste das ligas, e que a temperatura de sinterização pouco afetou estes parâmetros. As análises químicas das marcas de desgaste por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM-EDX) e espectroscopia por elétron auger (AES) mostraram a presença de uma tribocamada composta predominantemente por carbono e oxigênio. Sugeriu-se que durante o deslizamento as folhas de grafita são removidas dos nódulos gerados in situ e permanecem na interface contribuindo assim para a formação da tribocamada protetora. Esta, por sua vez, rompe-se e forma-se durante o deslizamento sendo continuamente reabastecida pela grafita. As análises das marcas de desgaste das amostras e dos contra-corpos mostraram a presença de sulcos produzidos por deformações plásticas e a predominância do mecanismo de desgaste por abrasão. Estudos da influência da rugosidade superficial mostraram que as superfícies polidas apresentaram o fechamento das fontes de grafita devido à deformação plástica. Este fato deu origem a um coeficiente de atrito superior a 0.2, o que significa que, nestas condições, o material deixa de atuar como lubrificante sólido. Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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- 2022
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45. Development of hydrogenated Diamond like-Carbon deposited by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) to use in the automobile industry
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Costa, André Cordeiro, Ferreira, Fábio Emanuel de Sousa, and Oliveira, João Carlos Barbas de
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Segmentos de pistão ,Tribologia ,Tribology ,Piston Rings ,HiPIMS ,DOMS ,DLC hidrogenado ,Hydrogenated DLC - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia As perdas de energia por atrito representam uma grande cota parte da energia criada pelo motor a combustão. Para aumentar a eficiência dos seus motores, a indústria automóvel tem lutado para fazer diminuir essas mesmas perdas. Para isso, estas têm aplicado medidas para diminuir perdas por atrito nos componentes dos motores. Uma das grandes zonas onde essas perdas acontecem é entre os segmentos de pistão e as paredes do cilindro. Esta indústria tem apostado em novas tecnologias que permitam fazer descer essas perdas de energia. Nessas tecnologias estão inseridos os revestimentos dos segmentos de pistão, mais propriamente, filmes de carbono amorfo conhecido por DLC (Diamond Like Carbon). Neste estudo, filmes de DLC foram depositados pelo método DOMS, variante do método HiPIMS. Esses filmes foram depositados com conteúdos de hidrogénio cada vez maiores, e as suas características mecânicas, morfológicas e tribológicas foram estudadas. Isto tudo para verificar se esse aumento no teor de hidrogénio é benéfico para o uso em revestimentos de segmentos de pistão no que toca a melhorar perdas de energia por atrito. Essa variação no conteúdo de hidrogénio foi conseguida com o aumento da percentagem de metano na atmosfera da câmara de deposição. Esta variação permitiu a deposição de filmes com durezas superiores a 10GPa, com coeficientes de atrito inferiores a 0,16 e também taxas de desgaste na ordem dos 10-16 mm3/mN. A inserção de maiores quantidades de hidrogénio também mudou a morfologia da superfície dos filmes, bem como que aumentou as taxas de deposição em aproximadamente 27%. Este estudo permitiu verificar que a inserção de 10% de metano na câmara de deposição, permitiu criar filmes com percentagens atómicas de hidrogénio próximas dos 30%. O que fez descer a dureza dos filmes em aproximadamente 40%, os coeficientes de atrito em 30%, e proporcionou um aumento de taxa de desgaste para o triplo do valor mais pequeno obtido para o filme com menos hidrogénio na sua constituição. Logo com o aumento do hidrogénio num filme de DLC, provou-se o amolecimento do filme, a descida do atrito e também o aumento do desgaste. Concluindo, filmes muito hidrogénio (~25%) embora tenham bons coeficientes de atrito, são macios e desgastam-se muito, o que impede de ser usados em anéis de pistões. Friction energy losses represent a large share of the energy created by the combustion engine. To increase the efficiency of its engines, the automotive industry has been fighting to reduce these losses. For this, they have applied measures to reduce friction losses in engine components. One of the zones where the loss by friction is higher, is in the piston rings surface. So, this industry as made efforts to apply innovative technologies to decrease the losses of energy in this place. One of these technologies are surface coatings, more properly, hard carbon coatings, known by DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) coatings. In this work, DLC films were deposited using the DOMS method, which varied from the HiPIMS method. Those films were deposited with increasingly higher hydrogen content, and then, their mechanical, morphological and tribological properties were studied. All of this to verify if the higher hydrogen content is beneficial for the use in piston rings coatings with the purpose of decreasing friction losses. The variation in the hydrogen content was achieved by increasing the methane percentage inside the deposition chamber during the deposition, from 0% to 10%. All the films presented hardness above 10GPa, friction coefficient lower than 0.16 and specific wear rates in the order of 10-16 mm3/mN. The hydrogen content also changed the morphology of the films’ surface, as well as increased its deposition rates by 27%. In general, the insertion of 10% methane allowed hydrogen atomic presence of approximately 30%. Which caused a 40% hardness decrease, a 30% friction coefficient decrease, and the film with the most hydrogen almost tripled the specific wear rate in relation to the film with less hydrogen presence. Therefore, the increase of the hydrogen in the DLC film, caused the softening of the film, decreased its coefficient of friction and increased the wear. This allows to conclude that DLC films with higher hydrogen content (~25%) are not practical for the use in piston rings coatings, because the lower hardness and higher wear rate, comparing to the low hydrogen and hydrogen free DLC.
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- 2022
46. Produção e caracterização tribológica de revestimentos duros para aplicações de alta performance
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Sanches, José Pedro da Fonseca, Ferreira, Fábio Emanuel de Sousa, and Serra, Ricardo Gil Henriques
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Tribologia ,Tribology ,WCTiN ,Co-Sputtering ,Wear Resistance ,Co-Pulverização catódica ,HiPIMS ,Resistência ao desgaste - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia Mecânica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Revestimentos duros tais como carbonetos/nitretos metálicos transicionais de apresentam grande interesse devido às suas propriedades inerentes dos elementos que os compõem. Por exemplo, carboneto de tungsténio possui propriedades como ponto de fusão alto, extrema dureza, inerência química, resistência à oxidação e boa condutividade elétrica, propriedades que estão enraizadas no progresso do estudo dos materiais e nas engenharias devido à sua necessidade e pela suas aplicações industriais, nomeadamente criação de revestimentos resistentes a desgaste e o seu uso em ferramentas de corte e perfuração. No entanto, estas propriedades, mecânicas e tribológicas, podem ser melhoradas com o aumento da quantidade de fases cerâmicas nanocristalina. Estes revestimentos podem ser produzidos por diversos processos de deposição. Entre as diversas escolhas, pulverização catódica assistida por magnetrão pareceu ser o candidato ideal para a deposição de revestimentos finos que conseguem atestar este objetivo, tendo características desejáveis como taxa de deposição alta, boa adesão, relativa simplicidade e aceitação global na indústria.Este trabalho consiste na deposição e estudo do filme fino de WCTiN obtido por um método de co-pulverização catódica para deposição composto por DCMS (Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering) e DOMS (Deep Oscillation Magnetron Sputtering), último como uma variação de HiPIMS (High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering). Para análise e desenvolvimento deste revestimento duro será manipulado a polarização do substrato e a corrente de pico na fonte de HiPIMS, com o propósito de perceber a influencia que estes parâmetros têm nas propriedades mecânicas e tribológicas e tentar obter-se o revestimento com o melhor desempenho possível. Hard coatings such as those of transitional metal carbides/nitrides present great interest due to inherent properties of the elements that compose them. Taking tungsten carbide as an example, such properties englobe high melting point, extreme hardness, chemical inertness, oxidation resistance and good electrical conductivity, traits that are deep rooted in the advancement of material study and engineering for their desirability and usability in industrial applications such as fabrication of wear resistant coatings as well as cutting and drilling tools. Yet, such mechanical and tribological properties can be further improved with increasing amount of nanocrystalline ceramic phases. These coatings are deposited via various deposition processes. From various possible choices, magnetron sputtering seemed as the ideal candidate for deposition of a thin film that can attest to this objective, with attractive characteristics such as high attainable deposition rates, good adhesion, relative simplicity, and wide acceptance by the industry. This work will consist of deposition and study of WCTiN thin film obtained by a co-sputtering method of deposition which is comprised of Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering (DCMS) and Deep Oscillations Magnetron Sputtering (DOMS), a variant of High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS). For analysis and development of this hard coating, substrate polarization and peak power of the HiPIMS source will be altered to understand its influence on the films mechanical and tribological properties and obtained the best performing coating.
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- 2022
47. A comparison of texturized surfaces for ring-cylinder through deterministic simulation
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Samuel Anísio Nunes Silva Silva, Profito, Francisco, Costa, Henara, Rosenkranz, Andreas, and da Silva, Washington Martins
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ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA MECANICA [CNPQ] ,Lubrificação Mista ,Simulação de Lubrificação ,Deterministic Modeling ,Tribologia ,Tribology ,Mixed Lubrication ,Engenharia Mecânica ,Modelagem Determinística ,Texturização ,Lubrication Simulation ,Texturing ,Motores de combustão interna - Abstract
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Uma comparação entre diferentes superfícies texturizadas é feita a partir de simulações determinísticas do regime misto de lubrificação com o objetivo principal de indicar uma superfície que mais beneficie uma aplicação em um par pistão-cilindro de motor de combustão interna. A simulação determinística da lubrificação mista é baseada no cálculo das pressões de contato entre asperidades e na solução da equação de Reynolds com modelo de cavitação conservativo para o cálculo da pressão hidrodinâmica média gerada entre superfícies rugosas reais. Fez-se a caracterização de quatro superfícies texturizadas, das quais se derivaram mais cinco, após executar uma remoção das asperidades mais acentuadas (em especial aquelas ao redor dos bolsos de texturização) e a modificação da densidade de texturas. As superfícies foram simuladas para doze diferentes velocidades para que fosse abrangido todo o percurso do pistão. Os resultados concluíram indicação da aplicação da superfície brunida com polimento superficial adicional nas regiões de Ponto Morto Superior e Ponto Morto Inferior, para evitar o desgaste, e a aplicação de superfície texturizada na região central, com a finalidade de diminuir o consumo de combustível. Ademais, a remoção de protuberâncias ao redor dos bolsos texturizados e a diminuição da densidade de texturização tende a aumentar a pressão hidrodinâmica. A comparison of different textured surfaces is made using a deterministic simulation analysis of mixed lubrication with the main objective of indicating a surface that most benefits an application in a piston-cylinder pair of an internal combustion engine. The lubrication simulation solves the modified Reynolds equation proposed by Elrod-Adams for the calculation of the scaled hydrodynamic pressure and the scaled hydrodynamic shear-stress. In addition, the simulation calculates a Li and Chen approach of contact roughness model for Twin Land Oil Control Rings (TLOCRs) to obtain the asperity contact curves. Four original textured surfaces were characterized and they generated five additional surfaces, four of them after removing the peaked asperities (especially those around textures) and one had its texture density modified. The surfaces were simulated for twelve different speeds to cover the entire piston stroke. The results concluded that there is an indication for an application of the honed-textured surface with additional polishing in the regions of Top Dead Centre and Bottom Dead Cent, to avoid wear, and the application of a textured surface in the central region, in order to reduce fuel consumption. Additionally, removing protuberances around the texture pockets and decreasing texture density tends to increase hydrodynamic pressure. Dissertação (Mestrado) 2024-08-29
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- 2022
48. Wear Mechanisms in Press Hardening: An Analysis through Comparison of Tribological Tests and Industrial Tools
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Jaume Pujante, Eduard Garcia-Llamas, Giselle Ramírez, Nuria Cuadrado, Agim Ademaj, Montserrat Vilaseca, Daniel Casellas, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Ciència i Enginyeria de Materials
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press hardening ,Tribologia ,wear ,Applied Mechanics ,Teknisk mekanik ,Mechanical Engineering ,Tribology (Interacting Surfaces including Friction, Lubrication and Wear) ,tribology ,Tribologi (ytteknik omfattande friktion, nötning och smörjning) ,Enginyeria dels materials [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,AlSi-coated boron steel ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Abstract
Press hardened components have become widespread in the automotive industry in structural and crash-resistant applications, thanks to the combination of the complex shapes and high mechanical properties obtained. However, the press hardening of coated boron steel results in severe adhesive-based wear, with tool maintenance being required in as few as 3000 cycles. The current industrial implementation of press hardening is defined to work around this phenomenon. While this aspect has been studied by different authors, most of the literature deals with laboratory-scale tribosimulators, leaving an open question into how this knowledge transfers to macroscopic effects on the industrial process. In this work, wear in press hardening is studied by comparing the results obtained in laboratory conditions with a pilot-scale line, and finally, with wear mechanisms observed on industrial tools. The aim of this study is to consolidate the current knowledge about the micro-mechanisms involved, and to understand to what extent the existing tests reproduce the actual mechanisms observed in the press floor. The results show how material transfer mainly happens as an accumulation of dust compacted into initial defects on the tool surface. Moreover, this mechanism is effectively reproduced in laboratory tribosimulators and pilot environments, showing a similar morphology to wear on industrial tools. The work sheds light on the underlying causes of wear, and its potential mitigation strategies. Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-06-07 (hanlid);Funder: European Commission Research Fund for Coal and Steel (RFCS-CT-2011-00023); Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University Retos-Colaboración 2017 Project RTC-2017-6448-4 INNOESTAMP TestTool
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- 2023
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49. Efecto de los patrones de texturización y dopaje en fricción seca
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Marín García, Fulgencio, Balibrea Gallego, Francisco, Automática, Ingeniería Eléctrica y Tecnología Electrónica, Solano Ramírez, Joaquín, Marín García, Fulgencio, Balibrea Gallego, Francisco, Automática, Ingeniería Eléctrica y Tecnología Electrónica, and Solano Ramírez, Joaquín
- Abstract
[SPA] La fricción es un fenómeno físico que afecta a todos los aspectos de la vida. Recientemente se ha descubierto que Da Vinci realizó estudios sobre fricción a finales del siglo XV, dando así, el comienzo de la tribología, pero estos estudios han pasado desapercibidos durante mucho tiempo. Ya en el siglo XVII el físico francés Amontons "redescubrió" la fricción. Después de seis siglos aún está siendo estudiada, y queda mucho recorrido para comprender el fenómeno físico por completo. La complejidad del problema está en las diferentes escalas del fenómeno, micróscopica y macroscópica. También es diferente el comportamiento de la fricción bajo condiciones estáticas y dinámicas. El fenómeno físico de la fricción es muy sensible a los valores de los parámetros definitorios, llegando a presentar comportamientos caóticos. Se han desarrollado diferentes modelos, que, con sus simplificaciones, son válidos para ciertos casos, aunque no existe, por el momento, una ley general de fricción. Se ha utilizado, en esta tesis, el método de redes para la resolución de varios casos de fricción seca, como son las superficies texturizadas y dopadas, en microescala y nanoescala, comprobando los efectos que estos tienen sobre la fricción. En el Capítulo 2 se ha hecho una revisión de las diferentes formulaciones del fenómeno de la fricción, de las superficies involucradas en el fenómeno y del planteamiento de los problemas que serán analizados en esta tesis. En el Capítulo 3 se ha revisado el método de cálculo que usa el programa NGSpice, se han obtenido las gráficas de error para los métodos numéricos empleados y, para concluir, se ha analizado la estabilidad del sistema mediante el uso de los exponentes de Lyapunov. El Capítulo 4 está centrado en el diseño de los diferentes modelos en red, así como las condiciones iniciales de cada problema. El código ha sido desarrollado con Octave para tener un proceso automatizado de escritura, que posteriormente, NGSpice leerá para poder obtener la
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- 2022
50. Revisión del estado del arte de la aplicación de nanopartículas en los lubricantes para mejorar sus propiedades tribológicas
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Jiménez Cordero, Bryan Joel, Guillén Matute, Julio Efraín, and García Tobar, Milton Oswaldo
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INGENIERÍA AUTOMOTRIZ ,FRICCIÓN (MECÁNICA) ,NANOLUBRICANTES ,ACEITES LUBRICANTES ,TRIBOLOGÍA - Abstract
En este artículo se realiza la revisión del estado del arte de la aplicación de nanopartículas en lubricantes, para mejorar sus propiedades tribológicas. Se presenta los procesos para la preparación, estabilización y comprobación de los nanolubricantes, así como los resultados obtenidos por los autores de los artículos revisados. This article reviews the state of the art of the application of nanoparticles in lubricants to reduce the coefficient of friction. The processes for the preparation, stabilisation and testing of nanolubricants are presented, as well as the results obtained by the authors of the articles reviewed.
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- 2022
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