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The current research examines how the knowledge that a product is made using a traditional method influences perceptions of its quality. We propose that consumers believe that a brand using traditional methods is beneficial for society because it is concerned about cultural preservation and this belief has a positive effect on perceived quality. Six experimental studies show that consumers evaluate products produced with a method described as traditional to be higher in quality than similar products that are not described as traditionally made and this effect is mediated by the belief that the brand is beneficial for society. Consistent with this theory, the positive effect of traditional production on perceived quality is attenuated when consumers view the brand to be unconcerned about cultural preservation, such as when the use of a traditional method is framed as a follower strategy (i.e. it imitates the actions of other brands) or when the brand is a multinational company. By showing that the mere mention of a traditional method can be another subtle way to position a brand as a moral actor, these findings contribute to the understanding of the link between perceived social responsibility and product evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kavaratamide A (1), a new linear lipodepsipeptide possessing an unusual isopropyl-O-methylpyrrolinone moiety, was discovered from the tropical marine filamentous cyanobacterium Moorena bouillonii collected from Kavaratti, India. A comparative chemogeographic analysis of M. bouillonii collected from six different geographical regions led to the prioritized isolation of this metabolite from India as distinctive among our data sets. AI-based structure annotation tools, including SMART 2.1 and DeepSAT, accelerated the structure elucidation by providing useful structural clues, and the full planar structure was elucidated based on comprehensive HRMS, MS/MS fragmentation, and NMR data interpretation. Subsequently, the absolute configuration of 1 was determined using advanced Marfey's analysis, modified Mosher's ester derivatization, and chiral-phase HPLC. The structures of kavaratamides B (2) and C (3) are proposed based on a detailed analysis of their MS/MS fragmentations. The biological activity of kavaratamide A was also investigated and found to show moderate cytotoxicity to the D283-medullablastoma cell line.

BackgroundAcupuncture shows promise as an effective nonpharmacologic option for reduction of acute pain in the emergency department (ED). Following CONSORT and STRICTA guidelines, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) generally report intervention details and acupoint options, but fidelity to acupuncture interventions, critical to reliability in intervention research, is rarely reported.MethodsACUITY is an NCCIH-funded, multi-site feasibility RCT of acupuncture in 3 EDs (Cleveland, Nashville, and San Diego). ACUITY acupuncturists were trained in study design, responsive acupuncture manualization protocol, logistics and real-time recording of session details via REDCap forms created to track fidelity.ResultsAcross 3 recruiting sites, 79 participants received acupuncture: 51 % women, 43 % Black/African American, with heterogeneous acute pain sites at baseline: 32 % low back, 22 % extremity, 20 % abdominal, 10 % head. Pragmatically, participants were treated in ED common areas (52 %), private rooms (39 %), and semi-private rooms (9 %). Objective tracking found 98 % adherence to the six components of the acupuncture manualization protocol: staging, number of insertion points (M = 13.2, range 2-22), needle retention time (M = 23.5 min, range 4-52), session length (M = 40.3 min, range 20-66), whether general recommendations were provided and completion of the session form.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first RCT to assess and report fidelity to an acupuncture protocol. Fidelity monitoring will be fundamental for ACUITY2, which would be a future definitive, multi-site RCT. Furthermore, we recommend that fidelity to acupuncture interventions be added to CONSORT and STRICTA reporting guidelines in future RCTs.Protocol registrationThe protocol of this study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04880733.

Marine-derived Streptomyces have long been recognized as a source of novel, pharmaceutically relevant natural products. Among these bacteria, the MAR4 clade within the genus Streptomyces has been identified as metabolically rich, yielding over 93 different compounds to date. MAR4 strains are particularly noteworthy for the production of halogenated hybrid isoprenoid natural products, a relatively rare class of bacterial metabolites that possess a wide range of biological activities. MAR4 genomes are enriched in vanadium haloperoxidase and prenyltransferase genes, thus accounting for the production of these compounds. Functional characterization of the enzymes encoded in MAR4 genomes has advanced our understanding of halogenated, hybrid isoprenoid biosynthesis. Despite the exceptional biosynthetic capabilities of MAR4 bacteria, the large body of research they have stimulated has yet to be compiled. Here we review 35 years of natural product research on MAR4 strains and update the molecular diversity of this unique group of bacteria.

BackgroundThis study evaluated the real-world impact of acupuncture on analgesics and healthcare resource utilization among breast cancer survivors.MethodsFrom a United States (US) commercial claims database (25% random sample of IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics), we selected 18-63 years old malignant breast cancer survivors experiencing pain and ≥ 1 year removed from cancer diagnosis. Using the difference-in-difference technique, annualized changes in analgesics [prevalence, rates of short-term (

BackgroundThe Veterans Health Administration tracks urine drug tests (UDTs) among patients on long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) and recommends discussing the health effects of cannabis use.ObjectiveTo determine the occurrence of cannabis-related discussions between providers and patients on LTOT during six months following UDT positive for cannabis, and examine factors associated with documenting cannabis use.DesignWe identified patients prescribed LTOT with a UDT positive for cannabis in 2019. We developed a text-processing tool to extract discussions around cannabis use from their charts.SubjectsTwelve thousand seventy patients were included. Chart review was conducted on a random sample of 1,946 patients.Main measuresThe presence of a cannabis term in the chart suggesting documented cannabis use or cannabis-related discussions. Content of those discussions was extracted in a subset of patients. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between patient factors, including state of residence legal status, with documentation of cannabis use.Key resultsAmong the 12,070 patients, 65.8% (N = 7,948) had a cannabis term, whereas 34.1% (N = 4,122) of patients lacked a cannabis term, suggesting that no documentation of cannabis use or discussion between provider and patient took place. Among the subset of patients who had a discussion documented, 47% related to cannabis use for medical reasons, 35% related to a discussion of VA policy or legal issues, and 17% related to a discussion specific to medical risks or harm reduction strategies. In adjusted analyses, residents of states with legalized recreational cannabis were less likely to have any cannabis-related discussion compared to patients in non-legal states [OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.64-0.82].ConclusionsOne-third of LTOT patients did not have documentation of cannabis use in the chart in the 6 months following a positive UDT for cannabis. Discussions related to the medical risks of cannabis use or harm reduction strategies were uncommon.

BackgroundPatients who undergo lumbar discectomy may experience ongoing lumbosacral radiculopathy (LSR) and seek spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) to manage these symptoms. We hypothesized that adults receiving SMT for LSR at least one year following lumbar discectomy would be less likely to undergo lumbar spine reoperation compared to matched controls not receiving SMT, over two years' follow-up.MethodsWe searched a United States network of health records (TriNetX, Inc.) for adults aged ≥ 18 years with LSR and lumbar discectomy ≥ 1 year previous, without lumbar fusion or instrumentation, from 2003 to 2023. We divided patients into two cohorts: (1) chiropractic SMT, and (2) usual care without chiropractic SMT. We used propensity matching to adjust for confounding variables associated with lumbar spine reoperation (e.g., age, body mass index, nicotine dependence), calculated risk ratios (RR), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and explored cumulative incidence of reoperation and the number of SMT follow-up visits.ResultsFollowing propensity matching there were 378 patients per cohort (mean age 61 years). Lumbar spine reoperation was less frequent in the SMT cohort compared to the usual care cohort (SMT: 7%; usual care: 13%), yielding an RR (95% CIs) of 0.55 (0.35-0.85; P = 0.0062). In the SMT cohort, 72% of patients had ≥ 1 follow-up SMT visit (median = 6).ConclusionsThis study found that adults experiencing LSR at least one year after lumbar discectomy who received SMT were less likely to undergo lumbar spine reoperation compared to matched controls not receiving SMT. While these findings hold promise for clinical implications, they should be corroborated by a prospective study including measures of pain, disability, and safety to confirm their relevance. We cannot exclude the possibility that our results stem from a generalized effect of engaging with a non-surgical clinician, a factor that may extend to related contexts such as physical therapy or acupuncture.RegistrationOpen Science Framework ( https://osf.io/vgrwz ).

The study explores the evolution of supervision in educational settings, focusing on the transition from traditional inspection methods to more developmental and clinical supervisory practices. Using a descriptive correlational research design, the study systematically examines the relationship between supervisory practices and teachers' efficacy in the Division of Cabuyao City. A self-constructed questionnaire, validated by experts and utilizing a Likert scale, was administered to public school teachers in Cabuyao to assess their perceptions of supervisory practices and their own efficacy. The findings indicate that supervisors, school heads, and master teachers in Cabuyao City public schools actively engage in pre-observation, classroom observation, and post-conference analysis, which are crucial for fostering a supportive learning environment. These practices include detailed pre-observation preparations, the use of COT-RPMS rating sheets, and constructive feedback during post-observation conferences. Additionally, the study reveals that elementary teachers in Cabuyao City demonstrate high levels of student engagement, effective instructional strategies, and strong classroom management skills. The research identifies a significant correlation between supervisory practices and teachers' efficacy, particularly in areas such as pre-observation conferences and classroom management. This suggests that enhanced supervisory practices lead to improved teacher performance, highlighting the need for a compilation of best supervisory practices to guide effective teacher supervision. The study contributes to the understanding of how supervisory practices impact teachers' professional growth and offers insights for improving educational supervision in public schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant studies have established that the dialectical historical relationship between man and the natural environment is one of the areas of human knowledge where history and environmentalist/geography share common borders, especially as it relates choice of selection of area of settlement and establishing strong economic base. While it has become almost impossible to complete any serious historical study without emphasizing the role of relevant environmental factors, among environmentalists as well as in geography this relationship is emphasized in the study of history and establishment of human settlement. This paper is thus an attempt at using some oral traditions among the Esan people at providing some historical examples based on knowledge of environment which over the years have affected (and still affecting) the selection of area for settlement among the various Esan people (as contained in the Oral Traditions of the people). Data obtained from primary and secondary sources (literature review and content analysis) were deployed to carry out the study with Environmental determinism and analytical/narrative historical method. Findings indicates that there is a dialectical historical relationship between man and the natural environment. It shows that (although not taken serious among western scholars), the oral tradition of the people considers the role of the environment in selecting area for human settlement especially in term of establishing strong economic base. Oral tradition on migration also identifies the great role played by the environment in regulating the relationship between occupational groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ochratoxin A (OTA), which is one of the most important mycotoxins in terms of human health, can be found in cereal products such as bread, "bazlama" (traditional flatbread), and pita bread, as well as cereals such as wheat, barley, and corn. This study aimed to determine the effect of different fermentation times, baking, and storage for various periods on the presence of OTA in sourdough bazlama. Bazlama flour was contaminated with OTA concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/kg. After two different fermentation times (1.5 and 3 h), baking at 300 ± 5°C, and storage at room temperature (25 ± 2°C) for 0, 5, and 10 days, the change in OTA levels of bazlama samples was determined by the high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC‐FLD) method. The effect of different storage periods on the presence of OTA is insignificant. Although a general decrease in OTA level has been determined, it has been found that long‐term fermentation (at least 3 h) was more effective, especially in flours with a high concentration (10 μg/kg) of OTA contamination. It has been determined that bazlama made from contaminated flours with OTA levels of 5 and 10 μg/kg contained OTA levels exceeding 3 μg/kg when long‐term fermentation was not used. This is the maximum permitted limit set by the Turkish Food Codex and the European Commission, indicating that it is not suitable for consumption in this position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The traditional teaching learning process is compartmentalized into different subjects, resulting in the subject being less grasped and learnt. Integration is known to increase effectiveness and efficiency of the teaching-learning process. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of integrated teaching learning process over the traditional method and also to elicit the perception of the students and the faculty. Methods and Results: 150 first year MBBS students were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group I (n=75) was exposed to the integrated teaching-learning method and group II (n=75) was exposed to the traditional teaching-learning method. The evaluation was done by multiple choice questions (MCQs). Student and faculty feedback & free comments were collected. Data was analysed by using SPSS 20.0 software. Data was expressed as mean & standard deviation. An independent sample t-test was applied for significance. Students and faculty showed a more positive perception towards the integrated teaching-learning program in comparison to the traditional teaching-learning program and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: Integrated Teaching Learning Program in the medical curriculum would fulfil the aim of bringing out medical doctors with a holistic approach toward the patients and the community while practicing medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The different points related to the study topic and Vygotsky's theory have been stated. The transition of traditional learning to digital learning has faced great changes mainly in this time of pandemic. The primary data collection process, descriptive method, and deductive approach of research have followed here. SPSS and ANOVA, frequency analysis, and correlation have been done here. Data has been gathered from different 55 students with 13 questions and their analysis is been stated here. The interpretation of data has been done with SPSS in this part. A comparison of the literature review and the relation between the results that are collected are analysed in this part. Thus, it can be concluded that the traditional learning practice created more impact on the engagement of students. The online teaching process has made less engagement in comparison with the traditional process. Students who wished to attend international classes but could not go to the places are taking online classes from home. Nevertheless, the relationship between the teacher and the student and their successes are hindered here so much so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this review paper we investigated the effect of note taking activity in learning process as an educational tool and the impacts of taking notes on cognitive prospective. We also tried to summarize traditional note taking tasks, activity, and styles and the implications of the individual factors of note taking. Finally, we summarized here the importance of traditional notes activities and the common features of produced notes. The article discusses the importance of traditional note-taking, its use methods and techniques. Traditional note-taking is linked to cognitive and learning theories. Individual note-taking and its effect on the concentration process are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to conceptualize the patterns of cultural change. Building on the seminal work of the German sociologist Tönnies and using eight cultural dimensions from Inglehart, Hofstede, Schwartz, and GLOBE, the study analyzes the patterns of cultural change at three distinct levels: (1) socio-economic development/modernization, (2) birth/migration, and (3) globalization/contact. The paper suggests that the path of cultural change is complex and dialectical. While socio-economic development shifts cultural values from traditional to modern, demographic pressures and migratory movements have opposite effects and reinforce traditional cultural values. Moreover, globalization and increasing contact between traditional and modern cultures create a constant blend and conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Passiflora foeitda Linn commonly known as rakhi plant is widely used in ayurveda and folk lore India traditional medicine. The various part of the plant is extensively used in the treatment of several disease and disorders of the human. The present review highlighted the phyto-chemistry, medicinal uses and some recent research done in the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of process evaluations (PEs) of diabetes self-management programs (DSMPs). Data Source: An electronic search using Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (Ensco), Academic Search (Ebsco), and APA PsycInfo (Ebsco). Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Peer-reviewed, empirical quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method studies were included if they (1) were a traditional, group-based DSMP, (2) involved adults at least 18 years with T1DM or T2DM, (3) were a stand-alone or embedded PE, and (4) published in English. Data Extraction: The following process evaluation outcomes were extracted: fidelity, dose delivered, dose received, reach, recruitment, retention, and context. Additional items were extracted, (eg, process evaluation type, data collection methods; theories; frameworks or conceptual models used to guide the process evaluation, and etc). Data Synthesis: Due to heterogeneity across studies, studies were synthesized qualitatively (narratively). Results: Sixty-eight studies (k) in 78 articles (n) (k = 68; n = 78) were included. Most were mixed methods of low quality. Studies were typically integrated into outcome evaluations vs being stand-alone, lacked theoretical approaches to guide them, and incorporated limited outcomes such as dose received, reach, and retention. Conclusion: Future research should 1) implement stand-alone theoretically grounded PE studies and 2) provide a shared understanding of standardized guidelines to conduct PEs. This will allow public health practitioners and researchers to assess and compare the quality of different programs to be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apiculture provides better livelihoods for about 144,000 men, women and youth in Kenya. However, various challenges and barriers are available that prevent the industry from flourishing. One of these challenges is the low hive colonization rate reported by Kenyan beekeepers, who mainly depend on swarm catching to increase colony numbers within their apiaries. Many different traditional plants are used to attract bee swarms, although they have not been tested and compared scientifically with the most used and cost‐effective bait in Africa, the beeswax, for improving swarm catches. To fill this knowledge gap, an ethnobotanical survey was carried out in Kenya to gain an in‐depth understanding of traditional apicultural practices used for hive baiting to attract swarms. Additionally, the volatile composition of traditional plants used as swarm lures was examined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and their effectiveness in catching swarms was evaluated in comparison to beeswax in the field. The survey results revealed that Ocimum kilimandscharicum, Cymbopogon nardus and Elaeodendron buchananii are the three commonly used traditional plants for baiting, chosen based on their aroma, abundance, ease of processing and durability. Notably, the volatiles emitted by O. kilimandscharicum plus beeswax attracted significantly two and half‐fold more bee swarms than the control (beeswax alone), whereas those of E. buchananii were the least attractive and similar to those of the control. These discrepancies may be partly due to the presence of small amounts of geraniol and citral in the essential oils of O. kilimandscharicum, which are characteristic compounds of the Nasonov gland pheromone from workers honey bees known to attract bee swarms. Overall, our findings suggest that adding O. kilimandscharicum to beeswax may significantly enhance bee swarm catches in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People who wrote about Africa had western-mindedness pushing their history back from the real stories all through the years till the twentieth century. The Africans were mentioned by the earlier writers as barbarians and animals. The real history of the black continent is unearthed by African historians and scholars with proper proof and authentication. The bias notion on the African ancient races could be washed off by the significant documents produced from archeological and historical evidence. The objective of this paper is to display the historically hidden treasures of African tradition and the rituals practiced in African regions that could play a different role in rethinking the study of the African continent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To outline the resources deemed most beneficial to medical students during their general surgery clerkship, as well as to examine their link to students' general surgery scores and the usage of artificial intelligence in general surgery study. Methods: A retrospective survey of Jordanian medical students from six universities was done between March and June 2023 using a 7-item questionnaire covering questions concerning general surgery study methods and scores. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate demographic data. Chi-square is used to evaluate categorical data, with a P value

Abstract Background Modern housing has been shown to reduce the risk of malaria infections compared to traditional houses; however, it is unclear if the effects differ in different malaria transmission settings. This study evaluated the effects of modern housing on malaria among different endemic areas. Methods Electronic databases, clinical trial registries and grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case–control studies, and cross-sectional surveys on housing done between 1987 and 2022. Forest plots were done, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation Framework. Results Twenty-one studies were included; thirteen were cross-sectional, four were case–control and four were cohort studies. Cohort studies showed an adjusted risk ratio of 0.68 (95% CI 0.48–0.96), and cross-sectional studies indicated an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.79 (95%CI 0.75–0.83). By endemic transmission regions, the adjusted odds ratio in the high endemic settings was 0.80 (95%CI 0.76–085); in the moderate transmission regions, aOR = 0.76 (95%CI 0.67–0.85) and in the low transmission settings, aOR = 0.67 (95%CI 0.48–0.85). Conclusions The evidence from observational studies suggests that there are no differences in the protective effects of modern houses compared to traditional houses on malaria by endemicity level. This implies that good quality modern housing protects against malaria regardless of the malaria transmission settings.

Abstract The group of vegetables known collectively as Kyo-yasai is a key part of food culture in Kyoto, once Japan’s capital city for over 1000 years. A favorable climate and other cultural influences enabled Kyo-yasai culture to flourish. This study reviews the history, work to preserve, and marketing of Kyo-yasai. It also summarizes the scientific research conducted in the past few decades concerning breeding, functionality, nutrition, and taxonomy to provide an overview of Kyo-yasai today. The first record of heirloom vegetables in Japan was in the third century. After Kyoto became the capital in 794, a variety of vegetables were gradually introduced, and these have been developed and selected as Kyo-yasai for many centuries now. However, F 1 vegetable cultivars became the national norm after World War II, and Kyo-yasai faced the risk of extinction. Consequently, farmers, researchers, municipalities, and other groups decided to preserve Kyo-yasai. In 1974, the Kyoto prefectural government began preserving Kyo-yasai seeds. At the time it also defined 37 heirloom vegetables as ‘traditional Kyo-yasai.’ Additionally, agricultural cooperatives, wholesale markets, restaurants, and municipalities started to promote sales of Kyo-yasai. Furthermore, a breeding program was set up by Kyoto prefectural institutes looking at ways of improving cultivation suitability. Functional and taxonomical research by Kyoto Prefectural University and other organizations has revealed not only that Kyo-yasai has higher functionality overall compared than common F 1 cultivars, but also the genomic uniqueness of Kyo-yasai. These efforts collectively improved our understanding of Kyo-yasai and promoted their production. The preservation of these heirloom vegetables has a clear benefit in that it would contribute to the diversity of species and food cultures.

Throughout history, medicinal plants have been the primary source for preventing and treating infectious diseases and other health issues. The flowering plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis, also called river red gum, is a member of the Myrtaceae family and has numerous traditional uses. The objectives of the present study were to identify the essential oil components of Eucalyptus camaldulensis using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), and to determine the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of ethanol, aqueous, and essential oil extracts from E. camaldulensis leaves. Addtionally, the essential oil constituents that were identified underwent an in silico analysis. The efficacy of various extracts in combat pathogens and free radicals was assessed through the utilization of the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), α-glucosidase inhibition, and disk diffusion methods. In terms of radical scavenging, reducing power, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, the essential oil showed strong antioxidant activity at 84.01 %, 20.1 mmol/g, and 78.2 %, respectively. The essential oil showed a potent antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with 12 and 14 mm inhibitions, respectively, which were higher than ampicillin's 9 and 6 mm inhibitions, respectively. The GCMS analysis showed that the following chemicals were the most common: cis-11-hexadecenal (10.2%), trans-13-octadecenoic acid (9.5%), and 6-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)-(8.8%). The α-glucosidase enzyme was targeted in a docking study to investigate the antidiabetic properties of the 42 phytochemicals found in the essential oil extract. The compound, namely 5.alpha.-Androstan-16-one, showed the highest binding affinities of −8.6 Kcal/mol during the docking screening of the 42 identified phytochemicals against α-glucosidase. These two compounds show potential as competitive α-glucosidase inhibitors. E. camaldulensis will be a particularly useful source to improve health and fight communicable and non-communicable diseases. Nonetheless, human evaluations of E. camaldulensis safety and effectiveness are necessary, and more well-planned clinical trials are needed to confirm our in vitro and in silico findings.

To introduce an approximately idea of distinct Cairene Downtown; as an international city between the Two World Wars, this paper examines the alliance between the traditional and the modern cities. It provides fundamentally an analytical historical background of the city’s urban life by discussing the major events of that period, its decline and changes, and the gradually increasing European intervention. Such relevant influences, development aspects, population expansion and building boom, structure and traffic; all these factors had a distinguished impact on Cairo’s urbanism and architecture. The basis for this vision is quoted from selected novels compiled by Yahya Hakki and Naguib Mahfouz, which illustrates the traditional city at the time, and provides glimpses of intimacy into Cairo in a fast transitional period which is still in progress. The exhaustive description of places, streets and districts, depicted in precise detail are extracted. The foreigners’ empathy about Cairo recorded in the travelers’ guidebooks during the same period, and which could be contradictory to the Egyptian fascination towards modernization, is also reviewed, to show the discrepancy between the two views that of westerners versus that of locals. This paper discusses briefly the distinct reactions towards the changes of the traditional and modern cities. Also, this paper examines the outcome of the European’s interpretation with respect to the relation between the old traditional and the new modern cities that constitute Cairo’s overall image. This is ended by the outcome of such a phenomenon characterized by the appearance of two diversified cities in Cairo. لتقديم فكرة تقريبية عن وسط مدينة القاهرة المتميز، والذي يعتبر مدينة عالمية خلال الفترة ما بين الحربين العالميتين، تتناول هذه الورقة العلاقة بين المدن التقليدية والحديثة. وهو يقدم بشكل أساسي خلفية تاريخية تحليلية للحياة الحضرية في المدينة من خلال مناقشة الأحداث الكبرى في تلك الفترة، وتراجعها وتغيراتها، والتدخل الأوروبي المتزايد تدريجيا في البلاد. بجانب التأثيرات ذات الصلة، وجوانب التنمية، والتوسع السكاني والطفرة العمرانية، والبنية وحركة المرور؛ وكان لكل هذه العوامل تأثير مميز على عمران وعمارة القاهرة. وأساس هذه الرؤية مقتبس من روايات مختارة جمعها كلا من الاديبين يحيى حقي ونجيب محفوظ، والتي توضح حياة المدينة القديمة في ذلك الوقت، وتقدم لمحات من العلاقة الحميمة بالقاهرة في فترة انتقالية سريعة والتي لا تزال مستمرة. يتم استخلاص الوصف الشامل للأماكن والشوارع والأحياء، والموضحة بتفاصيل دقيقة. كما سيتم استعراض تعاطف الأجانب مع القاهرة والمسجل في أدلة الرحالة خلال نفس الفترة، والذي قد يتعارض مع انجذاب وميل المصريين نحو التحديث. لذلك تتناول هذه الورقة بإيجاز ردود الفعل المتميزة تجاه التغيرات في الصورة العامة للمدن التقليدية والحديثة. كما تتناول هذه الورقة نتائج التفسير الغربيفيما يتعلق بالعلاقة بين المدن التقليدية القديمة والمدن الحديثة الجديدة والتي تشكل الصورة العامة للقاهرة. وينتهي ذلك بنتيجة هذه الظاهرة التي تتميز بظهور مدينتين متنوعتين في داخل القاهرة.

Mohamad Saleh Al-Saghbini,1 Mohammed Ali Fayyad,2 Lobna Gharaibeh3 1Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; 2Prosthodontics & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan; 3Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, JordanCorrespondence: Mohamad Saleh Al-Saghbini, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan, Tel +962790328827, Email Msaghbini@zu.edu.joAim: Medical literature revealed that there is a lack of information about the opinions of medical interns and residents about curricula provided to them during their undergraduate programs, either in a group of detached subjects or an incorporated and efficacious topic (ie, pathology).Purpose: To assess and compare the interns’ and residents’ perspectives towards Pathology as a subject. To recognize their opinions toward the relevance and application of Pathology while practicing clinically.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional online, self-administered questionnaire targeting interns and residents. The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions, enquiring about the demographic data, subject strength, teaching duration, interest in the subject, and usefulness of Pathology as a subject in clinical practice.Results: Overall, 103 participants completed the survey. The female and male percentage was 59.2% and 40.8% respectively. 86.4% of participants were interns, while 13.6% were residents. 87% of participants agreed that applying pathology during clinical practice is a skill that should be strengthened in the early stages of preclinical education of Medicine. A modest percentage believed that a practitioner could efficiently treat the majority of patients with no need to know the specifics of the pathological mechanisms involved. Most of the participants believed that pathology courses helped them in making a differential diagnosis, analysis of normal and pathological constituents, and dissection and identification of structures.Conclusion: This study highlights the positive perceptions of Jordanian interns and residents toward pathology courses. It also demonstrates that participants prefer an active and dynamic educational model with an emphasis on better integration of pathology courses and clinical experiences that fit their needs in clinical practice. Thus, we recommend future studies to compare the competencies of interns and residents enrolled in the courses with integrated medical curricula, of pathology versus those who studied the conventional medical curricula of pathology, as well as to evaluate their perceptions of medical education.Keywords: medical education, traditional, case-based, problem-based learning, clinical relevance, pathology

Ineffective use of learning methods in the conditions and circumstances of students caused the obtained learning objective not achieved or below the standard. This case was determined to be the background for this research. This article described and analyzed the comparative of efficacious methods, modern and traditional learning methods, in Arabic learning. This type of research was an experimental research with a descriptive quantitative approach. The population of this study were fourth-grade students in class IV-A, IV-B and IV-C at MI Al-Ma'had An-Nur Bantul Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, the sample for this research was class IV-A and IV-B with each class consisting of 21 students. The sample in this research was selected with purposive sampling technique. Data collection were obtained through tests, observations, interviews and documentation. Hypothesis testing in this study used a paired sample t-test calculated using the SPSS version 25 application. The results of this study showed that there was a difference in success between modern learning methods of 84.05 and traditional learning methods of 64.05 in accordance with the results of the paired sample test (t-test). Hence, it can be concluded that the results after modern learning methods implementation are considered more effective to apply in the Arabic language learning process. It was expected that the results of this research could be a reference for teachers in determining suitable learning methods for students in the teaching and learning process.

Abstract Fermentation is a traditional method of food preservation that is widely used for improving shelf life, food safety, and sensory and nutritional properties. Fermented fish are an integral part of numerous food cultures and are produced in different parts of the world. Bekasam is an Indonesian traditional fermented fish commonly used as a condiment in Indonesian dishes because of its umami taste. This review tries to elaborate on various aspects of bekasam. The emphasis of this work is related to cultural history, microfunctional properties, manufacturing processes, biochemical and nutritional properties, as well as their health benefits and safety concerns. Moreover, some challenges and directions for future research regarding bekasam are also discussed in this review. Further investigation into fermented fish products is not only crucial for the food industry, but also for human health. Nevertheless, comprehensive in vivo and toxicological investigations are imperative prior to the utilization of fermented fish products that are abundant in bioactive compounds for the purpose of human health benefits.

Throughout history, women have often been subject to inaccurate judgments and misrepresentations in various historical accounts. This phenomenon is particularly prevalent in patriarchal societies, where women are often either completely marginalized or primarily perceived as objects that serve to enhance men's status. This is especially evident in the sacred texts and mythologies of these nations. The literary work The Lanka's Princess delve into an exploration of the portrayal of mythological women. This novel focuses on the significant female characters and their representation within the narratives. The challenges faced by women have existed since ancient times. The primary objective of this paper is to examine the challenges faced by women during the time period depicted in the novel, as well as the subsequent empowerment of women in overcoming these obstacles. The societal importance of women is duly acknowledged. This paper also seeks to raise awareness and empower women, with the ultimate goal of challenging and dismantling societal stereotypes surrounding women. The findings of the study reveal that women experience objectification, limited access to education, social exclusion, and a lack of agency. Kane's novel endeavors to undertake a thorough examination of the emancipation of its female characters from the oppressive forces of societal norms and the challenging circumstances that engendered an identity crisis for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Modern housing has been shown to reduce the risk of malaria infections compared to traditional houses; however, it is unclear if the effects differ in different malaria transmission settings. This study evaluated the effects of modern housing on malaria among different endemic areas. Methods: Electronic databases, clinical trial registries and grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case–control studies, and cross-sectional surveys on housing done between 1987 and 2022. Forest plots were done, and the quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessments, Development and Evaluation Framework. Results: Twenty-one studies were included; thirteen were cross-sectional, four were case–control and four were cohort studies. Cohort studies showed an adjusted risk ratio of 0.68 (95% CI 0.48–0.96), and cross-sectional studies indicated an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.79 (95%CI 0.75–0.83). By endemic transmission regions, the adjusted odds ratio in the high endemic settings was 0.80 (95%CI 0.76–085); in the moderate transmission regions, aOR = 0.76 (95%CI 0.67–0.85) and in the low transmission settings, aOR = 0.67 (95%CI 0.48–0.85). Conclusions: The evidence from observational studies suggests that there are no differences in the protective effects of modern houses compared to traditional houses on malaria by endemicity level. This implies that good quality modern housing protects against malaria regardless of the malaria transmission settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The group of vegetables known collectively as Kyo-yasai is a key part of food culture in Kyoto, once Japan's capital city for over 1000 years. A favorable climate and other cultural influences enabled Kyo-yasai culture to flourish. This study reviews the history, work to preserve, and marketing of Kyo-yasai. It also summarizes the scientific research conducted in the past few decades concerning breeding, functionality, nutrition, and taxonomy to provide an overview of Kyo-yasai today. The first record of heirloom vegetables in Japan was in the third century. After Kyoto became the capital in 794, a variety of vegetables were gradually introduced, and these have been developed and selected as Kyo-yasai for many centuries now. However, F1 vegetable cultivars became the national norm after World War II, and Kyo-yasai faced the risk of extinction. Consequently, farmers, researchers, municipalities, and other groups decided to preserve Kyo-yasai. In 1974, the Kyoto prefectural government began preserving Kyo-yasai seeds. At the time it also defined 37 heirloom vegetables as 'traditional Kyo-yasai.' Additionally, agricultural cooperatives, wholesale markets, restaurants, and municipalities started to promote sales of Kyo-yasai. Furthermore, a breeding program was set up by Kyoto prefectural institutes looking at ways of improving cultivation suitability. Functional and taxonomical research by Kyoto Prefectural University and other organizations has revealed not only that Kyo-yasai has higher functionality overall compared than common F1 cultivars, but also the genomic uniqueness of Kyo-yasai. These efforts collectively improved our understanding of Kyo-yasai and promoted their production. The preservation of these heirloom vegetables has a clear benefit in that it would contribute to the diversity of species and food cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of using sour cherry puree in tarhana formulations on the nutritional value and quality criteria of tarhana. In the formulation, 50% and 100% of tomato and pepper purees were replaced by sour cherry puree, and in another formulation, 100% of sour cherry puree was used instead of yogurt. The use of sour cherry puree instead of tomato and pepper puree enriched the tarhana in terms of essential and other amino acids. Tarhana samples were found to be rich in oleic acid (22.02%–39.12%) among monounsaturated fatty acids. The presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic (11.09%–33.56%) and linolenic acids (14.04%–28.91%) was determined in the samples. The dominant saturated fatty acid found in the samples was palmitic acid (8.05%–12.89%). There were no significant changes in moisture, aw, ash content, pH, HMF content as well as water and fat absorption capacity values. When sour cherry puree was used instead of yogurt, there was a decrease in protein (10.71%) and fat (0.38%) contents as well as L (43.46) value, while an increase was detected in total phenolic content (2.38 mg GAE/g), antioxidant activity (10.35 μmol TE/100 g) and mineral composition, namely K, Fe, Cu, Mn, and B. Considering sensory analyses, the sample in which tomato and pepper purees were substituted with 50% sour cherry puree received the highest scores in general taste, flavor, and consistency parameters together with the control tarhana (CT0). The 50% substitution of sour cherry puree with tomato and pepper purees enriched the tarhana samples both nutritionally and sensorially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A type of qualitative research through a phenomenological approach, the results of the study show that the presence of traditional coffee sellers not only provides delicious drinks, but is also an inseparable part of daily life in many communities. Despite the challenges of competition and modernization, traditional coffee sellers remain a pillar of the local economy with unique economic behavior. With a commitment to product quality, innovation in sales strategies, and strong customer relationships, they are able to increase family income and create economic stability within the community. In addition, their role in creating additional economic opportunities and strengthening local economic infrastructure shows a significant impact on economic growth and social well-being at the community level. Therefore, traditional coffee sellers not only play the role of local entrepreneurs, but also as agents of change that are important in improving the quality of life of the community as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of Review: Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) modalities are widely employed. However, TCIM, specifically herbal and non-herbal dietary supplements, can pose challenges in the context of organ transplantation. In this review, we discuss common supplements used for psychiatric purposes and highlight important considerations for candidates and recipients of liver transplants. Recent Findings: Ashwagandha, kava kava, green tea extract, skullcap, turmeric, and valerian have known idiosyncratic hepatotoxic potential and may complicate the liver transplantation course. Multiple supplements reportedly carry a lower risk of hepatotoxicity, though evidence for widespread use in those at risk for or with hepatic impairment is limited. Summary: Psychiatrists caring for candidates and recipients of liver transplants must recognize that patients may find supplements helpful in alleviating psychiatric symptoms, despite an overall limited evidence base. Evaluating benefit versus risk ratios and reviewing drug-drug interactions is essential to promote transplant candidacy and mitigate the possibility of native or graft liver dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the blend of the traditional with the modern in the works of Wilhelm Georg Berger, based on the analysis of the Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18 composed in 1962. His work covers more than 50 years, a period in which his style transformed so that Berger composes applying principles formulated through the assiduous research of the musical phenomena, being familiar, in detail, with the old as well as the new. In the first part of the analysis, I shall briefly present aspects of his multidisciplinar^ personality, starting from the cultural background and context in which Berger created. In the second part, I shall analyze the Sonata for Viola and Cello Op. 18, from which I have selected the elements I have considered the most relevant in highlighting the blending between traditional and modern. The aspects are selected through the lens of formal, harmonic, modal, rhythmic, or aesthetic points of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout history, medicinal plants have been the primary source for preventing and treating infectious diseases and other health issues. The flowering plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis , also called river red gum, is a member of the Myrtaceae family and has numerous traditional uses. The objectives of the present study were to identify the essential oil components of Eucalyptus camaldulensis using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS), and to determine the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of ethanol, aqueous, and essential oil extracts from E. camaldulensis leaves. Addtionally, the essential oil constituents that were identified underwent an in silico analysis. The efficacy of various extracts in combat pathogens and free radicals was assessed through the utilization of the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), α-glucosidase inhibition, and disk diffusion methods. In terms of radical scavenging, reducing power, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, the essential oil showed strong antioxidant activity at 84.01 %, 20.1 mmol/g, and 78.2 %, respectively. The essential oil showed a potent antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , with 12 and 14 mm inhibitions, respectively, which were higher than ampicillin's 9 and 6 mm inhibitions, respectively. The GCMS analysis showed that the following chemicals were the most common: cis-11-hexadecenal (10.2%), trans-13-octadecenoic acid (9.5%), and 6-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z)-(8.8%). The α-glucosidase enzyme was targeted in a docking study to investigate the antidiabetic properties of the 42 phytochemicals found in the essential oil extract. The compound, namely 5.alpha.-Androstan-16-one, showed the highest binding affinities of −8.6 Kcal/mol during the docking screening of the 42 identified phytochemicals against α-glucosidase. These two compounds show potential as competitive α-glucosidase inhibitors. E. camaldulensis will be a particularly useful source to improve health and fight communicable and non-communicable diseases. Nonetheless, human evaluations of E. camaldulensis safety and effectiveness are necessary, and more well-planned clinical trials are needed to confirm our in vitro and in silico findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversity, flexibility, easy accessibility, broad continuing acceptance in developing countries and increasing popularity in developed countries, relative low cost, low levels of technological input, relative low side effects, and growing economic importance are some of the positive features of traditional medicine. In rural India, traditional medicine continues to be the only available form of care. Many communities continue to treat patients using their old methods, unaffected by contemporary medical advancements. Due to their accessibility, affordability, and ease of use, tribal tribes prefer to utilize and consult their own traditional healers. These are likewise thought to be highly effective and without any adverse effects. This paper aims to identify various traditional medicines used for treating illness and infirmities, by taking accounts from the residents of Chungtlang village, Mamit District, Mizoram. The objective here lies in discovering traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and their uses for various infirmities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the ever-evolving landscape of pharmaceutical formulation, the demand for rapid, cost-effective, and precise analytical techniques is paramount. This abstract presents an overview of the burgeoning field of smartphone camera-based image scanning densitometry and its transformative impact on pharmaceutical formulation processes. Leveraging the ubiquitous presence of smartphones, this technology offers a powerful and accessible tool for quantifying critical parameters in pharmaceutical products. This abstract highlights the key elements covered in the article, including the role of smartphone cameras, their applications in pharmaceutical formulation, the advantages they offer over traditional methods, challenges to consider, and future trends. Through case studies and real-world examples, it illustrates the practical implementation and potential benefits of smartphone-based densitometry in the pharmaceutical industry, emphasizing its potential to enhance quality control, streamline processes, and improve regulatory compliance. As the pharmaceutical sector continues to embrace technological innovations, smartphone camera-based image scanning densitometry emerges as a promising avenue to meet the evolving demands of precision and efficiency in pharmaceutical formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phytochemical compounds in the leaf extracts of Castanopsis indica and C. tribuloides were evaluated, and their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential were assessed. The TPC was found to be 193.12 and 159.49 mg GAE g−1 dry weight, and the TFC was 108.12 and 96.49 mg QE g−1 dry weight, for C. indica and C. tribuloides, respectively. C. indica had higher DPPH scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 15.10 μg mL−1. Both extracts showed substantial antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 76 VoCs in C. indica leaf, and 71 VoCs in C. tribuloides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Urban Research is the property of Journal of Urban Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we can understand about the different styles of music practiced by the musicians of the Gandharba community of Nepal and the adjoining regions. These styles of music have been studied and listed. Some of these styles of music belong exclusively to the Gandharba community, while some belong to neighboring communities. All of the musical forms belong to communities residing in the central Himalayan region comprising of the country of Nepal and the adjoining Indian territories. These musical forms represent the rich cultural heritage of the Gandharba community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Legal & Economic Research / Mağallaẗ Al-Buḥūṯ Al-Qānūniyyaẗ wa Al-Iqtiṣādiyyaẗ is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Preserving ancient buildings can be improved using Building Information Modelling (BIM) models created from high-quality point-cloud data. The problems arise from the need for automatic extraction of the characteristics required to meet various security criteria from a high-fidelity point cloud. BIM for Traditional Wooden Architecture (TWA) constructions requires collaboration across various research fields. Two crucial concerns are needed to overcome the current gap and enhance the use of BIM: an automated model for the major components that smartly combines historical information and a Smart Modelling Framework (SMF) to represent these components. First, a parametric model for the usual components, highlighting similarities and properties, was created using a TWA structure as the basis. The next step is creating an automated modelling approach to determine the component type and hidden dimensions automatically. Conservation initiatives for traditional wooden structures will benefit greatly from this research results. The experimental results demonstrate that the suggested technique accomplishes better efficiency, reliability, and effectiveness than other existing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of Review: Since the advent of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), advances in technology have allowed for improvement and treatment of various conditions, especially chronic pain. Additionally, as the system has developed, the ability to provide different stimulation waveforms for patients to treat different conditions has improved. The purpose and objective of the paper is to discuss basics of waveforms and present the most up-to-date literature and research studies on the different types of waveforms that currently exist. During our literature search, we came across over sixty articles that discuss the various waveforms we intend to evaluate. Recent Findings: There are several publications on several waveforms used in clinical practice, but to our knowledge, this is the only educational document teaching on waveforms which provides essential knowledge. Summary: There is a gap of knowledge related to understanding wave forms and how they work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike other intangible components of culture, food heritage has been the part and parcel of everyday life connecting the people with their culture, tradition, history, and helping in identity and image formation. Hence, the recognition and preservation of food heritage are of prime importance. The purpose is not only to maintain the dishes, products, or processes because of their unique value but also to indentify the determinants/factors responsible for making it. This present study analyzes how food is transformed into heritage, what we call them ultimately "heritage food". The process of making heritage food is triggered by various determinants/factors solely responsible for it. To fulfill the aim of the study, a sample of 696 respondents has been collected through a self-constructed standardized questionnaire via online mode (Google form). On the basis of nature, association, and significance of studied variables following statistical tools have been used; Path analysis along with PLS-SEM (partial least square-structural equation modelling) for identifying the determinants of food heritage and multiple regression for measuring impacts of food heritage on identity. The study revealed that all the selected determinants (18 nos) of food heritage have significant determinacy power in making food heritage, which has a high impact on identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kalamkari is a traditional textile art form which is done using natural dyes and tools. There are two main types of kalamkari practised from the olden days - Srikalahasti and Machilipatnam. There exist two styles Kodalikaruppur and Karuppur styles of kalamkari. This study is about the Karuppur style of Kalamkari. The objective of this research is to understand and document the history of the hand-painted Karuppur style of kalamkari art and create new verge of trendy products that are appealing to the younger generation and can also save this beautiful form of art from extinction. A qualitative experimental and exploratory research method study used primary and secondary data. The primary data of the art was collected from the craftsman family who were practising Karuppur kalamkari in traditional methods. The secondary data was collected from websites, blogs and journals. The products designed and developed were a concoction of trend and tradition without extracting the essence of tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Compare surgical and swallow outcomes in robotic versus traditional laryngeal cleft (LC) repairs. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Tertiary care pediatric hospital. Methods: Pediatric patients who underwent robotic or traditional (open or endoscopic) LC repair between 2010 and 2021 were identified. Patient characteristics, operative times, adverse events, hospital length of stay (LOS), and modified barium swallow study (MBSS) results were compared. Results: Eighteen robotic and thirty traditional LC repairs were identified. Mean surgical (149 vs 111 min, P <.05) and OR times (207 vs 139 min, P <.002) were increased for robotic type I LC repairs, but were similar for type II and III LC. Mean hospital LOS was increased for robotic type I LC repairs (2.6 vs 1.2 days, P <.006), but was decreased for type II (4 vs 12.2 days) and type III (4.3 vs 94.5 days) LC. Postoperative MBSS results were improved for robotic type I LC repairs at 12 months (82% vs 43%, P =.05), and trended toward improvement at 6 months for type II (75% vs 22%), and type III (67% vs 50%) LC repairs, although significance was limited for type II and III LC due to the number of subjects. A robotic approach was used successfully to revise all recurrent LC that failed traditional repairs. Conclusion: Robotic type 1 LC repairs demonstrated increased operative times and hospital LOS but improved postoperative swallow outcomes compared to traditional approaches may be particularly useful in cases of recurrent clefts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fermentation is a traditional method of food preservation that is widely used for improving shelf life, food safety, and sensory and nutritional properties. Fermented fish are an integral part of numerous food cultures and are produced in different parts of the world. Bekasam is an Indonesian traditional fermented fish commonly used as a condiment in Indonesian dishes because of its umami taste. This review tries to elaborate on various aspects of bekasam. The emphasis of this work is related to cultural history, microfunctional properties, manufacturing processes, biochemical and nutritional properties, as well as their health benefits and safety concerns. Moreover, some challenges and directions for future research regarding bekasam are also discussed in this review. Further investigation into fermented fish products is not only crucial for the food industry, but also for human health. Nevertheless, comprehensive in vivo and toxicological investigations are imperative prior to the utilization of fermented fish products that are abundant in bioactive compounds for the purpose of human health benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on organisational performance and competitive advantage and the moderating role of the use of traditional and contemporary management accounting practices on this relationship. Using survey data collected from 505 US-based financial managers, the findings indicate that the use of traditional management accounting practices was found to positively moderate the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on competitive advantage. Additional exploratory analysis revealed that the extent of use of contemporary management accounting practices positively moderates the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on organisational performance in a product differentiation/high-force environment. The extent of use of contemporary management accounting practices was also found to positively moderate the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on competitive advantage in a low-cost/high-force. However, the extent of use of contemporary management accounting practices was found to negatively moderate the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on competitive advantage in a product differentiation/low-force environment. Finally, the extent of use of traditional management accounting practices was found to negatively moderate the effect of the intensity of competitive forces on organisational performance in the product differentiation/high-force model. These findings provide a preliminary insight into the important role of management accounting practices in the management of competitive forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]